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Tytuł:
An Excess or Deficiency of Legal Regulations of the Specific Part of Commercial Agreements Law in the Civil Code?
Autorzy:
Bielski, Piotr
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1965393.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Akademia Leona Koźmińskiego w Warszawie
Tematy:
commercial law
commercial activities
commercial contracts
Opis:
One of the consequences of the post-1989 significant legislative activity of the Sejm of the Republic of Poland is the fact that legal acts that play a special role in the legal system (codes) are also subject to numerous amendments. What is the influence of such amendments on the cohesion and transparency of the legal regulations included in these codes? Was the intention to fulfil the demands of the business trading of the time, undoubtedly deserving of approval, by modernising the existing regulations, introducing new ones, and – potentially – abandoning those whose practical significance and application is currently marginal in the context of the discussed matter an essential motive for undertaking many legislative changes applied to the Civil Code regarding the legal regulations of economic relations – including in particular the legal regulations of the specific part of commercial contracts law – after the transformation of the socio-economic system in the years 1989–1990? Is it therefore possible to say with respect to the present shape of the specific part of commercial contracts law in the Civil Code that this is in an optimal state? Or perhaps there is an excessive or insufficient number of legal regulations in this matter? Are there any draft amendments to the said area of legal regulations? What directions do they follow? The subject matter of this paper is to search for answers to the questions asked above.
Źródło:
Krytyka Prawa. Niezależne Studia nad Prawem; 2019, 11, 2; 155-168
2080-1084
2450-7938
Pojawia się w:
Krytyka Prawa. Niezależne Studia nad Prawem
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Nadmiar czy niedobór regulacji prawnych części szczególnej prawa umów handlowych w kodeksie cywilnym?
An Excess or Deficiency of Legal Regulations of the Specific Part of Commercial Agreements Law in the Civil Code?
Autorzy:
Bielski, Piotr
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1965395.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Akademia Leona Koźmińskiego w Warszawie
Tematy:
prawo handlowe
czynności handlowe
umowy handlowe
commercial law
commercial activities
commercial agreements
Opis:
Jedną z konsekwencji znaczącej aktywności legislacyjnej Sejmu Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej po 1989 r. jest między innymi to, że licznym nowelizacjom podlegają również akty prawne pełniące w systemie prawa szczególną rolę (kodeksy). Czy nowelizacje te wpływają na spójność i przejrzystość zawartych w kodeksach regulacji prawnych? Czy np. zasadniczym motywem podejmowania wielu zmian legislacyjnych, którym podlegał kodeks cywilny w odniesieniu do regulacji prawnych obrotu gospodarczego – w tym zwłaszcza w odniesieniu do regulacji prawnych części szczególnej prawa umów handlowych – po zmianie ustroju społeczno-gospodarczego w latach 1989–1990, był zamiar realizacji zasługującego bez wątpienia na aprobatę postulatu uwzględniania potrzeb współczesnego obrotu gospodarczego, poprzez modernizację istniejących, wprowadzanie nowych i ewentualnie rezygnację z tych istniejących regulacji prawnych w omawianej materii, których praktyczne znaczenie i zastosowanie jest obecnie znikome? Czy wobec tego w odniesieniu do aktualnego kształtu części szczególnej prawa umów handlowych w kodeksie cywilnym można mówić o jej optymalnym stanie, czy też może o nadmiarze albo niedoborze regulacji prawnych w tej materii? Czy istnieją projekty zmian wymienionego obszaru regulacji prawnych i w którym kierunku zmierzają? Przedmiotem niniejszego opracowania jest poszukiwanie odpowiedzi na powyższe pytania.
