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Tytuł:
Pre-treatment of biomass by torrefaction - preliminary studies
Toryfikacja jako proces obróbki biomasy - badania wstępne
Autorzy:
Witczak, M.
Walkowiak, M.
Cichy, W.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/52855.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Technologii Drewna
Tematy:
biomass pretreatment
biomass
torrefaction process
pretreatment process
pelletization process
pellet
Opis:
Torrefaction is a mild pre-treatment of biomass at the temperatures range from 200°C to 300°C. This report presents preliminary studies of torrefaction process for different types of raw material. A torrefied product has a brown/black colour, reduced moisture content, and increased heating value (HHV and LHV). It has favourable properties for application as a fuel for gasification and combustion.
Przedstawiono wyniki uzyskane w trakcie wstępnych badań procesu toryfikacji wybranych materiałów lignocelulozowych. Otrzymane produkty toryfikowane charakteryzowały się brązowo-czarną barwą, niską wilgotnością oraz podwyższoną wartością ciepła spalania i wartością opałową, co wpływało korzystnie na poprawę właściwości paliwowych badanych próbek biomasy. Toryfikacja jest procesem łagodnej obróbki wstępnej biomasy, zachodzącym w temperaturze 200-300°C pod ciśnieniem atmosferycznym w atmosferze gazu obojętnego. Wydajność masy i energii procesu toryfikacji jest zależna od temperatury, czasu oraz typu biomasy poddawanej toryfikacji. Prędkość wzrostu temperatury procesu, według danych literaturowych, nie przekracza 50°C na minutę, a czas jego trwania oscyluje najczęściej w granicach jednej godziny. W trakcie toryfikacji następuje częściowa dekompozycja biomasy z wydzieleniem produktów lotnych. Pożądany produkt toryfikacji jest ciałem stałym, określanym jako biomasa toryfikowana. Uzyskane wyniki pozwalają na planowanie dalszych prac badawczych w tym zakresie.
Źródło:
Drewno. Prace Naukowe. Doniesienia. Komunikaty; 2011, 54, 185
1644-3985
Pojawia się w:
Drewno. Prace Naukowe. Doniesienia. Komunikaty
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Chemical hydrolysis of hemicellulose from sugarcane bagasse. A comparison between the classical sulfuric acid method with the acidic ionic liquid 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate
Autorzy:
Rodrigues, Marcoaurélio Almenara
da Costa Lopes, André M.
Lukasik, Rafal M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2201973.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Centrum Badań i Innowacji Pro-Akademia
Tematy:
sugarcane bagasse
acidic ionic liquids
biomass pretreatment
dilute sulfuric acid
pentose
furfural
wytłoki trzciny cukrowej
kwaśne ciecze jonowe
wstępna obróbka biomasy
rozcieńczony kwas siarkowy
pentoza
Opis:
Dilute sulfuric acid and acidic ionic liquids are pretreatment methods used to selectively hydrolyze hemicellulose from lignocellulosic biomasses. In this work, a comparison between these techniques is carried out by treating sugarcane bagasse both with 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate at different ionic-liquid and water contents and with H 2 SO 4 at the same conditions and equivalent ionic liquid molar contents. Results from the use of ionic liquid showed that it was possible to tune the biomass treatment either to achieve high hemicellulose hydrolysis yields of 72.5 mol% to very low furan and glucose co-production, or to obtain furfural at moderate yields of 18.7 mol% under conditions of low water concentration. In comparison to the use of ionic liquid, sulfuric acid pretreatment increased hemicellulose hydrolysis yields by 17%, but the 8.6 mol% furfural yield was also higher, and these yields were obtained at high water concentration conditions. Besides, no such tuning ability of the biomass treatment conditions can be made.
