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Tytuł:
Zamieranie olszy czarnej Alnus glutinosa (L.) Gaertn. wzdłuż rzeki Narewki na terenie Nadleśnictwa Białowieża
Decline of Black Alder Alnus glutinosa (L.) Gaertn. along the Narewka River in the Białowieża Forest District
Autorzy:
Malewski, T.
Topor, R.
Nowakowska, J.A.
Oszako, T.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2142614.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Instytut Badawczy Leśnictwa
Tematy:
alder
dieback
drought
Phytophthora
pcr
olsza
zamieranie
susza
Opis:
Black Alder Alnus glutinosa (L.) Gaertn. is an important tree commonly growing in Poland. Alders are actinorhizal plants that play an important ecological role in riparian ecosystems through atmospheric nitrogen fixation, filtration and purification of waterlogged soils as well as providing a refuge for terrestrial and aquatic organisms thus helping to stabilize stream banks. Black Alder used to be considered a very pest and disease resistant species but, the situation changed in 2000, when an unprecedented decline of Alders was observed in Poland. In the Białowieża Forest District, this decline has been observed on wet meadow habitats and along rivers or watercourses. Currently, there are several hypotheses explaining Alder dieback, among them climatic changes and Phytophthora infections. In terms of climate, Black Alder requires a high atmospheric humidity during all phases of its reproductive cycle. It tolerates neither long-term summer flooding nor a significant decrease in the groundwater level. In terms of pests, oomycete pathogens of the genus Phytophthora are the most destructive plant pathogens known and many of them are present in forests and nurseries all over Europe. The aim of this study was to evaluate the health of Black Alder along the Narewka River in the Białowieża Forest District. Selected areas were monitored in 2012 and 2018, but no relationship between drought and alder health was found. A preliminary analysis of soil and water samples by real time PCR revealed the presence of two Phytophthora species: P. alni and P. cactorum. Further and more detailed research is required to elucidate the role of these pathogens in Alder dieback.
Źródło:
Leśne Prace Badawcze; 2020, 81, 4; 147-152
1732-9442
2082-8926
Pojawia się w:
Leśne Prace Badawcze
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Effect of fungal pathogens and climatic factors on production, biodiversity and health status of ash mountain forests
Autorzy:
Vacek, Zdeněk
Vacek, Stanislav
Bulušek, Daniel
Podrázský, Vilém
Remeš, Jiří
Král, Jan
Putalová, Tereza
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/957002.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Dendrologii PAN
Tematy:
fraxinus excelsior
ash dieback
stand structure
dynamics
central europe
Opis:
European ash (Fraxinus excelsior L.) is a broad-leaved fast-growing tree species common in most parts of Europe, highly-valued for its ecological properties and occurrence in many forest site types. Its future is threatened, especially by an invasive fungal pathogen Hymenoscyphus fraxineus causing disintegration of E. ash stands throughout all Europe. This paper deals with changes in stand structure, biodiversity and production parameters in mixed European ash stands in the Krkonoše Mountains National park, Czech Republic, with respect to ash dieback progress for period 2009–2015. Studied four permanent research plots (0.25 ha) showed negative dynamics of stand structural and production parameters. Volume of ash ranged between 98–376 m3 ha–1 (stand volume 378–613 m3 ha–1), which indicates a decrease by 2.7% during 6 years. Detected fungi caused mean deterioration of foliage by 22.9%, canopy by 15.8% and mortality reached 15.2%. The earlier ash dieback symptoms were detected at suppressed and intermediate trees, especially on waterlogged sites and at low altitude. Conversely, ash dieback was reflected less intensively at higher-elevated sloping stands, although low temperature (particularly severe frosts at the beginning of the year) was prevailing limiting factor for radial growth of ash in these mountain areas. The biodiversity indices of tree layer indicate mostly medium values with a decreasing tendency (to 22.4%). Relationship between spatial pattern of trees without dieback symptoms and infected trees was positive at small distances (to 7 m) or random. In terms of preventive silvicultural practices, strong systematic thinning is recommended to maintain the vitality of ash stands.
