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Tytuł:
Fuzzy models of the biological-chemical processes in the west-water treatment plant
Autorzy:
Szabat, K.
Kowalski, C. J
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/97453.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Politechnika Poznańska. Wydawnictwo Politechniki Poznańskiej
Tematy:
treatment plant
electrical blower
biological-chemical process
fuzzy model
Opis:
In the work issues related to control of the electrical blowers installed in the waste water treatment plant (WWTP) are demonstrated. After a short introduction a description of a real treatment plant is presented. Then the main sewage drives are described. Next the commonly used control strategies for the biological-chemical process are presented. The model ASM1 of the biological chemical transformation used in the advanced MPC (model predictive control) strategy is introduced. Then the fuzzy system based on the TSK model is presented. The ability of the TSK fuzzy system to estimate the biological-chemical variables are demonstrated.
Źródło:
Computer Applications in Electrical Engineering; 2010, 8; 230-241
1508-4248
Pojawia się w:
Computer Applications in Electrical Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Comparison of two methods of soil organic carbon determination
Porównanie dwóch metod oznaczania węgla organicznego w glebach
Autorzy:
Barancikova, G.
Makovnikova, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/905584.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej
Tematy:
comparison
determination method
soil parameter
organic carbon
determination
biological process
chemical process
physical process
soil process
Opis:
Soil organic carbon (SOC) is one of the basic soil parameters which takes part in many biological, chemical and physical soil processes and the SOC is currently considered as a key indicator of soil quality. For this reason determination of the SOC is a part of soil complex monitoring which has been performed in Slovakia since 1993. From 1993 until 2007 the “wet” method of determination of the SOC was used. Since 2008 the “dry” method for determination of the SOC has been applied. The goal of this work has been to evaluate and compare two methods of the SOC determination; the “wet”(Ťiurin method in modification of Nikitin (TN)) and the “dry” determination of the SOC by means of the CN analyser (EA), which was performed on 95 soil samples of topsoil coming from 17 sampling sites with a wide range of the SOC (1–15%). Sampling sites include arable lands and grasslands and represent main soil types and subtypes of Slovakia. On the basis of statistical processing it has been found that in soils with the SOC content up to 3%, differences between two methods are minimal. However, in the case of a higher content of the SOC, the EA method reaches a higher value than the TN method. Obtained data shows that in the case of soil samples with a higher content of the SOC, when changing an analytical method, the PTF function that reduces differences and allows to use all time series monitoring data should be used for the purpose of the tracking trends of the SOC monitoring.
Celem pracy było porównanie wyników oznaczania węgla organicznego (SOC) w próbkach gleb dwoma metodami: spalania „na mokro“ (Tiurina) oraz spalania „na sucho“ w autoanalizatorzee CN. Analizowano 95 próbek gleb z 17 miejsc kompleksowego monitoringu gleb Słowacji, o zwawartości węgla organicznego od 1 do 15%. Analiza statystyczna wykazała, że różnice wyników oznaczania SOC dwoma metodami w próbkach o zawarości węgla do 3% nie były istotne statystycznie. Dla próbek o wyższej zawartości SOC, wyniki uzyskane metodą spalania „na sucho“ były istotnie wyższe niż uzyskane metodą Tiurina, dlatego do celów porównawczych zawartości SOC w tych glebach oznaczonych różnymi metodami należy stosować odpowiednie przeliczniki.
Źródło:
Polish Journal of Soil Science; 2015, 48, 1
0079-2985
Pojawia się w:
Polish Journal of Soil Science
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Approaches to industrial risk assessment coupled with catastrophic natural phenomena
Autorzy:
Milazzo, M. F.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2069146.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Morski w Gdyni. Polskie Towarzystwo Bezpieczeństwa i Niezawodności
Tematy:
Na-Tech risk
quantitative risk assessment
industrial facilities
natural hazards
chemical process
industrial process
Opis:
The aim of this contribution is to focus attention on a new emerging risk known in the literature as Na-Tech risk (Natural-Technological risk). Na-Tech are technological accidents triggered by natural events, these are of particular interest for high risk industries. The magnitude of such an event is much broader than that related to a technological accident and its management is much more complex. Adequate preparedness, proper emergency planning and effective response are crucial for the prevention and mitigation of the consequences of Na-Techs This contribution gives a general overview of the methodologies, that are currently being developed, in order to integrate these types of scenarios into the conventional quantitative risk analysis for chemical and process industry.
