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Tytuł:
The effect of coconut extract on callus growth and ultrasound waves on production of betulin and betulinic acid in in-vitro culture conditions of Betula pendula Roth species
Autorzy:
Payamnoor, Vahide
Hajati, Razieh Jafari
Khodadai, Negar
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2045716.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Instytut Badawczy Leśnictwa
Tematy:
betulin
betulinic acid
Betula pendula Roth
callus induction
Opis:
To determine the effect of coconut extract on callogenesis of Betula pendula, Roth stem barks were cultured in NT (Nagata and Takebe) basic culture media in two individual experiments: i) cultivation explant in different treatments of coconut extracts combined with 1 mg l-1 2, 4-D (2, 4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid) and ii) callogenesis in NT media containing 1.5 mg l-1 2,4-D and 0.5 mg l-1 BAP (6-Benzylaminopurine) and then cultivation under the first experiment treatments. The first experiment demonstrated that not all concentrations of coconut extracts lead to callus induction individually, but callus induction increased 84% in a culture containing 5% coconut extract plus 1 mg l-1 2, 4-D. Based on the results of the second experiment, this treatment also significantly increased the wet and dry weights of the produced calluses. The possibility of increasing the betulinic acid and betulin by ultrasound was also studied. Samples cultivated in the selected culture medium were exposed to ultrasound waves in two forms of 1) one exposure and 2) twice exposure (repetition with 24 hr interval) in steps of 20, 60, 100, and 160 sec, and one treatment as the control. Betulin and the betulinic acid amount were determined using HPLC (High-Performance Liquid Chromatography). The maximum betulinic acid and betulin were obtained in 100 sec in once exposure (2.3 mg g-1 DW) and 160 sec in the twice exposure (0.75 mg g-1 DW) to ultrasound. The results showed that betulinic acid content was more than betulin.
Źródło:
Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry; 2018, 60, 4; 261-268
0071-6677
Pojawia się w:
Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Effect of plant growth regulators and explant types on induction and growth of callus of Primula veris L.
Wpływ regulatorów wzrostu i rodzaju eksplantatów na indukcję kalusa i wzrost pierwiosnka lekarskiego (Primula veris L.)
Autorzy:
Morozowska, M.
Wesolowska, M.
Glowicka-Woloszyn, R.
Kosinska, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/72672.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Instytut Włókien Naturalnych i Roślin Zielarskich
Tematy:
plant growth
growth regulator
explant type
callus induction
growth
callus
Primula veris
proliferation
Opis:
Primula veris L. (Primulaceae) is a well-known medicinal herb. The callus induction response of three explant types: roots, cotyledons, and hypocotyls of four-week-old cowslip seedlings were evaluated. The highest statistically different callus induction rate was 93.6% and was obtained from root explants on MS medium supplemented with 0.1 mg/l BA and 5.0 mg/l PIC. Calli also appeared on 83.3% of cotyledon explants on MS medium supplemented with 1.0 mg/l BA and 3.5 mg/l 2,4-D and on 81.0% of root explants on MS medium supplemented with 0.1 mg/l KIN and 2.0 mg/l 2,4-D. These values were not statistically different. The average time required for callus initiation was 4 to 6 weeks, however, it depended on the explants type. The most suitable condition for callus proliferation and growth was MS medium with 0.5 mg/l TDZ and 0.1 mg/l NAA, and with 1.0 mg/l BA and 2.0 mg/l or 3.5 mg/l 2,4-D. No light conditions proved to be more favourable for cowslip calli induction and growth.
