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    Wyświetlanie 1-13 z 13
    Tytuł:
    An analysis of influential factors associated with rural crashes in a developing country: a case study of Iran
    Autorzy:
    Sheykhfard, Abbas
    Haghighi, Farshidreza
    Abbasalipoor, Reza
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2173931.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2022
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    rural roads
    severity of crashes
    crashes
    injury-fatal crashes
    logit model
    crash data collected
    drogi wiejskie
    ciężkość wypadków
    awarie
    wypadki śmiertelne
    model logiczny
    Opis:
    Road traffic deaths continue to rise, reaching 1.35 million in recent years. Road traffic injuries are the eighth leading cause of death for people of all ages. Note that there is a wide difference in the crash rate between developed and developing countries and that developed countries report much lower crash rates than developing and underdeveloped countries. World Health Organization reports that over 80% of fatal road crashes occur in developing countries, while developed countries account for about 7% of the total. The rate of road crashes in developing countries is higher than the global average, despite some measures reducing deaths over the last decade. Numerous studies have been carried out on the safety of urban roads. However, comprehensive research evaluating influential factors associated with rural crashes in developing countries is still neglected. Therefore, it is crucial to understand how factors influence the severity of rural road crashes. In the present study, rural roads in Mazandaran province were considered a case study. The Crash data collected from the Iranian Legal Medicine Organization covers 2018 to 2021, including 2047 rural crashes. Dependent variables were classified as damage crashes and injury-fatal crashes. Besides, independent variables such as driver specifications, crash specifications, environment specifications, traffic specifications, and geometrical road specifications were considered parameters. The logit model data indicate that factors associated with driver and crash specifications influence rural crashes. The type of crashes is the most critical factor influencing the severity of crashes, on which the fatal rate depends. The findings suggested that implementing solutions that minimize the effect of the factors associated with injury and death on rural roads can reduce the severity of crashes on rural roads that share the same safety issues as the case study. Further studies can also be conducted on the safety and mechanics of the vehicle by focusing the research on the types of vehicles and the sources of the damage.
    Źródło:
    Archives of Transport; 2022, 63, 3; 53--65
    0866-9546
    2300-8830
    Pojawia się w:
    Archives of Transport
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    An impact of gap acceptance on road safety: A critical systematic review
    Autorzy:
    Bhatt, Khushbu
    Shah, Jiten
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2141217.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2022
    Wydawca:
    Fundacja Centrum Badań Socjologicznych
    Tematy:
    gap acceptance
    uncontrolled intersection
    critical gap
    crashes
    accidents
    Opis:
    An uncontrolled intersection is a critical area for crashes that depends on macroscopic traffic parameters. While the intersection is the potential of the center of crashes due to inappropriate decision of driver. Therefore, the study focuses on the effect of the gap acceptance parameter for the safety of drivers at an uncontrolled intersection. To examine, a systematic review of the literature is implemented to understand the different parameters, their impact, and models developed by the researchers. Additionally, it is demonstrated that the crashes are highly affected by the gap acceptance and the different models are formed to estimate the critical gap for different road sections under homogeneous and heterogeneous traffic conditions. However, it is not possible to definitively conclude the best model to evaluate the gap acceptance factor but can be preferred to reduce the severity of crashes. Nonetheless, most studies remain inconclusive, there is an emerging trend in the literature suggesting the increase of the crash risk at an uncontrolled intersection. Lastly, it is most important to mention the model suitability based on empirical studies commenced under the strong limitations. Consequently, there is a need for research in this area to correlate the gap acceptance with road safety to reduce the severity of accidents to improve the existing transportation system.
