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Tytuł:
Uzgodnienie rodzaju i wysokości kary w postępowaniu karnym w Polsce
Agreeing on the type and severity of the penalty in criminal proceedings in Poland
Autorzy:
Bachmat, Paweł
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2215875.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Kancelaria Sejmu. Biuro Analiz Sejmowych
Tematy:
ECPRD
criminal proceedings
Opis:
The Polish Code of Criminal Procedure provides for three paths in which it is possible to agree with the accused the type and severity of the penalty imposed on him by the court, provided that taking evidence by the court is waived. The first possibility occurs during the stage of preparatory proceedings, being an agreement with the prosecutor, so that a lengthy evidence process is not carried out. The second option applies after the indictment has been brought to court, while the third one may be used by the accused until the end of the first interrogation of all the accused. It requires submitting a relevant application.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Prawnicze BAS; 2020, 2(66); 167-171
1896-9852
2082-064X
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Prawnicze BAS
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Opinia prawna na temat statusu postępowania karnego toczącego się wobec osoby, która uzyskała mandat posła na Sejm RP w trakcie kadencji
Legal opinion on the status of the criminal proceedings pending against the person who obtained the mandate of a Deputy to the Sejm of the Republic of Poland during the term of office
Autorzy:
Odrowąż-Sypniewski, Wojciech
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/11543129.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Kancelaria Sejmu. Biuro Analiz Sejmowych
Tematy:
Deputy
mandate
criminal proceedings
Opis:
According to the author, the provisions of the Act on the Exercise of the Mandate of a Deputy or Senator leave no doubt that in the case of Deputies who have received the seat during the term of the Sejm, the rule on the suspension of criminal proceedings applies only to criminal proceedings initiated before date of assuming the seat, i.e. prior to the day of publication in Monitor Polski of the order of the Marshal of the Sejm concerning filling of the mandate. As indicated in the opinion, a Deputy, against whom criminal proceedings has been instituted before the day of his/her election, may apply to the Sejm with a request for suspension of criminal proceedings until the expiry of the mandate.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Prawnicze BAS; 2014, 4(44); 187-190
1896-9852
2082-064X
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Prawnicze BAS
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Competences of the Police in Criminal Proceedings — Experience and Present — Legal and Comparative Approach in the 100th Anniversary of the Establishment of the Police
Autorzy:
Porwisz, Monika
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1374779.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Wyższa Szkoła Policji w Szczytnie
Tematy:
Police
criminal proceedings
investigation
court
Opis:
The aim of the publication is to present the role and tasks of the police in criminal proceedings in a legal and comparative approach. Over the years, there could have been noticed an evolution in the area of police powers. The rationale for addressing such an important issue is, first of all, to look at the achievements of the authors of reforms in the post-annexation period and to recognise their contribution to the process of shaping high standards of functioning of police authorities. Studies and analysis of legal texts from the period when Poland regained independence is an important element of learning about history and tradition, as well as the possibility of following patterns of lawmaking adequate to the challenges of lawmaking. The original spelling of source texts and sometimes their archaic language layer, quoted in the text of the publication, is a measure to respect the principle of faithfulness to the sources and, at the same time, to illustrate the development of individual legal institutions. The article focuses on the analysis of selected regulations of the Regulation of the President of the Republic of 19 March 1928 — Code of Criminal Procedure (Journal of Laws of 1928, No. 33, item 313) in relation to the current solutions of the procedural act.
