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Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 89
Tytuł:
A comparison between Pseudomonas aureofaciens (chlororaphis) and P. fluorescens in biological control of cotton seedling damping-off disease
Autorzy:
Samavat, S.
Heydari, A.
Zamanizadeh, H.R.
Rezaee, S.
Aliabadi, A.A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/66475.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
Pseudomonas aureofaciens
Pseudomonas fluorescens
biological control
cotton
seedling
damping off disease
plant disease
Opis:
Due to the importance of the biological control of plant diseases, testing and introducing new biocontrol-active microorganisms is a major concern among plant pathologists. The causal agent of cotton seedling damping-off disease is Rhizoctonia solani. In this regard, we tried to investigate the antagonistic activities of Pseudomonas aureofaciens (chlororaphis) 30–84 (phenazine producing wild type and non-phenazine producing mutant) strains on R. solani, in comparison with some isolates of P. fluorescent under both in vitro (laboratory) and in vivo (greenhouse) conditions. In the laboratory experiment, the inhibitory effects of all the bacteria, on the growth of R. solani, were evaluated using the dual culture procedure. Results showed that five isolates of P. fluorescent along with both strains of P. aureofaciens significantly inhibited the growth of R. solani. Effective bacterial antagonists were then evaluated in a greenhouse experiment where cotton seeds were coated with their suspensions and were sown in pasteurised field-soil. The soil had been pre-inoculated with a virulent isolate of R. solani. The efficacy of the bacterial antagonists was evaluated by counting the number of surviving seedlings in different treatments, at 15 and 60 days after sowing, for determining pre- and post-emergence damping-off incidence. According to the results of the greenhouse experiment, at both intervals, two isolates of P. fluorescens along with both strains of P. aureofaciens caused significant increases in the number of healthy seedlings, in comparison with the untreated control, and a commonly used fungicide (carboxin-thiram). The efficacy of phenazine producing a wild type strain of P. aureofaciens was higher than its non-phenazine producing mutant, indicating that phenazine plays an important role in the antagonistic activity of P. aureofaciens. Effective bacterial antagonists were then studied for their antagonistic mechanisms. The results showed that all four bacteria employed different mechanisms. The bacteria produced siderophore, and volatile metabolites and non-volatile metabolites, in their antagonistic activities. The results of this study suggest that P. auerofaciens may be a new biocontrol agent for controlling cotton seedling mortality disease.
Źródło:
Journal of Plant Protection Research; 2014, 54, 2
1427-4345
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Plant Protection Research
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
An attempt to control natural focus of leptospirosis grippotyphosa by rodenticide - a long-term study [1977-2004]
Autorzy:
Bakoss, P
Jarekova, J.
Labuda, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/50015.pdf
Data publikacji:
2007
Wydawca:
Instytut Medycyny Wsi
Tematy:
public health
disease
economic problem
control
man
natural focus
species structure
animal
small mammal
leptospirosis
terrestrial mammal
rodenticide
Opis:
The purpose of the study was to suppress a known natural focus of fi eld fever exerting an infl uence on animal hosts of leptospires – small terrestrial mammals (s.t.m.) by rodenticide. After repeated application of the zinc phosphide rodenticide, the s.t.m. were regularly live-trapped and checked for leptospirosis by dark-fi eld microscopy and culture of their renal tissue and serological examination. Isolated leptospira strains were typed by help of rabbit factor sera. The deratization infl uenced the s.t.m. structure considerably: the proportion of the dominant Microtus arvalis subjects – the main reservoirs of Leptospira kirschneri serovar Grippotyphosa – were gradually and substantionally reduced and, contrarily, the percentage of the potetial hosts subjects – Clethrionomys glareolus and Apodemus fl avicollis – rose decisively over time. Changes in culture and serological positivity for leptospirosis of s.t.m. have also been enregistered. The highest original infestation of M. arvalis have slowly but strongly decreased while that of C. glareolus and A. fl avicollis has increased decisively and reached its maximum within the last years of investigation. It is probable that these two animal species have undertaken the leading role in the maintenance of the natural focus of the fi eld fever. In other animal species analogous trends were not registered. Based on these long-term fi ndings, there exists the possibility to suppress only partially and temporarily the epizootic process of leptospirosis in a natural focus that can be desirable in some circumstances (building or free time activities, etc.).
Źródło:
Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine; 2007, 14, 1
1232-1966
Pojawia się w:
Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Antifungal activity of Solanum extracts against phytopathogenic Curvularia lunata
Autorzy:
Hernandez-Rodriguez, Z.G.