Źródło:
Journal of Polish Safety and Reliability Association; 2013, 4, 2; 229--240
2084-5316
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Polish Safety and Reliability Association
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Vlijanie tekhnologicheskikh parametrov na prochnost' razlichnykh vidov vjazhushhikh pri ul'trazvukovojj obrabotke vodotverdykh suspenzijj
Influence of technological parameters on durability of different types of astringent at ultrasonic treatment water-hard suspensions
Autorzy:
Luk'janchenko, M.
Dzheljal, A.
Strubalin, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/76812.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Komisja Motoryzacji i Energetyki Rolnictwa
Tematy:
theoretical research
durability
different type
ultrasonic cavitation
water-hard suspension
chemical process
mechanical process
physical process
gypsum astringent
Opis:
Theoretical researches and experimental information are considered about influence of ultrasonic kavitacii on activating of vodotverdoy suspension. Shown, that kavitaciya in the water-hard systems is a difficult mechanical and physical and chemical process, one of which is dispergating of particles of gipseous astringent. Set on the basis of relaxation theory of intercommunication between basic self-reactance descriptions of source of ultrasound and by reologicheskimi properties of composition suspension on the basis of gypsum
Źródło:
Motrol. Motoryzacja i Energetyka Rolnictwa; 2013, 15, 5
1730-8658
Pojawia się w:
Motrol. Motoryzacja i Energetyka Rolnictwa
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Fertilizer recommendations-environmental aspects
Autorzy:
Nemeth, T
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/797283.pdf
Data publikacji:
1993
Wydawca:
Szkoła Główna Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie. Wydawnictwo Szkoły Głównej Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie
Tematy:
nitrogen
fertilization
fertilizer
potassium
environmental aspect
long-term effect
soil chemical process
phosphorus
soil physical process
water balance
Opis:
The author presents the main frame of a recommendation system worked out in RISSAC in the last years. The basis of this system is a description of the main processes in the soils, i.e., water balances, soil physical and chemical processes. The author also presents some data about the environmental effects of intensive land use.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Problemowe Postępów Nauk Rolniczych; 1993, 400
0084-5477
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Problemowe Postępów Nauk Rolniczych
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Effects of grass cover and tillage on temperature of soil in sloping vineyard
Autorzy:
Ferrero, A.
Sudiro, L.
Nosalewicz, A.
Lipiec, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/24929.pdf
Data publikacji:
2004
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Agrofizyki PAN
Tematy:
traditional tillage
tillage
chemical process
environmental regulator
physical process
temperature
plant root
soil
vineyard
nutrient availability
sloping vineyard
soil temperature
grass cover
temperature variation
Źródło:
International Agrophysics; 2004, 18, 2
0236-8722
Pojawia się w:
International Agrophysics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Effect of the Chemical Unhairing Process on Pulled Wool Characteristics
Autorzy:
Abdellaoui, Olfa
Harizi, Taoufik
Msahli, Slah
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2171990.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Biopolimerów i Włókien Chemicznych
Tematy:
ATR-FTIR
red face Barbary sheep
sheep breed
chemical unhairing process
pulled wool
SEM
scanning electron microscopy
X-ray
Opis:
Textile research is being driven to find sustainable materials as an alternative to raw fibers. In fact, reusing fibrous waste, as a byproduct, is one of the most important environmental challenges that confront the world. This research focused on studying pulled wool fibers as a natural fiber to reduce environmental loading. There are large amounts of residual pulled wool fibers that can be recycled and valorised. Therefore, raw and pulled wool fibers were characterized and compared. Scanning Electron Micrographs (SEM) results show that on the pulled wool fiber, the surface became rougher and the scales appear affected and less dense. Based on the X-ray diffraction (XRD) results, the crystallinity of the pulled fiber decreased lightly. Attenuated Total Reflectance-Fourier Transform Infra Red (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy analyzes presented some changes in chemical composition. A High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) test showed an increase in the amount of cystic acids. The pulled wool fiber indicates that it might have damaged some crosslinks of macromolecular chains in the fiber. Thus, physical, chemical and mechanical properties are affected during the chemical unhairing process. This research purpose was to increase the potential for better value of pulled wool as it presents the natural fiber most used in several applications.
