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    Wyświetlanie 1-16 z 16
    Tytuł:
    Design of novel composite pistons for diesel engine
    Autorzy:
    Jankowski, A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/247362.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
    Tematy:
    internal combustion engine
    diesel engine
    piston engine
    composite alloy
    combustion engine performance
    Opis:
    The paper presents the requirements to be met by diesel engines and their components, in particular pistons for engines of military vehicles. These requirements are related to the mass of modern military vehicles, which has greatly increased. Materials for the piston should have a good strength properties and low hysteresis of thermal expansion coefficient α across the range of operating temperatures, good resistance to galling, low abrasion, low coefficient of friction and good functional properties. On the clearance of the piston in the cylinder, the coefficient of thermal expansion α and its hysteresis has a decisive influence. The paper includes information on the piston working clearances, the requirements for pistons materials, their chemical composition, standard materials for the forged pistons, for the cast pistons (silumin alloys) and for the composite pistons. The paper presents the changes in coefficient of thermal expansion for the alloy in the raw state and after heat treatment and pistons made of new composite material prior to motor testing and after these tests. The completed new pistons have a lower coefficient of thermal expansion and lower hysteresis α, which allows reducing the running piston and cylinder clearances with the resulting effects.
    Źródło:
    Journal of KONES; 2014, 21, 4; 211-216
    1231-4005
    2354-0133
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of KONES
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    A method for evaluatingthe performance of a marine piston internal combustion engine used as the main engine on a ship during its voyage in different sailing conditions
    Autorzy:
    Girtler, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/259375.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2010
    Wydawca:
    Politechnika Gdańska. Wydział Inżynierii Mechanicznej i Okrętownictwa
    Tematy:
    engine operation
    combustion engine performance evaluation
    interpretation of energy conversion
    Newton-Leibniz formula
    model of engine operation
    Opis:
    A method is presented for evaluating the performance of piston internal combustion engines used as the main engines on sea-going ships and acting in typical operating conditions. These conditions are described taking into account the performance area of engines of this type. The presented method provides opportunities for calculating the numerical effect of the action using the integral calculus. The above effect is presented as a physical quantity expressed by a number with the metric unit called the joule-second. Proposed is the use of types of integrands (which are functional dependences of the energy converted in these engines on time) which make it possible to use the second fundamental theorem of calculus justifying the use of the Newton-Leibniz formula. The object of the analysis is the process of changes of the energy converted in the internal combustion engines during their operation, described with the aid of a deterministic model of the real process taking into account its sample realisation.
    Źródło:
    Polish Maritime Research; 2010, 4; 31-38
    1233-2585
    Pojawia się w:
    Polish Maritime Research
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The onset of knock in gas fuelled spark ignition engines prediction and experiment
    Autorzy:
    Karim, G. A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/244289.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2007
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
    Tematy:
    combustion engine
    gas engine modelling
    engine performance knock criterion
    Opis:
    An approach for predicting the onset of knock and estimating its intensity in spark ignition engines is described. It is based on evaluating a dimensionless energy functional group, Kn, formulated to provide a numerical criterion to test continually, while using predictive models of the performance of spark ignition engines, for the onset of knock and its relative intensity at any instant during the combustion process. The basis for the derivation of this knock criterion and its significance are described. Examples involving gaseous fuels and their mixtures under different operating conditions show how the criterion can be employed for the prediction of the onset of knock and the associated knock-limited performance. It is shown that this approach can be made an integral part of modeling spark ignition engine operation to be used for optimizing engine performance while ensuring throughout the avoidance of the onset of knock. Among other things variations relative energy release and end gas mass fraction during flame propagation for non-knocking and border line knocking conditions, variations in the calculated knock criterion value with time for knock free, light and heavy knocking conditions, with compression ratio for hydrogen and methane as a fuel CFR engine, calculated optimum spark timing maximum power variation the probability of the incidence of knock versus spark timing, the suppression of the onset of knock through lean operation or cooled EGR are illustrated in the paper.
