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Tytuł:
A method for the determination of spatial electron density distribution in great Plasma-Focus devices
Autorzy:
Kasperczuk, A.
Paduch, M.
Pisarczyk, T.
Tomaszewski, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/147148.pdf
Data publikacji:
2002
Wydawca:
Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Tematy:
bremsstrahlung radiation
electron density distribution
frame optical camera
plasma-focus device
plasma radiation intensity
shadowgraphy
Opis:
Determination of the electron density of plasma generated in a great plasma-focus device by means of interferometry is very difficult or sometimes impossible. In order to determine spatial electron density distributions of plasma in a PF-1000 device, a special method was prepared, with the use of plasma images obtained by means of both an optical frame camera and shadowgraphy. Analysis of plasma radiation in the very narrow Äë = 60 Ĺ optical range allowed us to determine the relation between intensity of the plasma radiation and the electron density. It was also shown that the influence of electron temperature on plasma radiation is not large. The presented method allowed us to obtain spatial electron density distributions of plasma (in relative units) in the PF-1000 device. By means of this method a number of important information about the plasma-focus phenomenon was obtained.
Źródło:
Nukleonika; 2002, 47, 1; 23-26
0029-5922
1508-5791
Pojawia się w:
Nukleonika
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A Modified Penetration Model for Copper-Tungsten Shaped Charge Jets with Non-uniform Density Distribution
Autorzy:
Elshenawy, T.
Elbeih, A.
Li, Q. M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/358894.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Przemysłu Organicznego
Tematy:
shaped charge
jet penetration
virtual origin
non-uniform density distribution
Opis:
The penetration of a shaped charge jet with non-uniform density distribution was studied. The virtual origin model, which assumes a constant jet density, was modified to include the situation where the jet density deficit/reduction of an un-sintered copper-tungsten powder jet causes a non-uniform jet density distribution. A relation between the relative density ratio and the normalised jet velocity is proposed, based on which an analytical solution of the modified virtual origin model is obtained. The validity of the modified virtual origin model was demonstrated by its largely improved prediction in comparison with experimental and numerical results. It showed that the density reduction term reduces the penetration depth by 16.58% for an un-sintered copper-tungsten powder jet.
Źródło:
Central European Journal of Energetic Materials; 2016, 13, 4; 927-943
1733-7178
Pojawia się w:
Central European Journal of Energetic Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Acoustic information applied to 4D environmental studies in the Baltic
Autorzy:
Orlowski, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/47526.pdf
Data publikacji:
2006
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
Tematy:
biomass density
fishery science
abiotic factor
environmental factor
environment
Baltic Sea
biotic factor
marine ecosystem
fish distribution
Opis:
Since 1981, acoustic information collected in the form of calibrated measurements of integrated echo energy has been applied at the Sea Fisheries Institute to observe the relationships between fish distribution and environmental factors. Data gathered in different seasons for each elementary distance unit (EDSU) at standardised depth intervals were compared to the values of selected environmental parameters measured in parallel. Acoustic, biological and hydrological data were correlated in space and transferred to the complex database, enabling 4D analysis of numerous factors characterising a wide range of fish behaviour. A number of methods and standards of comparisons are described to explain how to improve understanding of the relationship between 3D spatial environmental gradients and fish distributions. The results of various case studies, including the influence of hydrologic and seabed characterising factors, illustrate the practical application and validity of the methods. Particular attention is given to indicators of the dependence of local fish biomass density on the temperature structure in the sea.