    Źródło:
    Journal of Sustainable Development of Transport and Logistics; 2022, 7, 1; 6-22
    2520-2979
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of Sustainable Development of Transport and Logistics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Autonomiczne auta : wizja niedalekiej przyszłości
    An autonomous car : a vision of the near future
    Autorzy:
    Wieliczko, Marta Magda
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/310358.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Naukowo-Wydawniczy "SPATIUM"
    Tematy:
    autonomiczne auta
    statystyki wypadków
    pojazdy Waymo
    pojazdy Tesla
    wypadek z udziałem auta autonomicznego
    autonomous cars
    car crashes statistics
    Waymo vehicles
    Tesla vehicles
    autonomous uber crash
    Opis:
    Artykuł został podzielony na cztery części. W pierwszej części pracy przedstawiono statystki wypadków w Polsce. Opisano liczbę pojazdów zarejestrowaną w kraju oraz tendencję występowania wypadków drogowych w latach 2008–2017. W drugiej części scharakteryzowano autonomiczne auta. Przedstawiono 6 poziomów klasyfikacji autonomicznych pojazdów. Szczegółowo opisano pojazdy firmy Waymo oraz Tesla, uwzględniając przy tym również pojazdy BMW i Mercedesa. W trzeciej części poruszono tematykę autonomicznych aut w Polsce. Opisano również pierwszy śmiertelny wypadek z udziałem autonomicznego auta. W ostatniej części przedstawiono wady i zalety idące za wprowadzeniem autonomicznych pojazdów.
    The article presents the main issues connected to autonomous cars, especially a vision for the near future. The theme was divided into four parts. The first part of the paper presents the statistics of car crashes in Poland. It describes also the number of registered vehicles in the country and the trend of car crashes in the period 2008–2017. The second part defines the autonomous cars. Six levels of classification of autonomous vehicles are presented and described. The vehicles of Waymo and Tesla are described in details, taking into consideration also BMW and Mercedes cars. The third part deals with the subject of autonomous cars in Poland. The first deadly car crash caused by the autonomous car is also mentioned. The last part presents the advantages and disadvantages of autonomous vehicles.
    Źródło:
    Autobusy : technika, eksploatacja, systemy transportowe; 2019, 20, 3; 41-44
    1509-5878
    2450-7725
    Pojawia się w:
    Autobusy : technika, eksploatacja, systemy transportowe
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Chosen problems of examination of car stability
    Autorzy:
    Kisilowski, J.
    Zalewski, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/393952.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2008
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Stowarzyszenie Telematyki Transportu
    Tematy:
    bezpieczeństwo
    stateczność
    wypadki samochowe
    wypadki
    safety
    stability
    car accidents
    crashes
    Opis:
    This paper gives an overview on some chosen aspects of examination of car stability. It especially stresses the situation of an after repair car, with disturbances in its body geometry, mass, inertia and deviation. Such disturbances can occur especially after the side crash, which is one of the most common types of accidents.
    Źródło:
    Archives of Transport System Telematics; 2008, 1, 1; 14-18
    1899-8208
    Pojawia się w:
    Archives of Transport System Telematics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Heavy vehicle crashes in Addis Ababa: Relationship between contributing factors and severity of outcomes
    Autorzy:
    Tulu, Getu Segni
    Lisinge, Robert Tama
    Wedajo, Bikila Teklu
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2176020.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2022
    Wydawca:
    Fundacja Centrum Badań Socjologicznych
    Tematy:
    heavy vehicle
    crashes
    road safety
    random parameter logit regression
    risk
    Ethiopia
    Addis Ababa
    Opis:
    Random parameter logit regression is used to analyze police-reported data on 8,253 heavy vehicle-related crashes in Addis Ababa between July 2014 and June 2017. The analysis shows that fatal crashes are more likely to occur during the day and on weekdays, particularly when the circulation of trucks is high. It also shows the disproportionately high involvement of young drivers in heavy vehicle crashes in the city. However, the likelihood of crashes resulting in fatalities and serious injuries increases slightly compared to those resulting only in property damage as the age of drivers increases. Low levels of drivers' education, the fact that drivers are often not the owners of vehicles, ownership of vehicles by companies and government organizations, and inappropriate road medians' inappropriate design are also significant contributors to fatal crashes. Curbing deaths and injuries from heavy vehicle crashes in Addis Ababa requires strict enforcement of traffic rules and regulations, particularly speed limits; reforms in driver's training and certification; improved safety culture of vehicle owners and design of road infrastructure. Ethiopia's national road safety strategy launched in July 2022 addresses these issues. Hence the government is taking steps in the right direction.
