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    Wyświetlanie 1-14 z 14
    Tytuł:
    Charakteryzacja termograficznego kanału skrytej komunikacji
    Characterization of Thermographic Covert Channel
    Autorzy:
    Sawicki, Krzysztof
    Bieszczad, Grzegorz
    Sosnowski, Tomasz
    Mścichowski, Mariusz
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/27312469.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2023
    Wydawca:
    Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Przemysłowy Instytut Automatyki i Pomiarów
    Tematy:
    termowizja
    steganografia
    pojemność informacyjna
    termography
    steganography
    channel capacity
    Opis:
    W artykule przedstawiono metodę wyznaczania charakterystyki pojemności informacyjnej termograficznego kanału komunikacji skrytej zbudowanego z promiennika ciepła (technicznego ciała czarnego) oraz kamery termowizyjnej. Wyznaczone charakterystyki stanowią dodatkowy parametr opisujący te urządzenia w kontekście ich nieoczywistego zastosowania do transmisji danych.
    The paper presents a method for determining the characteristics of the information capacity of a thermographic covert communication channel made of a heat radiator (technical black body) and a thermal camera. The determined characteristics are an additional parameter describing these devices in the context of their non-obvious use for data transmission.
    Źródło:
    Pomiary Automatyka Robotyka; 2023, 27, 4; 27--32
    1427-9126
    Pojawia się w:
    Pomiary Automatyka Robotyka
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Cost Reduction and Channel Capacity Enhancement of MIMO System Using Antenna Selection Techniques
    Autorzy:
    Kaur, Dalveer
    Kumar, Neeraj
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/226016.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    channel capacity
    MIMO
    RF module
    antenna
    selection techniques
    Opis:
    MIMO technology has become very popular in a wireless communication system because of the many advantages of multiple antennas at the transmitting end and receiving end. The main advantages of MIMO systems are higher data rate and higher reliability without the need of extra power and bandwidth. The MIMO system provides higher data rate by using spatial multiplexing technique and higher reliability by using diversity technique. The MIMO systems have not only advantages, but also have disadvantages. The main disadvantage of MIMO system is that the multiple antennas required extra high cost RF modules. The extra RF modules increase the cost of wireless communication systems. In this research, the antenna selection techniques are proposed to minimize the cost of MIMO systems. Furthermore, this research also presents techniques for antenna selection to enhance the capacity of channel in MIMO systems.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications; 2019, 65, 2; 189-194
    2300-1933
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Enhance the Capacity of MIMO Wireless Communication Channel using SVD and Optimal Power Allocation Algorithm
    Autorzy:
    Kumar, Neeraj
    Kaur, Dalveer
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/226875.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    MIMO
    water filling algorithm
    singular value decomposition
    channel state information
    channel capacity
    Opis:
    Multiple input multiple output (MIMO) is a multiple antenna technology used extensively in wireless communication systems. With the ever increasing demand in high data rates, MIMO system is the necessity of wireless communication. In MIMO wireless communication system, where the multiple antennas are placed on base station and mobile station, the major problem is the constant power of base station, which has to be allocated to data streams optimally. This problem is referred as a power allocation problem. In this research, singular value decomposition (SVD) is used to decouple the MIMO system in the presence of channel state information (CSI) at the base station and forms parallel channels between base station and mobile station. This practice parallel channel ensures the simultaneous transmission of parallel data streams between base station and mobile station. Along with this, water filling algorithm is used in this research to allocate power to each data stream optimally. Further the relationship between the channel capacity of MIMO wireless system and the number of antennas at the base station and the mobile station is derived mathematically. The performance comparison of channel capacity for MIMO systems, both in the presence and absence of CSI is done. Finally, the effect of channel correlation because of antennas at the base stations and the mobile stations in the MIMO systems is also measured.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications; 2019, 65, 1; 71-78
    2300-1933
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Impact of Climatic Conditions to Capacity of Airborne Ultrasonic Channel
    Autorzy:
    Mazurek, Gustaw
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/226024.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    air-coupled ultrasound
    digital communication
    channel estimation
    channel capacity
    acoustic data transmission
    Opis:
