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    Wyświetlanie 1-6 z 6
    Tytuł:
    Monotonicity of the Selling Price of Information with Risk Aversion in Two Action Decision Problems
    Autorzy:
    Bakir, Niyazi Onur
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2076547.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    decision analysis
    value of information
    selling price
    risk aversion
    buying price
    Opis:
    Various approaches have been introduced over the years to evaluate information in the expected utility framework. This paper analyzes the relationship between the degree of risk aversion and the selling price of information in a lottery setting with two actions. We show that the initial decision on the lottery as well as the attitude of the decision maker towards risk as a function of the initial wealth level are critical to characterizing this relationship. When the initial decision is to reject, a non-decreasingly risk averse decision maker asks for a higher selling price as he gets less risk averse. Conversely, when the initial decision is to accept, non-increasingly risk averse decision makers ask a higher selling price as they get more risk averse if information is collected on bounded lotteries. We also show that the assumption of the lower bound for lotteries can be relaxed for the quadratic utility family.
    Źródło:
    Central European Journal of Economic Modelling and Econometrics; 2015, 2; 71-90
    2080-0886
    2080-119X
    Pojawia się w:
    Central European Journal of Economic Modelling and Econometrics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Risk Attitudes, Buying and Selling Price for a Lottery and Simple Strategies
    Autorzy:
    Lewandowski, Michał
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/483243.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    wealth-invariance
    scale-invariance
    CARA
    CRRA
    DARA
    risk aversion
    buying and selling price for a lottery
    Opis:
    This paper defines the concept of simple strategy and introduces three kinds of simple strategies: wealth-invariant, scale-invariant and "wealthier-accept more". For three commonly used utility function families: CARA, CRRA and DARA equivalent characterizations are obtained in terms of the corresponding simple strategy, in terms of the buying and selling price properties, and in terms of the utility function properties as expressed by Cauchy functional equations. Moreover, an extension of famous Pratt (1964) theorem is proved which involves buying price for a lottery as an alternative measure of comparative risk aversion. Additionally a number of propositions on both selling and buying price for a lottery and CRRA utility class are proved.
    Źródło:
    Central European Journal of Economic Modelling and Econometrics; 2013, 5, 1; 1-34
    2080-0886
    2080-119X
    Pojawia się w:
    Central European Journal of Economic Modelling and Econometrics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Buying and selling price for risky lotteries and expected utility theory without consequentialism
    Autorzy:
    Lewandowski, Michał
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/453501.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2010
    Wydawca:
    Szkoła Główna Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie. Katedra Ekonometrii i Statystyki
    Tematy:
    utility
    consequentialism
    total wealth
    gambling wealth
    narrow framing
    [R] paradox
    preference reversal
    WTA/WTP disparity
    buying and selling price for a lottery
    Opis:
    "In this paper I show that within expected utility large buying and selling price gap is possible and [R] paradox may be resolved if only initial wealth is allowed to be small. It implies giving up the doctrine of consequentialism which may be reduced to requiring initial wealth to be total lifetime wealth of the decision maker. Still, even when initial wealth is allowed to be small and interpreted narrowly as gambling wealth, classic preference reversal is not possible within expected utility. I show that only another kind of reversal which I call preference reversal B is possible within expected utility. Preference reversal B occurs when buying price for one lottery is higher than for another, but the latter lottery is chosen in a direct choice. I demonstrate that classic preference reversal is susceptible to arbitrage whereas preference reversal B is not which suggests that the latter reversal is more rational."
    Źródło:
    Metody Ilościowe w Badaniach Ekonomicznych; 2010, 11, 1; 223-253
    2082-792X
    Pojawia się w:
    Metody Ilościowe w Badaniach Ekonomicznych
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    VAT and its influence on buying behaviour in the Czech Republic
    Autorzy:
    Kučerová, Vladimira
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/18797205.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Badań Gospodarczych
    Tematy:
    Value Added Tax
    price elasticity of demand
    buying behaviour
    food retail
    case study
    Opis:
    Research background: Value added tax (VAT) is nowadays the most widely used indirect tax system in developed countries. Value added tax, is an instrument of fiscal policy and also a very important source of income for the state budget. It is one of the universal indirect taxes, which has a significant influence on the price level in the country. The European Union's system of value added tax on goods and services is primarily governed by "the 6th VAT Directive" set by the European Commission. Purpose of the article: The paper deals with the question of how changes in the rates of value added tax influence the buying behaviours of customers. Buying behaviour could be expressed as decisions of customers about spending their own resources such as money, effort and time, on items related to their consumption in order to meet their needs. Methods: The area of the research is the Czech retail food market. Due to the nature of VAT, the influence of this tax on buying behaviour was quantified by price elasticity of demand and indirect tax elasticity of demand, respectively. The article is conceived as a case study, according to the principles of R.K. Yin. The evaluation of buying behaviour is based on real data, which deals with the volumes of sales and sales prices realized in a specific Czech retail chain, which associates more than 200 shops. Findings & Value added: The goal of the study is not only to propose the way to identify buyers' response to the changes in the VAT rate, but also to bring the knowledge about customers? response to the realized changes, and finally to propose how to use this knowledge in a development of pricing strategy in case of further changes in the VAT rate.