Źródło:
Oceanologia; 2006, 48, 4
0078-3234
Pojawia się w:
Oceanologia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
An analytical model to predict water retention curves for granular materials using the grain-size distribution curve
Autorzy:
Bouacida, Linda
Feia, Sadok
Denine, Sid Ali
Della, Noureddine
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2172891.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
sand
mean grain size
mean pore size
density index
model
pore size distribution
water retention curve
Opis:
The present work aims to propose a new analytical model intended to predict the water retention curves for granular materials based on data from tensiometric tests. Different analytical models have been used for the evaluation of soil water retention curves so far. It should be noted that the proposed model considers only one criterion in the selection of soils. This criterion is the physical property of particle distribution curve that can be used to determine the values of D50 and CU. In this study, the pore-access size distribution is investigated considering the effect of the coefficient of uniformity of sandy soils that were prepared with different density indexes (0.5, 0.7, and 0.9). Moreover, the proposed model equation is based on the physical properties of soil. This equation made it possible to describe the water retention curve and to estimate the pore-access size distribution without performing any experimental tests. The findings allowed asserting that the uniformity of the particle size curves corresponds to a good uniformity of the pore-access size distribution. In addition, it was revealed that the suction increased as the density index went up, which matches well with the experimental data. Moreover, it may clearly be noted that the distinctive retention properties of unsaturated soils can be observed on the above-mentioned curves. Further, it was found that the ratio of the grain size over the pore-access size increased as the uniformity coefficient augmented.
Źródło:
Studia Geotechnica et Mechanica; 2022, 44, 4; 354--369
0137-6365
2083-831X
Pojawia się w:
Studia Geotechnica et Mechanica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Analiza rozkładu ciśnienia na powierzchni prostopadłościanu w zależności od kąta natarcia wiatru i struktury wiatru
The analysis of pressure distribution on the rectangular cylinder with regard to the wind attack angles and to the wind structures
Autorzy:
Lipecki, T
Bęc, J
Błazik-Borowa, E
Szulej, J
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/362675.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Instytut Fizyki Budowli Katarzyna i Piotr Klemm
Tematy:
tunel aerodynamiczny
rozkład ciśnienia
skaner ciśnienia
gęstość widmowa mocy
profil wiatru
wind tunnel
pressure distribution
pressure scanner
spectral density
wind profile
Opis:
W pracy przedstawiono wyniki pomiarów rozkładu ciśnienia na powierzchni prostopadłościanu przy sześciu rodzajach napływów oraz siedmiu kątach natarcia wiatru. Przeprowadzono analizę wpływu wymienionych parametrów na efekt działania wiatru na budowle o takim kształcie.
The measurement results of the pressure distribution on the rectangular cylinder for six structures of the flow and seven angles of wind attack are presented in the paper. The authors have carried out the influence analysis of the flow parameters on the wind action on the buildings.
Źródło:
Fizyka Budowli w Teorii i Praktyce; 2011, T. 6, nr 3, 3; 49-54
1734-4891
Pojawia się w:
Fizyka Budowli w Teorii i Praktyce
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Analysis of a Simple Method of CMOS IC Design for Yield Optimization
Autorzy:
Tomaszewski, D.
Yakupov, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/397989.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Politechnika Łódzka. Wydział Mikroelektroniki i Informatyki
Tematy:
CMOS
projektowanie pod kątem zysku
funkcja gęstości prawdopodobieństwa
dystrybuanta
modelowanie statystyczne
BPV
symulacja SPICE
design centering
design for yield
probability density function
cumulative distribution function
statistical modeling
BPV method
SPICE simulation
Opis:
A simple approach for CMOS integrated circuit (IC) design taking into account a process variability and oriented towards optimization of a parametric yield has been presented. Its concept is based on cumulative distribution functions of random variables representing IC performances subject to process variations. In the method it has been assumed that CMOS process statistical data are expressed in terms of so-called process parameter distributions. Thus the design centering is done via layout parameter tuning. The approach relies on maximizing the probability that random variables corresponding to IC performances remain within the performance boundaries. Also, a methodology for statistical characterization of CMOS process has been briefly described. Finally, the method operation has been illustrated using analytical and SPICE models of CMOS inverter, operational amplifier and ring oscillator.