    In this paper, we estimate the upper limit of the transmission data rate in airborne ultrasonic communications, under condition of the optimal power allocation. The presented method is based on frequency response of a channel in case of single-path LOS propagation under different climatic conditions and AWGN background noise model, and it can be easily extended to the case of frequency-dependent noise. The obtained results go beyond the discrete distances for which experimental SNR values were available, and are more accurate than the previous calculations in the literature, due to the inclusion of the channel frequency response and its changes over the distance. The impact of air temperature, relative humidity and the atmospheric pressure on the channel capacity is also investigated. The presented results can serve as a reference during the design of airborne ultrasonic communication systems operating in the far-field region.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications; 2019, 65, 3; 455-461
    2300-1933
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Ergodic Channel Capacity of PPM-Coded Optical MIMO Communications Under Combined Effects
    Autorzy:
    Cao, Minghua
    Zhang, Yue
    Kang, Zhongjiang
    Wang, Huiqin
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1844525.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    atmospheric channel
    ergodic channel capacity
    pulse position modulation
    spatial correlation
    optical wireless communication
    Opis:
    The ergodic channel capacity of wireless optical multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system with pulse position modulation (PPM) is investigated. The combined effects of atmospheric turbulence, atmospheric attenuation, pointing error and channel spatial correlation are taken into consideration. The expression of ergodic channel capacity is derived, and is further performed by Wilkinson approximation method for simplicity. The simulation results indicated that the strong spatial correlation has the greatest influence on the ergodic channel capacity, followed by pointing errors and atmospheric turbulence. Moreover, the ergodic channel capacity growth brought by space diversity only performs well under independent and weakly correlated channels. Properly increasing the size and spacing of the receiving apertures is an effective means of effectively increasing the ergodic channel capacity.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications; 2021, 67, 3; 431-436
    2300-1933
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Throughput Performance Comparison of MPT-GRE and MPTCP in the Fast Ethernet IPv4/IPv6 Environment
    Autorzy:
    Szilágyi, S.
    Fejes, F.
    Katona, R.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/307712.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Łączności - Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
    Tematy:
    channel capacity aggregation
    MPTCP
    MPT-GRE
    multipath communication
    performance analysis
    tunneling
    Opis:
    This paper presents the MPT-GRE software, a novel multipath communication technology founded on the Generic Routing Encapsulation (GRE) protocol in UDP tunneling RFC specification. It enables the creation of a GRE protocolbased UDP tunnel built on several communication channels. On the other hand, MPTCP is one of the most typical representatives among multipath communication technologies, basing its operation on the utilization of TCP subflows. The authors compare the path-aggregation capabilities of these two technologies using four Fast Ethernet channels. The tests were carried out with the iperf3 network bandwidth measurement tool, and while transferring data using the FTP protocol over both IPv4 and IPv6.
    Źródło:
    Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology; 2018, 2; 53-59
    1509-4553
    1899-8852
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Transmitter Inclination Angle Characteristics for Underwater Optical Wireless Communication in a Variety of APD Detectors
    Autorzy:
    Mazin, Ali A. Ali
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1192197.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
    Tematy:
    Communications
    Underwater Optical Communications
    Avalanche Photodiode
    Bit Error Rate
    Channel Capacity
    Opis:
    In this paper, the performance of an underwater optical wireless communications system is theoretically analyzed, using 4-PPM modulation technique and an avalanche photodiodes APD receiver over underwater environment channels. Based on the line of sight (LOS) geometrical model for optical beam propagation horizontally on an underwater medium and combined with signal to noise ratio model for Si, Ge and InGaAs APD and BER; then the impacts of the distance of transmission, power of the transmitter under Jerlov water types (I, IA, IB) are analyzed. The characteristics of bit error rate BER and channel capacity for 4-PPM optical modulation technique are studied under different APD detector and Jerlov water types. Simulation results indicate that the performance of PPM and Jerlov type (I) are more suited for an underwater optical wireless communication. On the other hand, we discuss the suitability of avalanche photodiodes under this modulation technique, where the photodiode Si APD has more advantage compared with the other detectors when used as a receiver in an underwater optical communication.