Primula veris L. (Primulaceae) to znana roślina lecznicza. Opracowano metodę otrzymywania in vitro tkanki kalusowej z trzech rodzajów eksplantatów: korzeni, liścieni i hypokotyli z czterotygodniowych siewek pierwiosnka lekarskiego. Najwyższy, istotny statystycznie i wynoszący 93,6% indukcji tkanki kalusowej uzyskano z eksplantatów korzeniowych na podłożu Murashige i Skooga (MS) zawierającego 0,1 mg/l BA i 5,0 mg/l PIC. Indukcję kalusa obserwowano także na 83,3% eksplantatów liścieniowych na pożywce MS uzupełnionej 1,0 mg/l BA i 3,5 mg/l 2,4-D oraz na 81,0% eksplantatów korzeniowych na pożywce MS zawierającej 0,1 mg/l KIN i 2,0 mg/l 2,4-D. Średni czas potrzebny do inicjacji kalusa wyniósł 4 do 6 tygodni i zależał od rodzaju eksplantatu. Podłoża MS uzupełnione 0,5 mg/l TDZ i 0,1 mg/l NAA oraz 1,0 mg/l BA i 2,0 mg/l lub 3,5 mg/l 2,4-D okazały się najodpowiedniejszymi dla dalszego rozwoju i wzrostu zregenerowanej tkanki kalusowej. Warunki bez dostępu światła były korzystniejsze dla indukcji i wzrostu tkanki kalusowej pierwiosnka lekarskiego.
Źródło:
Herba Polonica; 2013, 59, 3
0018-0599
Pojawia się w:
Herba Polonica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Influence of growth regulators and genotype on callus induction from cotyledonary explants of Camelina sativa (L.) Crantz
Autorzy:
Mikolajczyk, S.
Weigt, D.
Kurasiak-Popowska, D.
Tomkowiak, A.
Bazylewska, J.
Pluta, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/951292.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
false flax
Camelina sativa
cotyledonary stage
callus induction
growth regulator
genotype
Źródło:
BioTechnologia. Journal of Biotechnology Computational Biology and Bionanotechnology; 2015, 96, 1
0860-7796
Pojawia się w:
BioTechnologia. Journal of Biotechnology Computational Biology and Bionanotechnology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The effect of growth regulators and culture conditions on the callus induction in tomato Lycopersicon sp.
Wpływ roślinnych regulatorów wzrostu i warunków prowadzenia kultury na indukcję kalusa u Lycopersicon sp.
Autorzy:
Rzepka-Plevneš, D.
Kulpa, D.
Grabiec, M.
Kowalczys, K.
Kurek, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/11364553.pdf
Data publikacji:
2006
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Przyrodniczy w Lublinie. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Przyrodniczego w Lublinie
Tematy:
cotyledon
darkness
light
tomato
growth regulator
Lycopersicon
callus induction
culture condition
Opis:
Effect of auxins: (NAA, IAA), cytokinin BAP and culture conditions (light, darkness) on callus induction in cotyledons of tomato cultivar ‘Maskotka’ and the wild form of Lycopersicon peruvianum was investigated. Callus was obtained in all experimental combinations, except of the culture with L. peruvianum on the medium with 1.0 mg⋅dm⁻³ of IAA. Callus weight, colour and structure depended on the tomato genotypes and experimental conditions. Best medium for the culture of tomato cultivar ‘Maskotka’ and the wild form L. peruvianum proved to be MS medium supplemented with 2.0 mg⋅dm⁻³ of IAA and 1.0mg⋅dm⁻³ of BAP.
W pracy określono wpływ auksyn (NAA i IAA) i cytokininy BAP oraz warunków kultury (światło, ciemność) na tworzenie się kalusa na liścieniach odmiany uprawnej pomidora ‘Maskotka’ oraz formy dzikiej Lycopersicon peruvianum. Indukcję kalusa obserwowano u obu badanych form niezależnie od składu hormonalnego pożywki, za wyjątkiem kombinacji, z auksyną IAA w ilości 1.0 mg⋅dm⁻³. Masa, zabarwienie i struktura otrzymanego kalusa zależały od genotypu badanych form pomidora oraz od warunków prowadzenia kultury. Inicjacja kalusa pomidora odmiany ‘Maskotka’ i L. peruvianum powinna odbywać się na pożywce MS uzupełnionej 2,0 mg dm⁻³ IAA i 1,0 mg dm⁻³ BAP.