Źródło:
Fibres & Textiles in Eastern Europe; 2022, 3 (151); 70--78
1230-3666
2300-7354
Pojawia się w:
Fibres & Textiles in Eastern Europe
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Effects Of Process Parameters On Cu Powder Synthesis Yield And Particle Size In A Wet-Chemical Process
Wpływ parametrów procesu na wydajność syntezy proszku Cu i wielkości cząstek w procesie mokrym chemicznym
Autorzy:
Shin, Y. M.
Lee, J. H.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/354168.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
wet-chemical process
micron-size Cu powder
Synthesis yield
particle size
gibbs free energy difference
proszek Cu
proces chemiczny mokry
wydajność syntezy
rozmiar cząsteczki
różnica energii swobodnej Gibbsa
Opis:
This study presents a simple wet-chemical process to prepare several micron-size Cu powders. Moreover, changes in powder synthesis yield and particle size are examined with different solvents, synthesis temperatures, and amounts of reducing agent during the synthesis. As a reducing agent and capping agent, L-ascorbic acid and polyvinyl pyrrolidone were used, respectively. The yields in distilled water or an ethylene glycol (EG)/distilled water mixture were higher than that in EG alone, and the yield increased with increasing temperature owing to a lower Δ Gred value. Increasing the L-ascorbic acid concentration also increased the yield. The Cu powder synthesized in 3 h at 90°C in distilled water with 272.8 mM of L-ascorbic acid showed the lowest average particle size of 2.52 μm, indicating mechanisms of short burst nucleation and reduced growth via the increased reduction rate of Cu ions. It is estimated that the nucleation step was nearly completed within 10 min in this system. The Cu powders synthesized in an ethylene glycol/distilled water mixture presented an average particle size of 3.76 μm and the highest yield of 87.9%.
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2015, 60, 2B; 1247-1250
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Scenariusze narażenia : system deskryptorów do opisu zastosowania
Exposure scenarios : a descriptor system for describing applications
Autorzy:
Bańkowska, A.
Palczewska-Tulińska, M.
Krześlak, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1221247.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Stowarzyszenie Inżynierów i Techników Przemysłu Chemicznego. Zakład Wydawniczy CHEMPRESS-SITPChem
Tematy:
ocena bezpieczeństwa chemicznego
scenariusze narażenia
REACH
CLP
process of chemical safety assessment
exposure scenarios
Opis:
Scenariusze narażenia są częścią procesu dokonywania oceny bezpieczeństwa chemicznego. Proces dokonywania oceny bezpieczeństwa chemicznego może być przeprowadzany wielokrotnie. Scenariusz narażenia stanowi zespół warunków opisujących sposób produkcji lub stosowania substancji podczas etapów jej istnienia oraz sposób kontroli narażenia ludzi i środowiska, który producent lub importer stosuje lub zaleca dalszym użytkownikom.
Exposure scenarios are part of the process of chemical safety assessment. The process of chemical safety assessment can be carried out repeatedly. An exposure scenario is a set of conditions that describe how the production or use of the substance during its whole lifecycle, and how to control exposure of humans and environment, which the manufacturer or importer uses or recommends downstream users.
Źródło:
Chemik; 2010, 64, 3; 175-189
0009-2886
Pojawia się w:
Chemik
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wybrane aspekty procesów inżynierii chemicznej od wydobycia rud uranowych do wzbogacania uranu
Selected aspects of chemical engineering processes from the mining of uranium to the uranium enrichment
Autorzy:
Szołucha, M., M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/214335.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Tematy:
inżynieria chemiczna i procesowa
energetyka jądrowa
uran
proces wzbogacania uranu
wydobycie uranu
chemical and process engineering
nuclear energy
uranium
uranium enrichment process
mining of uranium
Opis:
W artykule przedstawiono wybrane aspekty procesów inżynierii chemicznej znajdujących się na początku cyklu paliwowego, rozpoczynając od wydobycia uranu a kończąc na procesach wzbogacania uranu.