Źródło:
Internal Security; 2018, Special Issue; 127-137
2080-5268
Pojawia się w:
Internal Security
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Prace nad kodyfikacją prawa karnego procesowego w Polsce w latach 1919–1928
Codification work in the field of procedural criminal law in Poland in the years 1919–1928
Autorzy:
Koredczuk, Józef
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/697329.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Opolski
Tematy:
codification
codification committee
procedural criminal law
Polska
the bill of criminal proceedings
the criminal proceedings section
Opis:
In his contribution, the author presents the work on the codification (initially on the Act) of procedural criminal law in Poland in the years 1919–1928. Those works were initially led by the Criminal Department of the Codification Committee, and then by the Criminal Proceedings Section of the Codification Commission. The first period of the work on the criminal procedure law was characterized by some disputes between the members of the Department, i.e. supporters of the classical school (E. Krzymuski) vs. the sociological school (J. Makarewicz), the discussion aiming at defining the relationship of procedural criminal law and substantive criminal law. The work on the draft law was carried out faster after the appointment (on 16 July 1920) of the Criminal Proceedings Section, which in 1924 published the first version of the draft criminal law bill. E. Krzymuski, A. Mogilnicki, Z. Rymowicz and E.S. Rappaport had played the main role in the development of the project. After a very deep criticism in the columns of Gazeta Administracji i Policji Państwowej [The Gazette of State Administration and Police], Ruch Prawniczy, Ekonomiczny i Socjologiczny [The legal, economic and sociological movement] and Palestra [The bar], the project was rejected. Only the second version of the bill prepared in 1925-1926, re-worked by the committee composed of W. Makowski, A. Mogilnicki and S. Śliwiński (appointed by the Minister of Justice), became the basis for the President of the Republic of Poland to adopt the first Polish Code of Criminal Procedure of 19 March 1928.
Źródło:
Opolskie Studia Administracyjno-Prawne; 2019, 17, 3; 37-50
2658-1922
Pojawia się w:
Opolskie Studia Administracyjno-Prawne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Dokumentowanie czynności przesłuchania w polskim procesie karnym
Documentation of interrogation in Polish criminal proceeding
Autorzy:
Jagiełło, Dariusz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/697111.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Opolski
Tematy:
interrogation
protocol
criminal proceedings
preparatory proceedings
start activities
Opis:
Interrogation is a process-criminal act, without which it could not proceed, and finally no criminal proceedings could be concluded. The further course of investigation depends on the facts determined in its course. These facts determine the adoption or confirmation of forensic versions verified at subsequent stages of the proceedings. Therefore, documenting this activity is very important, and – at the same time – hard evidence, so that its course is not effectively undermined by the parties to the proceedings. Knowledge of the techniques of logging, the choice of the moment of its commencement, the transfer of the presented emotions and behaviors of the participants to the most accurate content is a necessary knowledge.
Źródło:
Opolskie Studia Administracyjno-Prawne; 2018, 16, 2; 83-98
2658-1922
Pojawia się w:
Opolskie Studia Administracyjno-Prawne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wznowienie postępowania karnego w praktyce Sądu Specjalnego w Katowicach (Sondergericht Kattowitz) 1939—1945
The resumption of criminal proceedings in practice of the Special Court in Katowice (Sondergericht Kattowitz) 1939—1945
Autorzy:
Graczyk, Konrad
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/927205.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Śląskiego
Tematy:
Special courts
resumption of proceedings
criminal proceedings
Upper Silesia
Opis:
The study is devoted to the institution of resumption of criminal proceedings in the practice of the Special Court in Katowice (1939—1945). It outlines the specificity of proceedings before special courts of the Third Reich. The legal prerequisites for resumption, resulting from the provisions of the Code of Penal Procedure (Strafprozessordnung), are discussed. Then, on the basis of the preserved archives, individual cases of attempts to resume proceedings in the most serious cases judged by the Sondergericht, ending with a death penalty, are presented
Źródło:
Z Dziejów Prawa; 2019, 12; 597-615
1898-6986
2353-9879
Pojawia się w:
Z Dziejów Prawa
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Uzasadnione odstępstwa od zasady skargowości w kodeksie postępowania karnego?
A Justified Departure from the Principle of Accusatorial Procedure in the Code of Criminal Procedure?