Źródło:
Acta Innovations; 2023, 46; 35--53
2300-5599
Pojawia się w:
Acta Innovations
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Influence of Temperature and Reaction Time on the Efficiency of Alkaline Pretreatment of Hay Biomass
Autorzy:
Zdeb, Magdalena
Skóra, Aneta
Pawłowska, Małgorzata
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1839082.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
lignocellulosic biomass
hay
alkaline pretreatment
thermal pretreatment
Opis:
Low biodegradability caused by polymeric structure is the main barrier in the use of lignocellulosic materials in biofuels production by using biological methods. Pretreatment of the biomass is the way to improve the suitability of hardly biodegradable biomass for biogas or bioethanol production. Evaluation of the influence of thermal and thermochemical alkaline pretreatment on the efficiency of hydrolysis of hay (mixture of various grass species) was the aim of the study. The batch scale experiment was carried out with the use of NaOH and distilled water as solvents, and the changes in pretreatment time (2, 4 and 8 hours) and temperature (22 and 80°C) were also considered. The efficiency of biomass solubilisation was assessed based on the results obtained from the measurements of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and volatile fatty acids (VFA) concentration in the hydrolysates. The solubility of the biomass, expressed as a percentage of soluble COD in total COD, was calculated. The experiment showed that the highest solubilisation of hay biomass was observed at 80°C under alkaline conditions. In this case, the solubility of the COD was 3-times higher, and the VFA concentration in hydrolysates was 4-times higher in comparison to the distilled water-based test at 22°C. It was noted that time of the process significantly influenced the efficiency of biomass solubilisation only during the experiment carried out at 22°C. Extension of hydrolysis time from 2 to 8 hours increased the value of soluble COD of 70% and 55% for water and alkaline solvent, respectively. The process conducted at 80°C was not time-dependent over the considered period.
Źródło:
Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2021, 22, 2; 120-127
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Effectiveness of using physical pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass
Autorzy:
Piątek, Milena
Bartkowiak, Anna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/27312631.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Instytut Technologiczno-Przyrodniczy
Tematy:
biogas yield
biomass conversion
energy efficiency
thermal efficiency
lignocellulosic biomass
ultrasonic pretreatment
hydrothermal pretreatment
Opis:
Pretreatment is aimed at making lignin structures, which in turn causes decrystallisation and depolymerisation of cellulose. This treatment allows to increase the energy potential of substrates. A properly selected method allows for obtaining larger amounts of biogas with a high content of biomethane. The aim of the study was to analyse selected pretreatment methods (ultrasonic and hydrothermal) for biogas yield, including biomethane, and to demonstrate the effectiveness of obtaining additional electricity and heat from these methods. It was based on the literature data. On basis the study, the following information was obtained: average yield of biogas and biomethane before and after treatment, difference in yield of biogas and biomethane after treatment, and the effect of treatment on the substrate used. Moreover, an estimate was made of the effectiveness of obtaining additional electricity and heat from selected pretreatment methods compared to hard coal. Based on the analysis of the ultrasonic treatment analysis, it was shown that the best result was obtained with the ultrasound treatment of the mixture of wheat straw and cattle manure with the following parameters: frequency 24 kHz, temperature 44.30°C, time 21.23 s. This allowed a 49% increase in biogas production. The use of pretreatment would therefore allow the production of more electricity and heat capable of replacing conventional heat sources such as coal.
Źródło:
Journal of Water and Land Development; 2023, 58; 62--69
1429-7426
2083-4535
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Water and Land Development
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Simple and Combined Pretreatment of a Mixture of Forestry and Aromatic-Medicinal Plant Waste by Chemical, Physical and Enzymatic Methods
Autorzy:
Bendaoud, Ahmed
Belkhiri, Abdelkhalek
Maai, Mohamed
Moubchir, Tarik
Hmamou, Anouar
Tlemcani, Sara
Eloutassi, Noureddine
Lahkimi, Amal
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/24201758.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
biomass
lignocellulosic complex
pretreatment
cellulose
plant waste
Opis:
Forestry waste (FW) extracted parts ofmedicinal-aromatic plant waste (EPW) and unused parts (UPW) are considered potential resources for energy recovery (their heating value of approximately 19 MJ/kg).In order to valorize lignocellulosic biomass, a pretreatment process is required to hydrolyze the recalcitrant lignocellulosic complex into fermentable simple sugars. The aim of this study is to determine the best method of pretreatment that takes into account treatment time, efficiency, and environmental friendliness. The mixture of FW, EPW, and UPW was treated by simple and combined treatment using different methods like acid sulfuric (Ac), steam explosion (SE), and enzymatic (E) (cellulase and hemicellulase).The results showed that the combined and simple Ac treatments are the mostefficient compared with SE and E treatments in the hydrolysis of polysaccharide of cellulose with a rate respectively of 90.5% and 77.6% and hemicellulose with a rate respectively of 80.63% and 87.14%. In addition, both of the preceding methods release an important rate of total phenolic compounds. Combined treatment demands high time but is friendly (approximately 1 day), and Ac treatment is less time-consuming (about 25 min) but harmful to the environment and causes the corrosion of equipment.In conclusion, combined treatment can be the best method and the high time required can be reduced with the progress of the research.