    Źródło:
    Journal of Sustainable Development of Transport and Logistics; 2022, 7, 2; 25--40
    2520-2979
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of Sustainable Development of Transport and Logistics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Identification of factors increasing the risk of pedestrian death in road accidents involving a pedestrian with a motor vehicle
    Autorzy:
    Macioszek, Elżbieta
    Granà, Anna
    Krawiec, Stanisław
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/27311776.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2023
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czasopisma i Monografie PAN
    Tematy:
    pedestrian
    pedestrian safety
    road traffic safety
    road crashes
    road transport
    road traffic engineering
    pieszy
    bezpieczeństwo pieszego
    bezpieczeństwo ruchu drogowego
    wypadki drogowe
    transport drogowy
    inżynieria ruchu drogowego
    Opis:
    Walking is a basic form of activity for every human being and has many advantages, including health, economic and environmental benefits. Every journey made using various means of transport begins and ends on foot. As is well known, the group of road users particularly exposed to the risk of serious injury in road accidents, apart from cyclists, also includes pedestrians. These are the so-called vulnerable road users. Pedestrians are a group of road users that is often deprecated by many drivers of motor vehicles, but very important in road traffic. Pedestrian injuries and pedestrian fatalities have enormous social and economic consequences. The problem of high pedestrian risk on Polish roads is well known and has been widely described in the scientific literature last few years. However, the reasons for this state of affairs have not been fully explained, as evidenced by the statistics of road traffic incidents. Despite many studies in this area, the causes indicated in the research often differ depending on the area of analysis, the environment in which the incident took place, location, participants of the incident, environmental conditions, behaviorism and many other features. Therefore, the main goal of the article was to determine the factors influencing the formation of fatalities in road traffic accidents among pedestrians in accidents involving pedestrians and motor vehicles in the Silesian Voivodeship (Poland) in 2016-2021. The logit model presented in the article allowed for the conclusion that the main attributes influencing the increasing the risk of pedestrian death in road accidents involving a pedestrian with a motor vehicle include such features as driving under the influence of alcohol by the driver, exceeding the speed limit by the vehicle driver, when the road incident involves a heavy vehicle (truck, bus), a pedestrian is a male, pedestrian is over 60 years old, is under the influence of alcohol, the incident took place outside built-up area, at night, i.e. from 10:00 p.m. up to 6:00 a.m, in other than good weather conditions. The obtained results can be used in various activities, campaigns aimed at improving the safety of pedestrian traffic in the area of the analysis.
    Źródło:
    Archives of Transport; 2023, 65, 1; 7--25
    0866-9546
    2300-8830
    Pojawia się w:
    Archives of Transport
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Implementing safety toolkit on the Fort Peck Indian Reservation, Montana
    Autorzy:
    Nazneen, Sahima
    Rezapour Mashhadi, Mahdi
    Ksaibati, Khaled
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2141067.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020
    Wydawca:
    Fundacja Centrum Badań Socjologicznych
    Tematy:
    Indian reservation
    crashes
    tribes
    crash injury
    Opis:
    Indian Reservations have suffered from high crash rates that lead to fatal and incapacitating injuries for years. Among numerous issues, resource gap, rustic nature of the reservations, cross jurisdictional issues, and scarce crash data, act as obstacles in an effort to reduce the number of these fatal and serious crashes. Numerous organizations have recognized the importance of addressing issues on Indian reservations and improving roadway safety. Wyoming Technology Transfer Center / Local Technical Assistance Program (WYT2/LTAP) center developed a safety toolkit for tribal communities to ascertain high-risk crash locations and determine the low-cost safety improvement countermeasures. This safety toolkit acts as a guideline providing information, field examples, and resources in key topic areas to improve roadway safety through the use of the five-step methodology from Wyoming Rural Road Safety Program. These steps included compiling and crash data analysis, level I field evaluation, combined ranking, level II field evaluation, and benefit-cost analysis. In this study, the safety toolkit was implemented on the Fort Peck Indian Reservation (FPIR), Montana, to provide the tribes with a real-life example. This study reveals that low-cost safety countermeasures have significant impacts in reducing the number of fatal and serious injury crashes on the FPIR. This methodology with slight modification can be applied to other Indian reservations or similar entities to improve roadway safety.
