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Wyszukujesz frazę "crash safety" wg kryterium: Temat


Tytuł:
Impact Loads and Crash Safety of the Cockpit of a Composite Glider
Autorzy:
Lindstedt, Łukasz
Rodzewicz, Mirosław
Rzymkowski, Cezary
Kędzior, Krzysztof
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/97825.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Lotnictwa
Tematy:
crash safety
composite glider
model experimental validation
Opis:
One major problem associated with gliding is the safety of the crew during landings in the country outside the airfield. The analysis of glider-accident statistics shows that such out-landings may significantly influence the safety. Therefore, of vital importance are the crashworthiness properties of the glider fuselage structure. The subject of the study was the PW-5 glider fuselage made of composites and subjected to high loads typical of glider crashes. The aim was to provide experimental data for validation of a numerical model of the cockpit-pilot system during impact. Two experimental tests with the composite glider cockpit were performed using a typical car-crash track. During the first test the cockpit with a dummy inside was crashed onto the ground at the angle of 45 degrees at a speed of 55 km/h. Accelerations and deformations at chosen points in the cockpit as well as signals coming from the dummy sensors and forces in the seat belts were recorded. The second test was an impact into a concrete wall at a speed of about 80 km/h. The full-scale tests were accompanied by a number of quasi-static and dynamic laboratory tests on samples of composite material. The experimental tests provided valuable results for the parametrical identification of a simulation model developed using the MADYMO software.
Źródło:
Fatigue of Aircraft Structures; 2019, 11; 39-55
2081-7738
2300-7591
Pojawia się w:
Fatigue of Aircraft Structures
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The safety of motorcycle users
Autorzy:
Bańkowski, Antoni
Frej, Damian
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/24200874.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz. Przemysłowy Instytut Motoryzacji
Tematy:
motorcycles
crash tests
safety
Opis:
There are more and more motorcycles on the roads. This can be seen, for example, on the basis of statistical data from the Central Statistical Office, where newly registered two-wheelers are presented. Based on the data, it can be seen that there are more and more newly registered motorcycles every year and that there are many road accidents involving two-wheelers. According to data provided by the WHO, as many as 28% of fatalities in road accidents are motorcycle drivers [10]. The article below presents a review of the literature related to motorcycle crash tests and the dummies used for the tests. The work presents the most important standard that regulates how motorcycle crash tests are performed. The main purpose of the article is to draw attention to the problem of safety of motorcycle users. The text describes various crash tests of two-wheelers and stands used for testing motorcycles. The work presents a dummy specially designed for crash tests involving motorcycles. Differences between this dummy and other dummies used have also been described. The paper discusses the literature and describes research related to crash tests.
Źródło:
Archiwum Motoryzacji; 2023, 101, 3; 32--49
1234-754X
2084-476X
Pojawia się w:
Archiwum Motoryzacji
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Aircraft crash onto a nuclear power plant : screening procedure and approach for a probabilistic analysis
Autorzy:
Berg, H.-P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2069647.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Morski w Gdyni. Polskie Towarzystwo Bezpieczeństwa i Niezawodności
Tematy:
aircraft crash
crash frequency
probabilistic safety assessment
screening
Opis:
International experience has shown that external hazards (e.g. aircraft crash, flooding) can be safety significant contributors to the risk in case of nuclear power plants` operation. This is due to the fact that such hazards have the potential to reduce simultaneously the level of redundancy by damaging redundant systems or their supporting systems. In this paper, the procedure for the external hazard aircraft crash is described In more detail, starting with the screening procedure in order to determine scope and content of the assessment and the approach for those cases where a full scope analysis has to be performed. The consideration regarding this hazard does as not cover an intended aircraft crash.