Źródło:
Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Hortorum Cultus; 2006, 05, 2; 23-34
1644-0692
Pojawia się w:
Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Hortorum Cultus
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Quantification of taxol by high-performance thin layer chromatography in Taxus wallichiana callus cultivated in vitro
Autorzy:
Mujib, A.
Tonk, D.
Gulzar, B.
Maqsood, M.
Ali, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2096321.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
antioxidant enzymes
callus induction
stress
taxol
Taxus wallichiana
2
4-dichlorophenoxyacetic
acid
Opis:
In the present study, the induction of callus, callus biomass growth and the yield of taxol were investigated in Taxus wallichiana. This is the first report of a quantification study of taxol in in vitro grown tissues of Taxus obtained from Jammu and Kashmir provinces, India. For callus induction, three different explant types (leaf, cone and stem) were cultured in media supplemented with 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) and 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP). The stem was most responsive to callusing, and the maximum callus induction frequency of 71.5% was noted on medium amended with 2.0 mg/l 2,4-D. The medium amended with 2,4-D and ascorbic acid (AA) showed better callus growth and the maximum biomass (0.082 g, fresh weight). The yield of taxol was quantified in the callus grown on a medium supplemented with different plant growth regulators (PGRs) by using high-performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC). The taxol yield was maximum (1.053 μg/g dry weight) in 2,4-D-stimulated callus, followed by callus treated with NAA in which 0.896 μg/g dry weight taxol was detected. The maximum taxol yield (56.6%) was obtained in the callus grown on the medium amended with 2,4-D, and a 33.3% increased yield was noted on the NAA-supplemented medium. As a stress marker, the activities of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and the level of proline were measured in an auxin (2,4-D and NAA)-supplemented medium. The callus grown on the 2,4-D-supplemented medium had high levels of SOD (3.91 min-1 * mg-1 protein), APX (1.61 min -1 * mg-1 protein) and proline (6.57 mg/g), thus suggesting a higher stress level; the callus grown on the NAA-supplemented medium had slightly lower levels of SOD and APX enzyme activities and proline content (3.01 min-1 * mg -1 protein, 1.04 min-1 * mg -1 protein and 5.90 mg/g, respectively). BAP had little influence on stress parameters. The present study thus indicates a good taxol yield in the callus cultured in 2,4-D, which functioned as a signalling element and a stressor. The taxol yield in response to PGRs was analysed in in vitro cultivated tissues.
Źródło:
BioTechnologia. Journal of Biotechnology Computational Biology and Bionanotechnology; 2020, 101, 4; 337-347
0860-7796
Pojawia się w:
BioTechnologia. Journal of Biotechnology Computational Biology and Bionanotechnology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Efficient in vitro callus induction and regeneration of different Polish cultivars of tomato
Autorzy:
Gerszberg, A.
Hnatuszko-Konka, K.
Kowalczyk, T.
Kononowicz, A.K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/80385.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
conference
Polish cultivar
Lycopersicon esculentum
tomato
genetic transformation
callus induction
regeneration
cotyledon
hypocotyl
Źródło:
BioTechnologia. Journal of Biotechnology Computational Biology and Bionanotechnology; 2013, 94, 3
0860-7796
Pojawia się w:
BioTechnologia. Journal of Biotechnology Computational Biology and Bionanotechnology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Embryogenic callus induction and differentiation in silver fir (Abies alba Mill.) tissue cultures
Autorzy:
Nawrot-Chorabik, K
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/41643.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Dendrologii PAN
Tematy:
silver fir
Abies alba
tissue culture
embryogenic suspensor mass
somatic embryogenesis
callus induction
differentiation
Opis:
The research was conducted on explants of silver fir (Abies alba Mill.) deriving from several forest districts in southern Poland. The study encompassed the influence of the origin of plant material, type of explants, kind of substances used for explants sterilization, PPM and the type of medium on the ability to form embryogenic callus and to develop somatic embryos in silver fir explants. From the plant material collected in three sites, 57 clones were obtained from mature zygotic embryos; this produced an embryogenesis frequency of 6%. Embryogenic callus was obtained with a diameter of 65–70 mm depending on the material origin. The best medium for development of callus inducted on embryos isolated from mature silver fir seeds was the SH medium. Somatic embryos were formed in a globular stadium (24 pieces) on this medium. The 10% solution of NaOCl (used for 15 minutes) turned out to be the most effective substance for seed sterilization.