Riley-Saldana, C.A.
Gonzalez-Esquinca, A.R.
Castro-Moreno, M.
de-la-Cruz-Chacon, I.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/66701.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
phytopathogenic fungi
Curvularia lunata
antifungal activity
Solanum
plant extract
plant disease
disease control
leaf spot disease
phytopathogen
inhibition
Opis:
Several species of Solanum produce secondary metabolites with antimicrobial activity. In the present study, the inhibitory activity of Solanum chrysotrichum, S. erianthum, S. torvum and S. rostratum against phytopathogenic Curvularia lunata was determined. Methanol extracts from roots, stems, leaves and fruits were evaluated by the method of mycelial inhibition on agar and the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined on a liquid medium. To increase the antimicrobial activity, the combined activity of the most active extracts for each phytopathogen was also determined (a combination of intra and interspecies extracts). The results showed that 12 of the 16 methanolic extracts of Solanum species had antifungal effects against C. lunata. The extracts of S. rostratum and S. erianthum developed the highest activity (~80% inhibition and 28.4 MIC μg . ml–1), even, equal to or greater than, the reference fungicide. The mixture of the active extracts of S. chrysotrichum and S. torvum increased their activity. Various extracts affected the macro and microscopic morphology and most of them reduced the number of conidia of the fungus. This resulted in the capacity to control the vegetative growth and reproduction of C. lunata, the causal fungus of corn leaf spot disease.
Źródło:
Journal of Plant Protection Research; 2018, 58, 3
1427-4345
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Plant Protection Research
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Application of DNA vaccines in fish
Autorzy:
Lepa, A
Siwicki, A.K.
Terech-Majewska, E.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/31293.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
fish
DNA vaccine
infectious disease
disease control
vaccination
immune response
pathogen
animal pathogen
Opis:
Vaccination is a most cost-effective way of controlling infectious diseases in fish. However, some vaccination techniques when applied to hatchery conditions are not as effective as we expect them to be. Modern molecular biology techniques offer a number of opportunities for improving existing bacterial or viral vaccines or creating new ones. One of the most promising trends in vaccinology is development of DNA vaccination. DNA vaccines are based on the gene encoding specific antigen, which is expressed in vaccinated organism and induces the host immune system. DNA vaccines, compared to conventional vaccines, have many advantages including ability to trigger wider immune response, bigger stability and possibility of large-scale production. To date, there are several reports indicating effectiveness of DNA vaccines used against fish pathogens.
Źródło:
Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences; 2010, 13, 1; 213-215
1505-1773
Pojawia się w:
Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Assessment of differences in nutrients consumption in women diagnosed with osteoporosis as compared to a healthy control group
Autorzy:
Wawrzyniak, A.
Klimczyk, P.
Wozniak, A.
Anyzewska, A.
Leonkiewicz, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/873838.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Narodowy Instytut Zdrowia Publicznego. Państwowy Zakład Higieny
Tematy:
human nutrition
food assessment
nutrient
consumption
woman
human disease
osteoporosis
healthy woman
control group
Opis:
Background. Osteoporosis is a condition that has been much more frequent for women, which is related to menopause and to their lower bone mineral density (BMD). Inappropriate diet is among the development factors of the disease. Objective. To assess differences in consumption of particular nutrients among women with and without osteoporosis diagnosed. Material and Methods. The study was conducted in 2013 in a group of 100 women aged 51-70, using a questionnaire, including a 24-hour recall related to a participant’s nutrients consumptions. Results. Women suffering from osteoporosis were found to consume significantly lower amounts of fat (by 16%) and energy (by 13%), as well as vitamins: A (by 16%), E (by 20%), B6 (by 20%), niacin (by 16%) and C (by 19%). Differences in the consumption of minerals have been observed in the cases of calcium, phosphorus, sodium and potassium. The women with osteoporosis were fund to consume lower amounts of those elements, by 14%, 13%, 21% and 19% respectively. On the average, participants of the study in both groups consumed amounts of calcium at a half of the recommended level, and substantially exceeded the recommended values of phosphorus, as well as displaying an inappropriate calcium to phosphorus ratio (0.5:1). As little as 8% of the participants with osteoporosis declared a considerable change in their diet, with increased consumption of dairy products. Conclusion. The observed nutrition deficiencies in osteoporosis patients may be conducive to a worsened condition, and may lead to an onset of the disease in participants from the control group.
