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    Wyświetlanie 1-9 z 9
    Tytuł:
    Effect of environmental phthalate exposure on pregnancy duration and birth outcomes
    Autorzy:
    Polańska, Kinga
    Ligocka, Danuta
    Sobala, Wojciech
    Hanke, Wojciech
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2177431.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016-06-16
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Medycyny Pracy im. prof. dra Jerzego Nofera w Łodzi
    Tematy:
    prenatal exposure
    gestational age
    cohort study
    phthalates
    urinary metabolites
    birth outcomes
    Opis:
    Objectives The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of phthalate exposure on pregnancy duration and birth outcomes based on the Polish Mother and Child Cohort (REPRO_PL). Material and Methods Phthalate exposure was determined by measuring 11 phthalate metabolites (mono-ethyl phthalate (MEP), mono-iso-butyl phthalate (MiBP), mono-n-butyl phthalate (MnBP), 3OH-mono-n-butyl phthalate (OH-MnBP), mono-benzyl phthalate (MBzP), mono‑ (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (MEHP), mono-(2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl) phthalate (MEHHP), mono-(2-ethyl-5-oxohexyl) phthalate (MEOHP), mono-hydroxy-iso-nonyl phthalate (MHiNP), mono-oxo-iso-nonyl phthalate (MOiNP), and mono-n-octyl phthalate (MOP)) in the urine collected from 165 mothers during the third trimester of pregnancy by high performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS). The following measures at birth were considered: gestational age, birth weight, length as well as head and chest circumference. Results Pregnancy duration was inversely associated with natural log concentrations (μg/g creatinine) of MEP (standardized regression coefficient (β) = –0.2, p = 0.04) after adjustment for a variety of confounders. Significant impact of MOiNP on head circumference (β = –0.1, p = 0.05) was also observed. Conclusions The study findings add further support to the hypothesis that phthalate exposure may be associated with shorter pregnancy duration and a decreased head circumference, and underscore importance of public health interventions to reduce that exposure.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health; 2016, 29, 4; 683-697
    1232-1087
    1896-494X
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Epidemia palenia w Krakowie
    Autorzy:
    Pająk, Andrzej
    Szafraniec, Krystyna
    Frejek, Magdalena
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/635191.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2009
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Jagielloński. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego
    Tematy:
    smoking, mortality, cohort study
    Opis:
    Smoking Epidemic in KrakowElimination of tobacco smoking is an important measure to support health and increase life expectancy. Availability of local data on smoking prevalence and health consequences of smoking is of crucial importance for any anti-smoking campaign.The aim of the present paper is to: 1) describe prevalence of smoking in population of middle-aged residents of Krakow, 2) assess a smokingrelated total mortality risk, and 3) evaluate an excess total mortality attributed to smoking.The study was based on data from Polish part of the HAPIEE Project (Health, Alcohol, Psychosocial Factors in Eastern Europe), a prospective study initiated in 2002. Krakow residents at age 45–69 years were randomly selected within age and gender strata from population registers. Out of initial 10,728 participants, 4857 men and 5127 women were included to the present analysis. Out of them 1630 (34%) men and 1330 (26%) women were current smokers, and 1763 (36%) men and 1077 (22%) women were former smokers. Altogether 71% men and 48% women were ever-smokers. Mean follow-up time was 61 (SD = 10.6) and 62 (SD = 8.0) months for men and women respectively. During the follow-up period there were 294 (6.1%) deaths in men and 135 (2.7%) deaths in women. In total 51,345 person-years were observed. After adjustment to the main cardiovascular risk factors (age, education, BMI, systolic blood pressure , total cholesterol, physical activity and alcohol consumption) more then 3 times higher hazard ratio (HR = 3.3, 95% CI: 2.25–4.99) for currently smoking men and 2 times higher hazard ratio (HR = 2.2, 95% CI: 1.29–3.39) for women compared to non-smokers were observed. In ever-smokers the hazard ratios were as follows: HR = 2.6, 95% CI: 1.78–3.71 for men and HR = 1.8, 95% CI: 1.17–2.69 for women. Among former smokers, the lowest hazard ratio was observed in those who quit smoking more than 15 years ago. In total, 53% of all deaths in men and 18% of all deaths in women were attributed to smoking.In conclusion, implementation of an effective intervention program on smoking cessation should be one of the main targets of public health and preventive medicine in Krakow.