Źródło:
Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2023, 24, 4; 376--383
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Physical methods of microalgal biomass pretreatment
Autorzy:
Piasecka, A.
Krzeminska, I.
Tys, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/25591.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Agrofizyki PAN
Tematy:
biomass
sonication
microwave
physical method
microalga
pretreatment
lipid content
Opis:
The prospect of depletion of natural energy resources on the Earth forces researchers to seek and explore new and alternative energy sources. Biomass is a composite resource that can be used in many ways leading to diversity of products. Therefore, microalgal biomass offers great potential. The main aim of this study is to find the best physical method of microalgal bio- mass pretreatment that guarantees efficient lipid extraction. These studies identifies biochemical composition of microalgal biomass as source for biodisel production. The influence of drying at dif- ferent temperatures and lyophilization was investigated. In addi- tion, wet and untreated biomass was examined. Cell disruption (sonication and microwave) techniques were used to improve lipid extraction from wet biomass. Additionally, two different extrac- tion methods were carried out to select the best method of crude oil extraction. The results of this study show that wet biomass after sonication is the most suitable for extraction. The fatty acid com- position of microalgal biomass includes linoleic acid (C18:2), palmitic acid (C16:0), oleic acid (C18:1), linolenic acid (C18:3), and stearic acid (C18:0), which play a key role in biodiesel production.
Źródło:
International Agrophysics; 2014, 28, 3
0236-8722
Pojawia się w:
International Agrophysics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Effect of extrusion-cooking conditions on the physical properties of Jerusalem artichoke straw
Autorzy:
Kupryaniuk, K.
Oniszczuk, T.
Combrzyński, M.
Wojtowicz, A.
Mitrus, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2082947.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Agrofizyki PAN
Tematy:
pretreatment
lignocellulosic biomass
physical
properties
extrusion-cooking
Jerusalem artichoke straw
Opis:
The paper presents the effect of extrusion-cooking conditions (moisture content and screw speed) on the physical properties of extruded Jerusalem artichoke straw. A single screw extruder was used for straw processing. Shredded Jerusalem artichoke straw moistened to 30, 40, and 50% was subjected to an extrusion-cooking process at various screw speeds (70, 90, and 110 rpm). Selected physical properties and pasting profile were tested. Significant differences were observed depending on the moisture content of the samples and the various screw speed on their physical properties. Notably, increased moisture content lowered the specific mechanical energy, increased processing efficiency, water solubility, peak viscosity and breakdown. The maximum efficiency and the highest breakdown was observed for the sample with 50% moisture content processed at an extruder screw speed of 90 rpm. The sample obtained at 30% moisture and at 90 rpm was characterized by the lowest efficiency and hot paste viscosity, and the highest specific mechanical energy. The results showed that the extrusion-cooking process yielded desirable changes to the structure of the analysed lignocellulosic biomass.
Źródło:
International Agrophysics; 2020, 34, 4; 441-449
0236-8722
Pojawia się w:
International Agrophysics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wpływ metod obróbki wstępnej biomasy na wydajność otrzymywania biogazu
Effect of methods pretreatment of biomass for yield of biofuels
Autorzy:
Bogumił, Dorota
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/470684.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Kardynała Stefana Wyszyńskiego w Warszawie
Tematy:
biomasa lignocelulozowa
obróbka wstępna
fermentacja metanowa
lignocellulosic biomass
pretreatment
anaerobic fermentation
Opis:
Due to the growing interest in renewable energy, lignocellulosic biomass is an attractive substrate for the production of biofuels, particularly when it is undeveloped waste. The biomass is cheap, widely available, and has a highenergy value. Conversion technology of this type of biomass is characterized by the limitations associated with a complicated structure of the lignocellulose complex. Various types of pre-treatment of the raw materials is being used to improve its efficiency. The article describes division of available methods for the preparation of lignocellulosic raw materials used to produce various types of biofuels.