    Źródło:
    Journal of Sustainable Development of Transport and Logistics; 2020, 5, 1; 6-18
    2520-2979
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of Sustainable Development of Transport and Logistics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Investigating trends and characteristics of animal-vehicle crashes in Wyoming
    Autorzy:
    Roy, Uttara
    Ksaibati, Khaled
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2141161.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021
    Wydawca:
    Fundacja Centrum Badań Socjologicznych
    Tematy:
    trends of animal-vehicle crashes
    temporal patterns
    crash characteristics
    crash rates
    Opis:
    Animal-vehicle crashes (AVCs) are a severe concern in the United States as well as in Wyoming. This study investigated the current trends of AVCs and crash rate per vehicle miles traveled (VMT) for the State of Wyoming using police-reported crash data for ten years collected from the Wyoming Department of Transportation (WYDOT). The study also examined different driver, vehicular, roadway, and environmental conditions related factors that had a strong association with AVCs. The logistic regression model was developed to check how the factors prevalent in AVCs influence the severity of AVCs. The results showed that the percentage of AVCs to that of total crashes ranged from around 15% to 22%. Among different animals involved in crashes, the majority were deer. AVCs were found to have two peaks: dawn and dusk. AVC rate was found to be the highest in November. Also, dark and unlit conditions had a strong association with AVCs. Most of the AVCs tended to occur when there were no adverse weather conditions. When the speed limit was examined, it was found that the AVC crash rate tended to increase when the posted speed limit was higher than 60 mph. AVC rate was also higher when the road surface condition was dry. Higher posted speed limit, younger drivers, and dry road surface were also found to increase the severity of AVCs. The results identified in this study will be helpful to identify effective countermeasures to reduce AVCs in Wyoming.
    Źródło:
    Journal of Sustainable Development of Transport and Logistics; 2021, 6, 2; 25-42
    2520-2979
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of Sustainable Development of Transport and Logistics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Management of speeding comparing two applied engineering measures
    Autorzy:
    Ebrahim, Z.
    Nikraz, H.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/406968.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    speeding
    electronic signs
    traffic signs
    road crashes
    Chi-Square
    Opis:
    The importance of safety comes from the responsibility towards protecting the vulnerable road users, who seem to be the victims in most road crashes. Thus, authorities tend to focus on reducing the travelling speed of the vehicles, whereas some road users may consider the move to interfere with mobility. In this study, a case study in Perth’s two roads was conducted to compare two engineering treatments of speed reductions on these two busy shopping strips. The study aim is to illustrate the effect of using the electronic flashing signs rather than the standard signs in terms of speeding reduction and harm minimisation. Crash data were analysed and supported the safety benefits of the electronic flashing signs. Authorities have measured the reduction of the travelling speeds of vehicles and found it to be encouraging. There are clear, positive safety benefits from the study in terms of engineering and enforcement measures.
    Źródło:
    Management and Production Engineering Review; 2013, 4, 3; 10-14
    2080-8208
    2082-1344
    Pojawia się w:
    Management and Production Engineering Review
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Overview and analysis of dummies used for crash tests
    Autorzy:
    Jaśkiewicz, M.