One of the consequences of the post-1989 significant legislative activity of the Sejm of the Republic of Poland is the fact that legal acts that play a special role in the legal system (codes) are also subject to numerous amendments. What is the influence of such amendments on the cohesion and transparency of the legal regulations included in these codes? Was the intention to fulfil the demands of the business trading of the time, undoubtedly deserving of approval, by modernising the existing regulations, introducing new ones, and – potentially – abandoning those whose practical significance and application is currently marginal in the context of the discussed matter an essential motive for undertaking many legislative changes applied to the Civil Code regarding the legal regulations of economic relations – including in particular the legal regulations of the specific part of commercial contracts law – after the transformation of the socio-economic system in the years 1989–1990? Is it therefore possible to say with respect to the present shape of the specific part of commercial contracts law in the Civil Code that this is in an optimal state? Or perhaps there is an excessive or insufficient number of legal regulations in this matter? Are there any draft amendments to the said area of legal regulations? What directions do they follow? The subject matter of this paper is to search for answers to the questions asked above.
Źródło:
Krytyka Prawa. Niezależne Studia nad Prawem; 2019, 11, 2; 140-154
2080-1084
2450-7938
Pojawia się w:
Krytyka Prawa. Niezależne Studia nad Prawem
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
O zaniechanej akcji likwidacji przedwojennych spółek prawa handlowego w Polsce Ludowej
Deliberations on a Liquidation Campaign for Prewar Commercial Law Companies in the People’s Republic of Poland
Autorzy:
Kowalski, Przemysław
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/621188.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet w Białymstoku. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu w Białymstoku
Tematy:
commercial law companies, Commercial Register, prewar companies.
Opis:
After the World War II commercial law companies, even though they had been depri- ved of their enterprises, were mostly not crossed off the Commercial Register (in Polish: Rejestr Handlowy). Regardless of the fact that they had been deprived of their proper- ties, they still existed. In spite of the fact that communists considered passing a bill that would cause their ultimate liquidation, it appeared that closing down the com- mercial law companies may actually lead to a deterioration in international relations with western states. This state of affairs surprisingly meant that nowadays one can re- activate the prewar companies. Therefore documents that have been recovered are of great importance for both legal practitioners (mainly judges and attorneys at law) and theorists of law.
Źródło:
Miscellanea Historico-Iuridica; 2013, 12; 423-434
1732-9132
2719-9991
Pojawia się w:
Miscellanea Historico-Iuridica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Quasi-film commercials. Analysis of selected car manufacturer campaigns
Autorzy:
Barczyk-Sitkowska, Agnieszka
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/650182.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
commercial
film
quasi-film
commercial series
spot
Opis:
When seeking original forms of expression, contemporary commercials often reach for the achievements of film making. That is reflected in references to the conventions of certain film genres, and the references to particular films. The goal of the article was to present selected examples of the relationships between commercials and film, which can be found in car manufacturer advertising campaigns (Toyota, BMW, and Mercedes-Benz). The analysis of the gathered study material enabled me to identify two forms of quasi-film commercials: a TV spot and a short film.
Źródło:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Litteraria Polonica; 2017, 43, 5
1505-9057
2353-1908
Pojawia się w:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Litteraria Polonica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
MORALITY AS A CRITERION FOR A CLAUSE OF GOOD PRACTICES IN THE LIGHT OF SELECTED ACTS OF POLISH COMMERCIAL LAW
Autorzy:
Bider, Marcin
Interlandi, Roberto
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1818408.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020-04-10
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Przyrodniczo-Humanistyczny w Siedlcach
Tematy:
competition
ethics
commercial honesty
commercial freedom
rules of social symbiosis
Opis:
This article employing historical-legal methods presents the relationship between an extra-legal axiology and the norms of commercial law. The standard of morality is presented among several criteria of the good practices clause. Axiological pluralism demands that the criterion of morality be recognized in the light of constitutional values. Freedom of economic trade is a basic value that can only be restricted by law. At the same time, legal norms require justification through the system of moral norms. Non-legal norms incorporated into the system of commercial law make trade more flexible and allow a judge to resolve conflicts in economic trade.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Naukowe Uniwersytetu Przyrodniczo-Humanistycznego w Siedlcach; 2019, 50, 123; 73-80
2082-5501
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Naukowe Uniwersytetu Przyrodniczo-Humanistycznego w Siedlcach
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Excess or Deficiency of Regulations of the Commercial Activities Law in the Civil Code?