Wprowadzenie. Osteoporoza to choroba znacznie częściej występująca wśród kobiet, co związane jest z menopauzą i mniejszą szczytową masą kostną. Nieprawidłowy sposób żywienia jest jednym z czynników warunkujących powstawanie choroby. Cel badań. Oszacowanie różnic w spożyciu składników pokarmowych wśród kobiet z osteoporozą i bez jej zdiagnozowania. Materiał i metody. Badanie zostało przeprowadzone w 2013 roku, wśród 100 kobiet, w wieku 51-70 lat metodą ankietową, w tym metodą 24-godzinnego wywiadu żywieniowego. Wyniki. Kobiety z osteoporozą spożywały istotnie mniejsze ilości tłuszczu (o 16%) oraz energii (o 13%), a także witamin: A (o 16%), E (o 20%), B6 (o 20%), PP (o 16%), C (o 19%). Różnice w spożyciu składników mineralnych zaobserwowano w przypadku wapnia, fosforu, sodu oraz potasu. Kobiety z osteoporozą spożywały mniejsze ilości tych związków odpowiednio o 14%, 13%, 21% i 19%. Osoby badane z obu grup spożywały średnio 2-krotnie zbyt małe ilości wapnia, a znacząco zbyt duże ilości fosforu oraz charakteryzowały się nieprawidłowym stosunkiem wapnia do fosforu (0,5:1). Zaledwie 8% badanych z osteoporozą deklarowało zmianę sposobu żywienia po zdiagnozowaniu schorzenia zwiększając w diecie ilość produktów mlecznych. Wniosek. Odnotowane nieprawidłowości spożycia mogą w przypadku osób z osteoporozą sprzyjać pogłębianiu schorzenia, a u osób z grupy kontrolnej stać się jego przyczyną.
Źródło:
Roczniki Państwowego Zakładu Higieny; 2017, 68, 2
0035-7715
Pojawia się w:
Roczniki Państwowego Zakładu Higieny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Assessment of the correlation between gait and balance disorders, and the severity of motor symptoms in Parkinson’s disease, depression and cognitive impairment
Zależność zaburzeń chodu i równowagi od nasilenia objawów ruchowych choroby Parkinsona, depresji i zaburzeń funkcji poznawczych
Autorzy:
Czechowicz, Bartłomiej
Siuda, Joanna
Bednar, Magdalena
Nowakowska, Iwona
Rudzińska-Bar, Monika
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1798738.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Akademia Wychowania Fizycznego im. Bronisława Czecha w Krakowie
Tematy:
Parkinson’s disease
cognitive functions
postural control
depressive disorders
choroba Parkinsona
funkcje poznawcze
kontrola postawy
zaburzenia depresyjne
Opis:
Introduction: Postural instability in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) is one of the major factors contributing to an increasing number of falls and fall related complications. Diagnosis of balance disorder is based on assessment of postural control by the biomechanical assessment of the musculoskeletal system, coordinating speed and precision of movements. The condition for the performance of precise and smooth movement is coordination of motor activity and sensory signals fl owing to the motor system. Study aim: The aim of the study is to assess the impact of non-motor symptoms (depression and cognitive impairment) and the impact of the severity of motor symptoms on the process of course of movement planning and control in Parkinson’s disease. Material and methods: The study involved 40 patients with idiopathic Parkinson’s disease, diagnosed according to the criteria adopted by the United Kingdom Parkinson’s Disease Society Brain Bank (UKPDSBB), with stage II or III severity of symptoms of the disease according to the Hoehn-Yahr sclae. All the patients underwent physical examination with an evaluation using the UPDRS (Unifi ed Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale) and screening clinical trials were performed, evaluating cognitive functions (Montreal Cognitive Assessment, MoCA) and depressive disorders (Beck Depression Inventory, BDI). Evaluation of mobility, stability and motor control was done using the Berg Balance Scale (BBS), the Tinetti test, the Up and Go test (TUG) and the Dynamic Gait Index (DGI). Results: There was a signifi cant correlation between the level of severity of movement disorders (according to UPRDS ON part III) and the parameters defi ning motor skills in the DGI (R= -0.49, p<0.001), the TUG test evaluating mobility (R=0.4, p<0.01), and static and dynamic balance disorder using BBS (R=-0.44, p<0.004). The level of cognitive functioning had signifi cant impact on the mobility and stability of patients, and the occurrence of depressive disorder did not affect the deterioration of basic postural reactions in the group of patients with PD. Cite this article as: Czechowicz B., Siuda J., Bednar M., Nowakowska I., Rudzińska-Bar M. Assessment of the correlation between gait and balance disorders, and the severity of motor symptoms in Parkinson’s disease, depression and cognitive impairment. Med Rehabil 2016; 20(2): 13-19.