Autorzy:
Kowalczyk, Artur Karol
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/518513.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Jagielloński. Fundacja Utriusque Iuris
Tematy:
criminal proceedings
accusatorial procedure
criminal justice system
fair trial
Opis:
Principle of accusatorial procedure states that criminal proceedings should be conducted only upon the request of a party and thus, the court cannot take the initiative. By the Act of 11 March 2016 the courts’ right to demand supplementing preparatory proceeding during preliminary verification of indictment has been brought back to the criminal procedure. The possibility of adjourning or defer- ring the trial in order to demand additional evidence has also been restored. The aim of the paper is to consider how these court powers affect the principle of accusatorial procedure and to answer the question whether departure from this principle is justified, for example, by the need to comply with other principles of criminal proceedings.
Źródło:
Forum Prawnicze; 2019, 4 (54); 79-92
2081-688X
Pojawia się w:
Forum Prawnicze
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Postponement of Trial in Connection with the Application of Criminal Procedural Measures
Autorzy:
Senyk, Taras
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1931332.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020-09-30
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Tematy:
coercion
measures of criminal procedural coercion
measures to ensure criminal proceedings
participants in court proceedings
adjournment of court proceedings in criminal proceedings
adjournment of court proceedings
Opis:
The article analyzes the concepts of «coercion», «measures of criminal procedural coercion», «measures to ensure criminal proceedings» and their relationship. The measures of procedural coercion, which the court can most often apply to the participants in court proceedings in a criminal case, as well as the procedure for postponing the trial in connection with their (measures of procedural coercion) are studied. Proposals for improving the criminal procedure legislation of Ukraine in this direction have been formulated. Measures of criminalprocedural coercion are procedural means of state-legal coercion defined by the criminal-procedural law, applied by the authorized bodies conducting criminal proceedings, in the order clearly defined by the law concerning persons, for the purpose of achievement of efficiency of criminal proceedings. The concept of “measures to ensure criminal proceedings” in its own right the content and scope do not cover the category of precautionary measures and other mea sures procedural coercion. In our opinion, the concept of «criminal measures procedural coercion “and” measures to ensure criminal proceedings «are not identical: under the current CPC of Ukraine measures procedural coercion is a component of criminal security measures proceedings, and, consequently, to some extent, a narrower concept. They are correlated between themselves as a whole and part. However, before proceeding to the analysis of each of the measures of coercion we have identified, let us pay attention to the important procedural provisions that the judge is obliged to remember when applying this or that measure. The court may impose measures of procedural coercion on the person, which in turn will postpone the trial.
Źródło:
Krakowskie Studia Małopolskie; 2020, 3(27); 78-95
1643-6911
Pojawia się w:
Krakowskie Studia Małopolskie
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wykorzystanie zapisu audialnego uzyskanego w postępowaniu karnym jako dowodu w postępowaniu w sprawie pociągnięcia do odpowiedzialności konstytucyjnej
The use of an audio recording obtained in criminal proceedings as evidence in proceeding concerning the incurring of constitutional accountability
Autorzy:
Barbara, Janusz-Pohl
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2215824.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Kancelaria Sejmu. Biuro Analiz Sejmowych
Tematy:
constitutional accountability
criminal proceedings
Tribunal of State
Opis:
According to the author’s opinion, the Constitutional Accountability Committee is entitled to request written explanations or documents from public authorities, as well as the files of each case conducted by them. The Committee is therefore entitled to obtain an audio recording for evidentiary purposes. According to the author, it is also permissible for the Committee to carry out such evidence, if it is requested by a person who is the subject of a preliminary motion to hold the person accountable before the Tribunal of State. Transcriptions and other documents made on the basis of the recordings may also serve as evidence in proceedings pending before the Constitutional Accountability Committee.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Prawnicze BAS; 2019, 2(62); 165-183
1896-9852
2082-064X
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Prawnicze BAS
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Legal nature of the time limit for verification activities (Article 307 § 1 Criminal Procedure Code)
Autorzy:
Koper, Radosław
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1338719.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020-12-02
Wydawca:
Uczelnia Łazarskiego. Oficyna Wydawnicza
Tematy:
czynności sprawdzające
termin
proces karny
wszczęcie postępowania karnego
verification activities
time limit
criminal proceedings
institution of criminal proceedings
Opis:
The article concerns the issue of verification activities which precede the institution of criminal proceedings and are aimed at determining legitimacy or admissibility of the criminal proceedings. The author focuses on the presentation of this problem from the viewpoint of the legal nature of the time limit for the said proceedings. The article adopts a dogmatic and legal method. The existing regulation has been analysed, its defects identified and amendments proposed. The general goal of the discussion is to postulate the development of solutions that would result from proper balancing of protected interests of the administration of justice and the necessity to respect human rights.