Autorzy:
Bielski, Piotr
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2082832.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Akademia Leona Koźmińskiego w Warszawie
Tematy:
commercial contracts law
deficiency of legal regulations
commercial activities law
Opis:
The author of the paper understands the term of “excess of legal regulations” as the situation of imposition of regulations governing a specific institution of the com-mercial activities law under the Civil Code, which are fully or partially obsolete from the point of view of the needs of contemporary business trading. The term of “deficiency of legal regulations”, in turn, is to denote a complete lack of a regula-tion of a specific institution of the commercial activities law as may be desired in the domain of contemporary business trading, or the existence of such a regulation but in a form that is limited, incapable of addressing the needs and challenges of the said domain. When it comes to the legal regulations of the commercial activi-ties law, the author argues that it is hard to regard the current legal situation in Poland as successfully fulfilling the requirements of a coherent legal system and of the legislative technique principles that are applied therein. In the text, the author provides a detailed explanation of why commercial activities governed by the Civil Code suffer from a substantial deficiency of legal regulations in the scope in question.
Źródło:
Krytyka Prawa. Niezależne Studia nad Prawem; 2019, 11, 4; 21-32
2080-1084
2450-7938
Pojawia się w:
Krytyka Prawa. Niezależne Studia nad Prawem
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Right to a Firm and Its Protection
Autorzy:
Skubisz, Ryszard
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/43446398.pdf
Data publikacji:
1992-12-31
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Nauk Prawnych PAN
Tematy:
protection of property
company
law
company law
commercial law
business activity
firm
enterprise
Commercial Code
commercial register
Źródło:
Droit Polonais Contemporain; 1992, 1-4(93-96); 15-23
0070-7325
Pojawia się w:
Droit Polonais Contemporain
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Pozarynkowa wartość dodana reklam komercyjnych
Non-market added value of commercial advertisements
Autorzy:
Jasielska, Aleksandra
Maksymiuk, Renata Anna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/425641.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Szkoła Główna Handlowa w Warszawie
Tematy:
commercial advertisements
social changes
cultural changes
social impact of commercial advertisements
cultural impact of commercial advertisements
consumer education
Opis:
Advertising is a common part of everyday life. Because of that it is considered as a social and cultural phenomenon. It is also connected with a fact, that consequences of advertising are not only intentional (as in economy) but also unintentional. The last effects may be a cause of social and cultural changes, which can be negative or positive. First of all, the negative aspect of advertising's social and cultural impact is often analyzed by critics, but positive is usually omitted. This article presents both of them in three spheres: promotion of esthetic standards, language changes and modeling social behavior, in order to show that we need to maximize advantages and to reduce disadvantages. The presented analysis has the practical implications for the consumer education. It is very important to include social and cultural impact of advertising in consumer socialization, because well educated consumer is an important element of mechanisms of controls of advertising.
Źródło:
e-mentor. Czasopismo naukowe Szkoły Głównej Handlowej w Warszawie; 2014, 3 (55); 72-79
1731-6758
1731-7428
Pojawia się w:
e-mentor. Czasopismo naukowe Szkoły Głównej Handlowej w Warszawie
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Evaluation of commercial prospects for innovative product machine building enterprises
Autorzy:
Melnyk, O.
Syrotynska, S.