    Źródło:
    Oeconomia Copernicana; 2017, 8, 3; 353-366
    2083-1277
    Pojawia się w:
    Oeconomia Copernicana
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Price tracking behaviour in Electronic Commerce and the moderating role of fair price perception
    Zachowanie śledzenia cen w elektronicznym handlu i moderująca rola postrzegania uczciwej ceny
    Autorzy:
    Victor, V.
    Nathan, R. J.
    Grabara, J.
    Fekete-Farkas, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/404870.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Politechnika Częstochowska
    Tematy:
    price tracking
    strategic buying
    consumer behaviour
    e-commerce
    dynamic pricing
    śledzenie cen
    zakup strategiczny
    zachowania konsumenckie
    e-handel
    dynamiczne ceny
    Opis:
    With the rapid advancements in the Electronic Commerce sector, modern consumers are becoming increasingly aware of the prospects of the various pricing strategies, which have made their purchase decisions more sophisticated. Recent literature portrays an increased tendency among online shoppers to track product prices and wait for price markdowns prior to making their purchase decisions. This act of consumers is seen as strategic purchase behaviour, which is necessary for sellers to be aware of and frame their counter-strategies accordingly to prevent potential loss of revenue. This study aims at analyzing and measuring crucial factors that influence price tracking among online consumers. These include shopping experience, fair price perceptions and awareness about dynamic pricing. Using PLS SEM, this study also analyses the moderating effect of fair price perceptions on the overall shopping experience and price tracking behaviour of consumers. Statistical results reveal all three factors have significant direct and positive influence on price tracking behaviour and the moderation effect is significant and negatively influences consumer price tracking behaviour.
    Dzięki szybkim postępom w branży handlu elektronicznego, nowi konsumenci stają się coraz bardziej świadomi perspektyw różnych strategii cenowych, dzięki którym decyzje dotyczące zakupów stały się bardziej złożone. Najnowsza literatura opisuje zwiększoną tendencję kupujących online do śledzenia cen produktów i oczekiwania na obniżki cen przed podejmowaniem decyzji zakupowych. Ten akt konsumentów jest postrzegany jako strategiczne zachowanie zakupowe, które jest konieczne, aby sprzedawcy byli świadomi i dostosowywali swoje przeciw-strategie, aby zapobiec potencjalnej utracie dochodów. Celem tego badania jest analiza i pomiar kluczowych czynników, które wpływają na śledzenie cen wśród konsumentów internetowych. Należą do nich: wrażenia z zakupów, uczciwe postrzeganie cen i świadomość na temat dynamicznych cen. Wykorzystując PLS SEM, niniejsze badanie analizuje również moderujący wpływ uczciwej percepcji cenowej na ogólne wrażenia zakupowe i zachowanie cenowe konsumentów. Wyniki statystyczne pokazują, że wszystkie trzy czynniki mają znaczący bezpośredni i pozytywny wpływ na zachowanie cen, a efekt moderacji jest znaczący i negatywnie wpływa na zachowanie konsumentów przy śledzeniu cen.
    Źródło:
    Polish Journal of Management Studies; 2018, 18, 2; 375-387
    2081-7452
    Pojawia się w:
    Polish Journal of Management Studies
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The influence of key factors of visual merchandising on impulsive buying
    Autorzy:
    Franjkovic, Jelena
    Botkuljak, Marta
    Dujak, Davor
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2203759.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2022
    Wydawca:
    Wyższa Szkoła Logistyki
    Tematy:
    grocery retailing
    visual merchandising
    impulsive buying
    secondary exhibitions
    price promotional labels
    store atmosphere
    handel detaliczny artykułami spożywczymi
    merchandising wizualny
    impulsywne kupowanie
    wystawy wtórne
    etykiety promocyjne ceny
    atmosfera sklepu
    Opis:
    Background: Modern retail is experiencing an accelerated transformation with online sales growth, further accelerated by the COVID-19 pandemic. Nevertheless, physical stores, especially grocery stores, are still the key to retail business and are likely to remain so for the foreseeable future. Competition among retailers is becoming more pronounced and aggressive, and the expectations of modern consumers from retailers are stronger and more precise - they require the creativity of retailers in attracting and motivating them to enter their stores and return. Once consumers are in the store, the goal of retailers is to make them buy as much as possible. In modern retail, visual merchandising has become one of the crucial factors on the supply side by achieving a comfortable in-store environment and directing customers toward targeted shopping behaviour. The aim of this paper is to investigate which factors of visual merchandising are successful in encouraging impulsive consumer buying. Methods: The article conducted an extensive review of the previous literature, while the primary research was conducted on 226 respondents, people who participated in purchases in large retail grocery stores (primarily hypermarkets), to conclude the factors influencing visual merchandising on impulsive consumer buying. Results: The results of the regression analysis indicate that there is a statistically significant positive impact of secondary displays, price promotional labels, and in-store music on impulsive purchases, while the availability of prices over the Internet and weekly promotional catalogs have a negative impact on impulsive purchases. Conclusions: This research provides clear instructions to grocery retailers, and their suppliers (manufacturers and distributors) who place their products in their stores about elements of visual merchandising that can significantly affect consumers’ impulsive buying and generate additional revenue. Although retailers receive direct positive feedback, it is also of equal importance for manufacturers (manufacturing brands), as they often participate in in-store visual merchandising processes.
    Źródło:
    LogForum; 2022, 18, 3; 297--307
    1734-459X
    Pojawia się w:
    LogForum
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-6 z 6

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