Źródło:
Journal of Polish Safety and Reliability Association; 2010, 1, 1; 27--34
2084-5316
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Polish Safety and Reliability Association
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Analysis of the selection of a child seat
Autorzy:
Karwala, Łukasz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/24200866.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz. Przemysłowy Instytut Motoryzacji
Tematy:
child seat
crash tests
safety
Opis:
The selection of a child seat is not an easy task for future parents. Information about child seats, assembly methods, usability and prices affect the purchasing preferences of parents or legal guardians of children. The article contains information about the factors to pay attention to when buying a child seat. The main purpose of the article is to analyze and evaluate information on the selection of a vehicle seat for the right passenger vehicle and child. The article discusses information about the ADAC child seat crash test and the plus test, which are mainly performed for rear-facing child seats.The article presents information on groups of child seats and the method of their installation in a passenger vehicle. The purchasing predispositions of parents and legal guardians in terms of the selection of a child seat were also described. It should be noted that most respondents pay attention to the level of safety of child seats than to their price.
Źródło:
Archiwum Motoryzacji; 2023, 101, 3; 86--95
1234-754X
2084-476X
Pojawia się w:
Archiwum Motoryzacji
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A stand for the modelling of crash tests of some parts critical to the passive safety of a vehicle
Stanowisko do modelowania prób zderzeniowych wybranych elementów decydujących o bezpieczeństwie biernym pojazdu
Autorzy:
Gołaszewski, A.
Surmiński, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1364802.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz. Przemysłowy Instytut Motoryzacji
Tematy:
bezpieczeństwo bierne
crash test
passive safety
Opis:
Results of investigations of modelled crash tests have been presented. The results were obtained with the use of a measuring stand that was designed and built at the Department of Vehicles and Fundamentals of Machine Design of the Technical University of Lodz for the simulation of vehicle collisions together with the accompanying phenomena. The stand included a scale vehicle model made of steel profiles with adjustable crumple zone size and variable pre-crash mass, a model acceleration track with a precise vehicle start positioning system where the model was brought to its starting position with the use of a tractor provided with a stepping motor, a non-deformable obstacle, as well as time and deceleration measuring systems. The basic design requirements adopted and the stand calibration procedures have been presented. The research possibilities related to the investigation of modelled crash tests have been described and illustrated with measurement examples. The stand makes it possible to carry out model tests both on the controlled crumple zone and, after inverting the reaction system, on energy-absorbing traffic barriers. Apart from being used by University staff for their own research work, the stand has constituted for several years a cognitively attractive facility willingly used by students during their laboratory classes in subjects related to vehicle construction and passive safety problems.
W artykule zostały zaprezentowane wyniki otrzymane podczas badań modelowych prób zderzeniowych. Zostały one uzyskane przy wykorzystaniu opracowanego i zbudowanego w Katedrze Pojazdów i Podstaw Budowy Maszyn Politechniki Łódzkiej stanowiska pomiarowego do symulacji zderzeń oraz zjawisk im towarzyszących. W skład stanowiska wchodzi redukcyjny model pojazdu wykonany z profili stalowych, posiadający regulowaną wielkość strefy zgniotu oraz zmienną masę przedzderzeniową, tor jezdny z precyzyjnym pozycjonowaniem położenia początkowego modelu pojazdu za pomocą ciągnika ustawiającego model na pozycji startowej przy wykorzystaniu silnika krokowego, nieodkształcalna przeszkoda oraz systemy pomiarowe czasu i opóźnień. Zaprezentowano założenia projektowe oraz procedury kalibracji stanowiska. Przedstawione zostały możliwości poznawcze związane z badaniami modelowymi prób zderzeniowych zilustrowane przykładowymi pomiarami. Stanowisko pozwala na badania modelowe zarówno odnoszące się do stref kontrolowanego zgniotu pojazdu jak i po odwróceniu reakcji do modelowych badań barier energochłonnych. Oprócz badań własnych przedstawione stanowisko stanowi od kilku lat atrakcyjny poznawczo składnik studenckich zajęć laboratoryjnych z przedmiotów związanych z budową pojazdów a także problemami bezpieczeństwa biernego.
Źródło:
Archiwum Motoryzacji; 2012, 3; 47-56
1234-754X
2084-476X
Pojawia się w:
Archiwum Motoryzacji
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Analysis of properties of operation of the supporting equipment for the seat belts
Autorzy:
Żuchowski, A.