Źródło:
International Journal of Microelectronics and Computer Science; 2012, 3, 3; 81-87
2080-8755
2353-9607
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Microelectronics and Computer Science
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Analysis of the distribution and density of measurement points in terms of terrain modelling
Autorzy:
Gradka, R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/100653.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Rolniczy im. Hugona Kołłątaja w Krakowie
Tematy:
DTM
distribution
density
GRID
ordinary kriging
dystrybucja
gęstość
Opis:
For the implementation of direct measurements, proper understanding of the existing relationships and spatial variability, and at later stages, for obtaining reliable results of geostatistical analysis, adequate planning network measurement and correct placement of, and/or the evaluation of the number of measurement points in the measurement network are not the only necessary conditions. Another key prerequisite is choosing the right model for creating a DTM, which depends on the shape of the terrain. Correct spatial sampling should provide much information on the spatial distribution of the studied variable in an area, at minimal cost and with minimal effort. Faithful reproduction of the land surface that reflects any of the characteristics of the environment is not possible through DTM, due to a number of restrictions, manifesting themselves in the form and size of the data set; due to time and economic constraints; and also because the full complexity of the terrain’s surface cannot be measured or expressed. The present work undertakes to analyse the density and distribution of measuring points on four areas that have specific characteristics in common, yet they remain different in terms of surfaces, height differences, as well as their complexity. After selecting the research areas, these were designed and laid out in a grid with the shape of rectangles that were similar in structure to the GRID model. The data were analysed using geostatistical interpolation by ordinary kriging, in order to conduct a proper analysis of the distribution and density of the measuring points, to calculate the surface properties of a particular point, and in order to attempt to reduce the workload and cost factor.
Źródło:
Geomatics, Landmanagement and Landscape; 2017, 3; 35-45
2300-1496
Pojawia się w:
Geomatics, Landmanagement and Landscape
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Analytical forms of deuteron wave function and density distribution
Autorzy:
Zhaba, V. I.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1177883.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
Tematy:
analytic form
approximation
density distribution
deuteron
transition density
wave function
Opis:
Values of density distribution and transition density are calculated using the obtained coefficients of four deuteron wave function for analytical forms in coordinate representation for Argonne v18 potential. Calculations of these values can serve for an assessment of a correctness and accuracy of choice of an analytical form at concrete approximation of radial deuteron wave function. Also these calculations help to evaluate information on such characteristics of a deuteron as a charge form factor, tensor polarization and momentum distribution.
Źródło:
World Scientific News; 2018, 98; 206-213
2392-2192
Pojawia się w:
World Scientific News
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Anisotropic charged stars with quadratic equation state
Autorzy:
Malaver, Manuel
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1178297.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
Tematy:
Anisotropic charged matter distribution; compact stellar objects; energy density; quadratic equation of state
Opis:
In this paper, we present a new model of static spherically symmetric relativistic compact stellar objects with anisotropic charged matter distribution and quadratic equation of state together with a prescribed form for the gravitational potential Z used by Bhar and Murad (2016). A graphical analysis of the physical properties indicate indicates that the new model well behaved and not admit singularities in the matter and the charge density.
Źródło:
World Scientific News; 2017, 86, 3; 333-344
2392-2192
Pojawia się w:
World Scientific News
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Aproksymacja rozkładów pierśnic drzew w dwugeneracyjnych drzewostanach za pomocą rozkładów mieszanych. III. Estymatory jądrowe a rozkłady mieszane
Approximation of the breast height diameter distribution of two-cohort stands by mixture models. III. Kernel density estimators vs mixture models
Autorzy:
Podlaski, R.
Roesch, F.A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/990995.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
Tematy:
lesnictwo
drzewostany dwupokoleniowe
rozklad piersnic
aproksymacja
rozklad mieszany
rozklad Weibulla
estymatory jadrowe nieparametryczne
two−component models
kernel density estimator
tree diameter distribution
monte carlo simulation
Opis:
Two−component mixtures of either the Weibull distribution or the gamma distribution and the kernel density estimator were used for describing the diameter at breast height (dbh) empirical distributions of two−cohort stands. The data consisted of study plots from the Świętokrzyski National Park (central Poland) and areas close to and including the North Carolina section of the Great Smoky Mountains National Park (USA; southern Appalachians). Kernel density estimators belong to a class of nonparametric density estimators. Nonparametric estimators have no fixed structure and depend upon all the data points to reach an estimate. In this study the Weibull and the gamma mixture distributions were the most versatile models. The results also support the conclusion that there are only minor differences between the parametric models and the kernel density estimates.