    Źródło:
    Journal of KONES; 2007, 14, 4; 165-175
    1231-4005
    2354-0133
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of KONES
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    A numerical and experimental study of marine hydrogen–natural gas–diesel tri–fuel engines
    Autorzy:
    Zhao, Rui
    Xu, Leping
    Su, Xiangwen
    Feng, Shiquan
    Li, Changxiong
    Tan, Qinming
    Wang, Zhongcheng
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1573839.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020
    Wydawca:
    Politechnika Gdańska. Wydział Inżynierii Mechanicznej i Okrętownictwa
    Tematy:
    hydrogen
    tri-fuel engine
    combustion performance
    emission performance
    Opis:
    Maritime shipping is a key component of the global economy, representing 80–90% of international trade. To deal with the energy crisis and marine environmental pollution, hydrogen-natural gas-diesel tri-fuel engines have become an attractive option for use in the maritime industry. In this study, numerical simulations and experimental tests were used to evaluate the effects of different hydrogen ratios on the combustion and emissions from these engines. The results show that, in terms of combustion performance, as the hydrogen proportion increases, the combustion ignition delay time in the cylinder decreases and the laminar flame speed increases. The pressure and temperature in the cylinder increase and the temperature field distribution expands more rapidly with a higher hydrogen ratio. This means that the tri-fuel engine (H2 +CH4 +Diesel) has a faster response and better power performance than the dual-fuel engine (CH4 +Diesel). In terms of emission performance, as the hydrogen proportion increases, the NO emissions increase, and CO and CO2 emissions decrease. If factors such as methane escape into the atmosphere from the engine are considered, the contribution of marine tri-fuel engines to reducing ship exhaust emissions will be even more significant. Therefore, this study shows that marine hydrogen-natural gas-diesel tri-fuel engines have significant application and research prospects.
    Źródło:
    Polish Maritime Research; 2020, 4; 80-90
    1233-2585
    Pojawia się w:
    Polish Maritime Research
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Experimental study of fuel combustion and emission characteristics of marine diesel engines using advanced fuels
    Autorzy:
    Changxiong, Li
    Hu, Yihuai
    Yang, Zy
    Guo, Hao
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/34615637.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2023
    Wydawca:
    Politechnika Gdańska. Wydział Inżynierii Mechanicznej i Okrętownictwa
    Tematy:
    marine diesel engine
    PODE
    combustion characteristics
    emission performance
    Opis:
    In order to explore the potential application of oxygenated fuels, polyoxymethylene dimethyl ethers (PODE), as an alternative fuel for marine diesel engines, the fuel combustion performance and gas emission characteristics of pure diesel oil, diesel-blended PODE, and pure PODE were tested on a marine diesel engine under different running conditions. The experimental results indicate that oxygen consumption can be reduced by diesel-blended PODE and pure PODE. The in-cylinder pressure and exothermic curve were consistent with the trend of diesel oil. Also, the ignition delay of diesel-blended PODE and pure PODE decreased, and the diffusion rate was accelerated, which helped to improve the combustion performance of diesel engines. Diesel blended PODE and pure PODE reduced the particulate matter (PM) emissions by up to 56.9% and 86.8%, respectively, and CO emissions by up to 51.1% and 56.3%, respectively. NOx emissions were gradually decreased with engine load. CO2 emissions were slightly increased, and the effective fuel consumption was increased up to 48% and 132%, respectively. It was shown that PODE could provide comparable power in a marine diesel engine and improve the fuel combustion and gas emission of the engine as a clean alternative fuel for marine diesel engines.
    Źródło:
    Polish Maritime Research; 2023, 3; 48-58
    1233-2585
    Pojawia się w:
    Polish Maritime Research
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Combustion, performance and exhaust emissions of the diesel engine operating on jet fuel
    Autorzy:
    Labeckas, G.
    Slavinskas, S.
