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Wyszukujesz frazę "combustion analysis" wg kryterium: Temat


Tytuł:
Analysis of combustion reaction based on infrared multispectral imaging
Autorzy:
Huot, A.
Gagnon, M. A.
Lagueux, P.
Farley, V.
Chamberland, M.
Kastek, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/114351.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Stowarzyszenie Inżynierów i Techników Mechaników Polskich
Tematy:
multispectral detection
combustion analysis
Opis:
Combustion analysis was carried out using Telops MS-IR MW camera which allows multispectral imaging at a high frame rate. A motorized filter wheel allowing synchronized acquisitions on eight (8) different channels was used to provide time-resolved multispectral imaging of combustion products of a candle in which black powder has been burnt to create a burst (carbon dioxide and water). It was then possible to estimate the temperature of the candle’s plume by modeling spectral profile derived from information obtained with the different spectral filters. Comparison with temperatures obtained using conventional broadband imaging illustrates the benefits of time-resolved multispectral imaging for the characterization of combustion processes.
Źródło:
Measurement Automation Monitoring; 2015, 61, 6; 165-168
2450-2855
Pojawia się w:
Measurement Automation Monitoring
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
An attempt of exhaust gases composition prediction in si engines powered by petrol and gaseous fuels
Autorzy:
Flekiewicz, M.
Kubica, G.
Flekiewicz, B.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/245747.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
CNG
LPG
exhaust gases
SI engine
combustion analysis
Opis:
Optimization procedure of the si engines feeding systems requires the application of newer and more sophisticated tools, as an addition to well known but expensive experimental methods. Numerical methods can be considered nowadays as once playing the most important role in the combustion process analysis. Paper describes the application of the dual zone model, allowing the analysis of the combustion process in an SI engine with the possibility of estimating 10 different exhaust gases i.e.: CO2, CO, H2O O2, NO, N2, H2, H, O and OH. The research has been carried on a 1.6 litr es four cylinder SI engine, fed with petrol and alternatively with LPG and CNG. In-cylinder pressure for the 4th cylinder of the tested engine has been acąuired for several engine speeds. registered in-cylinder pressure traces p=p((fi), together with the volume variation nii=nii((fi) infunction ofcrank angle, were used in the combustion process simulating calculations. Obtained results made it possible to compare selected parameters describing the combustion process. Obtained results do also prove recognized fact related to the higher temperature necessary to initiate gaseous fuel combustion.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2009, 16, 4; 105-113
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The possibility of the SI engine CO2 emission reduction with the application of CNG-hydrogen blends
Autorzy:
Flekiewicz, M.
Kubica, G.
Flekiewicz, B.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/248095.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
CNG
hydrogen
mixtures
Passenger car engine
combustion analysis
Opis:
The influence of hydrogen-methane blends application in SI engines on their CO2 emission is the main goal of this paper. The 1.6 litre engine alternatively fed with either petrol, CNG and with methane-hydrogen blends has been tested in the research program. The possibility of passenger car engine operation on H2-CH4 mixtures has been demonstrated in the paper, with the underlining of the potential of those mixtures in the increasing of the engine efficiency. Necessary changes in strategy of engine regulation, especially in air/fuel ratio, ignition advance and EGR rate, were noticed and prepared. The methane-hydrogen blends, which were used in the research programme featured ratios as follows: 5%, 10% and 15% of hydrogen. For selected engine operating points, following data has been acquired: in cylinder pressure variation, crank angle, manifold pressure and finally mass fuel consumption. On the basis of registered data for all fuels - burned temperature in cylinder has been estimated, as well as the charge combustion ratio, and the heat release rate. With help of mathematical model describing the exhaust gases formation it has been possible to estimate the NO, CO and CO2 emission level. Obtained results made it possible to compare the combustion process for all tested fuels and pointed on the significant influence of hydrogen percentage for the methane-hydrogen blends, on the CO2 emission reduction up to 20%. Negative aspects of chosen blends application have been also describe in the paper, especially of increasing engine thermal load.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2008, 15, 3; 139-146
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Influence of ignition timing advance on the CNG natural gas combustion in SI engine
Autorzy:
Flekiewicz, M.
Kubica, G.
