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Wyświetlanie 1-11 z 11
Tytuł:
ON SOME SELECTED PROBLEMS OF KOREAN ABBREVIOLOGY
한국어 축약형에 관한 고찰
Wybrane zagadnienia z zakresu abrewiologii języka koreańskiego
Autorzy:
BOROWIAK, Anna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1040349.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016-11-04
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
Korean
abbreviated forms
grammatical abbreviation
clippings
contractions
Opis:
Given the fact that we live in the era where the pace of life is constantly speeding up, it is no surprise that ‘the economy of language’ - meaning the efficient usage of language in order to achieve the maximum effect for the minimum effort has become so important in everyday life. Using abbreviated forms of different kinds is supposed to help us to economize continuously insufficient amount of time. Their overuse, however, can hamper effective communication and bring the adverse effect from what the speaker’s intention was – namely to communicate the message clearly and unambiguously and receive a response to it in a short time. Incomprehension or misunderstanding of the message leads, in fact, to unnecessarily prolonging the conversation since it requires asking additional questions in order to explain what is unclear to the listener. Reduced forms used mainly in spoken Korean can largely be divided into lexical and grammatical ones. Lexical shortenings of different kinds such as acronyms, blends, clippings etc. although rarely and rather briefly discussed by Korean linguists and basically excluded from the debate on word-formation issues definitely deserve much more attention taking into account their extensive usage. As for grammatical abbreviations, despite its frequent occurrence, the subject is not that often taken up and discussed either. The aim of this article is to present some characteristic properties of grammatical abbreviations used mainly in spoken Korean. The reduced forms in question will be divided into three categories namely - particles, endings and grammatical constructions and discussed separately. This article however focuses only on those abbreviated forms, which means leaving the subject of particle or word ellipsis beyond its scope.
우리는 생활의 속도가 지속적으로 가속화되어 가고 있는 시대에서 살고 있다. 이러한 사실을 감안해 볼 때 최소의 노력으로 최대의 효과를 얻을 수 있다는 목적을 달성하기 위한 ‘언어의 경제성’이 일상생활에서 그만큼 중요해졌다는 것은 놀랄 만한 일이 아니다. 다양한 종류의 ‘줄어든 말 (축약)’의 사용은 충분하지 않은 시간을 절약할 수 있도록 우리에게 도움을 준다. 그런데 ‘줄어든 말’의 남용은 원활한 의사소통을 방해할 수 있으며, 결국에는 분명하고 명확하게 정보를 전달하고 짧은 시간 안에 청자의 응답을 받으려는 화자의 의지와는 전혀 다른 반응, 즉 역효과를 가져올 수도 있다. 실제로 화자가 말한 내용을 청자가 이해하지 못하거나, 잘못 이해한 경우에는 불필요한 담화를 지속해야 할 수도 있다. 왜냐하면 명확하지 못한 부분을 설명하기 위한 추가 질문과 대답이 필요하기 때문이다. 대체로 구어체 한국어에서 사용되는 축약형은 크게 어휘 단위가 축약된 ‘준말’과 문법적인 단위의 음운 탈락이나 축약인 ‘줄어든 말’로 나눌 수 있다. 두문자어 (acronyms), 혼성어 (blends), 단축어 (clipping) 등과 같은 축소된 어휘 단위가 한국 언어학자들에 의하여 간략하게 언급되며 기본적으로 어휘형성법에 관한 논의에서 제외되어 있으나, 일상생활에서 그러한 어휘의 광범위한 사용을 고려한다면 훨씬 더 많은 연구의 대상이 되어야 한다. 그리고 문법 단위가 축약된 형태 또한 빈번하게 사용됨에도 불구하고 연구의 대상이 되는 경우는 흔하지 않다. 본 연구는 주로 구어체 한국어에서 사용되는 축약된 문법 단위를 관찰하여 그 특질을 드러내는 데에 목적이 있다. 본 연구는 조사와 어미, 문법적 구조의 세 가지 범주를 대상으로 하위 구분하여 논의할 것이다. 그러나 이 연구는 축약된 문법 단위만을 논의 주제로 삼되 조사나 어휘의 탈락은 논외로 한다.
Źródło:
International Journal of Korean Humanities and Social Sciences; 2015, 1; 137-164
2449-7444
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Korean Humanities and Social Sciences
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Properties of two variables Toeplitz type operators
Autorzy:
Król-Klimkowska, Elżbieta
Ptak, Marek
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/744673.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016-12-01
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Pedagogiczny im. Komisji Edukacji Narodowej w Krakowie
Tematy:
Pair of contractions
isometric dilation
doubly commuting
Toeplitz operator
symbol operator
Opis:
The investigation of properties of generalized Toeplitz operators with respect to the pairs of doubly commuting contractions (the abstract analogue of classical two variable Toeplitz operators) is proceeded. We especially concentrate on the condition of existence such a non-zero operator. There are also presented conditions of analyticity of such an operator.