Źródło:
Dendrobiology; 2017, 77; 161-175
1641-1307
Pojawia się w:
Dendrobiology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Fungi isolated from shoots showing ash dieback in the Wolica Nature Reserve in Poland and artificially inoculated seedlings with Hymenoscyphus fraxineus
Autorzy:
Żółciak, Anna
Nowakowska, Justyna Anna
Pacia, Artur
Keča, Nenad
Oszako, Tomasz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2044161.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Instytut Badawczy Leśnictwa
Tematy:
bark necrosis
ash dieback
Fraxinus excelsior
Hymenoscyphus fraxineus
ITS1-F
Opis:
Ash dieback caused by an alien, invasive fungus Hymenoscyphus fraxineus is a serious disease of European ash species in many parts in Europe. In Poland, the disease was recorded in the beginning of the 1990s. This study was performed in 2016–2017 with the aim to identify fungi isolated from ash shoots showing dieback symptoms in the Wolica Nature Reserve in Poland, as well as from shoots of two years-old ash seedlings inoculated with H. fraxineus in the greenhouse. The most frequently isolated fungi from shoots of common ash (associated with the pathogenic fungus H. fraxineus) were identified on the basis of sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer region (ITS1) of fungal rDNA. In total, 19 fungal taxa were identified for ash shoots as follows: H. fraxineus, Fusarium avenaceum, Alternaria spp., Phomopsis oblonga, Diplodia mutila and other Phomopsis spp. The pathogen H. fraxineus was not found for all the shoots samples; one year after inoculation the aforementioned fungi and other species as: Alternaria alternata, Bionectria ochroleuca, Epicoccum nigrum, F. acuminatum, F. avenaceum, and Paraphaesphaeria neglecta were identified in inoculation point, as well as H. fraxineus. The same quantitative and qualitative changes of organisms were observed in the case of artificially colonised ash seedlings in the greenhouse, as well as in the shoots of adult ash trees in the forest.
Źródło:
Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry; 2019, 61, 1; 42-50
0071-6677
Pojawia się w:
Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Multipleksowa detekcja gatunków Phytophthora przy użyciu platformy Fluidigm
Multiplex detection of Phytophthora spp. using the Fluidigm platform
Autorzy:
Sikora, K.
Oszako, T.
Kubiak, K.
Nowakowska, J.A.
Malewski, T.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2142612.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Instytut Badawczy Leśnictwa
Tematy:
forest soil
oomycetes
oak dieback
pathogens
next generation sequencing
gleby leśne
oomycety
zamieranie dębów
patogeny
sekwencjonowanie nowej generacji
Opis:
The genus Phytophthora plays an important role not only in agriculture but also in forest ecosystems. As the number of known Phytophthora species continues to grow, identifying new isolates in this genus has become increasingly challenging even by DNA sequencing. Therefore, the development of proper techniques for detection and identification is crucial for monitoring and control of these pathogens in the forestry sector. In recent years, new molecular methods using innovative approaches have indeed been developed. However, the majority of these methods was designed to detect single Phytophthora species. Techniques that are able to target multiple species would offer advantages, especially for the assessment of Phytophthora diversity in the environment. This paper describes a multiplex assay for the identification of eight Phytophthora isolates, down to the species level, based on a Fluidigm platform employing pyrosequencing. The obtained results showed that for an accurate determination of the species, it is sufficient to know the sequence of two markers, ITS and COX1. The sensitivity of this test is sufficient to identify Phytophthora in a pure culture. Unfortunately, analysis based on a pyrosequencing platform does not provide enough data to simultaneous identify multiple Phytophthora species in samples collected in the field. This problem could be resolved in the future by sequencing using more efficient platforms like Illumina or IonTorrent.
Źródło:
Leśne Prace Badawcze; 2020, 81, 4; 161-166
1732-9442
2082-8926
Pojawia się w:
Leśne Prace Badawcze
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Morphologial variation in colonies of Chalara fraxinea isolated from ash (Fraxinus excelsior L.) stems with symptoms of dieback and effects of temperature on colony growth and structure
Zróżnicowanie morfologiczne kolonii Chalara fraxinea wyizolowanych z jesionów (Fraxinus excelsior L.) z objawami zamierania oraz wpływ temperatury na ich wzrost i strukturę
Autorzy:
Kowalski, T.