Jackowski, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/242023.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
vehicle safety
crash tests
safety belt
pretensioner
force limiter
Opis:
Applying the pretensioners and the belt force limiters in cars had a positive impact on the seat belts effectiveness in protecting the people driving against the effects of collisions. In this way, delayed action of the seat belts, resulting from the flexibility of the belt and the operating time of the retractor locking mechanism, was partially eliminated. The tasks and properties of the pretensioners and force limiters used in cars will be described in the paper. Implementations of the forces acting at the driver's lap belts and shoulder belts during a frontal collision into a rigid barrier, at the speed of 56km/h, will be presented. On this basis the properties of the pretensioners and belt force limiters will be determined. The characteristics of rigidity (force - displacement) of the shoulder belts of various designs will be presented, too. On the basis of the results of the crash tests (NHTSA, USA) for several cars the dynamic loads, which act on the driver during a frontal collision into a rigid barrier, will be analysed. The biomechanical indices of the human immune to the effects of shock loads will be taken into account. The analysis will include the passenger cars (sedan) from the years 1995 – 2004, which were fitted with the seat belts of various designs.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2011, 18, 1; 697-704
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Crashworthiness of a type 228M rail vehicle
Autorzy:
Witkowski, Dawid
Tarnawski, Piotr
Stefańska, Natalia
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/32101700.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022-12-28
Wydawca:
Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Poznański Instytut Technologiczny
Tematy:
crashworthiness
crash
rail vehicle
rail safety norms
Opis:
This article presents crashworthiness issues based on the design of the 228M type light rail vehicle. Meeting the requirements of the standard requires the use of appropriate components dedicated to energy absorption and ensuring adequate strength of the body. After analyzing the scenarios, it can be concluded whether type light rail vehicle. 228M meets the normative requirements for crashworthiness.
Źródło:
Rail Vehicles/Pojazdy Szynowe; 2022, 3-4; 37-43
0138-0370
2719-9630
Pojawia się w:
Rail Vehicles/Pojazdy Szynowe
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Comparative analysis of frontal zone of deformation in vehicles with self-supporting and framed bodies
Autorzy:
Prochowski, L.
Żółtowski, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/247110.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
transport
road safety
vehicle safety
crash tests
body deformation range
Opis:
The work considers changes occurred in the features of the supporting structure in three categories of cars, namely: with the self-supporting body, framed body an intermediate structures between these two solutions. The area of analysis includes the length of deformation (crush) of the front al part of the car after collision with a rigid obstacle (barrier). The range of deformation is a significant factor of the passive car safety and indicates the efficiency of fulfilling the protective function for the passengers. The work shows absolute and relative (percentage and unit) variations of the car deformation, depending on the year of manufacture, including the period of 1980 - 2010. Marked trend lines indicated general nature of the deformation range variations together with the improvement of the car supporting system structures. The course of the trend line has been calculated on the basis of average deformation length values, calculated in defined periods of vehicle manufacture. Selected sections of time result from the division of the period of analysis 1980 - 2010 into six parts. The analysis of the deformation length of the frontal part of passenger cars, SUVs and pickups has been combined with simultaneous evaluation of total car length variations and their weight values. The car weight directly affects the kinetic energy of the impact so it has a significant influence on the range of deformation of the car front during collision with an obstacle.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2011, 18, 4; 397-407
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Child safety in a car during a frontal collision
Autorzy:
Żuchowski, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/241889.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
road transport
vehicle safety
crash tests
child safety
booster seat
Opis:
Road accidents with participation of the children are of particular nature. According to surveys, the older children at the age of 8-12 years are often transported in cars in a wrong way. They are usually fastened with seat belts designed for adult passengers. In order to make the seat belts safe for a child, they should be used together with a booster cushion or a high back booster seat. This paper presents the test results and analysis of dynamic loads affecting a child in the back seat of a passenger car during a frontal collision. The car body was accelerated to a speed of about 48 km/h and then it was suddenly stopped in a time of about 100 ms. The analysis was carried out on the basis of results of experimental tests performed at the collision station in the Automotive Industry Institute in Warsaw. The attention was paid to the influence of protection device type on the P10 dummy, representing a child at the age of about 10 years. Three child protection options during a collision were considered: the dummy was sitting directly in a car seat, on a booster cushion and on a seat. The dummy was fastened with standard seat belts. Evaluation of the protection device influence on the dummy loads was given in association with the operation of the seat belts. During evaluation, the indexes of biomechanical resistance of a human body to the impact load effects were used. They made the basis for the evaluation of the child injury severity risk.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2013, 20, 1; 395-402