    Źródło:
    World Scientific News; 2016, 45, 2; 355-372
    2392-2192
    Pojawia się w:
    World Scientific News
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Average capacity analysis of FSO system with Airy beam as carrier over exponentiated Weibull channels
    Autorzy:
    Li, Yi
    Chu, Xingchun
    Han, Zhongxiang
    Tang, Hanling
    Song, Xinkang
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2202763.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2023
    Wydawca:
    Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
    Tematy:
    Airy beam
    free-space optical communication
    channel capacity
    exponentiated Weibull model
    Opis:
    Based on scintillation index of Airy beam and exponentiated Weibull channel model, analytical expressions of average channel capacity for free-space optical (FSO) communication links with Airy beam as signal carrier under weak atmospheric turbulence and on-off keying modulation scheme are derived. The average capacity at various propagation distances, transverse scale factors and exponential decay factors has been evaluated. And we compared the average capacity of FSO links with Airy beam and Gaussian beam as signal carrier. The results show that the average capacity of FSO links with Airy beam as carrier increases with the increase of mean signal-to-noise ratio and decreases uniformly with the increase of propagation distance. When the transverse scale factor of Airy beam is about 2 cm, a higher average capacity can be obtained. And the smaller the exponential decay factor of Airy beam, the larger the average capacity. Under the same source power or source width, the average capacity of FSO links with Airy beam as carrier is significantly higher than that of FSO links with Gaussian beam as carrier. The results of this research have some reference significance for the application of Airy beam in FSO communication system.
    Źródło:
    Optica Applicata; 2023, 53, 1; 35--48
    0078-5466
    1899-7015
    Pojawia się w:
    Optica Applicata
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The impact of LNG carrier transit on fairway capacity
    Autorzy:
    Li, M.
    Mou, J.
    XinSheng, Z.
    Gong, S.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/135263.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Akademia Morska w Szczecinie. Wydawnictwo AMSz
    Tematy:
    waterborne transportation
    liquefied natural gas (LNG) ship
    approach channel capacity
    vessel traffic control
    fairway capacity
    LNG Port
    Opis:
    Liquefied natural gas (LNG), as one of the main sources of clean energy, has witnessed great growth in marine transportation in recent years. Due to the potential catastrophic consequences in case of a vessel traffic accident, the guidelines of the design of an LNG Port and the regulation of traffic management require that a mobile safety zone be set up for the transit of an LNG carrier, that is, a moving safety area around the carrier that excludes other ship traffic. To study the impact of a safety zone on channel capacity, this paper has presented a mathematical model to calculate the impact ratio of a large LNG ship on channel capacity considering different speeds and sailing modes. As a case study, an approach channel to a new LNG port that was developed in Yueqing bay, Zhejiang province, East China, has been analyzed during the concept design of the port with the aim of receiving ships with a capacity of 145,000 m3 . Based on the model, the impact ratio on the whole channel and the segmented channel when a carrier arrives at and leaves the berth has been calculated. The methodology can support the job of port design and vessel traffic management to improve the capacity, efficiency and safety of a waterway.
