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    Wyświetlanie 1-9 z 9
    Tytuł:
    Biogeochemical Principles of Plant Product Quality in Agrolandscapes with Typical Chernozems
    Autorzy:
    Yehorova, Tetiana
    Palapa, Nadiya
    Nagorniuk, Oksana
    Sobczyk, Wiktoria
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2202110.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2022
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
    Tematy:
    soil
    biogeochemistry
    productivity
    product quality
    agrolandscape
    micronutrient balance
    comprehensive assessment
    Opis:
    Peculiarities of formation, distribution and fertility of typical chernozems on the territory of Europe as a whole and within the agricultural lands of Ukraine were given. It is noted that the existing agro-industrial characteristics of agricultural products least reflect the quality of raw materials and therefore are not analyzed as a factor influencing public health. The relevance of biogeochemical research of food (agricultural) raw materials and the introduction of new criteria for its quality were outlined. The purpose of the presented research was to expand the quality indicators of agricultural products on the basis of topical structure of agricultural landscapes and biogeochemical criteria for evaluating "typical chernozems – cereals and vegetables" systems. A system of biogeochemical parameters and quality criteria of plant products containing two components has been developed. The first component is the spatial differentiation of natural and agro-technological features of agrolandscapes (systems of rocks-typical chernozems-cultures), which highlight the prevalence of nutrients in bedrock, particle size distribution of typical chernozems and the ratio of their prevalence within the administrative regions of Ukraine. There are 12 groups of agricultural landscapes that differ in these features. A set of biogeochemical parameters for the distribution of essential elements in the components of the agricultural landscape, criteria for their ecological balance and impact on the quality of agricultural raw materials.Implementation of the proposed criteria for the quality of agricultural products was carried out on the territories of two agrolandscapes of typical chernozems in the Kyiv and Poltava regions.It was established that the physico-chemical balance of Zn, Cu and excess Mo in the rocks and soils of the agro-landscape of the Right Bank Forest-Steppe is not consistent with biogeochemical deficiency of copper and, in part, zinc in cereals (oats). The physico-chemical balance of Zn, Cu in the soils of the agro-landscape of the Left Bank Forest-Steppe does not agree with the biogeochemical deficiency of zinc in vegetable crops (potatoes, carrots, and beets). On the basis of the biogeochemical criteria for the distribution of Zn, Cu, Mo in agricultural landscapes, the proposed territorial measures to improve the quality of grain and vegetable products to prevent copper and zinc "hidden hunger" in the population.
    Źródło:
    Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2022, 23, 10; 304--316
    2299-8993
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of Ecological Engineering
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Modeling of solubilization dynamics of manure organic matter and phosphorus as a function of pH control and enzyme supplementation
    Autorzy:
    Gungor, K.
    Alkan-Ozkaynak, A.
    Karthikeyan, K. G.
    Evrendilek, F.
    Gunasekaran, S.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/208150.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
    Tematy:
    biogeochemistry
    biological materials
    pH
    phosphorus
    biogeochemia
    materiały biologiczne
    fosfor
    Opis:
    The potential use of commercial enzyme and pH control has been investigated for enhancing dairy manure fermentation and modeling dissolved organic matter and orthophosphate (PO4-P) dynamics of fermenters. Anaerobic lab-scale batch fermenters (initial total solids concentration (TSo) = 3.8 wt. %) were fed with separated dairy manure solids and operated under pH controls (5 and 9.5). The enzyme-supplemented alkaline fermenters clearly outperformed the acidic fermenters in terms of chemical oxygen demand (COD) solubilization: ca. 50% vs. 20%, respectively. Soluble PO4-P in the acidic fermenters was comparably higher but constituted less than 20% of total phosphorus. Better soluble COD (>80%) and soluble PO4-P (>70%) yields were noted for the dilute fermenters (TSo = 0.6–0.8 wt. %). An existing model was retrofitted, calibrated and validated for simulating dynamics of soluble COD, volatile fatty acids, and soluble orthophosphate under various pH and enzyme conditions.
    Źródło:
    Environment Protection Engineering; 2016, 42, 2; 155-170
    0324-8828
    Pojawia się w:
    Environment Protection Engineering
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Summer distribution patterns of Trichodesmium spp. in the Changjiang (Yangtze River) Estuary and adjacent East China Sea shelf
    Autorzy:
    Jiang, Z.