    Źródło:
    Zdrowie Publiczne i Zarządzanie; 2009, 7, 2
    2084-2627
    Pojawia się w:
    Zdrowie Publiczne i Zarządzanie
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Evaluating exposure-response relationship in 1,3-butadiene and leukemia studies
    Autorzy:
    Antoniou, Evangelia E.
    Kirman, Chris
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/45904817.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2024-09-10
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Medycyny Pracy im. prof. dra Jerzego Nofera w Łodzi
    Tematy:
    risk assessment
    leukemia
    exposure-response modelling
    occupational cohort study
    regulatory toxicology
    3-butadiene
    Opis:
    Objectives 1,3-Butadiene (BD) exposure’s link to leukemia is under regulatory scrutiny. The assessment methods for BD exposure risks have evolved from early animal and limited human studies to advanced exposure-response modelling with comprehensive quantitative data. The objective of this study is to explore the nuances of exposure-response modelling, investigating how various statistical methods have influenced the quantification of exposure-response relationships. Material and Methods Although this study was not conducted as a formal systematic review, a search was performed in Medline/Pubmed to identify all human studies on leukemia risk assessment for BD exposure. This search included articles written in English. The electronic search spanned from inception of records until July 23, 2023, using the search term: “butadiene AND (leukaemia OR leukemia OR myeloid OR lymphoid)” and was restricted to human species. Focusing on the synthetic styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) industry cohort study conducted by the University of Alabama at Birmingham, USA, this review evaluates various statistical models and factors influencing exposure-response modelling. Results Peak exposures to BD may be more influential in the dose-response relationship than cumulative or long-term exposure. The authors recommend utilizing β-coefficients derived from the latest SBR study update, employing Cox proportional hazard modelling, non-lagged and non-transformed cumulative BD exposure, and adjusting for age and peak BD exposure. The study reveals that statistical model selection has a limited impact on the calculated dose-response effects. The significant variation in estimated cancer mortality values arises from additional assumptions needed for metrics like the excess leukemia risk or the occupational BD effective concentration. Conclusions In conclusion, this study provides insights into exposure-response modelling for BD exposure and leukemia mortality, highlighting the importance of peak exposures. The recommended statistical approach offers a reliable basis for regulatory risk assessment and public health population metrics.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health; 2024, 37, 3; 300-310
    1232-1087
    1896-494X
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Investigating the severity and factors influencing the occurrence of pressure ulcers in hospitalized cerebrovascular accident patients: a retrospective cohort study
    Autorzy:
    Fallahi, Masoud
    Vafaee, Kamran
    Korab, Maciej
    Sadeghi, Narges
    Moradi, Yasaman
    Amini, Mahin
    Karimi, Zohreh
    Mahdavikian, Somayeh
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/29519599.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2024-02-23
    Wydawca:
    Fundacja Edukacji Medycznej, Promocji Zdrowia, Sztuki i Kultury Ars Medica
    Tematy:
    pressure ulcers
    cerebrovascular accidents
    stroke
    cohort study
    Opis:
    Patients with cerebrovascular accidents (CVA) are at risk of developing PUs due to sensory, motor and cognitive deficits following the disease. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the severity and factors affecting the occurrence of PUs in patients with CVA. The present study was a retrospective cohort study. The data of this research was extracted from the registry system of Imam Reza Hospital located in the west of Iran. 217 patients with CVA with Braden score below 14 or with PU were included in the study. In order to investigate the relationship between independent variables and wound stage in univariate regression model, logistic regression was used, and the results were reported as odds ratio (OR). Data were analyzed with Stata statistical software version 15 and Excel 2016 software. Out of 217 CVA patients hospitalized, 180 had pressure ulcers. In total, 465 PUs were diagnosed in 180 patients in different areas. The average age of patients was (SD=61±8.78) years. 65 patients suffered only one wound, 38 patients experienced two wounds, and 37 patients experienced three wounds. The highest number of PUs was with 201 cases of stage I, followed by 180 cases of stage II. Stage IV with 2 cases was the least PU cases. Patients with a Braden score of 10-12 were 3.89 times more likely than patients with a Braden score greater than 14, and patients with a Braden score of 6-9 were diagnosed with PUS 6.67 times more than those with a Braden score greater than 14. Regarding the site of PUs, the sacrum and then the buttock were the most common sites of PU, which were observed in 65.56% and 29.49% of patients, respectively. The highest number of stage I was related to the sacrum area. The sacrum was the most common site of PU occurrence and the highest number of PUs was related to stage I. Age, fecal incontinence, hemoglobin levels and Braden’s score have been among the factors affecting PUs in patients with CVA.
