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    Wyświetlanie 1-3 z 3
    Tytuł:
    Prawne problemy początków rejestracji aktów stanu cywilnego w Polsce po II wojnie światowej
    Legal Problems of the Beginnings of Civil Registration of Births, Marriages and Deaths in Poland after World War II
    Autorzy:
    Fiedorczyk, Piotr
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1367896.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Szczeciński. Wydawnictwo Naukowe Uniwersytetu Szczecińskiego
    Tematy:
    unification of family law
    1945 decree on birth
    marriage and death registers
    Polska
    registrar’s office
    Catholic Church
    Bismarck’s paragraph
    unifikacja prawa rodzinnego
    dekret z 1945 r. prawo o aktach stanu cywilnego
    urzędy stanu cywilnego
    Polska
    Kościół katolicki
    paragraf Bismarcka
    Opis:
    W artykule omówiono trudności, jakie powstały w związku z wprowadzeniem świeckich urzędów stanu cywilnego w Polsce po II wojnie światowej. W 1945 roku został wydany dekret Prawo o aktach stanu cywilnego. Miał on duże znaczenie dla sukcesu akcji unifikacji prawa cywilnego, która była wówczas przeprowadzana. Przeważająca część społeczeństwa polskiego nie znała świeckiego systemu rejestracji aktów stanu cywilnego, stosując się do wyznaniowego systemu rejestracji w katolickich księgach i metrykach kościelnych. Skutkiem tego w 1946 roku mniej niż połowa urodzin, małżeństw i zgonów była rejestrowana w świeckich urzędach stanu cywilnego. Nowy rząd komunistyczny stanął przed dylematem: czy stosować metody utylitarne, czy sankcjami zmusić społeczeństwo do dostosowania się do nowych przepisów. Pierwsza metoda okazała się skuteczniejsza.
    The article presents the difficulties with introducing a new system of civil registrar offices in Poland after World War II. In 1945 the decree on birth, marriage and death registers was passed. It had big importance for the success of the process of the unification of civil law, which took place then. The prevailing part of the Polish society knew nothing about the lay system of registrar’s office and they followed Catholic Church regulations in this matter. The result was that in 1946 less than half of births, marriages and deaths were registered in the civil offices. The article describes the measures which were undertaken to force the society to register. The new communist government had a dilemma whether it would be better to use arguments of the utilitarian character or rather to force people by using sanctions. The first method turned out to be more important.
    Źródło:
    Przeszłość Demograficzna Polski; 2017, 39; 345-362
    0079-7189
    2719-4345
    Pojawia się w:
    Przeszłość Demograficzna Polski
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Perspektywy badań nad populacją i rodziną województwa kijowskiego w XVIII wieku
    Prospects of the Research on the Population and Family of the Kiev Voivodeship of the 18th Century
    Autorzy:
    Rzemieniecki, Konrad
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1367607.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Szczeciński. Wydawnictwo Naukowe Uniwersytetu Szczecińskiego
    Tematy:
    the Kiev Voivodeship
    the 18th century
    the size and structure of the family
    population
    natural movement
    birth and death registers
    state tax tables
    censuses
    Opis:
    The article assesses the prospects of the research on the population and family of the Kiev Voivodeship in the 18th century. The article has been based on the analysis of archival existing materials, which potentially might become a basis for such research (birth and death registers of various religions, censuses, state tax tables). The diversity and quantity of the research material makes it possible to work out detailed analytical methods. The second half of the century is especially rich in sources, and the condition of the existing materials allows a detailed analysis of the state and dynamics of changes in the population of the whole region at several points of time. Prospects of the research on the structure and size of the family and household of various social and ethnic groups seem promising. Among other things the materials concerning two censuses carried out by the Polish and Russian authorities have survived. In spite of the territorial and chronological incompatibility of the materials they offer many possibilities to analyse most of the potential research questions, especially the ones concerning the second half of the century.
    Źródło:
    Przeszłość Demograficzna Polski; 2015, 37, 2; 149-158
    0079-7189
    2719-4345
    Pojawia się w:
    Przeszłość Demograficzna Polski
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Individual and Collective Identity: Factual Givens and Their Legal Reflection in International Law. Words in Commemoration of Krzysztof Skubiszewski
    Autorzy:
    Tomuschat, Christian
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/706727.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018-09-01
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Nauk Prawnych PAN
    Tematy:
    identity
    individuals and peoples
    determining factors
    birth and family
    gender
    slavery
    religious ties
    freedom to leave any country
    nationality
    statelessness
    official recognition as a person
    self-determination
    people and population
    minorities and secession
    refugees
    EU citizenship
    admission of refugees
    competence of EU authorities to assign quotas of refugees to individual Member States
    Opis:
    States and individuals are the essential building blocks of international law. Normally, their identity seems to be solidly established. However, modern international law is widely permeated by the notion of freedom from natural or societal constraints. This notion, embodied for individuals in the concept of human rights, has enabled human beings to overcome most of the traditional ties of dependency and being subjected to dominant social powers. Beyond that, even the natural specificity of a human as determined by birth and gender is being widely challenged. The law has made fargoing concessions to this pressure. The right to leave one’s own country, including renouncing one’s original nationality, epitomizes the struggle for individual freedom. On the other hand, States generally do not act as oppressive powers but provide comprehensive protection to their nationals. Stateless persons live in a status of precarious insecurity. All efforts should be supported which are aimed at doing away with statelessness or nonrecognition as a human person through the refusal to issue identity documents. Disputes about the collective identity of States also contain two different aspects. On the one hand, disintegrative tendencies manifest themselves through demands for separate statehood by minority groups. Such secession movements, as currently reflected above all in the Spanish province of Catalonia, have no basis in international law except for situations where a group suffers grave structural discrimination (remedial secession). As the common homeland of its citizens, every State also has the right to take care of its sociological identity. Many controversies focus on the distinction between citizens and aliens. This distinction is well rooted in domestic and international law. Changes in that regard cannot be made lightly. At the universal level international law has not given birth to a right to be granted asylum. At the regional level, the European Union has put into force an extremely generous system that provides a right of asylum not only to persons persecuted individually, but also affords “subsidiary protection” to persons in danger of being harmed by military hostilities. It is open to doubt whether the EU institutions have the competence to assign quotas of refugees to individual Member States. The relevant judgment of the Court of Justice of the European Union of 6 September 2017 was hasty and avoided the core issue: the compatibility of such decisions with the guarantee of national identity established under Article 4(2) of the EU Treaty.
    Źródło:
    Polish Yearbook of International Law; 2017, 37; 11-34
    0554-498X
    Pojawia się w:
    Polish Yearbook of International Law
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
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