Źródło:
Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis. Studia Mathematica; 2016, 15
2300-133X
Pojawia się w:
Annales Universitatis Paedagogicae Cracoviensis. Studia Mathematica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Antyarytmiczny efekt terapeutyczny wielonienasyconych kwasów tłuszczowych omega-3 zastosowanych w leczeniu arytmii komorowej u 15-letniej pływaczki – opis przypadku
Antiarrhythmic therapeutic effect of polyunsaturated omega-3 fatty acids used in treatment of ventricular arrhythmia in 15-year-old female swimmer – case report
Autorzy:
Krenc, Zbigniew
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1033461.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Medical Communications
Tematy:
antiarrhythmic therapy
athletes
n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids
ventricular contractions
przedwczesne pobudzenia komorowe
terapia antyarytmiczna
wielonienasycone kwasy tłuszczowe
omega-3
sportowcy
Opis:
Premature ventricular contractions are common, both in the general population and among athletes. These arrhythmias are characterized by a heterogeneous aetiology and different clinical significance. They may develop not only as a sign of structural heart disease (e.g. myocarditis, cardiomyopathy, myocardial ischaemia, heart defects), genetically determined ion channel dysfunctions, but also as a result of electrolyte imbalances and adverse effects of pharmacotherapy. However, it is not possible to determine their causes in some of the patients. Premature ventricular contractions in patients with heart disease may be a trigger for life-threatening arrhythmias, especially during physical exercise. Antiarrhythmic agents having various mechanisms of action, particularly β-adrenergic blocking agents and, in some cases, invasive procedures such as ablation of an arrhythmogenic focus, are used for the treatment of ventricular arrhythmias. Some of the dietary supplements, polyunsaturated omega-3 fatty acids in particular, may also be effective. Epidemiological and experimental studies as well as randomized clinical trials indicate that n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids show antiarrhythmic properties by direct effects on electrophysical processes in cardiomyocytes – both atrial and ventricular. Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids were observed to have, among other things, the following effects: inhibiting some of the ionic currents (sodium, L-type calcium, potassium), increasing parasympathetic tone and decreasing the sensitivity of β-adrenergic receptors. This paper presents a case of idiopathic ventricular arrhythmia in a 15-year-old female swimmer successfully treated with n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids.
Komorowe pobudzenia przedwczesne są częstą arytmią serca zarówno w populacji ogólnej, jak i u sportowców. Arytmie te cechują się heterogenną etiologią i różnym znaczeniem klinicznym. Mogą być objawem strukturalnej choroby serca (np. zapalenia mięśnia sercowego, kardiomiopatii, niedokrwienia mięśnia sercowego, wady serca), genetycznie uwarunkowanych dysfunkcji kanałów jonowych, ale także zaburzeń elektrolitowych czy działań niepożądanych niektórych leków. U części pacjentów nie udaje się jednak zidentyfikować ich przyczyny. Pobudzenia przedwczesne pochodzenia komorowego u osób z chorobą serca mogą stanowić mechanizm spustowy dla zagrażających życiu arytmii, zwłaszcza w czasie aktywności fizycznej. W leczeniu komorowych zaburzeń rytmu znalazły zastosowanie leki antyarytmiczne o różnym mechanizmie działania, przede wszystkim blokujące receptory β-adrenergiczne, a w niektórych przypadkach także metody inwazyjne, takie jak ablacja ogniska arytmogennego. Skuteczne mogą być też niektóre suplementy diety, szczególnie wielonienasycone kwasy tłuszczowe omega-3. Jak wynika z badań epidemiologicznych, randomizowanych badań klinicznych oraz eksperymentalnych, wielonienasycone kwasy tłuszczowe omega-3 wykazują antyarytmiczne właściwości poprzez bezpośredni wpływ na procesy elektrofizjologiczne kardiomiocytów - zarówno przedsionków, jak i komór serca. Zaobserwowano, że wielonienasycone kwasy tłuszczowe omega-3 powodują m.in. hamowanie niektórych prądów jonowych (sodowych, wapniowych typu L, potasowych), zwiększenie napięcia układu przywspółczulnego i zmniejszenie wrażliwości receptorów β-adrenergicznych. Niniejsza praca prezentuje przypadek 15-letniej pływaczki z rozpoznaną idiopatyczną arytmią komorową skutecznie leczoną wielonienasyconymi kwasami tłuszczowymi omega-3.
