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    Wyświetlanie 1-3 z 3
    Tytuł:
    Nauki dla wyzwolenia w okresie Upaniszad, czyli u źródeł hinduskiej edukacji religijno-filozoficznej
    Teachings for liberation in the Upanishads: At the source of Hindu religious and philosophical education
    Autorzy:
    Nowicki, Michał
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2076864.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019-12-31
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Historii Nauki im. Ludwika i Aleksandra Birkenmajerów
    Tematy:
    historia oświaty
    hinduizm
    Upaniszady
    tajne nauczanie
    inicjacja
    bramini
    guru
    history of education
    Hinduism
    Upanishads
    clandestine education
    initiation
    Brahmins
    gurus
    Opis:
    The article presents the issue of religious and philosophical education in India during the Upanishadic period. It starts by placing the discussed phenomenon in the context of the history of ideas and the evolution of literature from the Vedas, through the Brahmanas and the Aranyakas, to the Upanishads. A proper analysis of the issue ensues by showing the reasons for the popularity of such education in India. In fact, it stems from the purpose of human life. The Upanishads are highly educational texts in both their philosophical and practical layers. Consequently, they were used to describe the teachings and methods which over time came close to the teachings of Samkhya and Yoga.
    Źródło:
    Rozprawy z Dziejów Oświaty; 2019, 56; 67-80
    0080-4754
    Pojawia się w:
    Rozprawy z Dziejów Oświaty
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Życie zapomniane – praca i działalność oświatowa Marii Gomólińskiej w pierwszych instytucjach oświaty dorosłych w Polsce
    Autorzy:
    Tabor, Urszula
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/464103.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2010
    Wydawca:
    Akademickie Towarzystwo Andragogiczne
    Tematy:
    historia edukacji dorosłych
    edukacja dorosłych w Polsce
    początki andragogiki w Polsce
    tajna oświata dorosłych
    tajne nauczanie w okresie zaborów
    Czytelnie Bezpłatne WTD
    Instytut Oświaty Dorosłych
    Centralne Biuro Kursów dla Dorosłych
    history of adult education
    adult education in Poland
    andragogy in Poland
    clandestine adults teaching
    Central Office of Adult Courses in Poland
    Opis:
    Artykuł poświęcony jest wspomnieniu o Marii Leontynie Gomóliń-skiej, nauczycielce i działaczce oświatowej, żyjącej w latach 1866-1935. Mimo, że wkład Gomólińskiej w działalność pedagogiczną w Polsce przełomu XIX i XX wieku był znaczący, jest to postać niemal zapomniana, nie tylko wśród przeciętnych czytelników, ale także w kręgach pedagogów i andragogów. W artykule opi-sana została przede wszystkim jej działalność na rzecz oświaty dorosłych – zarów-no ta praktyczna, gdy nauczała w organizacjach tajnych, jak i organizacyjna, gdy uczestniczyła w powołaniu i pracy pierwszych instytucji oświaty dorosłych w Pol-sce. Jej postać ukazana jest na tle działalności takich instytucji jak: Czytelnie Bez-płatne Warszawskiego Towarzystwa Dobroczynności, Koło Kobiece Oświaty Lu-dowej, Koło Wychowawców, Towarzystwo Kursów Naukowych a także Centralne Biuro Kursów dla Dorosły. Gomólińska czynnie działała we wszystkich wymie-nionych instytucjach, nieraz zaangażowana w ich powołanie, nie pozostawiła jed-nak żadnej znaczącej pracy naukowej, która wieńczyłaby dzieło jej nauczania. Jej dorobek ma przede wszystkim charakter praktyczny – w postaci opracowanych ka-talogów dla Czytelni Bezpłatnych WTD, wykształconych przez nią na tajnych lekcjach licznych nauczycieli i dorosłych. Jawi się ona, jako postać pracująca w cie-niu wielkich nazwisk polskiej andragogiki jak Heleny Radlińskiej czy Stanisława Michalskiego, tym bardziej zatem wspomnienie o niej warte jest rewitalizacji jako przykładu postaci zapomnianej a znaczącej dla narodzin polskiej andragogiki.
    The article is devoted to Maria Leontyna Gomólińska, the teacher and the activist, who lived between 1866 and 1935. At present she is forgotten not only by ordinary readers, but also by professional teachers of adult education. The publication describes her activity in the field of practice and theory of pedagogy and andragogy. She organized clandestine adult teaching and also participated in estab-lishing organizations like: Czytelnie Bezpłatne Warszawskiego Towarzystwa Dobroczynności Free Reading Rooms of the Warsaw Charitable Society. (Free of Charge Reading Room of Warsaw Company of the Charity), Koło Kobiece Oświaty Ludowej (Women's Folk Education Club), Koło Wychowawców (Society of Tutors) and also Centralne Biuro Kursów dla Dorosłych (Central Office of Adult Courses).Even though she was very active in these organizations, she left no publication about her work. The practical results of her activity are: library catalogues (drawn up by her) and many educated adults and teachers. She worked “in the shadows” of great people of Polish andragogy, like: Helena Radlińska or Stanisław Michalski. Therefore it is important to recall her, since she is an example of a forgotten teacher and activist.