Artykuł jest poświęcony zagadnieniu czynności sprawdzających poprzedzających wszczęcie postępowania karnego, służących ustaleniu zasadności lub dopuszczalności wszczęcia procesu. Autor analizuje tę problematykę z punktu widzenia kwestii dotyczącej charakteru prawnego terminu prowadzenia wspomnianych czynności. W opracowaniu przyjęto metodę dogmatyczno-prawną. Dokonano oceny obowiązującej regulacji normatywnej i sformułowano propozycje zmian. Całość rozważań ujętych w artykule jest podporządkowana postulatowi kreowania takich rozwiązań, które stanowią rezultat odpowiedniego zbilansowania ochrony dobra wymiaru sprawiedliwości oraz potrzeby poszanowania praw człowieka.
Źródło:
Ius Novum; 2020, 14, 2; 89-104
1897-5577
Pojawia się w:
Ius Novum
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The importance of the body language and the non-verbal signals in the courtroom in the criminal proceedings. The outline of the problem
Autorzy:
Gurbiel, Agnieszka
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1161332.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
Tematy:
the body language
the courtroom
the criminal proceedings
Opis:
This publication defines and characterizes the body language and tries to show its place and its role in the courtroom in the criminal proceedings. According to Albert Mehrabian - one of the first researchers of the body language - only 7% are affected by the words, 38% by the voice signals (the voice tone, the modulation) and 55% by the non-verbal signals. In view of the above fact it follows that the skills of the effective occurrence pay off so are the considerations in this context justified?
Źródło:
World Scientific News; 2018, 112; 74-84
2392-2192
Pojawia się w:
World Scientific News
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Miejsce sprawiedliwości naprawczej w polskim systemie karnym
Autorzy:
Silecka-Marek, Ewelina
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1397317.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021-03-01
Wydawca:
Państwowa Wyższa Szkoła Zawodowa w Koninie. Wydawnictwo
Tematy:
restorative justice
retributive justice
criminal proceedings
victim
offender
Opis:
Place of restorative justice in the Polish penal system This paper shows the conceptions of restorative justice against the background of the idea of general justice. The author indicates to the relationship between the retributive and restorative approaches. By analysing the literature on the subject matter and criminal law, the importance of restorative justice practices and profits that bring to the offender, victim of a crime and for the local community.
Źródło:
Konińskie Studia Społeczno-Ekonomiczne; 2021, 7, 1; 69-84
2391-8632
Pojawia się w:
Konińskie Studia Społeczno-Ekonomiczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Niesprawcza odpowiedzialność karna o charakterze represyjnym (karnym) w świetle Konstytucji RP (art. 42 ust. 1)
Noncausative criminal liability as subject to penalty in light of the Constitution of the Republic of Poland (Article 42, item 1)
Autorzy:
Tarnowska, Danuta
Kaczorkiewicz, Dorota
Brzezińska, Marta
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/692934.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
Constitution
crime
criminal proceedings
Konstytucja
przestępstwo
postępowanie karne
Opis:
The analysis focuses on three types of liability, that is ancillary liability (Article 24 and 25 of the Penal and Fiscal Code), pledge to return a financial gain (Article 53 of the Criminal Code and Article 24 § 5 of the Penal and Fiscal Code) and criminal liability of collective entities provided in Article 42 item 1 of the Constitution of the Republic of Poland, which refers to direct criminal liability of a perpetrator. The approach to liability reflected in the Constitution has prompted to seek to determine whether or not Article 42, item 1 refers also to indirect criminal liability, provided for in the abovementioned legal provisions. The regulations incorporated in the analysed articles lead to a conclusion that convicting the perpetrator of a crime sets the grounds for prosecution under ancillary liability, for obligation to return a financial gain, or for prosecution of collective entities. Therefore, the imperative condition for the application of such measures, subject to the abovementioned types of liability, is to find a natural person associated with the entity guilty of a crime whose consequences affect this entity. In view of the above, prosecution under noncausative criminal liability remains closely related to causative liability, as provided for in Article 42, item 1 of Poland’s Constitution. Causative liability constitutes, as a matter of fact, the fundamental condition for prosecuting under noncausative liability, while noncausative liability constitutes, in a way, a consequence of prosecuting under causative criminal liability.