Źródło:
Sylwan; 2014, 158, 06; 414-422
0039-7660
Pojawia się w:
Sylwan
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Assessment of coal mineral matter liberation efficiency index
Ocena stopnia uwolnienia frakcji mineralnej węgla
Autorzy:
Surowiak, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/319165.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Przeróbki Kopalin
Tematy:
liberation efficiency
hard coal
particle size distribution
particle density distribution
stopień uwolnienia
węgiel kamienny
skład ziarnowy
skład densymetryczny
Opis:
The main tool allowing to forecast effects of gravitational beneficiation of hard coals is density analysis. The obtained results of such analysis should show real minerals liberation level in connection with their physical properties. In purpose of calculating mineral phase liberation from hard coal the size and density analysis was performed for raw hard coal which was feed directed to mineral processing. For each obtained size-density fraction its yield and ash contents were determined. The Hall’s separation curve was used in the paper to evaluate liberation efficiency of mineral phase from hard coal. The advantage of this curve is the fact that it is possible to describe it mathematically by means of hyperbolic equation. It was stated that if particle size is lower the liberation level of mineral substance grows.
Podstawowym narzędziem pozwalającym prognozować efekty wzbogacania grawitacyjnego węgli kamiennych jest analiza densymetryczna. W związku z tym otrzymane wyniki takiej analizy powinny odzwierciedlać rzeczywisty stopień uwolnienia minerałów w powiązaniu z ich właściwości fizycznymi. W celu wyliczenia uwolnienia fazy mineralnej z węgla kamiennego wykonano analizę granulometryczną i densymetryczną surowego węgla kamiennego – nadawy kierowanej do przeróbki mechanicznej. W otrzymanych klaso-frakcjach wyliczono wychody oraz oznaczono zawartość popiołu. W artykule wykorzystano krzywą separacji Halla do oceny stopnia uwolnienia frakcji mineralnej z węgla kamiennego. Zaletą krzywej separacji Halla jest to, że można ją opisać w sposób matematyczny przy pomocy równania hiperboli. Stwierdzono, że ze wraz z zmniejszaniem się wielkości ziaren wzrasta stopień uwolnienia substancji mineralnej.
Źródło:
Inżynieria Mineralna; 2013, R. 14, nr 2, 2; 153-158
1640-4920
Pojawia się w:
Inżynieria Mineralna
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Badania rozkładu ciśnienia na powierzchni walca w zależności od struktury wiatru
The research of pressure distributions on the circular cylinder with regard to the wind structure
Autorzy:
Lipecki, T
Bęc, J
Błazik-Borowa, E
Szulej, J
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/363004.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Instytut Fizyki Budowli Katarzyna i Piotr Klemm
Tematy:
tunel aerodynamiczny
rozkład ciśnienia
skaner ciśnienia
gęstość widmowa mocy
profil wiatru
wind tunnel
pressure distribution
pressure scanner
spectral density
wind profile
Opis:
W pracy przedstawiono wyniki pomiarów rozkładu ciśnienia na powierzchni walca przy sześciu rodzajach napływów. W pracy wykazano m.in. znaczny wpływ kształtu wykresu gęstości widmowej mocy na obciążenie wiatrem budowli, które mogą być modelowane jako taka bryła.
The paper deals with measurements of a pressure distribution on circular cylinder for six types of the inflow. It is shown that the shape of power spectral density function significantly influences the wind action on buildings which may be modeled as such body.
