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Tytuł:
Modeling the propagation of ultrasonic guided waves in a composite plate by a spectral approximation method
Autorzy:
Zitouni, Ismaine
Rhimini, Hassan
Chouaf, Abdelkerim
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/38896621.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Instytut Podstawowych Problemów Techniki PAN
Tematy:
guided waves
spectral method
dispersion curves
graphite epoxy composite
acoustic power
normalized displacement.
Opis:
Graphite-epoxy composites have been able to meet the multiple requirements of the space industry. However, the radiation from the spatial environment and non-perfect adhesion between the fibers and the matrix can lead to the appearance of imperfections. To handle this, we use non-destructive testing by ultrasonic guided waves known for its high accuracy in detecting defects. In this article, we study the propagation of ultrasonic guided waves in a graphite-epoxy composite plate by the spectral method. First, the mathematical formalism is explained for modeling guided waves in the composite material. Next, we plot the dispersion curves of the composite plate in different orientations of the fibers with a MATLAB program and the results are compared with those of the DISPERSE software. These give us information on the modes that propagate in the structure. We elaborate and explain a technique based on displacement symmetry to distinguish between the different modes. A discussion based on time-saving and accuracy is established to show the advantages of the method. The second part of our paper consists in giving a physical meaning to the spectral displacements normalized in amplitude. We propose to normalize the spectral eigenvectors by the acoustic power. We plot the displacement and stress profiles of the guided modes and we compare our results to the analytical ones. Perfect correspondence is found, indicating the accuracy of the approach developed. In addition, a study of the vibrational state in the composite plate is established for Lamb and horizontal shear modes at a specific frequency.
Źródło:
Engineering Transactions; 2023, 71, 2; 213-227
0867-888X
Pojawia się w:
Engineering Transactions
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Genetic algorithm coupled with Bézier curves applied to the magnetic field on a solenoid axis synthesis
Autorzy:
Ziolkowski, M.
Gratkowski, S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/141616.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
Bézier curves
genetic algorithms
magnetic field synthesis
nonlinear inverse
problems
Opis:
Electromagnetic arrangements which create a magnetic field of required distribution and magnitude are widely used in electrical engineering. Development of new accurate designing methods is still a valid topic of technical investigations. From the theoretical point of view the problem belongs to magnetic fields synthesis theory. This paper discusses a problem of designing a shape of a solenoid which produces a uniform magnetic field on its axis. The method of finding an optimal shape is based on a genetic algorithm (GA) coupled with Bézier curves.
Źródło:
Archives of Electrical Engineering; 2016, 65, 2; 361-370
1427-4221
2300-2506
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Electrical Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wave propagation in piezoelectric rings with rectangular cross-sections
Autorzy:
Zhang, X.
Wang, Y.
Chen, H.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/279995.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Mechaniki Teoretycznej i Stosowanej
Tematy:
piezoelectric rings
orthogonal polynomial
guided wave
dispersion curves
Opis:
The ring ultrasonic transducers are widely used in the ocean engineering and medical fields. This paper employs an extended orthogonal polynomial approach to solve the guided wave propagation in two-dimensional structures, i.e. piezoelectric rings with rectangular cross- -sections. The extended polynomial approach can overcome the drawbacks of the conven- tional orthogonal polynomial approach which can be used to solve wave propagation in one-dimensional structures. Through numerical comparison with the available results for a rectangular aluminum bar, the validity of the present approach is illustrated. The dispersion curves and displacement and electric potential distributions of various rectangular piezo- electric rings are calculated, and the effects of different radius to thickness ratios, width to height ratios and polarizing directions on the dispersion curves are illustrated.