Źródło:
Pediatria i Medycyna Rodzinna; 2015, 11, 1; 105-111
1734-1531
2451-0742
Pojawia się w:
Pediatria i Medycyna Rodzinna
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Częstotliwość skurczów serca uczniów klasy iv szkoły podstawowej na lekcji wychowania fizycznego z zakresu koszykówki
Heart contractions frequency of the fourth grade students of the primary school during basketball class
Autorzy:
Świerzko, Kamil
Rokita, Andrzej
Popowczak, Marek
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/464948.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Akademia Wychowania Fizycznego we Wrocławiu
Tematy:
częstość skurczów serca
koszykówka
szkoła podstawowa
uczeń
wychowanie fizyczne
heart contractions frequency
polar team system
primary school
students
physical education
Opis:
Background. The fading spontaneous motor activity of children and teenagers causes the fall of physical fitness. Therefore schools introduced physical education classes to improve this. The purpose of the research was a diagnosis of the intensity of physical education classes. Material and methods. The study diagnosed 58 fourth grade students of primary school in Wołów. The main research method was a direct observation technique. The intensity of the classes was evaluated with the Polar Team2 System. Results. The highest mean of the heart contractions frequency appeared during the play “tag with the ball” – 186.5 bpm. HR max in first two games was on the level of 186 ± 1 bpm. In next three games heart contractions frequency was 174.96 ± 5 bpm. The longest-lasting heart contractions frequency during the class was 70–79 % HR max. Even pulse and HR higher than max 70% lasted 24 minutes and 29 seconds. Conclusion. The study showed a significant variation in exercise intensity during the various stages of the class, as evidenced by the curve of average values of heart rate.
Źródło:
Rozprawy Naukowe Akademii Wychowania Fizycznego we Wrocławiu; 2014, 44; 99-108
0239-4375
Pojawia się w:
Rozprawy Naukowe Akademii Wychowania Fizycznego we Wrocławiu
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
CORPORATE DEBT AND CRISIS SEVERITY IN EUROPE
Autorzy:
Niemczak, Kinga
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/599452.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Wyższa Szkoła Informatyki i Zarządzania z siedzibą w Rzeszowie
Tematy:
corporate debt
crisis
European Union
financial structure
growth contractions
Opis:
The aim of this paper is to analyse the financial structure of non-financial corporations in the European Union prior to the 2008 crisis and to determine whether the ex-ante differences in corporate financial structure had an impact on the severity of the 2008 financial crisis in European countries. The analysis confirms a negative relationship between the corporate debt ratio prior to the crisis and crisis-induced contractions in corporate investment and GDP. The results indicate a greater importance of the growth in corporate indebtedness in the years prior to the crisis for crisis vulnerability than solely the level of debt immediately before the crisis. The paper has several important implications for crisis prevention and mitigation policy.
Źródło:
Finansowy Kwartalnik Internetowy e-Finanse; 2013, 9, 1; 35-43
1734-039X
Pojawia się w:
Finansowy Kwartalnik Internetowy e-Finanse
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
On the Existence of Common Fixed Points for Semigroups of Nonlinear Mappings in Modular Function Spaces
Autorzy:
Kozlowski, Wojciech M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/745208.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Matematyczne
Tematy:
Fixed point
common fixed point
nonexpansive mapping
contractions
semigroup of mappings
modular function space
modular space
Orlicz space
Musielak-Orlicz space
Opis:
Let \(C\) be a \(\rho\)-bounded, \(\rho\)-closed, convex subset of a modular function space \(L_\rho\). We investigate the existence of common fixed points for semigroups of nonlinear mappings \(T_t\colon C\to C\), i.e. a family such that \(T_0(x) = x\), \(T_{s+t} = T_s (T_t (x))\), where each \(T_t\) is either \(\rho\)-contraction or \(\rho\)-nonexpansive. We also briefly discuss existence of such semigroups and touch upon applications to differential equations.
Źródło:
Commentationes Mathematicae; 2011, 51, 1
0373-8299
Pojawia się w:
Commentationes Mathematicae
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Semigroup of Contractions of Wreath Products of Metric Spaces
Autorzy:
Oliynyk, Bogdana
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/729049.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Zielonogórski. Wydział Matematyki, Informatyki i Ekonometrii
Tematy:
metric space
wreath product
semigroup of contractions
Opis:
In this paper semigroups of contractions of metric spaces are considered. The semigroup of contractions of the wreath product of metric spaces is calculated.