Z uwagi na wzrastające zainteresowanie energią ze źródeł odnawialnych, biomasa lignocelulozowa jest atrakcyjnym substratem do produkcji biopaliw, szczególnie gdy stanowi niezagospodarowany odpad. Jest tania, ogólnodostępna oraz charakteryzuje się wysoką wartością energetyczną. Technologia konwersji tego typu biomasy charakteryzuje się ograniczeniami związanymi ze skomplikowaną budową kompleksu lignocelulozowego. W celu poprawy efektywności wykorzystania tego typu surowca stosuje się różnego rodzaju jego obróbkę wstępną. W artykule przedstawiono podział dostępnych metod przygotowania surowca lignocelulozowego wykorzystywanego do produkcji różnego rodzaju biopaliw.
Źródło:
Studia Ecologiae et Bioethicae; 2016, 14, 4; 191-203
1733-1218
Pojawia się w:
Studia Ecologiae et Bioethicae
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wybrane metody wstępnej obróbki surowców roślinnych stosowanych do produkcji biogazu
Selected methods of vegetable raw material pre-treatment used in biogas production
Autorzy:
Witaszek, K.
Pilarska, A. A.
Pilarski, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/96766.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Fundacja Ekonomistów Środowiska i Zasobów Naturalnych
Tematy:
biogaz
fermentacja beztlenowa
biomasa lignocelulozowa
obróbka wstępna
biogas
anaerobic digestion
lignocellulosic biomass
pretreatment
Opis:
An agricultural waste substrates such as rape straw, hay, corn stover, or other types of green fodder (grass residues) are not utilized in many farms and go to the waste, which finally goes to the soil. Therefore, it is very important to appropriately manage these substrates, for example, in methane fermentation process for the biogas production. During the process of methane fermentation in agricultural biogas plant, mentioned biomass substrates are decomposed only in a small extent. The low biodegradability of straw and grasses is related to their chemical structure. The composition of this materials includes cellulose and hemicellulose compounds surrounded with the lignin polymers (hence, in the literature the name of lignocellulosic biomass is used), which is not digested in this form by enzymes of the methane bacteria. It is assumed that a suitable technological pretreatment of the batch (by micronization or steam explosion) may significantly improve the methane fermentation process with little additional energy and cost inputs. The aim of the study is to discuss the impact of selected pretreatment technologies of vegetable raw material plant for the production of biogas and to provide energy and economic balance of the proposed methods. Studies were conducted basing of foreign literature reports (in Poland not yet published research in the field of mechanical and thermal pre-treatment of plant biomass) and also based on knowledge and own research.
Źródło:
Ekonomia i Środowisko; 2015, 2; 130-144
0867-8898
Pojawia się w:
Ekonomia i Środowisko
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Ionic liquids in the pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass
Autorzy:
Rodríguez, Héctor
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1429853.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Centrum Badań i Innowacji Pro-Akademia
Tematy:
ionic liquid
biomass
lignocellulose
biorefinery
pretreatment
fractionation
ciecz jonowa
biomasa
lignoceluloza
biorafineria
obróbka wstępna
frakcjonowanie
Opis:
The pretreatment is a key step in the processing of lignocellulosic biomass for its transformation into chemicals and materials of biorenewable origin. Ionic liquids, with their characteristic set of unique properties, have the potential to be the basis of novel pretreatment processes with higher effectiveness and improved sustainability as compared to the current state-of-the-art processes. In this opinion paper, the author provides a perspective on possible processing strategies for this pretreatment with ionic liquids, identifying different advantages as well as challenges to be overcome.
Źródło:
Acta Innovations; 2021, 38; 23-36
2300-5599
Pojawia się w:
Acta Innovations
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
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