Bartnik, C.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/28411.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Botaniczne
Tematy:
morphological variation
colony
Chalara fraxinea
isolation
ash
Fraxinus excelsior
stem
dieback symptom
temperature effect
colony growth
colony structure
Opis:
The present paper presents the results of long-term observations of differences in growth and morphology of colonies of C. fraxinea isolated from ash stems with symptoms of dieback and the results of studies on effects of temperature on growth and morphology of colonies in vitro. Thirty randomly chosen C. fraxinea cultures, originating from six Forest Districts in southern and northern Poland, viz. Andrychów, Gryfice, Kańczuga, Lębork, Miechów and Mircze, were included in the temperature assay. Colony growth and morphology were evaluated in vitro, on malt extract agar. Two replicates of each isolate were incubated at 5, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30oC in darkness. Colonies of C. fraxinea isolated from necrotic stem tissues of diseased ash trees differed greatly in colour, structure, growth rate, presence of sectors and stromata as well as the intensity of conidial sporulation. Colony characters were often lost in further sub-cultures grown on the same medium. Colonies of C. fraxinea grew at 5-25oC in vitro. Three isolates still grew, though slowly, at 30oC. The optimum temperature for growth was 20oC. Among 30 isolates tested, five grew most quickly at 25oC and four at 15oC. Differences among colony diameters recorded at 5, 10, 15, 20 and 30oC were statistically significant, while differences at 15 and 25oC were not. At some temperatures, statistically significant differences in growth rate were related to the origin of the isolates. There were three main colony colour types. Temperature was the main factor affecting colony morphology in vitro. The formation of sectors was observed in 36% of colonies, pseudoparenchymatous stromata in 10.4% of colonies, and white crystalline substances in 53.3% of colonies. The results of in vitro observations were used for discussion of the effects of temperature on growth and activity of C. fraxinea in vivo.
Źródło:
Acta Agrobotanica; 2010, 63, 1
0065-0951
2300-357X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Agrobotanica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Individual resistance of Fraxinus angustifolia and F. excelsior clones to Hymenoscyphus fraxineus
Autorzy:
Adamcikova, K.
Pazitny, J.
Pastircakova, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/65750.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
ash dieback
chronic disease
fungal disease
plant disease
Hymenoscyphus fraxineus
plant resistance
Fraxinus angustifolia
Fraxinus excelsior
pathogenicity test
susceptibility
Opis:
Ash dieback, caused by Hymenoscyphus fraxineus, is a serious disease of common and narrow-leaved ash in Europe. The resistance of individual trees seems to be important for the maintenance of ash in European forests. In this in situ wound inoculation study, the susceptibility and differences in resistance to H. fraxineus between Fraxinus excelsior and F. angustifolia clones were assessed. Neither of the tested clones revealed total resistance to ash dieback; variety between the tested clones was observed. Differences in necroses lengths were significant between clones and between two ash species. Longer necroses were formed in F. angustifolia than in F. excelsior. Some clones exhibiting some resistance to the pathogen were identified.
Źródło:
Journal of Plant Protection Research; 2018, 58, 3
1427-4345
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Plant Protection Research
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Chalara fraxinea - nowo opisany gatunek grzyba na zamierających jesionach w Polsce
Chalara fraxinea - new described fungus species on dying ash in Poland
Autorzy:
Kowalski, T.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1015977.pdf
Data publikacji:
2007
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
objawy chorobowe
grzyby
czynniki chorobotworcze
jesion
Chalara fraxinea
lesnictwo
Fraxinus
drzewa lesne
fitopatologia lesna
fraxinus excelsior
chalara fraxinea
wilting
dieback
Opis:
The paper provides the characteristics of the fungus Chalara fraxinea which may enable its identification. The disease symptoms on ashes regularly accompanied by this fungus were specified. Possible casual relationship between Ch. fraxinea and ash dieback is discussed in the paper.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2007, 151, 04; 44-48
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Infection of scots pine afforestations (Pinus sylvestris L.) by annosum root rot (Heterobasidion annosum (fr.) Bref.) in the eastern german lignite district
Infekcja zadrzewień sosny zwyczajnej (Pinus sylvestris L.) wywołane przez korzeniowca wieloletniego (Heterobasidion annosum (Fr.) Bref.) w okręgu wydobywczym węgla brunatnego we wschodnich Niemczech
Autorzy:
Knoche, D.