    Vilutiene, V.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/248056.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2012
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
    Tematy:
    diesel engine
    jet fuel
    autoignition
    combustion
    performance
    emissions
    smoke
    Opis:
    The article focuses on bench testing results of a four-stroke, four-cylinder, direct-injection, naturally aspirated diesel engine operating on the normal 95vol% (class C) diesel fuel + 5vol% RME (DF), F-34 jet fuel (JF) and jet fuel F-34 treated with the cetane improver (JF+0.12vol%). The purpose of the research is to investigate the availability to use of military F-34 jet fuel for land-based direct injection diesel engine powering and examine the effect of F-34 fuel and F-34 fuel treated with 0.12vol% 2-ethylhexyl nitrate on the autoignition delay, combustion, engine performance, emissions and smoke opacity of the exhausts. The peak in-cylinder gas pressure generated from JF and JF+0.12vol% is lower by 4.3% and 2.8% at 1400 min–1 speed, and 2.5% and 5.7% at 2200 min–1 speed compared to that 86.6 MPa and 82.5 MPa of the normal diesel. At rated 2200 min–1 speed, the use of treated jet fuel leads to smoother engine performance under all loads and the maximum cylinder pressure gradient lowers by 9.4% as against that 15.9 bar/deg of base diesel. The minimum brake specific fuel consumption (bsfc) for F-34 and treated F-34 fuels decreases by 4.8% and 3.5% at 1400 min–1 speed and increases by 2.7% and 3.7% at 2200 min–1 speed compared to 249.5 g/kWh and 251.8 g/kWh values of base diesel. Maximum NO emissions produced from fuels JF and JF+0.12vol% decrease by 11.5% and 7.0% at 1400 min–1, and 17.1% and 17.3% at 2200 min–1 speed compared to 1705 ppm and 1389 ppm emanating from the normal diesel. Maximum CO emissions produced from jet fuel JF and JF+0.12vol% decrease by 39.3% and 16.8% compared to that 4988 ppm produced from base diesel running at 1400 min–1 speed. At 2200 min-1 speed, the ecological effect of using fuel F-34 fuel decreases and the CO sustains over the whole load range at the same level and increases by 2.5% and 3.0% with regard to the normal diesel operating under high load. The HC emission also is lower by 78.3% and 58.8% for low and high loads compared to 230 ppm and 1820 ppm of the normal diesel running at 1400 min–1 speed. The smoke opacity ,generated from fuels JF and JF+0.12vol% sustains at lower levels over the all load range with the maximum values decreased by 14.6% and 8.1% with regard to 94.9% of the normal diesel operating at 1400 min–1 speed. The test results show that military F-34 fuel is a cleaner-burning replacement of diesel fuel and suggests fuel economy with reduced all harmful species, including NO, NO2, NOx, CO, HC, and smoke opacity of the exhausts.
    Źródło:
    Journal of KONES; 2012, 19, 1; 227-236
    1231-4005
    2354-0133
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of KONES
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Effect of Blending Various Biodiesels with Diesel on Performance and Emissions of Diesel Engine: A Review
    Autorzy:
    Rubiat, Mustak
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1157150.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
    Tematy:
    Biodiesel
    Blends
    Combustion
    Diesel
    Emission Characteristics
    Engine Performance Parameters
    Environment
    Opis:
    Due to limited resources and hazardous effects on environment people now a day tries to find out an alternative for fossil fuels. Fossil fuels when burnt produce a lot of carbon dioxide which is one of the primary reasons for global warming. Petroleum is a form of fossil fuel. With the help of distillation process petrol, paraffin, kerosene and diesel oil can obtain from natural petroleum. To protect the environment biodiesels can substitute these fossil fuels. Biodiesels can use as an alternative for diesel. Researchers from around the world tried for many years to find a suitable biodiesel which can substitute diesel. Many biodiesels have been produced from different sources and tested for their performances. Some researchers try to find out a good combination of biodiesel blends which can be used as an alternative of diesel. Some of them try to find out a suitable blend of diesel and biodiesel to reduce the environmental impact and for better emission characteristics. Effects of blending different types of biodiesels with diesel have been investigated by many researchers. In this present review article a summary is written on such attempts.
    Źródło:
    World Scientific News; 2018, 94, 2; 287-297
    2392-2192
    Pojawia się w:
    World Scientific News
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Computational investigation of compression ratio and bore diameter influence on engine performance and knock intensity
    Autorzy:
    Gandyk, M.
    Haller, P.
    Jankowski, A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/244667.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
    Tematy:
    simulation
    combustion engines
    compression ratio
    motor sport
    engine performance
    knocks
    Opis:
    Processes of the combustion in combustion engines depend on cylinder bore and compression ratio. Compression ratio is a ratio of in-cylinder volume when piston is in bottom dead centre to volume when piston is in top dead centre. Theoretical engine efficiency is increasing together with compression ratio. However, in the real engine there are also other phenomena affecting the efficiency of the engine, which could results in lower performance of engine with higher compression ratio. This study presents knock intensity and performance gain in engine speed function of the 0D-1D engine model with different pistons set. Knock intensity is founded by implementing in combustion process knock sub-model based on Douaud and Eyzat induction time correlation using different pistons geometry. Examined engine model is air restricted Formula Student motorcycle engine. Mounted in intake system, air restrictor decreases knock intensity. Therefore, compression ratio could be increased. It was noticed that bigger bore diameter could reduce knock intensity. Researches realized that bigger bore size could cause performance drop at high rpm when flow is chocked. With changing of compression ratio, performance characteristic changes. Growing compression ratio decrease torque on low engine speed and increase on high engine speed. Further characteristic of the engine could be tuned by matching pistons with modified bore size and compression ratio.