Fabiś, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/241679.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
CNG passenger car engine
combustion analysis
ignition advance
Opis:
A significant reduction of CO2 emission in the road transport is a major challenge for next years. In the combination with efficient powertrain technologies, the potential of natural gas is excellent for comparably light and cost effective reduction of CO2 and toxic emission in the future [1-2]. As the CNG fuelling stations in Poland are not so far widespread enough to make a dedicated natural gas vehicle practical, it results necessary to start with proposing alternatively CNG powered engines. Such a bi-fuel automotive engines are necessary to bridge the gap between petrol and natural gas. As a sample of modern engine design an Opel 1.6 litre 4-cylinder engine has been selected as a base of powertrain for development of bi-fuelpassenger car engine. The influence of ignition timing on CNG combustion process has been presented in this paper. A 1.6 litre SI engine has been tested in the special program. For selected engine operating conditions, following data were acquired: in cylinder pressure, crank angle, fuel mass consumption and exhaust gases temperatures. For the settings of 6, 9, 12 and 15 deg crank angle timing advance correction, the internal temperature of combustion chamber has been estimated, as well as the charge combustion ratio and ratio of heat release were tested. With the help of the mathematical model, emissions of NO, CO and CO2 were additionally estimated. Obtained results made it possible to compare the influence of ignition timing advance on natural gas combustion in SI engine.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2008, 15, 4; 123-131
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Optimizing the shape of a compression-ignition engine combustion chamber by using simulation tests
Autorzy:
Pielecha, Ireneusz
Merkisz, Jerzy
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/962691.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Politechnika Gdańska. Wydział Inżynierii Mechanicznej i Okrętownictwa
Tematy:
CI engine combustion system
combustion process thermodynamic analysis
combustion chamber optimization
Opis:
Modern solutions used in compression-ignition internal combustion engines are quite similar to each other. The use of high-pressure, direct fuel injection results in high combustion rates with controlled exhaust emissions. One of the combustion system quality criteria is to obtain adequately high thermodynamic indicators of the combustion process, which are obtained through, among others, the right combustion chamber geometry. Its shape influences the fuel atomization process, turbulence of fuel dose, evaporation and the combustion process. Optimizing the combustion chamber shape is one of the decisive factors proving the correct execution of the combustion process. This article presents the methodology of choosing the combustion chamber shape (changes of three selected combustion chamber dimensions) by using the optimization methods. Generating multidimensional data while maintaining the correlation structure was performed by using the Latin hypercube method. Chamber optimization was carried out by using the Nelder-Mead method. The combustion chamber shape was optimized for three engine load values (determined by the average indicated pressure) at selected engine operating conditions. The presented method of engine combustion chamber optimization can be used in low and high speed diesel propulsion engines (especially in maritime transport applications).
Źródło:
Polish Maritime Research; 2019, 3; 138-146
1233-2585
Pojawia się w:
Polish Maritime Research
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
An experimental analysis of performance and exhaust emissions of a CRDI diesel engine operating on mixtures containing mineral and renewable components
Autorzy:
Duda, Kamil
Wierzbicki, Sławomir
Mikulski, Maciej
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/132854.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Naukowe Silników Spalinowych
Tematy:
exhaust emissions
common rail
biodiesel
animal fat biodiesel
combustion analysis
emisje spalin
biodiesel z tłuszczu zwierzęcego
analiza spalania
Opis:
The manuscript presents a comparative analysis of the performance and emission characteristics of a compression ignition engine equipped with a Common Rail injection system. The engine is fueled with diesel-biodiesel mixtures containing 25% and 50% share (by volume) of renewable components. Conventional diesel is used as a reference. Turkey lard and rapeseed oil are used as raw materials and subjected to the single-stage transesterification process to obtain methyl esters. The experiments are performed on a medium-duty, turbocharged, inter-cooled, Common Rail Direct Injection (CRDI) diesel engine. This study concentrates on one engine speed of 1500 rpm, typical for gen-set applications, and mid-load range from 100 Nm to 200 Nm. The scope of measurements covers the analysis of exhaust gasses concentration and engine efficiency parameters. In addition, the in-cylinder pressure measurements are performed in order to provide insight into the differences in combustion characteristics between examined fuel mixtures. The study reveals that the addition of the renewable component to fuel mixture positively affects a number of examined performance parameters as well as de-creases the concentration of the examined toxic exhaust components, in the majority of cases.