Ertle, C.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/396021.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Zielonogórski. Oficyna Wydawnicza
Tematy:
zadrzewienia
sosna zwyczajna
korzeniowiec wieloletni
Heterobasidion annosun
Pine afforestation
Annosum root rot
forest dieback
mine soil
water storage capacity
soil pH
Opis:
During the last years an alarming dieback has occurred in 20 to 40 years old first-rotation pine stands (Pinus sylvestris L.) on mine sites, caused by the white rot fungus Heterobasidion annosum (Fr.) Bref. First thinning opens the infection path so that up to now 30 to 89 % of afforestations in different mining areas are affected. Infestation risk increases with rising pH of the top soil (0-30 cm). The mean pH(H2O) of the infestation foci is 6.2, whereas it is below 5.0 in uninfected stands. Common practise of lime amelioration speeds up the infection. Furthermore, soil water availability (PAWC) has a significant impact on the course of disease. The plant available water (0-100 cm soil depth) of dieback gaps is about 80 mm. In contrast, the water storage capacity of unin-fected reference plots falls below 50 mm.
W ostatnich latach wystąpiło niepokojące zjawisko zamierania 20-40 letnich sosen (Pinus sylvestris L.) pierwszej rotacji na terenach pokopalnianych, spowodowane przez korzeniowca wieloletniego (Heterobasidion annosum (Fr.) Bref.). Pierwsze przerzedzenie otwiera drogę zakażenia tak, że do tej pory objęło ono od 30 do 89% zadrzewień na różnych obszarach pogórniczych. Odnotowano wzrost ryzyka infekcji wraz ze wzrostem odczynu powierzchniowego poziomu gleb (0-30 cm). Średnia pH(H2O) z ognisk zakażenia to 6,2, podczas gdy na powierzchniach niezakażonych wyniosła poniżej 5,0. Powszechną praktyką zahamowania tempa zakażenia jest wapnowanie gleb. Ponadto, na przebieg choroby znaczący wpływ wywiera dostępność wody w glebie (PAWC). Dostępna woda dla roślin (0-100 cm gł.) na obszarach zamierania to ok. 80 mm. W przeciwieństwie, na obszarach nie zainfekowanych zdolność zatrzymywania wody spada poniżej 50 mm.
Źródło:
Civil and Environmental Engineering Reports; 2010, 4; 35-45
2080-5187
2450-8594
Pojawia się w:
Civil and Environmental Engineering Reports
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Pierwsze dane o występowaniu Phytophthora cinnamomi na dębie szypułkowym w Polsce
Autorzy:
Oszako, T.
Orlikowski, L.B.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1022039.pdf
Data publikacji:
2005
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
wystepowanie
grzyby
czynniki chorobotworcze
Phytophthora cinnamomi
Quercus robur
lesnictwo
dab szypulkowy
siewki
drzewa lesne
fitopatologia lesna
isolation
phytophthora cinnamomi
oak decline
dieback spots
colonisation
Opis:
Phytophthora cinnamomi was isolated from nurseries and in the stand. Declining pedonculate seedlings and adult oaks Quercus robur L showed disease symptoms. Affected seedlings were dying as quick as severe damage of root system occurred. Infected trees showed dieback of crowns and characteristic dark exudation on stems. Beneath the bark necrosis of bast tissue was observed. Apart of P. cinnamomi such fungal pathogens as Fusarium avenaceum and F. oxysporum were isolated from diseased plants. The number of obtained isolates of P. cinnamomi could be probably higher if they were not quickly overgrown by Mucor, Chaetomium and Trichoderma spp. Isolates of P. cinnamomi from oak, pine and spruce cause stem rot of oak seedlings and necrosis spread about 8,5−10,4 mm/24 hr. On infected parts of oak the fastest spread was observed on roots and the slowest on leaf blades.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2005, 149, 10; 47-53
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Rozprzestrzenienie grzyba Chalara fraxinea w aspekcie procesu chorobowego jesionu w Polsce
Expanse of Chalara fraxinea fungus in terms of ash dieback in Poland
Autorzy:
Kowalski, T.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1009704.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
wystepowanie
grzyby
czynniki chorobotworcze
rozprzestrzenianie sie grzybow
jesion wyniosly
Chalara fraxinea
Fraxinus excelsior
lesnictwo
drzewa lesne
fitopatologia lesna
chalara fraxinea
fraxinus excelsior
dieback
Opis:
Paper presents the results of the research performed in years 2000−2008 on the occurrence of Chalara fraxinea fungus on ashes with dieback symptoms. Abundance of that species was observed on ashes in all analysed forest districts and national parks. Different frequency of infection of various Fraxinus excelsior organs and tissues was pointed out.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2009, 153, 10; 668-674
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Ocena stanu zdrowotnego drzewostanów sosnowych po gradacji ochojnika sosnowego (Pineus pini L.) w nadleśnictwach Łuków i Ostrów Mazowiecka
Assessment of the health condition of pine stands following the pine woolly aphid [Pineus pini L.] outbreak in the Lukow and Ostrow Mazowiecka Forest Districts
Autorzy:
Wojtan, R.