This paper presents selected aspects of chemical engineering processes applied in early stages of a fuel cycle, begins with the mining of uranium and ends with the uranium enrichment processes.
Źródło:
Postępy Techniki Jądrowej; 2017, 2; 22-36
0551-6846
Pojawia się w:
Postępy Techniki Jądrowej
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Microhardness as a method for investigation of fossil resins
Autorzy:
Czapla, D.
Natkaniec-Nowak, L.
Drzewicz, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/184495.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Akademia Górniczo-Hutnicza im. Stanisława Staszica w Krakowie. Wydawnictwo AGH
Tematy:
polymerize
chemical structure
process
Opis:
Natural fossil resins are products of deciduous and coniferous trees formed at least 40 million years ago. The fact that fossil resins survived until the present day is due to appropriate processes and conditions. One of them is the ability to polymerize. There are types of chemical structures derived from the original plant secretions which formed polymerized or macromolecular connection resistant to various environmental factors (Penney 2010). The polymerization process gives property of better susceptibility to mechanical machining, and thus jeweler’s usefulness (Matuszewska 2015). Fossil resins are being found along the southern coast of the Baltic Sea (from Jutland Peninsula to the Sambia) and ranges stretching trough Germany, Poland, Lithuania, Latvia, Belarus and Ukraine (Czechowski et al. 1996, Heflik & Natkaniec-Nowak 2011). They are also occurring in other locations, for example in Mexico, Domini - can Republic, Colombia and SE Asia (e.g. Myanmar, Indonesia). The most commonly used diagnostic methods for fossil resins are spectroscopic methods (FT-IR, RS) (Kosmowska-Ceranowicz 1999a). They allow identification of different varieties of resins and get to know their internal structure (Czechowski et al. 1996, Kosmowska-Ceranowicz 1999b, Matuszewska 2010, 2015). Quantification possibilities have also other methods, such as X-ray fluorescence, diffractometry, and most of allchemical methods. In recent years, t method for determining the absolute hardness (microhardness) (Matuszewska & Gołąb 2008) was added to these analytical techniques. This parameter clearly shows the relationship between physico-chemical features with different aspects of their genesis. It can be helpful in determining the age of resins (Matuszewska et al. 2002). Hardness as the primary diagnostic feature of many minerals is evaluated relatively to model of 10 minerals in Mohs scale. Reported in the literature (Savkievich 1967, Popkova 1984, Matuszewska 2009), hardnesses of fossil resins are from 1 to 3, which correspond to hardness of talc (1), gypsum (2) and calcite (3). It therefore varies; for succinite (which is treated as a model for fossil resins) range is from 1.5 to 3, while Colombian copal from 1 to 1.5. It depends mainly on the degree of macromolecular structure condensation of these materials. The subjects of the study were samples of fossil resins selected from Mexico (Chiapas), Dominican Republic (Barahona) and Colombia (Velez). In addition, for comparison purposes Baltic succinite were measured. The measurements were done in Gemological Laboratory at WGGiOŚ AGH using a microhardness tester PMT-3 from Russian manufacturer. For the determination of this parameter Vickers method was used, according to which the microhardness determines the ratio of the pressure force of diamond pyramid with load to the lateral surface of the depth print. For measurement, 250 mg load. The test was conducted on the smooth surface of each of 6 samples repeating the measurement 20 times. The obtained results allow concluding clearly that the individual fossil resin samples are significantly different from each other. These differences result from different places of origin and age, thus the conditions of the geological, natural environment, climate, etc. Average value of the microhardness for fossil resins from Mexico and Colombia is the lowest – respectively 18.54 kG/mm 2 and 19.87 kG/mm 2 . In turn, the value of this parameter for the samples from Dominican Republic is significantly higher (yellow resin – 26.59 kG/mm 2 ; orange resin – 27.76 kG/mm 2 ; dark red resin – 26.57 kG/mm 2 ). Succinite achieves the highest values of microhardness in comparison with other resins. This is due to the difference in their ages – Eocene Baltic amber, is the oldest studied resin, therefore condensation processes in the structure are more advanced. Slightly lower values achieve Miocene – Oligocene resins from Dominican Republic. Lower Miocene – upper Oligocene and Pleistocene – Pliocene samples from Mexico and Colombia, have the lowest microhardness. The differences in microhardness of various resins may be explained by the fact that their fossilization underwent in different environmental conditions. The environmental conditions were different in various geographical locations. The degree of condensation and polymerization of the resins and their hardness increased with time. Therefore, in case of the oldest investigated resin, succinite-Baltic amber, the measured microhardeness was the highest.