    Źródło:
    Journal of KONES; 2018, 25, 2; 129-134
    1231-4005
    2354-0133
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of KONES
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Small gas turbine GTM-120 bench testing with emission measurements
    Autorzy:
    Chmielewski, M.
    Gieras, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/245082.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
    Tematy:
    small gas turbine
    emission measurements
    combustion engines
    bench testing
    engine performance
    Opis:
    The aim of this paper is to provide comprehensive bench testing results for small gas turbine engine with a strong focus on the flue gas emission measurements. After a short overview of small gas turbine GTM-120 design and working principles, the test bench developed at the Institute of Heat Engineering at the Warsaw University of Technology is presented. Capability and accuracy of the sensors used in test bench are discussed in detail. Data acquisition software based on LabVIEW is also presented. Five separate sections representing successive engine stations have been distinguished. Experimental set of data of pressure and temperature on all of the stations is presented for the whole range of engine rotational speeds. Additionally, the engine thrust and fuel consumption data is provided. Special attention is given to the engine NOx and CO content in the engine exhaust gas, since turbine engine emissions are of great concern due to their adverse impact on natural environment. Experimental results are followed by the engine cycle parametric study for real engine thermodynamic cycle. Finally, future work plans regarding variable combustor chamber utilization for emission reduction from small gas turbine are discussed.
    Źródło:
    Journal of KONES; 2015, 22, 1; 47-54
    1231-4005
    2354-0133
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of KONES
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The effect of aviation fuel JP-8 and diesel fuel blends on engine performance and exhaust emissions
    Autorzy:
    Labeckas, G.
    Slavinskas, S.
    Vilutienė, V.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/949492.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
    Tematy:
    diesel engine
    jet fuel
    diesel fuel
    autoignition
    combustion
    performance
    exhaust emissions
    Opis:
    The article presents bench test results of a four-stroke, four-cylinder, naturally aspirated, DI diesel engine operating with neat JP-8 fuel (J) and its blends with Diesel fuel (D) in following proportions by volume: 90/10 (J+10D), 70/30 (J+D30), 50/ 50 (J+D50), 30/70 (J+D70), and 100% diesel fuel (DF). The purpose of the research was to analyse and compare changes occurred in the autoignition delay, combustion events, engine performance efficiency, emissions, and smoke of the exhaust when running on JP-8 fuel, jet-diesel fuel blends, and diesel fuel at a full (100%) engine load and speed of 1400 min–1 at which maximum torque occurs and rated speed of 2200 min–1. It was found that the start of injection (SOI) and the start of combustion (SOC) occurred earlier in an engine cycle and the autoignition delay decreased by 9.0% and 12.7% due to replacement of aviation JP-8 fuel with diesel fuel at a full load and the latter speeds. Maximum in-cylinder pressure was 6.8% and 4.0% higher when operating with diesel fuel, whereas brake thermal efficiency was 3.3% and 7.7% higher, and brake specific fuel consumption 2.8% and 7.0% lower when using fuel blend J+D50 compared with the respective values measured with neat JP-8 fuel. Emissions of nitric oxide (NO) and nitrogen oxides (NOx) were 13.3% and 13.1% higher from a straight diesel running at speed of 1400 min–1, and 19.0% and 19.5% higher at a higher speed of 2200 min–1. The carbon monoxide (CO) emissions and total unburned hydrocarbons (HC) decreased 2.1 times and by 12.3% when running with fuel blend J+D70 at speed of 2200 min–1 compared with those values measured with jet fuel. Smoke of the exhaust was 53.1% and 1.9% higher when using fuel blend J+D10 than that of 46.9% and 70.0% measured with jet fuel at speeds of 1400 and 2200 min–1. The engine produced 34.5% more smoke from combustion of fuel blend J+D70 at the low speed of 1400 min–1, but smoke converted to be 11.3% lower when operating at a higher speed of 2200 min–1.