Bystrowski, C.
Tomusiak, R.
Zasada, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1018321.pdf
Data publikacji:
2006
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
drzewostany sosnowe
szkodniki roslin
stan zdrowotny lasu
Pineus pini
ochojnik sosnowy
lesnictwo
gradacja
tree dieback
defoliation
vitality
synthetic index of damage
pinus sylvestris
pineus pini
Opis:
There has been a massive occurrence of aphids observed in 2001 in many Scots pine stands of the Mazovia region. This pest has been later identified as pine woolly aphid (Pineus pini L.). The result of the pest's feeding was a significant tree defoliation reaching even 80%. The article presents results of the tree health condition assessment performed in the attacked stands three years after a maximum intensity of the pine woolly aphid occurrence.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2006, 150, 08; 11-19
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Stan zdrowotny drzewostanów jesionowych (Fraxinus excelsior L.) Nadleśnictwa Mircze
Health condition of ash stands (Fraxinus excelsior L.) in Mircze Forest District
Autorzy:
Dmyterko, E.
Wojtan, R.
Bruchwald, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1024293.pdf
Data publikacji:
2003
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
defoliacja
Nadlesnictwo Mircze
drzewostany jesionowe
jesion wyniosly
stan zdrowotny lasu
zywotnosc
stan zdrowotny drzew
Fraxinus excelsior
lesnictwo
drzewa lesne
tree dieback
defoliation
vitality
synthetic index of damage
fraxinus excelsior
Opis:
For several years, Poland has been facing the dieback of ash stands. The paper describes this phenomenon on the example of stands in the Mircze Forest District situated in the eastern regions of the country. The damage to these stands was assessed using a „stand method” that distinguishes three variants based on crown defoliation, vitality and synthetic index of tree damage being a combination of the first two criteria. Study results confirmed the poor health condition of ash stands in the Mircze Forest District.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2003, 147, 12; 9-18
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Zamieranie jesionu - aspekty taksonomiczne sprawcy choroby
Ash dieback - taxonomical aspects of the disease causal agent
Autorzy:
Kowalski, T.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1006690.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
fitopatologia lesna
drzewa lesne
jesion wyniosly
Fraxinus excelsior
zamieranie drzew
czynniki chorobotworcze
grzyby
Chalara fraxinea
Hymenoscyphus albidus
Hymenoscyphus pseudoalbidus
hymenoscyphus albidus
h. pseudoalbidus
chalara fraxinea
fraxinus excelsior
dieback
Opis:
The paper presents recent results of the research on the main causal agent of ash dieback, previously known to occur only in the anamorphic stage as Chalara fraxinea. The presented research enabled to detect the presence of two fungal species on ashes: Hymenoscyphus pseudoalbidus and H. albidus s. str. Their morphological characteristics, life cycle and causal relationship between the fungi and ash dieback were also discussed.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2012, 156, 04; 262-269
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Grzyby wielkoowocnikowe stwierdzone na olszy czarnej Alnus glutinosa (L.) Gaertn. w drzewostanach olszowych wykazujących objawy zamierania
Macrofungi found on black alder Alnus glutinosa (L.) Gaertn. in alder stands showing signs of a dieback
Autorzy:
Piętka, J.