Źródło:
Geology, Geophysics and Environment; 2016, 42, 1; 63-64
2299-8004
2353-0790
Pojawia się w:
Geology, Geophysics and Environment
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Design Of the Tension Mechanism Of a Knotter And Optimization Of the Motion Parameters
Autorzy:
Lan, Jiahao
Feng, Pei
Zhang, Junping
Zhang, Ronggen
Yang, Chongchang
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2200745.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Biopolimerów i Włókien Chemicznych
Tematy:
chemical fiber
filament knotting process
knotter
catenary
knotting rate
Opis:
Currently, the knotting of chemical fiber filament packages in factories primarily comprises manual operations. It also has a high labor intensity and is subject to artificial subjective factors, due to which it is difficult to guarantee the quality of the finished fiber products. Furthermore, it also significantly restricts the intelligent construction of chemical fiber production. This work employs partially oriented yarn (POY) and full draw yarn (FDY) to develop an automatic knotting device. The catenary theory was used to confirm the state of the yarn and to determine the relevant parameters of the tension mechanism. The results showed that the developed automatic knotting device satisfactorily meets the conditions required for manual knotting. The curve equation that was calculated using the catenary conformations of the yarn state verified that the actual yarn state was consistent with the theory. Moreover, the work provides a theoretical foundation for subsequent mechanism optimizations.
Źródło:
Fibres & Textiles in Eastern Europe; 2022, 6 (151); 12--18
1230-3666
2300-7354
Pojawia się w:
Fibres & Textiles in Eastern Europe
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Metoda wpływu na jednorodność składu chemicznego spieku cynkowo-ołowiowego w układzie rzeczywistym
The method of influencing the homogeneity of the chemical composition of the zinc-lead sinter in the real system
Autorzy:
Szudy, Robert
Sołtysik, Marek
Gajdzik, Bożena
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/27323746.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
STE GROUP
Tematy:
skład chemiczny
spiek
proces ISP
modyfikacja procesu
chemical composition
sinter
ISP process
process modification
Opis:
Celem prowadzonych badań było określenie zależności występujących pomiędzy pracą zbiornika namiarowni wydziału spiekalni, a jednorodnością składu chemicznego produkowanego spieku. Rozpatrywany fragment linii technologicznej jest częścią procesu Imperial Smelting Process, z wykorzystaniem którego produkowany jest w głównej mierze cynk i ołów. Skład chemiczny spieku jest istotny w kolejnym etapie produkcyjnym jakim jest proces redukcji w piecu szybowym. Zdefiniowany problem technologiczny polegał na nierównomiernym dozowaniu materiału na taśmę zbiorczą. Nierównomierność w dozowaniu materiałów nie jest kompensowana w kolejnych etapach przygotowywania mieszanki przed procesem spiekania to jest aglomeracji w mieszalnikach bębnowych. Przekłada się to na niestabilne analizy chemiczne półproduktu jakim jest spiek. Głównym założeniem wprowadzonej modyfikacji było zastosowanie jak najprostszych rozwiązań pozwalających uniknąć kosztownych urządzeń i skomplikowanych systemów sterowania. Po modyfikacji sposobu dozowania materiału określono zmianę w jednorodności otrzymywanych analiz chemicznych. W realizacji badań skupiono się na pierwiastkach takich jak wapń, magnez i krzem. Badania zostały wykonane w ramach realizowanego doktoratu wdrożeniowego w Hucie Cynku „Miasteczko Śląskie”.