Źródło:
Journal of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics; 2015, 53, 3; 673-682
1429-2955
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Modelling of the shape of railway transition curves from the point of view of passenger comfort
Autorzy:
Zboiński, Krzysztof
Woźnica, Piotr
Bolzhelarskyi, Yaroslav
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2067405.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
high-speed rail lines
railway transition curves
passenger comfort
computer simulation
optimisation
pociągi dużych prędkości
kolejowe krzywe przejściowe
pasażer
symulacja komputerowa
optymalizacja
Opis:
In the past, railway transition curves were not used. Instead of it, a simple connection of the straight track and circular arc was applied. Nowadays, such simplicity is not allowed due to the increasing vehicle operating velocities. It is mainly visible in the high-speed train lines, where long curves are used. The article aims to develop a new shape of railway transition curves for which passenger travel comfort will be as high as possible. Considerations in this paper concern the polynomials of 9th- and 11th-degrees, which were adopted to the mathematical model of the mentioned shape of curves. The study's authors applied a 2-axle rail vehicle model combined with mathematically understood optimisation methods. The advanced vehicle model can better assign the dynamical properties of railway transition curves to freight and passenger vehicles. The mentioned model was adopted to simulate rail vehicle movement in both cases of the shape of transition curves and the shape of circular arc (for comparison of the results). Passenger comfort, described by European Standard EN 12299, was used as the assessment criterion. The work showed that the method using the 2-axle railway vehicle model combined with mathematically understood optimisation works correctly, and the optimisation of the transition curve shape is possible. The current study showed that the 3rd-degree parabola (the shape of the curve traditionally used in railway engineering) is not always the optimum shape. In many cases (especially for the long curves), the optimum shape of curves is between the standard transition curves and the linear curvature of the 3rd-degree parabola. The new shapes of the railway transition curves obtained when the passenger comfort is taken into account result in new railway transition curves shapes. In the authors' opinion, the results presented in the current work are a novelty in optimisation and the properties assessment of railway transition curves.
Źródło:
Archives of Transport; 2021, 60, 4; 205--217
0866-9546
2300-8830
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Transport
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Optimisation of polynomial railway transition curves of even degrees
Autorzy:
Zboiński, K.
Woźnica, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/223506.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
railway
transition curves
polynomial
computer simulation
optimization
pojazd szynowy
krzywa przejściowa
kolejowe krzywe przejściowe
wielomian
symulacja komputerowa
optymalizacja
Opis:
This paper represents new results obtained by its authors while searching for the proper shape of polynomial railway transition curves (TCs). The search for the proper shape means the evaluation of the curve properties based on chosen dynamical quantities and generation of such shape with use of mathematically understood optimisation methods. The studies presented now and in the past always had got a character of the numerical tests. For needs of this work advanced vehicle model, dynamical track-vehicle and vehicle-passenger interactions, and optimisation methods were exploited. In this software complete rail vehicle model of 2-axle freight car, the track discrete model, and non-linear description on wheel-rail contact are used. That part of the software, being vehicle simulation software, is combined with library optimisation procedures into the final computer programme. The main difference between this and previous papers by the authors are the degrees of examinated polynomials. Previously they tested polynomial curves of odd degrees, now they focus on TCs of 6th, 8th and 10th degrees with and without curvature and superelevation ramp tangence in the TC’s terminal points. Possibility to take account of fundamental demands (corresponding values of curvature in terminal points) concerning TC should be preserved. Results of optimisation are compared both among themselves and with 3rd degree parabola. The aim of present article is to find the polynomial TCs’ optimum shapes which are determined by the possible polynomial configurations. Only one dynamical quantities being the results of simulation of railway vehicle advanced model is exploited in the determination of quality function (QF1). This is: minimum of integral of vehicle body lateral acceleration.
Źródło:
Archives of Transport; 2015, 35, 3; 71-86
0866-9546
2300-8830
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Transport
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Optimisation of the railway transition curves shape with use of vehicle-track dynamical model
Optymalizacja kształtu kolejowych krzywych przejściowych z użyciem modelu dynamicznego pojazd-tor
Autorzy:
Zboiński, K.
Woźnica, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/224311.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
kolejowe krzywe przejściowe
optymalizacja
pojazd-tor
model dynamiczny
optimisation
numerical simulation
transition curves
railway vehicle dynamics
vehicle-track interactions
Opis:
The concept and the method by present authors of searching for proper shape of transition curves are described in present paper. Short literature survey provides a background for such description. In the concept and method the advanced dynamical model of vehicle-track system, capable of simulation, and mathematically understood optimisation methods are exploited. Polynomial transition curve of any order can be optimised with the method proposed. Components of angular velocity and acceleration of transportation are presented for such curve in the paper. Thanks to them kinematical properties of the curve are represented in precise way in the dynamical model. As concerns the method, its principles and the most important details are discussed in the paper. Information about the method is extended by description of the software built to carry out the curve formation (optimisation) effectively. At the end, examples of the results generated by this software are presented and discussed.