    Jurecki, R.
    Witaszek, K.
    Więckowski, D.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/359906.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013
    Wydawca:
    Akademia Morska w Szczecinie. Wydawnictwo AMSz
    Tematy:
    safety
    anthropometric dummies
    crashes
    Opis:
    This article is a description of the construction of dummies used in crash tests of vehicles. Dummies are classified according to their use in different types of crash tests. The noticeable improvement in the construction of dummies, their properties and similarity to humans man, is clearly visible referring to first dummies with modern ones.
    Źródło:
    Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Szczecinie; 2013, 35 (107); 22-31
    1733-8670
    2392-0378
    Pojawia się w:
    Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Szczecinie
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Przesłanki do udoskonalania systemów zabezpieczeń biernych w zderzeniach bocznych
    Motivations for improving passive safety systems for side crashes
    Autorzy:
    Gierczycka-Zbrożek, D.
    Zwierzchowski, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/312511.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2010
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Naukowo-Wydawniczy "SPATIUM"
    Tematy:
    zderzenia boczne
    bezpieczeństwo ruchu drogowego
    wypadki drogowe
    przyczyny wypadków
    side crashes
    road safety
    road accidents
    reasons of crash
    Opis:
    W artykule przedstawiono zagadnienia, jakim są zderzenia boczne. Zwrócono uwagę na wyjątkowo wysoki odsetek osób powyżej 65 roku życia powodujących tego typu wypadki. Podjęto próbę wyjaśnienia możliwych przyczyn powszechnego występowania tego typu kolizji wśród osób starszych oraz zasygnalizowano tendencje demograficzne, mogące mieć wpływ na zwiększenie się zakresu problemu. W pracy przedstawiono istniejące rozwiązania z zakresu bezpieczeństwa biernego, mające na celu zminimalizowanie obrażeń w zderzeniach bocznych.
    The paper gives a short overview of the problem of side crashes. Special attentions is focused on elderly drivers, frequently involved at-fault in this type of collisions. A description of possible reasons of causing such crashes by elderly is given and demographical tendencies, possibly increasing the range of the problem, are presented. The existing passive safety solutions minimizing injuries during side crashes and research plans of Wroclaw University of Technology are also explained.
    Źródło:
    Autobusy : technika, eksploatacja, systemy transportowe; 2010, 11, 6
    1509-5878
    2450-7725
    Pojawia się w:
    Autobusy : technika, eksploatacja, systemy transportowe
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The identification of damping and stiffness parameters of a driver model on the basis of crash tests
    Autorzy:
    Jaśkiewicz, M.
    Stańczyk, T.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/244137.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2009
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
    Tematy:
    passive safety
    crashes
    parameter identification
    protection
    head injuries
    Opis:
    The following paper presents the identification of damping and stiffness parameters o f a man model on the basis of crash tests conducted in PIMot. The frame analysis of the film with a registered crash test was conducted. On the basis of this analysis there were prepared the characteristics of horizontal and vertical displacements in time function and a movement trajectory for each part of the dummy. Theses characteristics were used in an identification procedure. The values of identified parameters were stipulated in the work. The correctness of obtained results has been illustrated by the comparison of results of tests and a computer simulation conducted with the use o f a dynamic man model and identified parameters values. Obtained results were used to conduct simulations which show the influence of an age weakened muscle structure of a man (manifested with the decrease of the values of damping and stiffness parameters) onto the man movement during a crash. Additionally it has been illustrated the conformity of obtained test results through the presentation of frames of the film from the test with a model outline from computer simulation. Conducted simulations demonstrate that more serious injuries during car crashes with elderly people may be caused not only by a age decreasing man body strength.
    Źródło:
    Journal of KONES; 2009, 16, 1; 229-238
    1231-4005
    2354-0133
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of KONES
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-13 z 13

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