Źródło:
Combustion Engines; 2019, 58, 4; 27-31
2300-9896
2658-1442
Pojawia się w:
Combustion Engines
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Zastosowanie diagnostycznego analizatora spalin typu NDIR do pomiaru emisji spalin silnika o zapłonie samoczynnym
Selected aspects of application of ndir combustion gas analyser to measure combustion gas emission from self-ignition engine
Autorzy:
Kuranc, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/288724.pdf
Data publikacji:
2006
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Rolniczej
Tematy:
silnik spalinowy
spaliny
analizator spalin
stany nieustalone
rozruch zimny
combustion engine
combustion gas analysis
non-stationary states
cold start-up
Opis:
Niniejszy artykuł przedstawia zastosowanie do badań emisji spalin silnika o zapłonie samoczynnym analizatora typu Multigas 488 Plus. Dla wydajniejszego wykorzystania wyników pomiarów uzyskiwanych przy pomocy analizatora sporządzono program komputerowy, dzięki któremu możliwa jest jego współpraca z komputerem klasy PC i w konsekwencji dalsza, dokładniejsza analiza emisji. Zrealizowane dotychczas badania i uzyskane wyniki wykazują przydatność tej metody, poszerzając jednocześnie spektrum wykorzystania opisywanej aparatury pomiarowej, umożliwiając przykładowo wykonywanie badań podczas pracy w zmiennych warunkach.
The present paper presents the possibilities of using the Multigas 488 Plus analyser for analysing emission of a self-ignition engine. In order to more effectively process the measurement results obtained while testing with the analyser, an application has been developed which allows cooperation with a PC, resulting in greater accuracy of emission analysis. The tests carried out and results obtained so far indicate feasibility of the method, at the same time broadening the range of applications of the measuring equipment being discussed, to allow, for instance, testing in changeable conditions.
Źródło:
Inżynieria Rolnicza; 2006, R. 10, nr 5(80), 5(80); 385-393
1429-7264
Pojawia się w:
Inżynieria Rolnicza
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Nanoaluminium: Is There any Relationship between Particle Size, Non-isothermal Oxidation Data and Ballistics?
Autorzy:
Gromov, A.
Teipel, U.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/358282.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Przemysłu Organicznego
Tematy:
combustion
thermal analysis
oxidation
nanoaluminium
Opis:
This article focuses on data analyses and comparisons for aluminium nanopowders (or nanoaluminium, nAl) reactions under slow (0.5-20.0 K/min, using DTA/DSC/TGA) and fast (>10000 K/min, combustion in solid propellant formulations) non-isothermal oxidation. Particle sizes were defined through the BET method. Active Al content was related with the averaged reactivity parameters, taken from published DTA/DSC/TGA data. The specific oxidation onset temperature for nAl was poorly correlated with the BET particle size under the conditions investigated. Furthermore, the BET particle size exhibited no correlation with the observed ballistic response (burning rate) at 3.0 MPa. A logarithmic correlation y = 17.484 ln(x) – 5813, with R² = 0.73, was found between nAl particle size and its aluminium content. A calibration equation for the oxidation onset temperature as a function of nAl particle size was determined as y = −0.0071x2 + 3.3173x + 479.32, with R² = 0.75. Specific features of the nAl (metallic aluminum content in nAl and the oxidation onset temperature) can be predicted based on the measured powder parameters (such as BET particle size).
Źródło:
Central European Journal of Energetic Materials; 2017, 14, 3; 501-519
1733-7178
Pojawia się w:
Central European Journal of Energetic Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Badania symulacyjne układu wtrysku benzyny Bosch Motronic
The research of simulation of the fuels injection system Bosch Motronic
Autorzy:
Dziubiński, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/395437.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Stowarzyszenie Inżynierów i Techników Mechaników Polskich
Tematy:
układ wtrysku paliwa
czujniki
analiza procesu spalania
fuel injection system
sensors
analysis of the combustion process
Opis:
W artykule przedstawiono wyniki badań symulacyjnych wybranych urządzeń elektrycznych pojazdów samochodowych. Badania przeprowadzono dla elektronicznego układu wtrysku paliwa Motronic firmy Bosch. W ramach badań zarejestrowano czasy wtrysku paliwa oraz przeprowadzono symulacje uszkodzeń elementów mechatronicznych. Doświadczalne badania symulacyjne umożliwiają analizę poszczególnych sygnałów czujników i ich wpływ na ekologiczne aspekty procesu spalania. Badania przeprowadzono dla oryginalnego sterownika układu wtrysku paliwa MA 1.7 firmy Bosch oraz na obiekcie rzeczywistym systemu Mono-Motronic rejestrując składniki procesu spalania przy użyciu analizatora spalin.