W niniejszym artykule opisano autorską koncepcję i metodę poszukiwania właściwego kształtu kolejowych krzywych przejściowych. Krótki przegląd literatury stanowi tło dla tego przedstawienia. Tak w koncepcji jak i w metodzie wykorzystano zaawansowany model dynamiczny układu tor-pojazd, z możliwością symulacji oraz matematycznie rozumiane metody optymalizacji. Zaproponowana metoda umożliwia optymalizację wielomianowych krzywych przejściowych dowolnego stopnia. W artykule przedstawiono składowe prędkości i przyspieszenia kątowego ruchu unoszenia dla takiej krzywej. Dzięki nim w sposób dokładny odwzorowano własności kinematyczne krzywej w modelu dynamicznym. W zakresie metody, w artykule opisano jej podstawy oraz najważniejsze szczegóły. Informację o metodzie rozszerzono opisem oprogramowania zbudowanego dla efektywnego kształtowania (optymalizacji) krzywych. Na koniec przedstawiono i omówiono przykłady wyników wygenerowanych przez to oprogramowanie.
Źródło:
Archives of Transport; 2010, 22, 3; 387-407
0866-9546
2300-8830
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Transport
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Research on optimal design of spudcan structures to ease spudcan-footprint interactions in clay and comparative analyses with different measures
Autorzy:
Yu, Huafeng
Sun, Zhenzhou
He, Linlin
Yang, Liu
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/32890971.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Politechnika Gdańska. Wydział Inżynierii Mechanicznej i Okrętownictwa
Tematy:
spudcan-footprint interaction
novel spudcan shape
VHM curves
stomping
perforation drilling
Opis:
In order to ease consequences of spudcan-footprint interactions during jack-up rigs reinstalling in the vicinity of an existing seabed footprint, three new types of spudcan shapes, that is, a lotus-shaped spudcan with six circular holes, a flat-bottomed spudcan, and a concave-shaped spudcan, were proposed to perform an optimizing study of the spudcan structures, and the effectiveness of them were analyzed comparatively with other different measures. Firstly, 3D Large Deformation Finite Element (LDFE) analyses were carried out using the Coupled Eulerian-Lagrangian (CEL) method in the commercial finite element package ABAQUS. After calibrating the validity of the numerical calculation model against existing centrifuge test data and LDFE results, the differences in interaction mechanism between the novel spudcans and the generic spindle-shaped spudcan were studied when penetrating near an existing footprint with an eccentric distance of 0.5D, and the horizontal range of plastic deformation of the disturbed soils, the inclination angle of the spudcan and the offset distance of the pile legs were analyzed comparatively as well. The results show that the proposed novel spudcans can mitigate the maximum horizontal sliding force and the maximum bending moment at the top of the pile leg obviously, compared with those of the generic one, which were reduced by 32.59%, 22.47%, 28.18%, and 26.32%, 12.88%, 18.02%, respectively. It also can be seen that all novel structures can ease the adverse consequences of spudcan-footprint interactions effectively, and can improve the in -place stability of the spudcan as well. Finally, three possible measures in mitigating interactions of the spudcan-footprint were contrasted, that is, the novel spudcan (represented by the lotus-shaped spudcan with six holes), stomping method, and perforation drilling method. The results show that all of them can reduce adverse impacts induced by interactions of the spudcan-footprint, and also can improve the in-place stability of the spudcan during reinstallation. In addition, among them, according to the effect of reducing the additional stress of the spudcan, the effectiveness of them can be listed as follows: perforation drilling near an existing footprint > the lotus-shaped spudcan with six holes > stomping method. In terms of the vertical bearing capacity of the spudcan, the lotus-shaped spudcan with six holes can improve it as much as 16.33% compared with the spindle-shaped structure due to the particularity of the structure. While reducing the continuity and strength of soil foundations, the perforation drilling measure leads to the decrease of the vertical bearing capacity of the spudcan by 13.07%. It can be concluded that all the three measures have merits and demerits, so the relevant construction environment conditions and engineering practice should be fully considered when selecting measures to deal with interactions of the spudcan-footprint.