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Analysis of displacement of a concrete barrier on impact of a vehicle. theoretical model and experimental validation
Autorzy:
Prochowski, L.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/247667.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
transport
road transport
road safety
roadside crash
concrete barrier
safety barriers
Opis:
A vehicle hitting a traffic barrier creates a major threat to traffic safety as a result of displacement of components of the barrier by the forces transferred from the vehicle. We built a theoretical model of the dynamics of such processes and behaviour of concrete barriers set on various types of surfaces. We calculated the displacement as a function of vehicle impact energy and barrier base. We completed analytical approximation for our calculations and we referred the theoretical results to experimental test results. This validated our model of barrier and vehicle movement dynamics as fully qualified for use in the planning of safer barriers and evaluation of barrier effect on traffic. Basing on our calculations, we determined that a second-order polynomial can be used for describing the lateral displacement of a barrier placed on various types of surfaces for a wide range of impact energies (actually, from O to 120 kJ). The courses of the approximating function represent an efficient model for determining the maximum lateral displacement of a concrete barrier on impact of a B or C segment vehicle.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2010, 17, 4; 399-406
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The analysis of occupant motion in frontal barrier impact of a chassis frame vehicle
Autorzy:
Prochowski, L.
Zielonka, K.
Żuchowski, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/244471.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
transport
road safety
vehicle safety
crash tests
frontal accidents
occupant kinematic
Opis:
Human body motion during a road accident usually results from the effect of forces of inertia. The analysis of that motion, particularly displacements towards the vehicle interior have significant practical aspect as it facilitates conclusions concerning the mechanisms of danger and injury formation. At the same time, the analysis provides direct indications regarding the improvement of passive safety equipment. The paper presents the time-space diagrams of motion of dummy’s head, neck, torso and hips – the driver of a frame chassis vehicle, identified on the basis of results of the measurements registered in frontal barrier impact and the frame-by-frame analysis of videos recorded during the course of experiment. Courses of these diagrams were associated with acceleration measurement results and forces affecting the parts of the dummy. The experiment showed the complex nature of the influence on the dummy caused by the forces of inertia after a collision of the vehicle with an barrier, vehicle body motion against the frame, reactions in the safety belts, friction on a seat and contact reaction of the vehicle interior equipment. At the same time, it presented the possibilities of indicating the courses of speed variations and dummy displacement as well as significant limitations of calculation possibilities that result from a fact that the process of the impact on the vehicle interior elements is hard to describe.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2011, 18, 1; 491-502
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The analysis of the influence of the rear seat passenger position on the kinematics and dynamic loads on a torso and legs during a road accident
Autorzy:
Prochowski, L.,
Żuchowski, A,
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/245281.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
road transport
vehicle safety
crash tests
safety of passengers
rear seat
Opis:
The analysis carried out by the authors indicates high threat to the rear seat passengers in passenger cars during a road accident. Vehicle designers indicate potential threats for passengers when they take a position in a car which is unexpected by a manufacturer of passive protection systems. Based on that, the tests were prepared in order to consider several different positions of a rear seat passenger. In particular, attention was paid to a threat to passengers when they take a position unexpected by a manufacturer of the passive protection systems in a car. Indicating and justifying a need to adjust the operation of the individual protection means to a passenger anatomy and current passenger position in a car in order to optimize his protection makes an important aim of these tests. This paper presents the results of the tests performed with a Hybrid III dummy, size M50, placed in three different positions in the back seat of a car. During each test, a series of physical values were measured and the motion of a dummy against the car body and the car interior components were filmed. The effects resulting from a change of a passenger’s position, observed on the courses of dynamic loads occurring during an accident, were analysed. Despite of small changes to a passenger’s position, their significant influence on the dummy movement during a frontal collision of a car and an obstacle was observed.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2013, 20, 2; 335-342
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Crash testy urządzeń infrastruktury drogowej w Inowrocławiu
Crash tests of road infrastructure facilities in Inowrocław
Autorzy:
Szruba, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/364091.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Nowoczesne Budownictwo Inżynieryjne
Tematy:
crash test
bezpieczeństwo
najechanie
bariera
safety
hovering
barrier
Opis:
25 czerwca 2014 r. w Inowrocławiu już po raz czwarty odbyły się crash testy (testy zderzeniowe) urządzeń infrastruktury drogowej. Po raz pierwszy w Polsce, przy udziale zaproszonych gości i mediów, przeprowadzono także crash test z wykorzystaniem autobusu. Spotkanie zgromadziło ponad 180 osób.