Analizie poddano trzy rodzaje odpowiedzialności, tj. odpowiedzialność posiłkową (art. 24 i 25 k.k.s.), zobowiązanie do zwrotu korzyści majątkowej (art. 52 k.k. i art. 24 § 5 k.k.s.) oraz odpowiedzialność podmiotów zbiorowych w odniesieniu do art. 42 ust. 1 Konstytucji RP, w którym mowa o odpowiedzialności sprawczej osoby dopuszczającej się czynu zabronionego. Z uwagi na takie ujęcie odpowiedzialności w Konstytucji w opracowaniu podjęto próbę określenia, czy art. 42 ust. 1 odnosi się także do odpowiedzialności niesprawczej, wprowadzonej wymienionymi aktami prawnymi. Unormowanie zawarte w wyżej wymienionych aktach prawnych prowadzi do wniosku, że skazanie sprawcy przestępstwa daje podstawę do pociągnięcia do odpowiedzialności posiłkowej, do zobowiązania do zwrotu korzyści majątkowej czy też do pociągnięcia do odpowiedzialności podmiotów zbiorowych. Warunkiem koniecznym stosowania tych instytucji jest więc uznanie osoby fizycznej powiązanej z określonym podmiotem wymienionych przejawów odpowiedzialności za winną popełnienia przestępstwa, którego skutki dotyczą tego podmiotu. Pociągnięcie do odpowiedzialności niesprawczej pozostaje zatem w ścisłym związku z odpowiedzialnością sprawczą, o której stanowi art. 42 ust. 1 Konstytucji RP. Odpowiedzialność sprawcza jest bowiem podstawowym warunkiem pociągnięcia do odpowiedzialności niesprawczej. Ta ostatnia stanowi niejako reperkusję pociągnięcia do sprawczej odpowiedzialności karnej.
Źródło:
Ruch Prawniczy, Ekonomiczny i Socjologiczny; 2013, 75, 4; 91-105
0035-9629
2543-9170
Pojawia się w:
Ruch Prawniczy, Ekonomiczny i Socjologiczny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Obligation to denounce in the context of medical confidentiality
Autorzy:
Mucha, Edyta
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1929844.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020-04-20
Wydawca:
Wyższa Szkoła Policji w Szczytnie
Tematy:
denunciation obligation
medical confi dentiality
medical workers
criminal proceedings
criminal law
Opis:
The subject of the article is the issue of the obligation to notify about a crime in relation to medical confi dentiality. Medical workers may obtain information indicating the commission of a criminal act while performing medical services. An important issue is whether, in such a situation, they can or should notify law enforcement authorities. In order to resolve these issues, the legislator defi nes the legal and social obligation to denounce. The legal obligation of a medical worker to notify about a crime relates to the offences specifi ed in Art. 240 (1) of the Act of June 6, 1997 — Penal Code. Among the enumerated types of generic acts covered by denunciation, particularly important due to the issues raised, are the crime of murder (Article 148 of the Penal Code) and deprivation of liberty (Article 189 of the Penal Code). A medical worker having obtained reliable information about the commission of a criminal act is obliged to notify law enforcement authorities. It is irrelevant whether they learned about it while carrying out professional activities or without a connection with their performance. The criminal sanction for failure to comply with the obligation under Article 240 (1) of the Criminal Code is a prison sentence of up to 3 years. However, the social obligation to denounce is introduced by Art. 304 (1) of the Act of June 6, 1997 — Code of Criminal Procedure. Failure to fulfi l obligations of this nature does not result in any criminal consequences. The social obligation to denounce does not include offences prosecuted on private accusation or on request of the victim. It is worth noting that this obligation does not repeal any of the laws regulating medical secrets. In this case, a medical worker who has learned of a crime in connection with the exercise of their profession has no obligation to denounce. It should be emphasised that a medical worker may fulfi l the obligation to denounce only if the patient or their legal representative has consented to it, or if there are premises for presuming the consent.