Didyk, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/411387.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Oddział w Lublinie PAN
Tematy:
innovation
commercial prospects
rating
Opis:
Forecasting of successful implementation of innovative product is the crucial element of decision making process. The purpose of forecasting innovative product realization is to define probable commercial level according to consumer demand. This article highlights the necessity of evaluating the commercial prospects for innovative products. It reviews the most popular methods of assessment of commercial prospects of the innovative products and reveal main drawback of them. The results show, that approaches to commercial prospects assessment for innovative products enables enterprises to go beyond the solely understanding of customer needs, thus enabling them to develop new way of. The authors argue for the improving procedure to assess the commercial prospects through innovative product rating Rankings innovative ideas. It is based on the following criteria’s: level of product uniqueness, level of satisfaction of the consumers’ hidden needs, value of the market segment, expected life cycle, products price, quality level, products design, service, amount of marketing costs, expected rate of innovation profitability. The proposed rating method of assessment of innovative products commercial perspectives would enable engineering enterprises to determine the most successful innovative ideas and to timely reject the ideas predestined to fail. Obtained results due to ranking also help enterprises to overcome barriers, associated with innovation commercialization. At the same time this method can be a start point for marketing innovation.
Źródło:
ECONTECHMOD : An International Quarterly Journal on Economics of Technology and Modelling Processes; 2016, 5, 1; 51-55
2084-5715
Pojawia się w:
ECONTECHMOD : An International Quarterly Journal on Economics of Technology and Modelling Processes
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Challenges of Nigeria as a Preferable Seat of International Commercial Arbitration
Autorzy:
Aje-Famuyide, Olufunke
Akano, Nimisore
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1933792.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021-12-31
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Tematy:
Arbitration
Seats
International
Commercial
Challenges
Opis:
Arbitration has over the years gained prominence as a preferred method for dispute resolution especially for cross-border commercial disputes. One of the reasons is that the parties want to resolve their dispute in privacy and obtain an enforceable award as soon as possible. The choice of the arbitral seat during the negotiation of any international commercial arbitration agreement is perhaps one of the most overlooked influential aspects over the course of the arbitral procedures. The importance of a wise choice of an arbitral seat generally has two aspects, one of logistical convenience and the other is of a legal effect. For reason of the crucial legal effects of the place of arbitration, the parties have to be sure that they have chosen the best suitable jurisdiction as the seat of arbitration. The article will further analyse the concept of the seat of arbitration, its role, and importance in international commercial arbitration. It will also examine by reviewing the drawbacks of Nigeria as a preferred seat of international arbitration, particularly on the arbitration legislation and the respective judicial supervision and support in effectively conducting arbitration within the jurisdiction.
Źródło:
Reality of Politics; 2021, 18; 11-32
2082-3959
Pojawia się w:
Reality of Politics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
W krainie dzieciństwa – nazwy krakowskich przedszkoli
Autorzy:
Żebrowska, Barbara
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1044886.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016-12-04
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
chrematonyms
commercial discourse
preschool names
Opis:
Article attempts to describe modern names of preschols. Nowadays, preschools are becoming similar to companies. The main purpose of their names is to encourage parents (and to some extent also children) to choose specific facility. Initially, this trend was associated with mainly non-public, private preschool, now also public preschools. This involves the development of consumption, characteristic of modern civilization. Creativity in the choice of name supports the presence of competition, and therefore described tendency can be noticed in large cities, such as Cracow. Material required for the analysis, that includes 334 names, was provided by the Internet databases that help parents in choosing a specific facility (abcprzedszkola.pl, przedszkolak.pl, przedszkolowo.pl), recruitment system for preschools FORMICO (krakow.formico.pl) and webpages of individual preschools.
Źródło:
Poznańskie Studia Polonistyczne. Seria Językoznawcza; 2016, 23, 2; 263-281
1233-8672
2450-4939
Pojawia się w:
Poznańskie Studia Polonistyczne. Seria Językoznawcza
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Udział konsorcjum w postępowaniu o udzielenie zamówienia publicznego na przykładzie Polski, Wielkiej Brytanii i Francji
Participation of a consortium in the procedure for the award of public contract with the examples of Poland, United Kingdom and France
Autorzy:
Czerwiński, Marcin
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/962369.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
commercial law
consortium
public contracts
Opis:
The aim of the study is to compare regulations relating to consortia applying for public contracts in Polish, British and French law. Although it is impossible to find a common definition of a “consortium” for all EU members, due to the harmonization of rules concerning the functioning of the public procurement markets, the solutions adopted by member states are quite similar. However, there are also some specific regulations in individual countries. It is worth considering the usefulness of the adoption of similar solutions in other countries. In each analyzed country the author describes the general legal aspects of the functioning of a consortium in the legal system, then refers to similar legal institutions e.g. partnerships or subcontracting, and finally characterizes the regulation relating to the participation of the consortium in the procedure for the award of public contract.