Źródło:
Discussiones Mathematicae - General Algebra and Applications; 2010, 30, 1; 35-43
1509-9415
Pojawia się w:
Discussiones Mathematicae - General Algebra and Applications
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Degenerate evolution problems and Beta-type operators
Autorzy:
Attalienti, Antonio
Campiti, Michele
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1206074.pdf
Data publikacji:
2000
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Matematyczny PAN
Tematy:
approximation process
$C_0$-semigroups of contractions
Beta-type operators
differential operators
Opis:
The present paper is concerned with the study of the differential operator Au(x):=α(x)u''(x)+β(x)u'(x) in the space C([0,1)] and of its adjoint Bv(x):=((αv)'(x)-β(x)v(x))' in the space $L^1(0,1)$, where α(x):=x(1-x)/2 (0≤x≤1). A careful analysis of their main properties is carried out in view of some generation results available in [6, 12, 20] and [25]. In addition, we introduce and study two different kinds of Beta-type operators as a generalization of similar operators defined in [18]. Among the corresponding approximation results, we show how they can be used in order to represent explicitly the solutions of the Cauchy problems associated with the operators A and Ã, where à is equal to B up to a suitable bounded additive perturbation.
Źródło:
Studia Mathematica; 2000, 140, 2; 117-139
0039-3223
Pojawia się w:
Studia Mathematica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
On a vector-valued local ergodic theorem in $L_∞$
Autorzy:
Sato, Ryotaro
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1217311.pdf
Data publikacji:
1999
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Matematyczny PAN
Tematy:
vector-valued local ergodic theorem
reflexive Banach space
d-dimensional semigroup of linear contractions
contraction majorant
Opis:
Let $T = {T(u): u ∈ ℝ_d^{+}}$ be a strongly continuous d-dimensional semigroup of linear contractions on $L_1((Ω,Σ,μ);X)$, where (Ω,Σ,μ) is a σ-finite measure space and X is a reflexive Banach space. Since $L_1((Ω,Σ,μ);X)* = L_∞((Ω,Σ,μ);X*)$, the adjoint semigroup $T* = {T*(u): u ∈ ℝ_d^{+}}$ becomes a weak*-continuous semigroup of linear contractions acting on $L_∞((Ω,Σ,μ);X*)$. In this paper the local ergodic theorem is studied for the adjoint semigroup T*. Assuming that each T(u), $u ∈ ℝ_d^{+}$, has a contraction majorant P(u) defined on $L_1((Ω,Σ,μ);ℝ)$, that is, P(u) is a positive linear contraction on $L_1((Ω,Σ,μ);ℝ)$ such that $‖T(u)f(ω)‖ ≤ P(u)‖f(·)‖(ω)$ almost everywhere on Ω for every $⨍ ∈ L_1((Ω,Σ,μ);X)$, we prove that the local ergodic theorem holds for T*.
Źródło:
Studia Mathematica; 1999, 132, 3; 285-298
0039-3223
Pojawia się w:
Studia Mathematica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wold-type extension for N-tuples of commuting contractions
Autorzy:
Kosiek, Marek
Octavio, Alfredo
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1216255.pdf
Data publikacji:
1999
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Matematyczny PAN
Tematy:
contractions
dilations
extensions
Opis:
Let (T_1,…,T_N) be an N-tuple of commuting contractions on a separable, complex, infinite-dimensional Hilbert space ℋ. We obtain the existence of a commuting N-tuple (V_1,…,V_N) of contractions on a superspace K of ℋ such that each $V_j$ extends $T_j$, j=1,…,N, and the N-tuple (V_1,…,V_N) has a decomposition similar to the Wold-von Neumann decomposition for coisometries (although the $V_j$ need not be coisometries). As an application, we obtain a new proof of a result of Słociński (see [9])
Źródło:
Studia Mathematica; 1999, 137, 1; 81-91
0039-3223
Pojawia się w:
Studia Mathematica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Pointwise ergodic theorems for functions in Lorentz spaces $L_{pq}$ with p ≠ ∞
Autorzy:
Sato, Ryotaro
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1290543.pdf
Data publikacji:
1994
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Matematyczny PAN
Tematy:
pointwise ergodic theorems
$L_{pq}$ spaces
null preserving transformations
measure preserving transformations
positive contractions on $L_1$ spaces
Opis:
Let τ be a null preserving point transformation on a finite measure space. Assuming τ is invertible, P. Ortega Salvador has recently obtained sufficient conditions for the almost everywhere convergence of the ergodic averages in $L_{pq}$ with 1 < p < ∞, 1 < q < ∞. In this paper we obtain necessary and sufficient conditions for the almost everywhere convergence, without assuming that τ is invertible and only assuming that p ≠ ∞.
Źródło:
Studia Mathematica; 1994, 109, 2; 209-216
0039-3223
Pojawia się w:
Studia Mathematica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
    Wyświetlanie 1-11 z 11

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