Wstęp: Niestabilność posturalna u osób z chorobą Parkinsona (PD) jest jednym z głównych czynników przyczyniających się do zwiększenia upadków i związanych z nimi powikłań. Diagnostyka zaburzeń równowagi opiera się na ocenie kontroli postawy przez ocenę biomechaniczną narządu ruchu, koordynującą szybkość i precyzję wykonywanych ruchów. Warunkiem wykonania precyzyjnego i płynnego ruchu jest skoordynowanie czynności ruchowych oraz bodźców czuciowych z sygnałami płynącymi do układu ruchowego. Cel pracy: Ocena wpływu zaburzeń pozaruchowych (depresji i zaburzeń poznawczych) oraz nasilenia objawów ruchowych na proces planowania i kontroli przebiegu ruchu w chorobie Parkinsona. Materiał i metody: Do badania zakwalifikowano 40 chorych z idiopatyczną chorobą Parkinsona, rozpoznaną zgodnie z kryteriami United Kingdom Parkinson’s Disease Society Brain Bank (UKPDSBB), w stadium II lub III zaawansowania objawów choroby wg Hoehn-Yahra. U wszystkich chorych przeprowadzono badanie fizykalne wraz z oceną w skali UPDRS (Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale) oraz wykonano przesiewowe testy kliniczne, oceniające funkcje poznawcze (Montreal Cognitive Assessment, MoCA) i zaburzenia depresyjne (Beck Depression Inventory, BDI). Oceny mobilności, stabilności i kontroli ruchu dokonano za pomocą testów: Berg Balance Scale (BBS), testu Tinetti, testu Up and Go (TUG), Dynamic Gait Index (DGI). Wyniki: Wykazano istotną zależność pomiędzy poziomem nasilenia zaburzeń ruchowych (wg UPRDS ON cz. III) a parametrami definiującymi zdolności motoryczne w DGI (R= -0,49, p<0,001), testem oceny mobilności TUG (R=0,4, p<0,01) oraz zaburzeniami równowagi statycznej i dynamicznej w BBS (R=-0, 44, p<0,004). Poziom funkcjonowania poznawczego miał istotny wpływ na mobilność i stabilność chorych, a występowanie zaburzeń depresyjnych nie wpływało na pogorszenie podstawowych reakcji posturalnych w badanej grupie chorych z PD.
Źródło:
Medical Rehabilitation; 2016, 20(2); 13-19
1427-9622
1896-3250
Pojawia się w:
Medical Rehabilitation
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Association between socio-demographic factors, healthy lifestyle factors, and infection prevention behavior among University students: a cross-sectional study
Związek pomiędzy czynnikami społeczno-demograficznymi, czynnikami zdrowego stylu życia i zachowaniami zapobiegającymi zakażeniom wśród studentów uniwersytetu: badanie przekrojowe
Autorzy:
Gill, G.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2048069.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Akademia Bialska Nauk Stosowanych im. Jana Pawła II w Białej Podlaskiej
Tematy:
infection transmission
community medicine
prevention and control
pandemics
disease outbreaks
epidemiology
Opis:
Background. This study investigated the association between infection prevention behavior and socio-demographic and other lifestyle factors among the Lithuanian public and private university students. Material and methods. The cross-sectional survey took place from 15 January to 28 February 2021, and a total of 234 students responded to the survey. Survey questions included socio-demographic factors, compliance to hand hygiene, attitude towards vaccination, safe sexual behavior and risky sexual behavior, self-rated health, eating habits, physical activity, and compliance with COVID-19 preventative measures. Independent sample t-test, oneway ANOVA, correlation bivariate, and multiple regression tests were used to analyze the association between different factors. Results. Students with better health showed higher compliance to hand hygiene, but reported lower safe sex practices (p<0.05). Likewise, students with chronic disorders were more skeptical of vaccines (p<0.05). Students reporting healthy eating habits displayed a higher compliance to hand hygiene (p<0.05) and safe sex (p<0.05), while students who were more physically active showed lower confidence in vaccines (p<0.05). Conclusions. This study indicates that significant correlations exist between numerous variables related to socio-demographic and lifestyle factors with infection prevention behavior. Moreover, there is a need to increase the compliance of infection prevention behavior among youth. Hence, more health promotion programs should be implemented focusing on infection prevention behavior in young individuals.