    Źródło:
    Journal of KONES; 2015, 22, 2; 129-138
    1231-4005
    2354-0133
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of KONES
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The effect of oxygenated diesel-n-butanol fuel blends on combustion, performance, and exhaust emissions of a turbocharged crdi diesel engine
    Autorzy:
    Labeckas, G.
    Slavinskas, S.
    Rudnicki, J.
    Zadrąg, R.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/259929.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Politechnika Gdańska. Wydział Inżynierii Mechanicznej i Okrętownictwa
    Tematy:
    diesel engine
    diesel-n-butanol blends
    combustion phenomenon
    performance efficiency
    smoke
    pollutant emissions
    Opis:
    The article deals with the effects made by using various n-butanol-diesel fuel blends on the combustion history, engine performance and exhaust emissions of a turbocharged four-stroke, four-cylinder, CRDI 1154HP (85 kW) diesel engine. At first, load characteristics were taken when running an engine with normal diesel fuel (DF) to have ‘baseline’ parameters at the two ranges of speed of 1800 and 2500 rpm. Four a fossil diesel (class 1) and normal butanol (n-butanol) fuel blends possessing 1 wt%, 2 wt%, 3 wt%, and 4 wt% (by mass) of n-butanol-bound oxygen fractions were prepared by pouring 4.65 wt% (BD1), 9.30 wt% (BD2), 13.95 wt% (BD3), and 18.65 wt% (BD4) n-butanol to diesel fuel. Then, load characteristics were taken when an engine with n-butanol-oxygenated fuel blends at the same speeds. Analysis of the changes occurred in the autoignition delay, combustion history, the cycle-to-cycle variation, engine efficiency, smoke, and exhaust emissions NOx, CO, THC obtained with purposely designed fuel blends was performed on comparative bases with the corresponding values measured with ‘baseline’ diesel fuel to reveal the potential developing trends.
    Źródło:
    Polish Maritime Research; 2018, 1; 108-120
    1233-2585
    Pojawia się w:
    Polish Maritime Research
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Effect of Karanja biodiesel blends on the characteristics of diesel engine
    Autorzy:
    Yadav, Sandeep
    Kumar, Amit
    Chaudhary, Abhilasha
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2176951.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2022
    Wydawca:
    Politechnika Śląska. Wydawnictwo Politechniki Śląskiej
    Tematy:
    Diesel engine
    Karanja biodiesel
    performance
    combustion
    emission
    silnik Diesla
    biodiesel Karanja
    wydajność
    spalanie
    emisja
    Opis:
    Extensive research is being conducted to create and use a wide range of alternative fuels to accommodate the world's growing energy needs. The objective of this experimental investigation was to analyze the effects of Karanja biodiesel blends on the performance, combustion, and emission characteristics of a compression ignition (CI) engine vis-a-vis neat diesel. Important physical parameters of Karanja oil were examined experimentally after transesterification and determined to be within acceptable limits. BTE of Karanja biodiesel blends was about 3-8% lower than diesel. For Karanja biodiesel blends, BSFC was about 2-9% higher than diesel but exhaust gas temperature and volumetric efficiency were lower. Emissions characteristics such as nitrogen oxides, hydrocarbons, and carbon monoxide were also analyzed for various tested fuels. Karanja biodiesel blends resulted in lesser CO and HC formation. Nonetheless, NOx emissions were around 10% greater than diesel. Peak cylinder pressure, heat release rate, and maximum rate of pressure rise versus crank angle were among the combustion characteristics parameters considered in this study. Combustion analysis revealed that for Karanja biodiesel blends heat release rate and peak cylinder pressure were lower than for neat diesel. Findings indicate that Karanja biodiesel can be considered a viable diesel engine fuel.
    Źródło:
    Zeszyty Naukowe. Transport / Politechnika Śląska; 2022, 115; 249--264
    0209-3324
    2450-1549
    Pojawia się w:
    Zeszyty Naukowe. Transport / Politechnika Śląska
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    A comparative study of the performance of a low heat rejection engine with three different levels of insulation with vegetable oil operation
    Studium porównawcze osiągów silnika o małych stratach ciepła, napędzanego olejem roślinnym, przy trzech różnych poziomach izolacji cieplnej
    Autorzy:
    Murali Krishna, M.V.S.
    Janardhan, N.
    Murthy, P.V.K.
    Ushasri, P.