For the fourth time, road infrastructure facilities crash tests were held on 25 June 2014 in Inowrocław. Also a public crash test with the use of a bus was conducted for the first time in Poland, which was observed by guests and the media.
Źródło:
Nowoczesne Budownictwo Inżynieryjne; 2014, 5; 95
1734-6681
Pojawia się w:
Nowoczesne Budownictwo Inżynieryjne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Risk of injury for the front and rear seat passengers of the passenger cars in frontal impact
Autorzy:
Żuchowski, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/246867.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
road transport
vehicle safety
crash tests
safety of passengers
rear seat
Opis:
The dynamic loads acting on a human body during a road accident may cause bodily injuries. They are dependent not only on the car structure and applied means of individual protection but also on the anthropometric features of a human body and its location in car. The safety of the car occupants on the rear seats in the passenger cars has been treated as a secondary issue so far. The achieved stage of the structure of that equipment for the rear seat occupants makes an important confirmation of that state. Usually there is no adjustment of the seat belt fixing point position, seat belt pretensioners, seat adjustment. This paper considers the risk of injury for the front and rear seat passengers of the passenger cars on the basis of analysis of dynamic loads that can affect them during the road accident. The attention was paid to the adults and children aged about 10 years. The dynamic loads were analysed with making use of experimental results of frontal flat barrier impact. During the tests, the passengers are protected by typical passive safety systems on the front and the rear seats. In the evaluation used the criteria of the biomechanical human body resistance to the impact load effect. The attention is paid to relations between a seat occupied in a car and the probability of injuries. The analysis of the laboratory impact tests was preceded by the assessment of risk of injury of the front and rear seat passengers in the real road accidents, which has been prepared based on the literature data.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2012, 19, 3; 507-518
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
An approach to improve passive safety by means of "active bumper" which compensates the łuck of cars compatibility as well as different aggressivity when frontal impact of a large truck and a motor car is under consideration
Autorzy:
Kaźmierczak, A.
Górniak, A.
Kawaliło, P.
Krakowian, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/243990.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
safety
crash test
compatibility
aggressivity
occupant protection
accident
Opis:
The seriousness of an impact "large truck - motor vehicle" has been exhibited. The procedures of truck and motor car s crash testing were compared in order to point out the necessity of car s crashworthiness investigation in terms of compatibility and impacts between vehicles with large difference in mass and rigidity. Furthermore the paper explains a course of frontal impact between large truck and motor car in order to proof the necessity of cars compatibility as well as aggressivity investigation. The mass effect along with rigidity effect was exhibited as well. Moreover, the paper explains the design as well as objectives of the passive safety devices of both motor car and large truck. The concept of another, innovative passive safety device such as "active bumper" has been emphasized. Its working principia, adaptive control as well as the diagrammatically presented design were pointed out. The bumpers control is very difficult as it will be entirely independent from a driver and it has to operate in random condition, therefore, the paper contains a proposition of controlling algorithm of the "active bumper". It also contains explanation of adaptation of the "active bumper" with various working condition as well as consideration of the "active bumper" application with various types of large trucks design.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2010, 17, 3; 181-188
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł

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