    Źródło:
    Edukacja Dorosłych; 2010, 2(63); 132-147
    1230-929X
    Pojawia się w:
    Edukacja Dorosłych
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Walka o utrzymanie narodowego (demokratycznego) ideału wychowawczego w polskiej oświacie w latach 1944-1947
    The Struggle for Maintaining the National (Democratic) Educational Ideal in Polish Schools in 1944-1947
    Autorzy:
    Składanowski, Henryk
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1953895.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2004
    Wydawca:
    Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL
    Tematy:
    Szkolnictwo
    Tajna Organizacja Nauczycielska
    Polski Komitet Wyzwolenia Narodowego
    Polska Partia Robotnicza
    Polskie Stronnictwo Ludowe
    Tymczasowy Rząd Jedności Narodowej
    Ministerstwo Oświaty
    Związek Nauczycielstwa Polskiego
    education
    Clandestine Teachers' Organization (TON)
    Polish Committee of National Liberation (PKWN)
    Polish Workers' Party (PPR)
    Polish Peasants' Party (PSL)
    Provisional Government of National Unity (TRJN)
    Ministry of Education
    Polish Teachers' Association (ZNP)
    Opis:
    After the Polish Committee of National Liberation (PKWN) had been established, Communist education activists came to Poland from the Soviet Union. The group was led by Dr Stanisław Skrzeszewski who was appointed Head of the Education Department in Lublin. In order to draw teachers to work in the Polish school that was being rebuilt, they had to completely change the views of education they had propagated before. These were tactical actions supposed to neutralize the teacher circle's unfavorable or hostile attitudes. This resulted from the fact that the education structure of the London Government Delegation and the Clandestine Teachers' Organization (TON), working on the liberated lands, were under the influence of the Peasants' Party (SL), and they did not join the new authorities' organizational work, as they did not trust the Polish Workers' Party or the National People's Council. This is why in the “Appeal to the Polish Teachers” issued on 1 August 1944 by the Education Department in Lublin it was, among others, stated, that “The teacher has a complete freedom of democratic political views, speech and actions, according to his views”. The people managing the Education Department, knowing the moods prevailing in the society, did not want to introduce radical changes at the initial stage, and the curriculum, including history, was the same as the one before the war. This is proven, among others, by the “Directions for organizing public primary schools in the school year 1944/45”. Such actions resulted from the social-political situation obtaining in Poland at that time. The new authorities did not want to indispose the Polish society and the teachers towards themselves, as the Communist education activists coming from the USSR were already looked at with suspicion. They were also afraid for their own future fate, as the PKWN, and then the Provisional Government were not recognized by the two remaining superpowers of the anti-Hitler coalition, that is, the United States and Great Britain. This had a great influence on the compromise solutions decided on in the field of education. In the new Provisional Government of National Unity (TRJN) appointed on 28 June 1945, on the basis of the agreement between the three superpowers concluded in Jalta, a Polish Peasants' Party (PSL) activist, the president of the Polish Teachers' Association (ZNP), Czesław Wycech became Minister of Education. When Czesław Wycech took over the function of the minister, the Communists, partly debarred from the posts of authority, still tried to influence the crucial decisions, keeping some of the most important positions. Żanna Kormanowa, an education activist who came from the Soviet Union, is a good example here. She had the key function of the Head of the School Reform and Curricula Department. Despite fears of losing it the Communists were able to keep the position. Formally not controlling the Ministry of Education, they in fact had a lot of influence on the curricula that were being prepared. Many PPR activists knew that establishing the TRJN was a necessary compromise. However, they could not understand why the party had given up just this ministry, as their educational work done so far was assessed as very good by the party leaders. They thought that reconstructing the contents of school education in history and forming a new, communist educational ideal, were an indispensable condition in the planned ideological attack. In this way a situation arose, in which the changes in education were being introduced by teachers connected with PSL, who did not agree with the former Ministry of Education's conception of reform. They did not accept the education ideal postulated by PPR, either. On the contrary, the main educational aims, which the Ministry of Education headed by the PLS pursued, were: “the principles of democracy understood as respect for human rights for freedom, for full development, for participation in material and cultural achievements according to one's work and abilities, as aspiration for dividing hardships and burdens that an individual has to bear for the common good”. These aims proved that the PSL wanted to build a fully democratic state, which was contrary to the principle of “the dictatorship of the proletariat” proclaimed by the PPR. However, in the situation that obtained at that time the Communists had to tolerate the views presented by the Ministry of Education. Until the forged elections of 1947 the Ministry tried to resist the PPR's influences and aimed at democratic changes in Poland, which was reflected, among others, in the curricula that were then issued. Having seized all the power in 1947 the Communists started putting into effect the ideals of education based on Marxist-Leninist ideology, alien to Polish people. Deserted in its struggle for democracy the PSL, supported practically by the Church alone, subjected to repressions and exposed to actions aiming at its dissent, was not able to defend the democratic and national education. The education ideas proclaimed by the PSL after the war were returned to practically only after the rise of the “Solidarity” trade union in 1980, and started being put into effecty after the breakthrough of 1989, when Poland regained full independence.
    Źródło:
    Roczniki Humanistyczne; 2004, 52, 2; 57-70
    0035-7707
    Pojawia się w:
    Roczniki Humanistyczne
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
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