    Sarada, N.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/139714.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2012
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    olej lniany surowy
    silnik
    małe straty ciepła
    moc silnika
    LHR-1
    LHR-2
    LHR-3
    poziom zanieczyszczenia
    charakterystyka spalania
    crude linseed oil
    engine
    low heat rejection
    engine performance
    pollution level
    combustion characteristics
    Opis:
    Investigations were carried out to evaluate the performance of a low heat rejection (LHR) diesel engine consisting of different versions, such as ceramic coated cylinder head engine-LHR-1-Air gap insulated piston and air gap insulated liner-LHR-2- and Ceramic coated cylinder head, air gap insulated piston and air gap insulated liner -LHR-3 with degrees of insulation with normal temperature condition of linseed oil with varied injection pressure. Performance parameters were determined at various magnitudes of brake mean effective pressure. Pollution levels of smoke and oxides of nitrogen (NOx) were recorded at the peak load operation of the engine. Combustion characteristics of the engine were measured with TDC (top dead centre) encoder, pressure transducer, console and special pressure-crank angle software package. Conventional engine (CE) showed deteriorated performance, while LHR engine showed improved performance at recommended injection timing of 27 degrees bTDC and recommend injection pressure of 190 bar with vegetable oil operation, when compared with CE with pure diesel operation. Peak brake thermal efficiency increased by 14%, smoke levels decreased by 10% and NOx levels increased by 30% with LHR engine at an injection pressure of 270 bar when compared with pure diesel operation on CE at manufacturer's recommended injection timing.
    Wykonano badania mające na celu ocenę osiągów silnika wysokoprężnego o małych stratach ciepła (Low Heat Rejection, LHR). Badano różne wersje izolacji cieplnej, takie jak głowica cylindra z powłoką ceramiczną (LHR-1), tłok i tuleja cylindra izolowane szczelinami powietrznymi (LHT-2), głowica cylindra z powłoką ceramiczną oraz tłok i tuleja cylindra izolowane szczelinami powietrznymi (LHR-3). Badania wykonano dla różnego stopnia izolacji, w normalnych warunkach temperaturowych, przy różnych ciśnieniach wtrysku paliwa (oleju lnianego). Parametry robocze wyznaczono dla różnych wartości ciśnienia użytecznego. Poziomy zanieczyszczeń dymem i tlenkami azotu (NOx) były mierzone w warunkach szczytowego obciążenia silnika. Przy pomiarze charakterystyk spalania silnika wykorzystano koder TDC (górnego martwego punktu), przetwornik ciśnienia, konsolę i specjalny pakiet programowy do wyznaczania zależności ciśnienie - kąt obrotu wału korbowego. Silnik konwencjonalny (CE), napędzany czystym olejem dieslowskim, wykazywał gorsze działanie. W porównaniu z nim, sinik o małych stratach ciepła (LHR), napędzany olejem roślinnym, miał lepsze parametry robocze przy zalecanym kącie wyprzedzenia wtrysku 27 stopni przed GMP i zalecanym ciśnieniu wtrysku 190 bar. Dla silnika typu LHR z optymalnym kątem wyprzedzenia wtrysku i przy maksymalnym zasysaniu etanolu, szczytowa sprawność cieplna była większa o 18%, poziom zawartości dymu mniejszy o 48%, a zawartość tlenków azotu mniejsza o 38% w porównaniu z silnikiem konwencjonalnym (CE), z czystym paliwem dieslowskim, przy zalecanym przez producenta kącie wyprzedzenia wtrysku.
    Źródło:
    Archive of Mechanical Engineering; 2012, LIX, 1; 101-128
    0004-0738
    Pojawia się w:
    Archive of Mechanical Engineering
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Problemy filtracji powietrza wlotowego do silników spalinowych
    The problems of inlet air filtration in combustion engines
    Autorzy:
    Dziubak, T.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/213133.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Lotnictwa
    Tematy:
    silnik spalinowy
    filtr powietrza
    zanieczyszczenia powietrza
    zużycie ścierne i erozyjne
    opór filtru powietrza
    spadek mocy
    piston internal combustion engine
    baffle filter
    air pollutants
    erosive and abrasive wear
    air filter resistance
    decrease in engine performance
    Opis:
    Przeprowadzono analizę wpływu rozmiarów ziaren pyłu drogowego i stężenia zapylenia powietrza na prędkość zużycia ściernego elementów tłokowego silnika spalinowego i jego trwałość. Przedstawiono wpływ nadmiernego zużycia elementów skojarzenia T-P-C na spadek mocy silnika. Pokazano erozyjny charakter zużycia elementów silnika turbinowego oraz wpływ rozmiarów ziaren pyłu drogowego i stężenia zapylenia powietrza na trwałość silnika turbinowego. Omówiono wpływ zużycia erozyjnego i osadów pyłowych na moc silnika turbinowego. Przeanalizowano wpływ masy pyłu zatrzymanej przez filtr przegrodowy na zmianę jego charakterystyk skuteczności i oporów przepływu oraz wpływ oporu przepływu filtru powietrza na zmianę parametrów pracy tłokowego silnika spalinowego. Zdefiniowano pojęcie dopuszczalnego oporu przepływu filtru powietrza i przedstawiono jego wartości.