Źródło:
Adam Mickiewicz University Law Review; 2016, 6; 307-338
2450-0976
Pojawia się w:
Adam Mickiewicz University Law Review
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Zjawisko kontaminacji jako jeden z aspektów badawczych języka reklamy (na przykładzie języka rosyjskiego)
The contamination as an aspect of commercial language (on the basis of Russian)
Autorzy:
Dembska, Katarzyna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/968115.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
commercial language
contamination
word-building
Opis:
The author considers the phenomenon of contamination in modern Russian, especially in the commercial language. In this paper the author explains the term contamination and describes some selected reasons for using contaminations in commercial language on the basis of the Russian linguistic material. The starting point is the term of contamination defined as a word formed from parts of two or more other words. The author presents different types of contaminations in commercial slogans, e.g.: the beginning of one word attached to the ending of another (Бисплатно: Билайн + бесплатно) or the ending of one word attached to the beginning of another (музыкайф: музыка + кайф). The illustrative material has been taken from the Russian press and the Internet.
Źródło:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Linguistica Rossica; 2011, 07; 20-28
1731-8025
2353-9623
Pojawia się w:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Linguistica Rossica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Empirical research on the functions of audiovisual advertising from the perspective of recipients - students of the Journalism and Social Communication Faculty at the University of Łódź
Autorzy:
Barczyk-Sitkowska, Agnieszka
Krzekotowski, Mateusz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/470928.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Komunikacji Społecznej
Tematy:
commercial
TV spot
function
advertainment
Opis:
In current research on the subject, three dominant functions of advertising can be pointed out. These are: to inform, to persuade or to remind a recipient about the product. However, watching modern commercials in the media evokes a question about this typology being sufficient enough to cover the full spectrum of the commercial industry. The main goal of the article is to test the attitudes towards commercials in students in their junior year of the Journalism and Social Communication degree at the University of Łodź. This probe is exceptionally valuable, since many of these people in years to come will become involved in creating this type of broadcast by graduating with a “Advertising, Design and Visual Communication” major at our university. The experiment has been divided into three tiers, showing different types of TV spots in two of them. Doing this has enabled us to answer the question if watching these types of broadcasts can influence the attitude towards commercials and its functions on viewers.
Źródło:
Central European Journal of Communication; 2019, 12, 1/22; 44-61
1899-5101
Pojawia się w:
Central European Journal of Communication
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Distinctive Characteristics of Commercial and Investment Arbitration Proceedings: Lex multiplex, universa curiositas, ius unum?
Autorzy:
Czech, Konrad
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/706688.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016-07-26
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Nauk Prawnych PAN
Tematy:
commercial arbitration
evidence
investment arbitration
Opis:
The thrust of this article is to examine a contemporary international arbitration process in commercial and investment cases, specifically the interplay of common law and civil law elements in the taking of evidence. It begins with a survey of the provisions of the most popular international arbitration instruments, including international arbitration rules and IBA Rules on the Taking of Evidence in International Arbitration. Following the discussion of some relevant examples of international arbitration instruments, the author tries to answer the question whether these instruments, in their current form, support the popular thesis that the international arbitration process has become largely harmonized. In trying to verify this thesis, the article also goes beyond the text of international arbitration instruments and considers the influence of the cultural biases of international arbitration actors.
Źródło:
Polish Yearbook of International Law; 2015, 35; 293-324
0554-498X
Pojawia się w:
Polish Yearbook of International Law
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
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