Temat: chromosome variation - Katalog OPAC zbiorów

Skocz do pozycji: 1.

Tytuł:: Effect of EMS on induced morphological mutants and chromosomal variation in cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp)
Autorzy:: Gnanamurthy, S.
Dhanavel, D.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/11505.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2014
Wydawca:: Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
Tematy:: ethyl methanesulphonate
morphological mutant
mutant
chromosome variation
cowpea
Vigna unguiculata
Opis:: Effect of EMS (ethyl methane sulphonate) on induced morphological mutants and chromosomal variation in cowpea was studied using five different doses of mutagen along with a control in randomized blocked design with three replications. The morphological mutants there are two types of viable and chlorophyll mutants. Viable mutant contains tall, dwarf, early maturity, late maturity, leaf mutants pod mutant and flower mutants. The frequency of chlorophyll mutant contains albino, xantha and viridis. This concentration can damage or modify important components of plant cells and have been reported to affect the morphology, anatomy, biochemistry and physiology of plants differentially depending on the concentration level. These effects include changes in the cellular structure and metabolism of the plants e.g., dilation of thylakoid membranes, alteration in photosynthesis, modulation of the antioxidative system and accumulation of phenolic compounds. The morphological and chromosomal variation was found to be mutagen sensitive in somatic cells of cowpea. It was found to increase with increasing the concentration of EMS in Cowpea plants. The chemical mutagen like ethyl methane sulphonate induces high frequency of chromosomal changes like anaphasic bridge; anaphasic laggard, anaphasic bridge and clumbing of chromosome were including control plants also observed.
Źródło:: International Letters of Natural Sciences; 2014, 17
2300-9675
Pojawia się w:: International Letters of Natural Sciences
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 2.

Tytuł:: Somaclonal selection of physiological mutants and several problems related to rice cell breeding
Autorzy:: Kinoshita, T
Mori, K.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2044460.pdf
Data publikacji:: 1998
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:: chromosome variation
japonica rice
Oryza
African rice
physiological mutant
gamma-radiation
anther culture
hybrid plant
protoplast isolation
callus induction
callus formation
aneuploidy
indica rice
herbicide tolerance
hybrid
Kitaake cultivar
gametoclonal variation
somatic hybrid
rice
Opis:: Tolerance to a new herbicide, pyributycarb, was evaluated both at the plant and cellular levels. Several highly or moderately tolerant strains chosen at the plant level, showed a parallel relation of to tolerance at the cellular level. However, on the whole, correlation between total tolerance indices and survival rates of calli was not significant in 18 out of the 80 studied strains. As a result of somaclonal selection for two herbicides, lines NB-200 and NM-100 were regenerated from the tolerant calli screened with benthiocarb at 200 ppm, and molinate at 100 ppm, respectively. In the R₂ generation, both the lines displaned a stable tolerance both at the plant and cellular levels. Thus the highly tolerant mutant lines were developed from a moderately tolerant line, N-61, via in vitro selection. To achieve a short-cut method in the interspecific genetic exchange, a series of techniques related to cell fusion were established in rice and related species. Two kinds of somatic hybrids between the cultivar Kitaake and tetraploid Oryza species, O. punctata and O. officinalis, were successfully produced. Among the somatic hybrid plants, a wide range of chromosomal variation was observed. Aneuploid plants with a chromosome number around 2n = 72 (hexaploid), which are expected from a symmetric fusion between diploid and tetraploid strains, were obtained showing mixoploidy within a plant. Most of the somatic hybrids were characterized by intermediate features of plant-type showing high sterility, shattering of spikelets and reduced plant height. As an exception, a diploid plant, which was identified by RFLP analysis using the rDNA gene probe, closely resembled Kitaake and produced viable seeds. A tetraploid hybrid plant was also promising for the introduction of economically important characters through the reduction of chromosome numbers by doubled haploids. Gametoclonal variation and gamma radiation was applied to Kitaake. The mutation frequency was prominently increased by gamma ray treatment, especially at high doses of 200 Gy or 300 Gy. In the M₃R₂ or M₄R₃ generations, most of the variants showed unfavourable characters. Most of the mutant characters were governed by single or double recessive genes. Several mutants such as short culm and early flowering time might be used for rice breeding.
Źródło:: Journal of Applied Genetics; 1998, 39, 1; 9-35
1234-1983
Pojawia się w:: Journal of Applied Genetics
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 3.

Tytuł:: Amphidiploid hybrids of Trifolium pratense L. [2n=14 and 2] with T.diffusum Ehrh. [2n=16]
Autorzy:: Strzyzewska, C
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2048137.pdf
Data publikacji:: 1995
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:: chromosome
Trifolium diffusum
Trifolium pratense
hybrid
interspecific hybrid
plant breeding
genetic variation
Opis:: After duplicating the chromosome number by colchicine in sterile F₁ 16-chromosome hybrid T. pratense × T. diffusum some partially fertile plants with 32 chromosomes were found. Male fertility (viability of pollen grain) was from 69.3% to 86.2% (on average 81.8%), whereas female fertility estimated as seed setting after cross- and self-pollination was 21.8% and 6.9%, respectively. Male and female fertility as well as somatic chromosome number were examined in the F₂-F₄ generations. Selection for female fertility resulted in increasing seed setting in the first two generations (F₂ and F₃) and in decreasing it in F₄ generation. An average seed setting in the F₂-F₄ generations after cross-pollination amounted to 22.2%, 43.6% and 12.9%, respectively; after self-pollination it was 25.2%, 27.6% and 1.9%. In the F₂ generation all the plants had 2n=32 chromosomes. In the next generations there appeared aneuploids, among which 30-chromosome individuals were predominant.
Źródło:: Journal of Applied Genetics; 1995, 36, 2; 147-154
1234-1983
Pojawia się w:: Journal of Applied Genetics
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Skocz do pozycji: 4.

Tytuł:: Electrophoretic seed albumin patterns in the Vicia sativa L. aggregate
Autorzy:: Przybylska, J
Zimniak-Przybylska, Z.
Krajewski, P.
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2043428.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2000
Wydawca:: Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:: polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis
genetic resource
chromosome number
Vicia sativa
variation
DNA polymorphism
vetch
seed albumin
electrophoresis
karyotype
isoenzyme variation
taxonomy
Źródło:: Journal of Applied Genetics; 2000, 41, 3; 139-149
1234-1983
Pojawia się w:: Journal of Applied Genetics
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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