Grzywacz, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/985840.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
lesnictwo
fitopatologia lesna
olsza czarna
Alnus glutinosa
grzyby wielkoowocnikowe
Xanthoporia radiata
Stereum hirsutum
Daedaleopsis confragosa
Armillaria
Stereum subtomentosum
wystepowanie
drzewostany olszowe
zamieranie lasow
lignicolous fungi
stands dieback
armillaria root disease
Opis:
Black alder Alnus glutinosa (L.) Gaertn. is an important forest−forming species in Poland, with more than 5% participation in the species structure. It is a typical lowland species, especially in the river valleys, on the banks of the lakes and in the land depressions. It is one of the main species in the following habitats: boggy mixed broadleaved forest, alder and alder−ash forest, riparian forest and moist broadleaved forest. As a valuable admixture alder is introduced in the habitat of boggy coniferous forest and boggy broadleaved forest. Until recently black alder was considered in Poland as a species with a very low level of danger from the pests and diseases. The situation changed at the turn of the centuries, when the deterioration of the health status of the alder stands began, which led locally to the mass dieback of the trees, mainly in the stands which are over 20 years old. In the following years, the phenomenon was intensified. The largest number of such stands was recorded in 2006. The strongest deterioration of health condition of the trees was observed in five regional directorates of the State Forests: Białystok, Lublin, Torun, Wrocław and Olsztyn. The study gives information on lignicolous fungi found on black alder in 62 alder stands, which exhibited the most severe signs of the dieback. The research was conducted in 14 forest districts and in Poleski National Park (fig.). The surveys revealed the presence of 49 taxa of the lignicolous fungi (44 Basidiomycota and 5 Ascomycota). The most common species were Xanthoporia radiata, Stereum hirsutum, Daedaleopsis confragosa, Armillaria spp. as well as S. subtomentosum (tab. 2). The disease contributing to the local dieback of black alder in the stands (mainly in the Lublin Regional Directorate of the State Forests) is the root rot caused by Armillaria species. Many species of lignicolous fungi (e.g. Fomes fomentarius, Fomitopsis pinicola, Ganoderma applanatum) penetrate into previously weakened trees, causing decay of wood, which can accelerate the dying of single trees.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2018, 162, 01; 22-31
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Występowanie i proces rozprzestrzeniania się Chalara fraxinea na jesionie wyniosłym (Fraxinus excelsior L.) na terenie wybranych krajów Europy Północnej
Occurrence and spread of Chalara fraxinea on common ash (Fraxinus excelsior L.) in the selected countries of Northern Europe
Autorzy:
Turczański, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/989540.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
lesnictwo
drzewa lesne
jesion wyniosly
Fraxinus excelsior
zamieranie drzew
czynniki chorobotworcze
grzyby
Chalara fraxinea
wystepowanie
rozprzestrzenianie sie chorob
Wielka Brytania
Irlandia
Dania
Szwecja
ash dieback
united kingdom
ireland
denmark
sweden
Opis:
Dieback of common ash is a worrying phenomenon that emerged in the early 1990s. The first symptoms were observed in 1992 in Poland. In 1996 the plague appeared in Lithuania, followed by Germany, Denmark, Czech Republic, Austria, Slovenia, Sweden and France (2002−2009), to finally reach the British Isles in 2012. At the beginning it was said about the disease of ash, but a few years later it became the issue of ash dieback. Despite many research and the cause identification, the problem still exists. The aim of article is to show the overall picture and the prior knowledge of the phenomenon on the example of four Northern European countries: Great Britain, Ireland, Denmark and Sweden. Considerations were mainly focused on the UK and Ireland, which because of the insular location are an area of slower spread of the Chalara fraxinea – fungus considered to be the one of the main factors responsible for ash disease. Moreover, the selection is determined by the weather and habitat conditions where the described species have their optimum range. To the contrast, Denmark and Sweden were mentioned also. The described species has a much worse state of health in that countries. In order to describe the current state of the spread of ash dieback, we selected official documents and factsheets available on the government websites. In case of described countries, quick response and proper identification of the cause of ash dieback allowed to take appropriate steps to fight Chalara fraxinea before the disease has spread in the local population. Appropriate government regulation, cooperation with local forest owners, education and action plans at the moment seems to function properly especially in Great Britain and Ireland. Quite other conditions are in the countries of the continental Europe, including Poland, Lithuania, Denmark and Sweden, where the fungus had made quite large losses in stands of common ash long before it was determined the main cause of this phenomenon. Undoubtedly a huge role in the rapid spread of the pathogen has a geographical location and quick response on the disease.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2016, 160, 07; 539-546
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
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