Źródło:
Polish Maritime Research; 2022, 1; 43-56
1233-2585
Pojawia się w:
Polish Maritime Research
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Combined small subgroups and side-channel attack on elliptic curves with cofactor divisible by 2m
Autorzy:
Wroński, Michał
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/227051.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
small subgroups attack
side-channel attack
alternative models of elliptic curves
Opis:
Nowadays, alternative models of elliptic curves like Montgomery, Edwards, twisted Edwards, Hessian, twisted Hessian, Huff's curves and many others are very popular and many people use them in cryptosystems which are based on elliptic curve cryptography. Most of these models allow to use fast and complete arithmetic which is especially convenient in fast implementations that are side-channel attacks resistant. Montgomery, Edwards and twisted Edwards curves have always order of group of rational points divisible by 4. Huff's curves have always order of rational points divisible by 8. Moreover, sometimes to get fast and efficient implementations one can choose elliptic curve with even bigger cofactor, for example 16. Of course the bigger cofactor is, the smaller is the security of cryptosystem which uses such elliptic curve. In this article will be checked what influence on the security has form of cofactor of elliptic curve and will be showed that in some situations elliptic curves with cofactor divisible by 2m are vulnerable for combined small subgroups and side-channel attacks.
Źródło:
International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications; 2019, 65, 2; 203-209
2300-1933
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Faster Point Scalar Multiplication on Short Weierstrass Elliptic Curves over Fp using Twisted Hessian Curves over Fp2
Autorzy:
Wroński, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/308416.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Instytut Łączności - Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Tematy:
elliptic curve cryptography
hardware implementation
twisted Hessian curves
Opis:
This article shows how to use fast Fp2 arithmetic and twisted Hessian curves to obtain faster point scalar multiplication on elliptic curve ESW in short Weierstrass form over Fp. It is assumed that p and #ESW(Fp) are different large primes, #E(Fq) denotes number of points on curve E over field Fq and #Et SW (Fp), where Et is twist of E, is divisible by 3. For example this method is suitable for two NIST curves over Fp: NIST P-224 and NIST P-256. The presented solution may be much faster than classic approach. Presented solution should also be resistant for side channel attacks and information about Y coordinate should not be lost (using for example Brier-Joye ladder such information may be lost). If coefficient A in equation of curve ESW : y2 =x3+Ax+B in short Weierstrass curve is not of special form, presented solution is up to 30% faster than classic approach. If A=−3, proposed method may be up to 24% faster.
Źródło:
Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology; 2016, 3; 98-102
1509-4553
1899-8852
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Optimisation of Railway Polynomial Transition Curves with Different Number of Terms
Autorzy:
Woźnica, Piotr
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/504008.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Międzynarodowa Wyższa Szkoła Logistyki i Transportu
Tematy:
polynomial railway transition curves computer simulation
optimisation
Opis:
This paper presents the results of research of influence of degree and number of polynomial terms of railway transition curves (TCs) on their dynamical properties. The research performed for needs of this work are planned numeric tests. The search for the proper shape means the evaluation of the curve properties based on chosen dynamical quantity and generation of such shape with the use of mathematically understood optimisation methods. For the needs of this work advanced vehicle model, dynamical track-vehicle and vehicle-passenger interactions as well as optimisation methods were exploited. The subject of the analysis are odd degree polynomial transition curves of the 5th, 7th, 9th and 11th degree. For each degree of the polynomial a range of acceptable number of polynomial terms was determined. One dynamical quantity - minimum of integral of vehicle body lateral acceleration - being the results of simulation of railway vehicle advanced model is exploited in the determination of quality function (QF).
Źródło:
Logistics and Transport; 2014, 22, 2; 57-66
1734-2015
Pojawia się w:
Logistics and Transport
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Kolejowe wyjazdowe krzywe przejściowe a dynamika poprzeczna pojazdu
Optimization of Railway Exit Transition Curves and Lateral Railway Vehicle Dynamics
Autorzy:
Woźnica, P.
Zboiński, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/215528.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Instytut Kolejnictwa
Tematy:
kolejowe krzywe przejściowe wyjazdowe
dynamika pojazdów szynowych
optymalizacja
railway exit transition curves
rail vehicle dynamics
computer simulation
optimization
Opis:
Artykuł dotyczy optymalizacji kształtu kolejowych krzywych przejściowych (KP) wyjazdowych. Określenie „wyjazdowa” w stosunku do krzywej przejściowej odnosi się do zasadniczego kier unku jazdy pojazdów szynowych, tj. od łuku kołowego do prostej. Kształt krzywych przejściowych wyjazdowych opisano wielomianem 9. stopnia. W optymalizacji kształtu krzywych wykorzystano model dwuosiowego pojazdu szynowego. Jako funkcje celu, przyjęto znormalizowaną po długości drogi wartość całki z wartości bezwzględnej zarówno przyspieszenia poprzecznego nadwozia, jak i jego zmiany. W artykule przedstawiono wyniki optymalizacji kształtu krzywych wyjazdowych: typy optymalnych krzywizn krzywych przejściowych wyjazdowych oraz przebiegi dynamiczne – przemieszczenia i przyspieszenia poprzeczne, i pionowe środka masy nadwozia.