Źródło:
Dendrobiology; 2008, 59; 31-40
1641-1307
Pojawia się w:
Dendrobiology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
In vitro regeneration induced in leaf explants of Citrus limon L. Burm cv. ‘Primofiore’
Regeneracja in vitro Citrus limon L. Burm cv. ‘Primofiore’ z eksplantatów liściowych
Autorzy:
Kasprzyk-Pawelec, A.
Pietrusiewicz, J.
Szczuka, E.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/11543009.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Przyrodniczy w Lublinie. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Przyrodniczego w Lublinie
Tematy:
in vitro
plant regeneration
leaf explant
explant
callus induction
auxin
cytokinin
Citrus limon
Primofiore cultivar
Opis:
In vitro organogenesis was studied using Citrus limon L. Burm cv. ‘Primofiore’ leaf explants. The purpose of the present study was to optimize conditions for callogenesis and organogenesis of C. limon. Explants of C. limon were cultured on 16 different media supplemented with various combinations of plant growth regulators, both auxins and cytokinins, such as 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP), naphthalene acetic acid (NAA), 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), and kinetin. The best shoot induction was obtained when the leaf explants were cultured on Murashige & Tucker media supplemented with 3.5 mg·L-1 BAP. Histological investigation revealed most likely the initial phase of development of leaf explants during in vitro regeneration of C. limon. t
Organogenezę in vitro badano u Citrus limon L. Burm cv. ‘Primofiore’, wykorzystując eksplantaty z liści. Celem badań była optymalizacja warunków do indukcji tkanki kalusowej oraz regeneracji roślin C. limon. Eksplantaty C. limon wykładano na 16 pożywek różnego rodzaju, które dodatkowo uzupełniano kombinacjami roślinnych regulatorów wzrostu, zarówno auksyn, jak i cytokinin, takimi jak 6-benzylaminopuryna (BAP), kwas naftalenooctowy (NAA), kwas 2,4-dichlorofenoksyoctowy (2,4-D) i kinetyna. Regenerację pędową uzyskano, gdy eksplantaty liściowe wykładano na pożywkę Murashige and Tuckera uzupełnioną 3,5 mg·L-1 BAP. Badania histologiczne pozwoliły na przedstawienie początkowej fazy rozwoju eksplantatów z liści w trakcie regeneracji in vitro C. limon.
Źródło:
Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Hortorum Cultus; 2015, 14, 4; 143-153
1644-0692
Pojawia się w:
Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Hortorum Cultus
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Rapid callogenesis and plant regeneration of fine and coarse varieties of rice
Autorzy:
Khokhar, M.I.
Iqbal, M.Z.
Teixeira da Silva, J.A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/80293.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
rice
coarse structure
fine structure
plant regeneration
callogenesis
6-benzyladenine
callus induction
root formation
kinetin
Źródło:
BioTechnologia. Journal of Biotechnology Computational Biology and Bionanotechnology; 2017, 98, 4
0860-7796
Pojawia się w:
BioTechnologia. Journal of Biotechnology Computational Biology and Bionanotechnology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
In vitro and molecular characterization using ISSR markers of Glycyrrhiza glabra L.
Autorzy:
El-Hameid, A.A.
El-Kheir, Z.A.
Abdel-Hady, M.