    Źródło:
    Acta Neuropsychologica; 2024, 22(1); 67-80
    1730-7503
    2084-4298
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Neuropsychologica
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Is prenatal arsenic exposure associated with salivary cortisol in infants in Arica, Chile? An exploratory cohort study
    Autorzy:
    Salgado, M.A.V.
    Schisterman, E.
    Pino, P.
    Bangdiwala, S.
    Munoz, M.P.
    Iglesias, V.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2083226.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Medycyny Wsi
    Tematy:
    environmental exposure
    arsenic
    pregnant women
    cohort study
    Chile
    Opis:
    Introduction. In animal models, gestational exposure to inorganic arsenic has been associated with higher corticosterone concentration and consequent impairment of stress control in offspring. An equivalent association relating cortisol, a glucocorticoid hormone, in humans has not been previously studied. Objective. The aim of the study was to explore the association between prenatal inorganic arsenic exposure and salivary cortisol in infants from Arica, Chile. Materials and method. A cohort study of 168 mother-child dyads was recruited. In the 2nd trimester of pregnancy, urinary inorganic arsenic was assessed; 18–24 months after delivery, salivary cortisol was measured in the children. Maternal cortisol, maternal depression, stress, and socio-economic status were also evaluated. Results. The adjusted association was estimated with multiple linear regression after evaluating confounding through a directed acyclic graph. Median urinary inorganic arsenic in pregnant women was 14.1 μg/L (IQR: 10.4–21.7) while salivary cortisol in the children was 0.17 μg/L (IQR: 0.11–0.38). Among children from the highest income families (> 614 USD/month), arsenic exposure was associated with salivary cortisol. Children in the third quartile of arsenic exposure had -0.769 units of the logarithm of salivary cortiso, compared with those in the first quartile (p = 0.045). Conclusions. In this sample, prenatal exposure to arsenic was associated with salivary cortisol (third quartile of inorganic arsenic), only in infants belonging the highest income strata (> 614 USD). More studies are needed to confirm these preliminary results.
    Źródło:
    Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine; 2019, 26, 2; 266-272
    1232-1966
    Pojawia się w:
    Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Occupational exposure to trichloroethylene and cancer risk for workers at the Paducah Gaseous Diffusion Plant
    Autorzy:
    Bahr, Debra E.
    Aldrich, Timothy E.
    Seidu, Dazar
    Brion, Gail M.
    Tollerud, David J.
    Muldoon, Susan
    Reinhart, Nancy
    Youseefagha, Ahmed
    McKinney, Paul
    Hughes, Therese
    Chan, Caroline
    Rice, Carol
    Brewer, David E.
    Freyberg, Ronald W.
    Mohlenkamp, Adriane M.
    Hahn, Kristen
    Hornung, Richard
    Ho, Mona
    Dastidar, Aniruddha
    Freitas, Samantha
    Saman, Daniel
    Ravdal, Hege
    Scutchfield, Douglas
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2185472.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2011-03-01
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Medycyny Pracy im. prof. dra Jerzego Nofera w Łodzi
    Tematy:
    cohort study
    gaseous diffusion plant
    trichloroethylene
    Healthy Worker Effect
    Opis:
    Objective: The Paducah Gaseous Diffusion Plant (PGDP) became operational in 1952; it is located in the western part of Kentucky. We conducted a mortality study for adverse health effects that workers may have suffered while working at the plant, including exposures to chemicals. Materials and Methods: We studied a cohort of 6820 workers at the PGDP for the period 1953 to 2003; there were a total of 1672 deaths to cohort members. Trichloroethylene (TCE) is a specific concern for this workforce; exposure to TCE occurred primarily in departments that clean the process equipment. The Life Table Analysis System (LTAS) program developed by NIOSH was used to calculate the standardized mortality ratios for the worker cohort and standardized rate ratio relative to exposure to TCE (the U.S. population is the referent for ageadjustment). LTAS calculated a significantly low overall SMR for these workers of 0.76 (95% CI: 0.72–0.79). A further review of three major cancers of interest to Kentucky produced significantly low SMR for trachea, bronchus, lung cancer (0.75, 95% CI: 0.72–0.79) and high SMR for Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL) (1.49, 95% CI: 1.02–2.10). Results: No significant SMR was observed for leukemia and no significant SRRs were observed for any disease. Both the leukemia and lung cancer results were examined and determined to reflect regional mortality patterns. However, the Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma finding suggests a curious amplification when living cases are included with the mortality experience. Conclusions: Further examination is recommended of this recurrent finding from all three U.S. Gaseous Diffusion plants.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health; 2011, 24, 1; 67-77
    1232-1087
    1896-494X
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Occupational, Personal and Psychosocial Resources for Preventing Persistent Low Back Pain
    Autorzy:
    Melloh, M.