The current paper concerns the optimization of the shape of railway exit transition curves (TCs). Exit TCs meant TCs being directly behind the circular arc, and directly before the straight track. As transition curves, the authors used the polynomial of 9th degree. In the optimization of the shape of the TCs, the model of 2-axle rail vehicle was used. The mentioned objective functions concerned the normalised value of the integral of the lateral acceleration of vehicle body along the route and its change. The paper presents the results of the optimization – the types of curvatures of the optimum exit transition curves and the dynamical courses – the displacements and the accelerations both lateral and vertical of the vehicle body mass centres.
Źródło:
Problemy Kolejnictwa; 2018, 178; 63-71
0552-2145
2544-9451
Pojawia się w:
Problemy Kolejnictwa
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Optymalizacja kolejowych krzywych przejściowych wyjazdowych
Optimization of railway exit transition curves
Autorzy:
Woźnica, P.
Zboiński, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/383690.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Politechnika Poznańska. Wydawnictwo Politechniki Poznańskiej
Tematy:
kolejowe krzywe przejściowe wyjazdowe
dynamika pojazdów szynowych
symulacja komputerowa
railway exit transition curves
rail vehicle dynamics
computer simulation
Opis:
Niniejsza praca dotyczy optymalizacji kształtu kolejowych krzywych przejściowych (KP) wyjazdowych. Za KP wyjazdowe uważano krzywe znajdujące się bezpośrednio za łukiem kołowym, a bezpośrednio przed torem prostym. Jako krzywe przejściowe autorzy pracy wykorzystali wielomian 9. stopnia. W optymalizacji kształtu krzywych posłużono się modelem 2-osiowego pojazdu szynowego. Badania wykonano dla trzech wartości promienia łuku kołowego oraz czterech funkcji celu. W pracy przedstawiono wyniki optymalizacji – typy krzywizn optymalnych krzywych przejściowych wyjazdowych oraz przebiegi dynamiczne – przemieszczenia i przyspieszenia tak poprzeczne, jak i pionowe środka masy nadwozia.
This paper concerns the optimization of the shape of railway exit transition curves (TCs). Exit TCs meant TCs being directly behind the circular arc, and directly before the straight track. As transition curves, the authors used the polynomial of 9th degree. In the optimization of the shape of the curves, the model of 2-axle rail vehicle was used. The research was performed for three circular arc values and four objective functions. The paper presents the results of the optimization - the types of curvatures of the optimum reverse transition curves and the dynamical courses - the displacements and the accelerations both lateral and vertical of the vehicle body mass centres.
Źródło:
Archiwum Instytutu Inżynierii Lądowej; 2017, 25; 433-452
1897-4007
Pojawia się w:
Archiwum Instytutu Inżynierii Lądowej
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Assessment of classification with variable air flow for inertial classifier in dry grinding circuit with electromagnetic mill using partition curves
Autorzy:
Wolosiewicz-Glab, M.
Ogonowski, S.
Foszcz, D.
Gawenda, T.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/110653.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
electromagnetic mill
grinding
classification
materials processing
partition curves
Opis:
In classification one of the methods used to evaluate the effectiveness of classifier’s work is to create the partition curve, which determines the size of the classified particles and characterizes the accuracy of the process. The article presents the results of experiments showing the efficiency of classification in the inertial classifier, designed specifically for the electromagnetic mill. The paper presents the results of tests in order to determine the possibility of controlling the classification by changing the transport air stream flow. In order to verify and assess the classifier work, a series of experiments with different opening level of additional air damper was performed. The results allow thorough assessment of the effectiveness and efficiency of the device and facilitate the optimization of the grinding process by establishing an appropriate control algorithm as well as the air flow in classifier.
Źródło:
Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing; 2018, 54, 2; 440-447
1643-1049
2084-4735
Pojawia się w:
Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Badania kogeneratora małej mocy
Small power cogenerator test
Autorzy:
Włas, M.