The paper presents the results of simulations of selected electrical equipment in the cars. The study was conducted for the electronic fuel injection system Bosch Motronic. The study recorded the fuel injection timing and simulation of mechatronic elements damages. The experimental simulation studies enable analysis of various sensor signals and their impact on the ecological aspects of the combustion process. The study was conducted for the original fuel injection system controller Bosch MA 1.7 and the real object Mono-Motronic system components of the combustion process by registering with the exhaust gas analyzer.
Źródło:
Postępy Nauki i Techniki; 2012, 14; 75-82
2080-4075
Pojawia się w:
Postępy Nauki i Techniki
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Evaluation of current developments and trends in the diagnosis of marine diesel engines based on the indicator diagrams analysis
Autorzy:
Pawletko, R.
Polanowski, S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/244253.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
combustion pressure sensor
indicator diagram analysis
Opis:
The paper analyses the current offer of combustion pressure sensors for use on marine engines under operating conditions, methods of data acquisition, methods of determining TDC position and methods of obtaining diagnostic information from the indicator diagrams. Terms of continuous work on marine engines themselves only: new ABB cylinder pressure sensor, the piezoelectric sensors from KISTLER and AVL companies, but with limitations, the main ones being stability at high temperature. Another important issue for the accuracy of mean indicated pressure and heat released characteristics determination is referred to TDC position on the indicator diagrams. TDC is appropriate thermodynamic point, it is hardly determinable in the presence of interference and lack of sufficient information – but is used, for example in ABB solution. One of the sources of diagnostic information is to analyse trends in some parameters, which, unfortunately, is very difficult in environments with varying engine loads. Further progress in the diagnostic use of indicator diagrams should be associated with the use of the heat released characteristics and the net internal efficiency, which as shown by the results of preliminary tests can be used to assess the accuracy of the injection and combustion of fuel, including gas fuel. Supplementing these methods may be the use of vibration and noise to detect certain malfunctions.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2014, 21, 4; 389-396
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Application of Model-Based Tests for Analysing the Consequences of Mine Fires
Autorzy:
Tutak, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2064980.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
STE GROUP
Tematy:
mine fires
methane combustion
numerical analysis
Opis:
One of the most common and most dangerous hazards in underground coal mines is fire hazard. Mine fires can be exogenous or endogenous in nature. In the case of the former, a particular hazard is posed by methane fires that occur in dog headings and longwalls. Endogenous and exogenous fires are large hazard for working crew in mining headings and cause economics losses for mining plants. Mine fires result in emission of harmful chemical products and have a crucial impact on the physical parameters of the airflow. The subject of the article concerns the analysis of the consequences of methane fires in dog headings. These consequences were identified by means of model-based tests. For this purpose, a model was developed and boundary conditions were adopted to reflect the actual layout of the headings and the condition of the atmosphere in the area under analysis. The objective of the test was to determine the effects of methane fires on the chemical composition of the atmosphere and the physical parameters of the gas mixture generated in the process. The results obtained clearly indicate that fires have a significant impact on the above-mentioned values. The paper presents the distributions for the physical parameters of the resulting gas mixture and the concentration of fire gases. Moreover, it shows the distributions of temperature and oxygen concentration levels in the headings under analysis. The methodology developed for the application of model-based tests to analyse fire events in mine headings represents a new approach to the problem of investigating the consequences of such fires. It is also suitable for variant analyses of the processes related to the ventilation of underground mine workings as well as for analyses of emergency states. Model-based tests should support the assessment of the methane hazard levels and, subsequently, lead to an improvement of work safety in mines.
Źródło:
Multidisciplinary Aspects of Production Engineering; 2018, 1, 1; 767--774
2545-2827
Pojawia się w:
Multidisciplinary Aspects of Production Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Evaluation of the possibility of occurrence of selected damage to a car engine turbocharger using the event tree analysis (ETA)
Autorzy:
Bor, M.
Karpiuk, W.
Smolec, R.