    Źródło:
    Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Szczecinie; 2018, 56 (128); 63-70
    1733-8670
    2392-0378
    Pojawia się w:
    Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Szczecinie
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Wpływ warstwy MAC standardu 802.11 na osiągane parametry QoS
    Impact of the MAC Layer of the Standard 802.11 on the Achieved QoS
    Autorzy:
    Dolińska, Iwona
    Masiukiewicz, Antoni
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/439897.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013
    Wydawca:
    Akademia Finansów i Biznesu Vistula
    Tematy:
    standard IEEE 802.11
    warstwa MAC
    QoS transmisji
    przepływność kanału radiowego
    IFS
    MAC layer
    transmission quality of service (QoS)
    radio channel flow capacity
    inter-frame spacing (IFS)
    Opis:
    Podstawowym parametrem sieci WLAN jest przepustowość transmisji. Zdefiniowane w standardzie przepustowości maksymalne teoretyczne są w warunkach rzeczywistych ograniczane z jednej strony jakością kanału transmisyjnego, a z drugiej sposobem działania samego standardu. W przypadku standardu IEEE 802.11 zastosowana metoda komunikacji DCF wprowadza obowiązkowe przerwy w nadawaniu – interwały czasowe IFS, które powodują zmniejszenie przepustowości osiąganej w jednostce czasu. W artykule omówiono różne ulepszenia metody DCF, zaproponowane w wyniku prac naukowo-badawczych. Porównano je pod względem przydatności w rzeczywistych zastosowaniach.
    The basic parameter of the WLAN is transmission output. The defined in the standard of output capacity maximum theoretical values are in the real conditions limited, on the one hand, by the transmission channel quality and, on the other hand, by the way in which the very standard acts. In the case of standard IEEE 802.11, the applied method of communication DCF (distributed coordination function) introduces the obligatory pauses in broadcasting – temporal intervals IFS which cause a reduction of the output capacity achieved in a time unit. In their article, the authors discussed various improvements of the DCF method proposed in result of research works. They are compared in terms of their usefulness in the real applications.
    Źródło:
    Kwartalnik Naukowy Uczelni Vistula; 2013, 4(38); 88-102
    2084-4689
    Pojawia się w:
    Kwartalnik Naukowy Uczelni Vistula
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The influence of economic and geographic conditions on the development of container terminals at the Szczecin and Świnoujście Seaports Authority
    Autorzy:
    Posacka, K.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/135557.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Akademia Morska w Szczecinie. Wydawnictwo AMSz
    Tematy:
    channel
    container handling
    capacity
    fairway
    rail
    basin
    TEU
    Opis:
    This publication describes the factors governing the development of containerization in Szczecin and Świnoujście Seaports Authority, together with their organizational infrastructure and economy. These factors include port access to transportation facilities, which has a major influence on economic development and strengthens the position in the Polish market. Geographic location of both the port and the status and functioning of the Szczecin-Świnoujście fairway were taken into account. The amount of container handling in the ports described in the years from 2004 to 2015 was examined. The Szczecin and Świnoujście Seaports Authority is discussed in terms of size and progress of its changes, and handling capacity compared to other marine container terminals in Poland.
    Źródło:
    Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Szczecinie; 2016, 47 (119); 98-105
    1733-8670
    2392-0378
    Pojawia się w:
    Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Szczecinie
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Non-prismatic channels for reducing shear stress
    Autorzy:
    Haddad, Samir
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2073731.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2022
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Technologiczno-Przyrodniczy
    Tematy:
    detachment
    non-prismatic channel
    shear stress
    soil erosion
    transport capacity
    Opis:
    To reduce the sediment transport capacity, shear stress needs to be reduced as well. The article describes work that has been done to find a way to make these reductions possible. The theoretical study and the approach proposed allowed us to obtain a general equation that determines conditions and calculates the most important parameters which support the reduction of shear stress. This describes the mechanism that erodes soils by free surface water flow. In a similar vein, we have shown that adding a short non-prismatic channel to the entrance of a prismatic channel, which has the same geometric shape, is a very powerful way to reduce shear stress. With the idea of reducing shear stress, we have shown that the water-surface profile type plays a key role and must therefore be included in future reflections on reducing the importance of shear stress. Additionally, the notion of efficiency was introduced that allows to evaluate the expected gain after the reduction of shear stress and adding a short non-prismatic channel. The laws of similarity applied to free surface flows allowed us to obtain an equation with several equivalence scales and compare different geometric shapes in terms of their efficiency in the reduction of shear stress.