Źródło:
Przegląd Policyjny; 2019, 136(4); 167-175
0867-5708
Pojawia się w:
Przegląd Policyjny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Monografia procesu kryminalnego w miastach małopolskich doby nowożytnej (M. Mikołajczyk, Proces kryminalny w miastach Małopolski XVI-XVIII wieku, Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Śląskiego, Katowice 2013, 620 s.; Prace Naukowe Uniwersytetu Śląskiego w Katowicach nr 2979)
The Monograph of Criminal Trial as Conducted in the Towns of Małopolska Region of the Early Modern Era (M. Mikołajczyk, A Criminal Trial in Towns of Małopolska Region between the 16th and 18th Centuries, Silesia University Press, Katowice 2013, 620 p.; Monographs of University of Silesia in Katowice no. 2979)
Autorzy:
Mikuła, Maciej
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/924049.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Jagielloński. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego
Tematy:
criminal proceedings
municipal law
early modern period
judgement
evidences
Opis:
The reviewed book is an extensive study devoted to criminal trial as conducted in the towns of Southern Poland of early modern period. The author relied on particularly rich source material composed of norm-setting acts, writings of lawyers engaged in theoretical analysis and a large number of court books referring to penal cases, both those presented in the form of manuscripts as well as those that appeared in print. The significance of the study consists in the exploitation by its author of the sources illustrative of legal practice. The author investigated, with a particular precision, the factual course that the municipal criminal trial used to take in more serious penal cases. He laid a particular emphasis on the fairly well source-supported evidentiary proceedings. Worthy of note is his analysis devoted to the substantial law basis according to which the judgements were passed. The analysis showed that in the 16th through 18th centuries, in the municipal courts the local customary law played significant role, apart from that played by the Saxon and Magdeburg legal systems. On the basis of the research that he made the author suggests a conclusion that, despite the differences detectable in the practice of the respective towns, there functioned a uniform municipal penal procedure. The latter was characterized by certain features. These were: 1) the absence – in general – of individualized inquiry that would precede the judicial part of proceedings; 2) the instituting and conducting the judicial proceedings through ex officio method being regarded as something absolutely exceptional; 3) the proceedings were – as a rule – instituted due to the proposal of the plaintiff although sometimes they were instituted through the handing one of the accused to the court; 4) the varying role of the parties engaged in the trial, this being dependant on the specific court; 5) a significant role played by the defence counsels; 6) the lack of limitations that might be imposed on evidentiary proceedings with respect to the specific stage of the trial; 7) the evaluation of evidence based on common sense and not on rigid rules; 8) a slight significance of the appeal proceedings, this might be due to the influence of inquisitional type of procedure. While highly appreciating the practice of criminal courts, the author arrived at a conclusion that remarkably large number of elements of accusatorial and adversary nature that are found in the discussed proceedings locates the criminal trial conducted in the Polish towns of the modern era on the position of the accusatorial and adversary model, the modern elements of inquisitional origin being also detectable in it.
Źródło:
Krakowskie Studia z Historii Państwa i Prawa; 2014, 7, 4; 653-658
2084-4115
2084-4131
Pojawia się w:
Krakowskie Studia z Historii Państwa i Prawa
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 155

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