Helmy, W.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/80908.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
licorice
Glycyrrhiza glabra
callus induction
genomic DNA
ISSR marker
molecular characteristics
polymerase chain reaction
kinetin
Murashige medium
Skoog's medium
Źródło:
BioTechnologia. Journal of Biotechnology Computational Biology and Bionanotechnology; 2018, 99, 4
0860-7796
Pojawia się w:
BioTechnologia. Journal of Biotechnology Computational Biology and Bionanotechnology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Plant regeneration from immature inflorescence-derived callus of Italian ryegrass [Lolium multiflorum Lam.]: chromosome number and fertility of regenerated plants
Autorzy:
Zwierzykowski, Z
Rybczynski, J.J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2044256.pdf
Data publikacji:
1998
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
chromosome structure
plant regeneration
female fertility
callus culture
chromosome number
meiotic behaviour
Italian rye-grass
breeding method
callus induction
plant breeding
Lolium multiflorum
immature inflorescence
Opis:
Twenty field-grown genotypes of diploid Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam., 2n = 2x = 14) were tested for their ability to induce callus and regenerate plants. Callus cultures were initiated from segments of immature inflorescences cultured on the MS medium supplemented with 4.0 mg L⁻¹ 2,4-D. The calluses were subcultured first on the maintaining medium (MS medium with 2.0 mg L⁻¹ 2,4-D) and later on the rooting medium (MS medium with 0.2 mg L⁻¹ 2,4-D). The frequency of callus induction varied depending on the source of explant and the initial genotype. A total of 473 green plantlets were regenerated, of which 420 were established in the soil. All these plants had the morphological characteristics of Italian ryegrass. Among 372 regenerants analysed cytologically, 302 (81.2%) had the expected diploid chromosome number (2n = 2x= 14), 65 (17.5%) were tetraploid (2n = 4x = 28); several aneuploids and mixoploids were also observed. All diploid and tetraploid regenerants were male and female fertile. However, a great variation of female fertility within and between both groups of regenerants was observed.
Źródło:
Journal of Applied Genetics; 1998, 39, 3; 217-224
1234-1983
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Applied Genetics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Somaclonal variation in winter wheat [Triticum aestivum L.]: frequency, occurrence and inheritance
Autorzy:
Cheng, X Y
Gao, M.W.
Liang, Z.Q.
Liu, G.Z.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2044461.pdf
Data publikacji:
1998
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
inheritance
tissue culture
Triticum aestivum
occurrence
in vitro
winter wheat
gene mutation
plant breeding
callus induction
frequency
somaclonal variation
wheat
embryo
Opis:
Plants were regenerated from immature embryo cultures of 35 winter wheat genotypes. General responses of regenerated plants were investigated and a total of 7142 R₂ spike lines from 1593 R₁ plants were assessed in the field for somaclonal variants in 1985/86, 1986/87 and 1987/88. Selected variants were studied for their possible genetic inheritance. From regenerated plantlets, 81% survived and 63% produced fertile plants. Forms with reduced plant height, length of spike and other morphological abnormalities were found in this progeny. Populations of R₁ plants were highly variable due mainly to the physiological disturbances resulting from the in vitro process. Overall somaclonal variation frequencies were 14.2% per plant basis and 5.3% per R₂ spike basis. The variants were similar in the three different R₂ generations with predominant variants being negative in plant height, maturity, awns, spike type and plant type. Both uniform R₂ variant families and spike lines were found in addition to the segregating variants which constituted the majority. On average, in a variant family or line, 18% and 14% of their component lines and plants were variants, respectively. Inheritability was demonstrated for the uniform variant families and spike lines as well as segregated variants. Of those 134 selections, about 70% were classified as inheritable. Both recessive and dominant gene mutations at one, two or three loci were evident in some variants as suggested by the segregating data.