    Źródło:
    Journal of Water and Land Development; 2022, 52; 87--94
    1429-7426
    2083-4535
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of Water and Land Development
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Performance Investigation of High-Speed Train OFDM Systems under the Geometry-Based Channel Model
    Autorzy:
    Do, Viet Ha
    Trinh, Thi Huong
    Nguyen, Thanh Hai
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1844506.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    high-speed train systems
    geometry-based channel models
    OFDM systems
    SINR
    capacity
    Opis:
    The high-speed of train (HST) in combination with the high carrier frequency of HST systems leads to the severe inter carrier interference (ICI) in the HST orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (HST-OFDM) systems. To avoid the complexity in OFDM receiver design for ICI eliminations, the OFDM system parameters such as symbol duration, signal bandwidth, and the number of subcarriers should be chosen appropriately. This paper aims to propose a process of HST-OFDM system performance investigation to determine these parameters in order to enhance spectral efficiency and meet a given quality-of-service (QoS) level. The signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) has been used as a figure of merit to analyze the system performance instead of signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) as most of recent research studies. Firstly, using the non-stationary geometry-based stochastic HST channel model, the SINR of each subcarrier has been derived for different speeds of the train, signal bandwidths, and number of subcarriers. Consequently, the system capacity has been formulated as the sum of all the single channel capacity from each sub-carrier. The constraints on designing HST-OFDM system parameters have been thoughtfully analyzed using the obtained expressions of SINR and capacity. Finally, by analyzing the numerical results, the system parameters can be found for the design of HST-OFDM systems under different speeds of train. The proposed process can be used to provide hints to predict performance of HST communication systems before doing further high cost implementations as hardware designs.
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications; 2021, 67, 3; 451-457
    2300-1933
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The silting influence on the capacity of the Krzywaniec reservoir
    Wpływ zamulania zbiornika Krzywaniec na jego przepustowość
    Autorzy:
    Mokwa, M.
    Malczewska, B.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/81803.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2008
    Wydawca:
    Szkoła Główna Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie. Wydawnictwo Szkoły Głównej Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie
    Tematy:
    silting
    capacity
    Krzywaniec reservoir
    reservoir
    storage reservoir
    hydropower station
    derivation channel
    sediment transport
    Bobr River
    river valley
    computer simulation
    Opis:
    The Krzywaniec reservoir is a part of Dychów complex hydraulic engineering, and it was created as a damming up water of the Bóbr river in 42+700 km to wave elevation 73.30 NN. The river valley was divided by three span gate weir and tide gate to derivation channel to ESP Dychów. The Krzywaniec reservoir is currently silted up so that the probable water surface Q1% is going to reach reservoir site embankment which means it poses the flood risk on surrounding area. The authors present restoring the initial situation on Krzywaniec reservoir, and estimated the reduction of flood depending on method of declogging the reservoir using computer simulation performed in HEC-RAS.
    Zbiornik Krzywaniec wchodzi w skład kompleksu hydrotechnicznego Dychów. Zbiornik powstał w wyniku spiętrzenia rzeki Bóbr w 42+700 km do rzędnej 73,30 NN. Dolina rzeki przegrodzona została trzyprzęsłowym jazem zasuwowym i śluzą wlotową do kanału derywacyjnego ESP Dychów. Obecnie zbiornik jest prawie całkowicie wypełniony rumowiskiem, stwarza to duże niebezpieczeństwo wystąpienia powodzi na terenach przyległych. Przy aktualnym stanie zamulenia zbiornika Krzywaniec prawdopodobny poziom zwierciadła wody Q1% ułoży się powyżej istniejących obwałowań, co może spowodować zalanie terenów chronionych. Zagrożona jest także eksploatacja jazu i Kanału Dychowskiego. Podczas zrzutu wielkich wód może dochodzić do zamulania kanału i koryta Starego Bobru oraz odkładów rumowiska pod zasuwami. Autorzy określili redukcje fali powodziowej w zależności od sposobu udrożnienia zbiornika, wykorzystując do tego celu symulacje komputerowe przeprowadzone w programie HEC-RAS.
    Źródło:
    Annals of Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW. Land Reclamation; 2008, 39
    0208-5771
    Pojawia się w:
    Annals of Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW. Land Reclamation
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
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