The purpose of the conducted research was to determine the relationship occurring between the operation of the sintering department's holding tank and the homogeneity of the chemical composition of the produced sinter. The considered part of the process line is part of the Imperial Smelting Process, using which zinc and lead are mainly produced. The chemical composition of the sinter is important in the next production stage, which is the reduction process in the shaft furnace. The defined technological problem was the uneven dispensing of material onto the collecting belt. The unevenness in material dosing is not compensated for in the subsequent stages of mixture preparation before the sintering process, that is, agglomeration in drum mixers. This translates into unstable chemical analyses of the intermediate product, which is sinter. The main objective of the modification introduced was to use the simplest possible solutions to avoid costly equipment and complex control systems. After modification of the material dosage method, a change in the homogeneity of the obtained chemical analyses was determined. The implementation of the study focused on elements such as calcium, magnesium and silicon. The research was carried out as part of an ongoing implementation doctorate at the Zinc Smelter "Miasteczko Ślaskie".
Źródło:
Systemy Wspomagania w Inżynierii Produkcji; 2023, 12, 2; 43--49
2391-9361
Pojawia się w:
Systemy Wspomagania w Inżynierii Produkcji
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Study of catalytic processes for biodiesel production wastewater treatment
Autorzy:
Borralho, Teresa
Coelho, Solange
Estrelo, Andreia
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/205024.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
cobalt
chemical oxygen demand
Fenton process
biodiesel production wastewater
catalytic advanced oxidation process
potassium monopersulphate
Opis:
The study of the possibility of removing organic compounds from wastewater originating from the biodiesel purification stage by two catalytic processes, HSO5-/transition metal and Fenton method has been presented. The source of the ion HSO5-is potassium monopersulphate (2KHSO5∙KHSO4∙K5SO4) (Oxone) that may be decomposed into radicals (OH., SO4-., SO5-.) by means of transition metal as Co(II). Different concentrations were used for both compounds and the combination ([Co2+] = 1.00μM/[HSO5-] = 5.00·10-2 M) achieved the highest COD removal (60%) and complete decomposition of the oxidant was verified for contact times of 45 min. This process has some advantages comparing to the conventional Fenton method such as the absence of the costly pH adjustment and the Fe(III) hydroxide sludge which characterize this treatment process. The Fenton process showed that the combination of [H2O2] = 2.00M/[Fe2+] = 0.70 M was the best and archived COD removal of 80%. The treatments studied in this research have achieved high COD removal, but the wastewater from the biodiesel purification stage presents very high parametric values of Chemical Oxygen Demand (667,000 mgO2/L), so the final COD concentration reached is still above the emission limit of discharge in surface water, according the Portuguese Law (Decree-Law 236/98). However, both treatments have proved to be feasible techniques for the pre-oxidation of the wastewater under study and can be considered as a suitable pre-treatment for this type of wastewaters. A rough economic analysis of both processes was, also, made.
Źródło:
Archives of Environmental Protection; 2019, 45, 2; 66-72
2083-4772
2083-4810
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Environmental Protection
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Influence of Sterilization and Exposure to the Ringers Solution on Mechanical and Physicochemical Properties of Nitrocarburized 316 LVM Steel
Autorzy:
Kajzer, A.
Rabij, K.
Basiaga, M.
Nowińska, K.
Kaczmarek, M.
Borowski, T.
Wierzchoń, T.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/356523.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
AISI 316LVM steel
nitrocarburizing process
mechanical properties
physico-chemical properties
Opis:
Studies on biocompatibility of AISI 316LVM steel indicate the need to eliminate the nickel from the surface and replace it with other elements of improved biocompatibility. Therefore, in the presented work selected physicochemical and mechanical properties of the diffusive nitrocarburized layer formed by plasma potential by means of an active screen made of the Fe-Cr-Ni were studied. In the paper we present results of microstructure and phase composition of the layers, roughness, and surface wettability, potentiodynamic pitting corrosion resistance, penetration of ions into the solution as well as mechanical properties. The studies were conducted for the samples of both mechanically polished and nitrocarburized surfaces, after sterilization, and exposure to the Ringer’s solution. Deposition of the nitrocarburized layer increased the contact angle, surface roughness, surface hardness, and corrosion resistance with respect to the polished surfaces. The nitrocarburized layer is a barrier against the ions release into the solution and sterilization and exposure to Ringer solution. The obtained results showed beneficial increase of both mechanical and electrochemical properties of the deposited layer, and thus the applicability of the proposed method of surface treatment of the 316 LVM steel for short-term implants after sterylization.
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2018, 63, 3; 1257-1266
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 53

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