Źródło:
Fizyka Budowli w Teorii i Praktyce; 2011, T. 6, nr 4, 4; 43-48
1734-4891
Pojawia się w:
Fizyka Budowli w Teorii i Praktyce
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Badania rozkładu gęstości elektronowej w kryształach, czyli jak zobaczyć szczegóły struktury elektronowej cząsteczek
Electron density distribution in crystals or how to see the details of the electronic structure of molecules
Autorzy:
Kubicki, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/171566.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Chemiczne
Tematy:
rozkład gęstości elektronowej
model multipolowy
oddziaływania międzycząsteczkowe
pochodne 4-nitroimidazolu
electron density distribution
multipolar model
intermolecular interactions
4-nitroimidazole derivatives
Opis:
X-ray structural analysis might be regarded as a method of visualizing molecules as they appear in the crystals. The model, which is conventionally and universally used in this method, the Independent Atom Model (IAM) assumes that the electron density distribution, which scatters the X-rays is built of the spherically-symmetrical, neutral atoms. This model is responsible for the unprecedented success of X-ray structural analysis, which reflects in about one million crystal structures (i.e. the sets coordinates of the atoms constituting the molecules) deposited in the various databanks (cf. Fig. 1), and in the speed and accuracy which the method has reached. In principle, in few hours one can get the complete information about the crystal structure. But this success is accompanied by negligence of the scientific virtue hidden beyond the IAM. In fact, it was known from the very beginning of the X-ray diffraction studies by von Laue and Braggs, that some fine details of the electron density distribution should be available. The technological advance (four-circle diffractometers, powerful X-ray sources, fast computers etc.) caused that in 1960’s the time was ripe for the development of the experimental studies of details of electron density distribution in the crystals, beyond the IAM. The early experiments by Coppens and co-workers proved that this information – about the electron density transferred to the covalent bonds, lone pairs, even intermolecular interactions – can actually be obtained and analyzed (Fig. 2). The need for the model which could be used in the least-squares procedure led to the formulation of so-called pseudoatom models, including the most popular till now, Hansen-Coppens model (eq. 2) in which the aspherical part is described in terms of real spherical harmonics. In this paper, the basics of the electron density studies is described in some detail, including the step-by-step description of a typical procedure from the experiment to the final steps of refinement. An example of the analysis of the high-resolution structure of 1,2-dimethyl-4-nitro-5-morpholine-imidazole hydrate is used to show an application of this method in studying the intermolecular interactions, including weak C-H···O and C-H···N hydrogen bonds. It is shown that the multipolar model is able to deliver more informations than the promolecular model with spherically symmetrical electron distributions.
Źródło:
Wiadomości Chemiczne; 2014, 68, 5-6; 403-427
0043-5104
2300-0295
Pojawia się w:
Wiadomości Chemiczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Binary Classification of Heart Failures Using k-NN with Various Distance Metrics
Autorzy:
Udovychenko, Y.
Popov, A.
Chaikovsky, I.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/226330.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
magnetocardiography
current density imaging
current density distribution map
k-NN classification
negative Tpeak
heart failure diagnostics
Mahalanobis distance
Cityblock distance
Eucleadian distance
Chebyshev distance
Opis:
Magnetocardiography is a sensitive technique of measuring low magnetic fields generated by heart functioning, which is used for diagnostics of large number of cardiovascular diseases. In this paper, k-nearest neighbor (k-NN) technique is used for binary classification of myocardium current density distribution maps (CDDM) from patients with negative T-peak, male and female patients with microvessels (diffuse) abnormalities and sportsmen, which are compared with normal control subjects. Number of neighbors for k-NN classifier was selected to obtain highest classification characteristics. Specificity, accuracy, precision and sensitivity of classification as functions of number of neighbors in k-NN are obtained for classification with several distance measures: Mahalanobis, Cityblock, Eucleadian and Chebyshev. Increase of the accuracy of classification for all groups up to 10% was obtained using Cityblock distance metric in binary k-NN classifier with 19 - 27 neighbors, comparing to other metrics. Obtained results are acceptable for further patient’s state evaluation.
Źródło:
International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications; 2015, 61, 4; 339-344
2300-1933
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Changes in pore size distribution and aggregate stability of two soils under long term tillage systems
Autorzy:
Pranagal, J.
Lipiec, J.
Domzal, H.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/25263.pdf
Data publikacji:
2005
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Agrofizyki PAN
Tematy:
bulk density
long-term tillage system
pore size
change
soil
distribution
aggregate stability
tillage system
Źródło:
International Agrophysics; 2005, 19, 2
0236-8722
Pojawia się w:
International Agrophysics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
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