Źródło:
Health Problems of Civilization; 2021, 15, 3; 187-195
2353-6942
2354-0265
Pojawia się w:
Health Problems of Civilization
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Association of chosen microsatellite markers on chromosomes 10, 11p and 14q with IDDM susceptibility in the population of midwestern Poland
Autorzy:
Jungerman, M
Fichna, P
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2047273.pdf
Data publikacji:
1996
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
microsatellite marker
human disease
chromosome
statistical analysis
Polska
susceptibility
insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus
health control
polymerase chain reaction
Wielkopolska region
diabetic child
population
Opis:
In search for new markers of insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM) susceptibility we studied the CATT tetranucleotide repeat in intron 1 of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) gene on chromosome lip, the CA repeat at T-cell receptor a chain (TCRA) locus on chromosome 14q and two CA repeats at D10S211 and D10S213 loci in the chromosome 10 region containing glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD2) gene. Alleles at these microsatellite loci were identified in a population of diabetic children and unrelated healthy controls originating from Wielkopolska, a midwestern region of Poland. We found significant association of certain alleles at TH, TCRA and D10S211 loci with diabetes in the population under study. On the contrary, none of the alleles at D10S213 locus was associated with the disease. Our findings indicate that typing of microsatellite markers may represent useful additional tool for identifying individuals at high risk of developing IDDM. Regarding loci on chromosome 10 our data and data published by other authors may suggest the extistence of two separate regions of association with IDDM susceptibility on this chromosome.
Źródło:
Journal of Applied Genetics; 1996, 37, 2; 217-228
1234-1983
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Applied Genetics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Bakterioza pierscieniowa ziemniaka
Autorzy:
Pastuszewska, T
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/835080.pdf
Data publikacji:
2004
Wydawca:
Instytut Hodowli i Aklimatyzacji Roślin
Tematy:
objawy chorobowe
choroby roslin
zwalczanie chorob roslin
czynniki chorobotworcze
bakterioza pierscieniowa ziemniaka
choroby bakteryjne
ziemniaki
zdrowotnosc roslin
Clavibacter michiganensis ssp.sepedonicus
disease symptom
plant disease
plant disease control
pathogenic factor
bacterial ring rot
bacterial disease
potato
plant health
Źródło:
Ziemniak Polski; 2004, 14, 1; 41-43
1425-4263
Pojawia się w:
Ziemniak Polski
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Bakterioza pierscieniowa ziemniaka
Autorzy:
Pastuszewska, T
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/835950.pdf
Data publikacji:
1996
Wydawca:
Instytut Hodowli i Aklimatyzacji Roślin
Tematy:
objawy chorobowe
choroby roslin
zwalczanie chorob roslin
czynniki chorobotworcze
bakterioza pierscieniowa ziemniaka
choroby bakteryjne
ochrona roslin
ziemniaki
diagnostyka
Clavibacter michiganensis ssp.sepedonicus
disease symptom
plant disease
plant disease control
pathogenic factor
bacterial ring rot
bacterial disease
plant protection
potato
diagnostics
Źródło:
Ziemniak Polski; 1996, 2; 21-25
1425-4263
Pojawia się w:
Ziemniak Polski
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Biocontrol mechanisms of Trichoderma harzianum against soybean charcoal rot caused by Macrophomina phaseolina
Autorzy:
Khaledi, N.
Taheri, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/65311.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
biological control
Trichoderma harzianum
soybean
charcoal rot disease
soil-borne disease
stem disease
root disease
Macrophomina phaseolina
peroxidase
phenol
total phenol
Opis:
Throughout the world, charcoal rot, caused by Macrophomina phaseolina, is one of the most destructive and widespread diseases of crop plants such as soybean. In this study, the biological control capability of 11 Trichoderma spp. isolates against M. phaseolina was investigated using screening tests. Among all the tested Trichoderma spp. isolates, inhibition varied from 20.22 to 58.67% in dual culture tests. Dual culture, volatile and non-volatile tests revealed that two isolates of Trichoderma harzianum (including the isolates T7 and T14) best inhibited the growth of M. phaseolina in vitro. Therefore, these isolates were selected for biocontrol of M. phaseolina in vivo. The results of greenhouse experiments revealed that disease severity in the seed treatment with T. harzianum isolates was significantly lower than that of the soil treatment. In most of the cases, though, soil treatment with T. harzianum resulted in higher plant growth parameters, such as root and shoot weight. The effects of T. harzianum isolates on the activity of peroxidase enzyme and phenolic contents of the soybean root in the presence and absence of M. phaseolina were determined in greenhouse conditions. Our results suggested that a part of the inhibitory effect of T. harzianum isolates on soybean charcoal rot might be related to the indirect influence on M. phaseolina. Plant defense responses were activated as an elicitor in addition to the direct effect on the pathogen growth.