Jaworski, J.
Gackowski, M.
Kolbusz, W.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/268698.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Politechnika Gdańska. Wydział Elektrotechniki i Automatyki
Tematy:
cogeneration
internal combustion engine
iso efficiency curves
kogeneracja
silnik benzynowy
wysoka sprawność
Opis:
W pracy przedstawiono proces projektowania i implementacji systemu sterowania źródłem energii elektrycznej i cieplnej - bazującym na kogeneracji wysokosprawnej, wykorzystującej zmodyfikowany kogenerator firmy TOTEM z dodatkowym przekształtnikiem energoelektronicznym. Jego istotną częścią jest 4-suwowy silnik benzynowy o zapłonie iskrowym, dostosowany do spalania gazu ziemnego. W celu osiągnięcia maksymalnej sprawności układu, wykorzystano sterowanie prędkością obrotową jednostki spalinowej. Opracowanie "pagórka" sprawności maszyny umożliwia poruszanie się po trajektorii zapewniającej poziom sprawności uzasadniający poniesione nakłady inwestycyjne, m.in.: zakup dwukierunkowego przekształtnika energii.
In this paper, designing and control system implementation of combined heat and power TOTEM™ system was presented. The crucial part of that is 4-stroke internal combustion engine, natural gas has been adapted. Because of the maximization of efficiency, variable speed control has been implemented. The iso-efficiency curves allow to operate on minimum operation cost trajectory, makes high installation cost worth profitable.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Naukowe Wydziału Elektrotechniki i Automatyki Politechniki Gdańskiej; 2012, 31; 151-155
1425-5766
2353-1290
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Naukowe Wydziału Elektrotechniki i Automatyki Politechniki Gdańskiej
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Historyczne uwarunkowania tworzenia systemów kolejowych na świecie (7). Różnice jakościowe w kształtowaniu i eksploatacji sieci
Historical legacy in the form and performance of railway networks (6). Qualitative differences in the development and operation of the network
Autorzy:
Wesołowski, Jacek
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/252592.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Instytut Naukowo-Wydawniczy TTS
Tematy:
jakość sieci kolejowej
łuk poziomy na liniach kolejowych
jednopoziomowe skrzyżowanie linii kolejowych
dworzec kolejowy
linia jednotorowa
gęstość ruchu pociągów pasażerskich
quality of railway network
horizontal curves on railway lines
railway level crossings
railway stations
single track railway
traffic density of passenger trains
Opis:
W niniejszej części historycznego cyklu przyjrzymy się wybranym zagadnieniom mogącym szkicowo zilustrować ogólnie pojęty problem jakości systemów kolejowych, będącej najczęściej efektem kosztów ich budowy. Trwałość może zilustrować stopień użycia drewna w konstrukcji szyn i wiaduktów. O prędkości mogą stanowić promienie stosowanych łuków. Kwestie bezpieczeństwa (poruszone już wcześniej przy okazji wygradzania linii kolejowych) jeszcze bardziej widać po stosowaniu lub unikaniu jednopoziomowych skrzyżowań szlaków. Wyposażenie dworców również można uznać za miernik jakości. Wreszcie przeprowadzono studia dotyczące stopnia jednotorowości systemów i gęstości ruchu pociągów pasażerskich. W każdej z tych dziedzin występowały i wciąż występują istotne różnice między poszczególnymi krajami, które nieco inaczej kształtują myślenie o kolei i sposobie jej funkcjonowania.
In this part of the history series we looked at selected features supposed to illustrate the general problem of quality of railway networks, itself being usually the effect of construction costs. The durability may have stemmed i.a. from the use of timber in early construction of rails and bridges. Speed can be determined by the use of sharp horizontal curves. Safety issues (partly addressed earlier when fencing-off was discussed) are even better shown by avoiding or allowing level crossings of railway lines. The structural equipment of stations can also be considered an element of railway quality. Finally, historical studies on single-trackedness of railway systems as well as of passenger train traffic density were carried on. In every area investigated there existed and still exist essential differences between countries. They tend to shape thinking of a railway and they way it works in slightly different ways.
Źródło:
TTS Technika Transportu Szynowego; 2020, 9; 21-29
1232-3829
2543-5728
Pojawia się w:
TTS Technika Transportu Szynowego
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł

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