    An analysis of the impact of road dust particle size and dust concentration on the rate of piston engine components abrasive wear and its durability. The influence of piston-piston rings-cylinder association excessive wear on engine power decrease is presented. The erosive nature of the turbine engine wear has been shown. The impact of road dust particle size and concentration on the durability of the turbine engine has been presented. Influence of erosion wear and dust sediments on the power of the turbine engine has been discussed. The influence of dust retained by the barrier filter on its efficiency and flow drag characteristics change has been described. The influence of the air filter flow drag on the change of piston engine operating parameters has been presented. The concept of acceptable air filter flow drag and its value are presented.
    Źródło:
    Prace Instytutu Lotnictwa; 2016, 3 (244); 346-362
    0509-6669
    2300-5408
    Pojawia się w:
    Prace Instytutu Lotnictwa
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Wielokryterialna analiza porównawcza pojazdu z silnikiem spalinowym i pojazdu z silnikiem elektrycznym pod względem funkcjonalności oraz skażenia środowiska
    Multi-criteria comparative analysis of vehicle with combustion engine and electric in terms of functionality and environmental contamination
    Autorzy:
    Gawrońska, D.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/322028.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Politechnika Śląska. Wydawnictwo Politechniki Śląskiej
    Tematy:
    kryterium
    waga
    parametry
    funkcja przynależności
    funkcje odniesienia
    skażenie środowiska
    napęd elektryczny
    silnik spalinowy
    criterion
    weight
    performance
    membership function
    function reference
    environmental pollution
    electric motor
    internal combustion engine
    Opis:
    W artykule przedstawiono analizę samochodów napędzanych silnikiem spalinowym oraz silnikiem elektrycznym ze względu na podstawowe parametry techniczne oraz skażenie środowiska. Ponieważ kryteria oceny pojazdów są zarówno kryteriami ilościowymi, jak i jakościowymi, posłużono się teorią zbiorów rozmytych. Na tej podstawie utworzono model rozmyty analizy porównawczej pojazdów.
    This paper presents an analysis of the internal combustion engine-powered vehicles and power because of the basic technical and environmental pollution. Since the criteria for assessing the vehicles are both quantitative criteria and qualitative, were used in the theory of fuzzy sets. On this basis, established a comparative analysis of fuzzy model vehicles.
    Źródło:
    Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska; 2014, 68; 153-169
    1641-3466
    Pojawia się w:
    Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Comparative performance with different versions of low heat rejection combustion chambers with crude rice bran oil
    Porównanie osiągów różnych wersji komór spalania o małych stratach ciepła przy wykorzystaniu surowego oleju roślinnego z otrąb ryżowych
    Autorzy:
    Murali, K. M. V. S.
    Rao, N. D. P.
    Prasad, B. A.
