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    Tytuł:
    Volatile oil content of scots pine needles (Pinus sylvestris L.)
    Zawartość olejków eterycznych w igliwiu sosny zwyczajnej (Pinus sylvestris L.)
    Autorzy:
    Sporek, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/106689.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Towarzystwo Chemii i Inżynierii Ekologicznej
    Tematy:
    essential oil
    needles
    crown zone
    tree age
    Scots pine
    olejek eteryczny
    igliwie
    strefa korony
    wiek drzew
    sosna zwyczajna
    Opis:
    This study focused on how the concentration of volatile oils in Scots Pine needles varied in relation to the age of the trees, the age of the needles and their location within the canopy. Study material were pine needles from 15-, 44- and 89-year-old pine stands. The mean content of oils increased with the age of trees. The averaged oil content in needles was: 0.46% in the 15-year-old stand, 0.55% in the 44-year-old and 0.61% in the 89-year-old stands. The mean content of volatile oils decreased with the age of the needles. 1-year-old needles contained the highest concentration of volatile oils (0.56%), and the 3-year-old needles contained the least (0.48%). In 15-year-old stands the oil content in needles increased linearly with their height in the canopy. In 44-year-old (age class IIb) and 89-year-old (age class Va) stands oil content was greater lower in the canopy than in the middle.
    Badania dotyczą zmienności zawartości olejku eterycznego w igliwiu sosny zwyczajnej w zależności od wieku drzew, garnituru igieł oraz jego usytuowania w koronie. Materiał do badań stanowiło igliwie zebrane z drzewostanów sosnowych w wieku 15, 44 i 89 lat. W przeprowadzonych badaniach średnia zawartość olejków wzrastała wraz z wiekiem drzew. W igliwiu pochodzącym z 15-letniego młodnika zawartość olejku wynosiła średnio 0,46%, a w igliwiu drzewostanów 44- i 89-letnich odpowiednio 0,55 i 0,61%. Średnia zawartość olejku maleje wraz z wiekiem igliwia. Najwięcej olejku zawiera igliwie jednoroczne - 0,56%, najmniej igliwie trzyletnie - 0.48%. W drzewostanie 15-letnim stwierdzono wyraźny wzrost wydajności olejków eterycznych w kierunku od nasady korony do części wierzchołkowej. W drzewostanach starszych (IIb i Va klasy wieku), gdzie korony są wyżej osadzone, igliwie pobrane z nasady korony zawierało więcej olejku niż z partii środkowej.
    Źródło:
    Chemistry-Didactics-Ecology-Metrology; 2016, 21, 1-2; 141-147
    2084-4506
    Pojawia się w:
    Chemistry-Didactics-Ecology-Metrology
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Zmienność cech szyszek i nasion świerka pospolitego (Picea abies (L.) Karst) w zależności od ich lokalizacji w koronie drzewa
    Variability of the selected traits of Picea abies (L.) Karst. cones and seeds depending on their location in the crown
    Autorzy:
    Jastrzębowski, S.
    Kantorowicz, W.
    Ukalski, K.
    Klisz, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/980287.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    lasy gorskie
    swierk pospolity
    Picea abies
    szyszki swierku
    cechy jakosciowe
    nasiona
    jakosc nasion
    lokalizacja w koronie drzewa
    norway spruce
    seeds quality
    crown zone
    cone distribution
    mountain forests
    Opis:
    The objective of the study was to determine whether differences exist between the selected characteristics of Norway spruce cones and seeds depending on their location in the crown. The study was performed in two spruce tree stands growing under mountainous conditions (the Beskidy Mountains, southern Poland). In winter 2015, the cones were collected from 60 standing trees located in the two selected seed stands – Ujsoły and Rycerka. From each tree, the cones were collected from three crown zones: top, central and bottom differing in terms of light conditions. Two characteristics of the cones and six characteristics of the seeds were analysed. To determine quantitative and qualitative traits of seeds standard methods for seed testing were applied. Significant differences between the populations were determined for cone weight and fraction of full seeds, weight of 1000 seeds and germination capacity. The crown zones differed significantly in terms of fraction of cones in the parts of the crown and mass of one cone as well as weight of 1000 seeds, germination energy and germination capacity. Moreover, a significant intra−population variation was observed for a majority of the analysed characteristics (fraction of full seeds, weight of one cone, weight of 1000 seeds, germination energy, and germination capacity). However, no statistically significant interaction between population and crown zone was observed. A significantly lower contribution of cones in the bottom zone of the crown may affect the economic viability of the commercial harvest. On the other hand some of the important seeds traits (e.g. weight of 1000 seeds, germination energy and germination capacity) were significantly better in the bottom and central part of the crown than in the top zone. There are no justified circumstances (both qualitative and quantitative) to perform the cone harvest only from the top zone of the crown.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2019, 163, 01; 3-12
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Nutrient characteristics and proline accumulation in relation to Picea abies status on drained peat soils
    Autorzy:
    Cekstere, G.
    Osvalde, A.
    Snepsts, G.
    Laivins, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2078188.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Dendrologii PAN
    Tematy:
    Norway spruce
    crown status
    soil and foliar analysis
    proline
    sub-boreal zone
    Opis:
    Monocultures of Norway spruce widely used for afforestation of drained peat soils often have low productivity and decline in vitality. The research aim was to elucidate: (1) imbalances in the nutrient status of soil and plants in relation to Norway spruce crown status and annual increment on drained peat soil in the sub-boreal zone; (2) the suitability of using proline accumulation as a biomarker for Norway spruce vitality and stress in nutrient imbalance conditions. The study was conducted at five forest (Oxalidosa turf. mel.) sites in Latvia, each containing trees with different crown condition status. Chemical analyses of soil and spruce needles, assessment of tree crown vitality and annual increment measurements were done. Our results revealed serious disturbances in the supply of nutrients, which is an important factor in the decline of Norway spruce in monoculture stands on drained peat soils. Deficiency of K, Fe, Cu, B, N and P was found in the current year needles for all trees, but in damaged trees (≥61% defoliation, ≥61% discoloration) Zn deficiency was also found. For 2-year-old needles, deficiency of K, P, S, Zn, and Cu was found in all trees, additionally, deficiency of Fe was found in healthy and medium damaged trees (26–60% defoliation, 21–60% discoloration), and N deficiency was found for medium damaged and damaged trees. Thus, K, Cu, B, Fe concentrations had significant negative correlations with crown status parameters – defoliation, discoloration, and density. K and B deficiency could play the most significant causal role in decreased stem increment. The results revealed that the stress amino-acid proline is a reliable biomarker, having a significant relationship with spruce crown condition parameters, annual increment and nutrient status in needles – low levels of K, Fe, S, Cu, B, N. The increase in proline content in spruce needles was pronounced in moderately damaged trees, indicating the potential for the use of proline accumulation as early stress indicator for spruce. Therefore, further studies on the identification of early stress and factors affecting nutrient uptake and accumulation in needles are particularly valuable for evaluation of stand management options before significant decline of spruce stands.
    Źródło:
    Dendrobiology; 2020, 84; 94-108
    1641-1307
    Pojawia się w:
    Dendrobiology
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
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