Źródło:
Journal of Plant Protection Research; 2016, 56, 1
1427-4345
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Plant Protection Research
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Biocontrol of bacterial speck of tomato by aqueous extract of Tagetes erecta
Autorzy:
Goel, N.
Anukrati, K.
Paul, P.K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/65140.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
biological control
bacterial speck
tomato
water extract
Tagetes erecta
plant disease
biopesticide
plant protection
Pseudomonas syringae pv.tomato
Opis:
Biocontrol of plant diseases has emerged as an eco-friendly measure of plant protection and has experienced a lot of devotion in the last two decades. Biocontrol agents include application of microbial agents, their secretion products and natural extracts from different parts of several plants. The present study, therefore, aimed at evaluating the potency of aqueous extracts of Tagetes erecta L. (marigold) in controlling bacterial speck disease in tomato plants. The experimental design consisted of two groups of 50 plants each: group 1 – sprayed with sterile water (control); and group 2 – sprayed with marigold extract. Spraying was performed under aseptic conditions at the third node from the base of each plant. Challenge inoculation with the bacterial speck pathogen Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato was performed to analyze the disease severity on the test plants. The parameters of study were analysis of alteration in the activity and gene expression of peroxidase (POX), phenyl ammonia lyase (PAL), and polyphenol oxidase (PPO), as well as isoform expression of POX and PPO. The results demonstrated strong inductive effects of the extract on the activity and genes of POX, PAL and PPO. De novo expression of POX and PPO isoforms following marigold extract treatment was also observed. The observations indicate that marigold extract could be a promising biopesticide.
Źródło:
Journal of Plant Protection Research; 2017, 57, 4
1427-4345
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Plant Protection Research
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Biocontrol potential of Trichoderma harzianum in controlling wilt disease of pistachio caused by Verticillium dahliae
Autorzy:
Fotoohiyan, Z.
Rezaee, S.
Bonjar, G.H.S.
Mohammadi, A.H.
Moradi, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/65568.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
biological control
Trichoderma harzianum
controlling
wilt disease
antagonism
pistachio
orchard
Verticillium dahliae
Iran
Opis:
Verticillium wilt caused by Verticillium dahliae, is one of the most devastating diseases in pistachio orchards in the world including Iran. In search for an eff ective non-chemical strategy for the management of this disease, we evaluated the biocontrol potential of Trichoderma harzianum isolates obtained from the rhizosphere of healthy pistachio trees in diff erent locations of the Kerman province of Iran against V. dahliae under laboratory and greenhouse conditions. Dual culture tests in the laboratory were conducted in a completely randomized design using 72 T. harzianum isolates. Twenty isolates showed the highest in vitro antagonistic activity. Th e results indicated that all 20 isolates were capable of inhibiting the mycelial growth of V. dahliae signifi cantly. Among them, isolates Tr8 and Tr19 were the most eff ective by 88.89% and 85.12% inhibition, respectively. Extracted cell free metabolites of all eff ective isolates also inhibited the growth of V. dahliae in the culture medium signifi cantly. According to the results, isolates Tr4 and Tr6 inhibited fungal pathogen growth by 94.94% and 88.15% respectively, through production of non-volatile metabolites. In the evaluation of volatile metabolites, isolates Tr5 and Tr4 were the most eff ective by 26.27% and 24.49% growth inhibition, respectively. Based on the results of the in vitro experiments, the fi ve most eff ective isolates were selected for evaluation under greenhouse conditions for their biocontrol potential in controlling Verticillium wilt of pistachio. Results of the greenhouse, (in vivo) experiments were positive and indicated that the occurrence of wilt disease in plants treated with the antagonists alone or in combination with pathogenic fungus was lower than in plants inoculated with pathogen alone. Th e overall results of this study suggest that Trichoderma fungal antagonist may be an eff ective biocontrol agent for the control of Verticillium wilt of pistachio.
Źródło:
Journal of Plant Protection Research; 2017, 57, 2
1427-4345
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Plant Protection Research
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 89

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