Spadło, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/241572.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
turbocharger
combustion engines
Event Tree Analysis
ETA
Opis:
The subject of the article is the identification of factors behind the incorrect operation of a car turbocharger that, in longer perspective, lead to the damage of the device. Due to the operating principle and design features, the device works with many engine systems – intake, exhaust, lubrication systems and also, increasingly more often, with the cooling system. A multitude of relations, complexity, and working conditions are reasons due to which the device is sensitive to disturbances of quality parameters of the working media (e.g. oil). In the article based on the selected causes of damage of turbochargers, we focused on the following initiating event, concerning the bearings lubrication system, which is clogged oil strainer. The authors aims at performing an analysis allowing to increase the detectability of emerging malfunctions that lead to deterioration of operating conditions of the device. For this task tool such as ETA (Event Tree Analysis) was used. It is a tool for assessing system and process safety. It facilitates detecting potential risks, as well as relations existing between actions or events. This method explores the path from the initiating event to the outcome (most often representing the immobilization of the tested object), with particular emphasis on intermediate stages affecting the technical condition of the object. Unlike the FTA analyses, which have a deductive nature, the ETA analysis is inductive. The analysis of the obtained results, supported with validation by means of ETA, allowed proving that, given the current state of knowledge and advancements in technology, it is possible to apply additional sensors for monitoring the operation of a turbocharger. The proposed modifications were considered minor design changes that significantly increase the reliability of the device.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2018, 25, 3; 71-76
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Employing Optical Measurements for Monitoring and Diagnostics of Combustion Process in Industrial Conditions
Autorzy:
Wójcik, W.
Suleimenov, B.
Junisbekov, M.
Kalizhanova, A.
Smailova, S.
Mussabekov, R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/124530.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
combustion process
fiber optic probe
signal analysis
Opis:
The paper discusses some practical problems conected with introdction of modern coal combustion technologies as well as biomass co-combustion. In order to ensure that the combustion process runs in a proper way, the multichannel fiber optic monitoring system was applied. The system converts the optical signals coming from several flame zones to electrical that were further transmitted to the control room. The article prsents signal analyses made in time-frequency domain using short-time Fourier transform and wavelet transform and the way of their visualization to power boiler operators.
Źródło:
Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2017, 18, 1; 273-283
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The stress analysis of high loaded diesel engine piston
Autorzy:
Cupiał, K.
Sobiepański, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/247526.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
pistons
internal combustion engines
numerical analysis
stresses
Opis:
Modern diesel engines reach high power out put per volume unit. This is the main reason, why modern passenger cars and other medium size vehicles are powered by those engines. It is very important to keep reliability, characteristic for past generations of diesel engines. It is a difficult task, because of higher thermal loading of engine parts, especially pistons. Typical fuel injection systems are now, almost all, high pressure, common-rail systems. Modern common-rail injectors are situated centrally between valves, and are manufactured as minimum six nozzle injectors. Combustion chamber is made in piston crown. This is the highest thermal loaded part of whole engine. Injected fuel starts to burn when piston is near to TDC position. Flame acts piston surfaces, what can be proven by inspection of piston with help of endoscope, or after removing engine head. The thermal load of piston crown is not uniform, due to not uniform conditions of heat transfer at piston crown surface. Part of piston crown reaches higher temperature due to direct flame acting. Authors present results of numerical simulations, which were done to check how stresses in piston depend on injector position and temperature distribution in piston materiał. The results of calculations indicate, that injector should not to be situated randomly. If nozzles of injector are situated in such way, that burningfuel sprays acts piston in the piston pin plane, stresses in hub of piston pin and piston crown increase significantly. That can decrease reliability of engine due to piston failure. Authors indicate, that thermal load is the most dangerous for piston of modern, common-rail diesel engines. Load caused by mass forces and pressure are less important when temperature of some regions of piston is above 320°C.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2010, 17, 4; 109-116
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Numerical analysis of some parameters of SI internal combustion engine with exhaust gas recirculation
Analiza numeryczna wybranych parametrow pracy silnika ZI z recyrkulacja spalin
Autorzy:
Tutak, W.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/792847.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Komisja Motoryzacji i Energetyki Rolnictwa
Tematy:
internal combustion engine
combustion
exhaust gas recirculation
modelling
thermal cycle
engine parameter
knock combustion process
numerical analysis
Źródło:
Teka Komisji Motoryzacji i Energetyki Rolnictwa; 2011, 11
1641-7739
Pojawia się w:
Teka Komisji Motoryzacji i Energetyki Rolnictwa
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł

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