    Murthy, P. V. K.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/140033.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    alternate fuels
    vegetable oil
    biodiesel
    LHR engine
    fuel performance
    exhaust emissions
    combustion characteristics
    paliwa alternatywne
    olej roślinny
    silnik o małych stratach ciepła
    wydajność paliwa
    emisja spalin
    charakterystyka spalania
    Opis:
    It has been found that the vegetable oils are promising substitute, because of their properties are similar to those of diesel fuel and they are renewable and can be easily produced. However, drawbacks associated with crude vegetable oils are high viscosity, low volatility call for low heat rejection combustion chamber, with its significance characteristics of higher operating temperature, maximum heat release, and ability to handle lower calorific value (CV) fuel etc. Experiments were carried out to evaluate the performance of an engine consisting of different low heat rejection (LHR) combustion chambers such as ceramic coated cylinder head-LHR-1, air gap insulated piston with superni (an alloy of nickel) crown and air gap insulated liner with superni insert – LHR-2; and ceramic coated cylinder head, air gap insulated piston and air gap insulated liner – LHR-3 with normal temperature condition of crude rice bran oil (CRBO) with varied injector opening pressure. Performance parameters (brake thermal efficiency, brake specific energy consumption, exhaust gas temperature, coolant load, and volumetric efficiency) and exhaust emissions [smoke levels and oxides of nitrogen [NOx]] were determined at various values of brake mean effective pressure of the engine. Combustion characteristics [peak pressure, time of occurrence of peak pressure, maximum rate of pressure rise] were determined at full load operation of the engine. Conventional engine (CE) showed compatible performance and LHR combustion chambers showed improved performance at recommended injection timing of 27 degrees bTDC and recommend injector opening pressure of 190 bar with CRBO operation, when compared with CE with pure diesel operation. Peak brake thermal efficiency increased relatively by 7%, brake specific energy consumption at full load operation decreased relatively by 3.5%, smoke levels at full load decreased relatively by 11% and NOx levels increased relatively by 58% with LHR-3 combustion chamber with CRBO at an injector opening pressure of 190 bar when compared with pure diesel operation on CE.
    Jak wiadomo, oleje roślinne są obiecującym substytutem paliw ropopochodnych, ponieważ ich właściwości są podobne do oleju dieslowskiego, są odnawialne i łatwe do wyprodukowania. Niemniej, surowe oleje roślinne wykazują wady, takie jak wysoka lepkość i mała lotność, co wymaga komory spalania o małych stratach ciepła, której istotnymi cechami są m.in. wyższa temperatura robocza, maksymalne wydzielanie ciepła i zdolność do wykorzystania paliwa o mniejszej wartości kalorycznej (CV). Przeprowadzono eksperymenty mające na celu ocenę osiągów silnika z różnymi komorami spalania o małych stratach ciepła (LHR), takich jak głowica cylindra o pokryciu ceramicznym (LHR-1), tłok izolowany szczeliną powietrzną z denkiem ze stopu Superni (superstop niklu) i tuleją cylindra z wkładką z Superni izolowaną szczeliną powietrzną (LHR-2) oraz głowica cylindra z pokryciem ceramicznym, tłok i tuleja cylindra izolowane szczelinami powietrznymi (LHR-3). Badania prowadzono przy normalnej temperaturze oleju roślinnego (surowy olej z otrąb ryżowych, CRBO) i zmiennym ciśnieniu w otworze wtryskiwacza. Parametry osiagów silnika (użyteczna sprawność termiczna, użyteczny współczynnik zużycia energii, temperatura gazu wydychanego, obciążenie obiegiem chłodziwa i współczynnik napełnienia) oraz emisje wydechowe [poziomy dymu i tlenków azotu, NOx] zostały wyznaczone przy różnych wartościach średniego użytecznego ciśnienia w silniku. Charakterystyki spalania [ciśnienie szczytowe, czas występowania ciśnienia szczytowego, maksymalna szybkość wzrostu ciśnienia] zostały wyznaczone w warunkach pracy silnika z pełnym obciążeniem. W porównaniu z silnikiem napędzanym olejem diesla, silnik konwencjonalny (CE) wykazał podobne osiągi przy pracy z olejem roślinnym (CRBO), a w komorach spalania o małych stratach ciepła (LHR) uzyskano lepsze osiągi przy zalecanym kącie wtrysku 27b stopni TDC (przed górnym punktem zwrotnym) i zalecanym ciśnieniu w otworze wtryskiwacza równym 190 bar. Szczytowa użyteczna sprawność cieplna wzrosła relatywnie o 7%, użyteczny współczynnik zużycia energii zmalał o 3,5% przy pracy z pełnym obciążeniem, poziomy dymu przy pełnym obciążeniu zmalały o 11%, a poziom tlenków NOx wzrósł relatywnie o 58% w przypadku komory spalania typu LHR-3 napędzanej olejem roślinnym CBRO przy ciśnieniu w otworze wtryskiwacza 190 bar, w porównaniu z parametrami uzyskanymi przy pracy z czystym olejem diesla.
    Źródło:
    Archive of Mechanical Engineering; 2014, LXI, 4; 627-651
    0004-0738
    Pojawia się w:
    Archive of Mechanical Engineering
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-16 z 16

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