    Salathe, C. R.
    Elfering, A.
    Kaser, A.
    Barz, T.
    Aghayev, E.
    Roder, C.
    Theis, J. C.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/90429.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013
    Wydawca:
    Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
    Tematy:
    occupational
    health outcomes
    low back pain
    predictors
    prognosis
    prospective cohort study
    badania naukowe
    nerwoból okolicy grzbietowej
    zagrożenia zdrowia
    profilaktyka
    czynnik ludzki
    czynniki psychospołeczne
    czynniki zawodowe
    czynniki personalne
    Opis:
    The aim of this prospective cohort study was to identify modifiable protective factors of the progression of acute/subacute low back pain (LBP) to the persistent state at an early stage to reduce the socioeconomic burden of persistent LBP. Patients attending a health practitioner for acute/subacute LBP were assessed at baseline addressing occupational, personal and psychosocial factors, and followed up over 12 weeks. Pearson correlations were calculated between these baseline factors and the presence of nonpersistent LBP at 12-week follow-up. For those factors found to be significant, multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed. The final 3-predictor model included job satisfaction, mental health and social support. The accuracy of the model was 72%, with 81% of nonpersistent and 60% of persistent LBP patients correctly identified. Further research is necessary to confirm the role of different types of social support regarding their prognostic influence on the development of persistent LBP.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2013, 19, 1; 29-40
    1080-3548
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Structural Equation Modelling in the exploration and analysis of intrauterine environmental exposures with infant health effects
    Autorzy:
    Salgado, M.A.V.
    Bastias, M.
    Schisterman, E.
    Pino, P.
    Bangdiwala, S.
    Iglesias, V.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2085142.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Medycyny Wsi
    Tematy:
    structural equation model
    cohort study
    arsenic
    Chile
    intrauterine exposure
    Opis:
    Introduction. In epidemiology, generalized linear models are the main statistical methods used to explore associations. However, the use of other methods such as Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) is gradually increasing. Objective. The aim of the study was to illustrate the use of SEM in the assessment of salivary cortisol concentration in infants as a biomarker of perinatal exposure to inorganic arsenic. Materials and method. This was a cohort study of pregnant women recruited from public health care centres in Arica, Chile, in 2013. Socio-demographic information and urine samples to assess inorganic arsenic were collected during the second trimester of pregnancy. Saliva samples were collected to assess cortisol in infants between 18–24 months of age. Four linear regression models (LRMs) and two SEMs were run to estimate the effect of prenatal exposure to inorganic arsenic on cortisol concentration in infants. Results. According to LRMs and SEMs, prenatal exposure to inorganic arsenic and salivary cortisol were not associated. However, the association between maternal cortisol and cortisol in infants was statistically significant in all models; for each increase in standard deviation of the covariate Ln(maternal cortisol), the outcome Ln(cortisol in infant) increased by 0.49 units of variance in both SEMs. Conclusions. LRMs and SEMs were useful to assess the effect of prenatal exposure to inorganic arsenic on cortisol in infants. However, SEM allowed the adjustment of estimations by an estimated latent that obtained the information about income, occupation, education and ethnicity in a more comprehensive way than achieved by LRM.
    Źródło:
    Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine; 2019, 26, 4; 617-622
    1232-1966
    Pojawia się w:
    Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-9 z 9

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