Źródło:
Journal of Applied Genetics; 1998, 39, 1; 59-72
1234-1983
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Applied Genetics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Anther culture response and genetic relationships between Iranian and European barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) cultivars
Autorzy:
Izadi, S.
Cheghamirza, K.
Kahrizi, D.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/80731.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
barley
Hordeum vulgare
cereal grain
anther culture response
callus induction
genetic diversity
inter-simple sequence repeat marker
Mantel test
Iranian barley
European barley
Źródło:
BioTechnologia. Journal of Biotechnology Computational Biology and Bionanotechnology; 2017, 98, 4
0860-7796
Pojawia się w:
BioTechnologia. Journal of Biotechnology Computational Biology and Bionanotechnology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Protoplast isolation and plant regeneration in two cultivated coriander varieties, Co-1 and RS
Autorzy:
Ali, M.
Mujib, A.
Zafar, N.
Tonk, D.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/80271.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
plant regeneration
Coriandrum sativum
coriander
cultural variety
plant growth regulator
2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid
6-benzyladenine
alpha-naphthalene acetic acid
gibberellic acid
callus induction
somatic embryogenesis
Źródło:
BioTechnologia. Journal of Biotechnology Computational Biology and Bionanotechnology; 2018, 99, 4
0860-7796
Pojawia się w:
BioTechnologia. Journal of Biotechnology Computational Biology and Bionanotechnology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Somaclonal selection of physiological mutants and several problems related to rice cell breeding
Autorzy:
Kinoshita, T
Mori, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2044460.pdf
Data publikacji:
1998
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
chromosome variation
japonica rice
Oryza
African rice
physiological mutant
gamma-radiation
anther culture
hybrid plant
protoplast isolation
callus induction
callus formation
aneuploidy
indica rice
herbicide tolerance
hybrid
Kitaake cultivar
gametoclonal variation
somatic hybrid
rice
Opis:
Tolerance to a new herbicide, pyributycarb, was evaluated both at the plant and cellular levels. Several highly or moderately tolerant strains chosen at the plant level, showed a parallel relation of to tolerance at the cellular level. However, on the whole, correlation between total tolerance indices and survival rates of calli was not significant in 18 out of the 80 studied strains. As a result of somaclonal selection for two herbicides, lines NB-200 and NM-100 were regenerated from the tolerant calli screened with benthiocarb at 200 ppm, and molinate at 100 ppm, respectively. In the R₂ generation, both the lines displaned a stable tolerance both at the plant and cellular levels. Thus the highly tolerant mutant lines were developed from a moderately tolerant line, N-61, via in vitro selection. To achieve a short-cut method in the interspecific genetic exchange, a series of techniques related to cell fusion were established in rice and related species. Two kinds of somatic hybrids between the cultivar Kitaake and tetraploid Oryza species, O. punctata and O. officinalis, were successfully produced. Among the somatic hybrid plants, a wide range of chromosomal variation was observed. Aneuploid plants with a chromosome number around 2n = 72 (hexaploid), which are expected from a symmetric fusion between diploid and tetraploid strains, were obtained showing mixoploidy within a plant. Most of the somatic hybrids were characterized by intermediate features of plant-type showing high sterility, shattering of spikelets and reduced plant height. As an exception, a diploid plant, which was identified by RFLP analysis using the rDNA gene probe, closely resembled Kitaake and produced viable seeds. A tetraploid hybrid plant was also promising for the introduction of economically important characters through the reduction of chromosome numbers by doubled haploids. Gametoclonal variation and gamma radiation was applied to Kitaake. The mutation frequency was prominently increased by gamma ray treatment, especially at high doses of 200 Gy or 300 Gy. In the M₃R₂ or M₄R₃ generations, most of the variants showed unfavourable characters. Most of the mutant characters were governed by single or double recessive genes. Several mutants such as short culm and early flowering time might be used for rice breeding.
Źródło:
Journal of Applied Genetics; 1998, 39, 1; 9-35
1234-1983
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Applied Genetics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 16

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