    Chen, J.
    Zhou, F.
    Zhai, H.
    Zhang, D.
    Yan, X.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/47907.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
    Tematy:
    Trichodesmium
    Yangtze River
    estuary
    China Sea
    trichome
    biogeochemistry
    environment parameter
    sea surface temperature
    salinity
    Opis:
    To examine the distribution of Trichodesmium relative to physicochemical factors during summer in the Changjiang (Yangtze River) Estuary and adjacent East China Sea shelf, three cruises were conducted separately in June 2009, July 2011, and August 2009. Trichodesmium species found were T. thiebautii, T. erythraeum, and T. hildebrandtii. The population was dominated by T. thiebautii, which accounted for >85% of the samples found. Most of them were free trichomes. Colonial forms were rarely observed (approximately 10% of our samples), occurring only in offshore waters. The depth integrated abundances of Trichodesmium were 308 × 103, 1709 × 103, and 3448 × 103 trichomes m−2 in June, July, and August, respectively. Trichodesmium was distributed abundantly in the southern or southeastern part of our study area, where nutrients were low and light penetration, temperature, and salinity were high, which were influenced by the Taiwan Warm Current (TWC) and Kuroshio. Trichodesmium was found in low abundance in inshore, eutrophic, low-salinity waters, which were mainly controlled by the Changjiang Diluted Water (CDW) and coastal current. These results suggest that spatiotemporal changes in the summer Trichodesmium distribution correlate highly with the variations in physicochemical properties that are primarily controlled by the TWC, Kuroshio, and CDW. The summer N2 fixation rate of Trichodesmium was estimated at 12.3 μmol N m−2 d−1 in our study area, contributing >50% of biological N2 fixation.
    Źródło:
    Oceanologia; 2017, 59, 3
    0078-3234
    Pojawia się w:
    Oceanologia
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    C-Biomass of Bacteria, Fungi, and Protozoan Communities in Arctic Tundra Soil, Including Some Trophic Relationships
    Autorzy:
    Anderson, O. Roger
    McGuire, Krista
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/763425.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Jagielloński. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego
    Tematy:
    Bacterial biomass, carbon biogeochemistry, climate change, fungal biomass, protozoan biomass, soil carbon enrichment
    Opis:
    The ecology of tundra terrestrial environments has gained increasing attention due to potential major changes resulting from global warming and climate change. However, the composition of terrestrial microbial communities and their role in the biogeochemical carbon cycle are less well studied. This is the first report of the C-biomass of bacteria, fungi, and representative protozoa (heterotrophic nanoflagellates, naked amoebae, and testate amoebae) in Alaskan tundra soil samples, and the effects of glucose solution enrichment in laboratory studies simulating release of soluble organic compounds as may occur during permafrost melt and increased plant root exudates due to global warming. The data for three moss-rich surface samples, two in spring and one in summer (2011), are reported for C-supplemented (8,000 μg glucose-C) and non-supplemented treatments in laboratory culture. Seven days after supplementation, fungal C-biomass in the glucose-treated and untreated samples were similar in the range of 5 to 11 mg g–1 soil dry weight, the highest values in the summer samples. The bacterial C-biomass was the next highest in the range of 20 to 120 μg g–1 soil dry weight, followed by heterotrophic nanoflagellates (2 to 14 μg g–1 soil dry weight). The naked amoebae (0.13 to 0.94 μg C g–1 soil dry weight) and testate amoebae (2 to 20 ng C g–1 soil dry weight) contributed the least C-biomass. All of the bacterial and protozoan treatments showed increased biomass with glucose supplementation. Based on size, and C-biomass estimates, the phagotrophic protozoa appear to be organized in a classical bacterial-based trophic hierarchy (i.e. bacteria – nanoflagellates – naked amoebae – testate amoebae, in ascending order). Correlations of the C-biomass of bacteria to each of the protozoa, provided further evidence of a trophic pyramid; bacteria vs. nanoflagellates (r = –0.986), indicating top-down control by predatory flagellates, bacteria vs. naked amoebae (r = –0.361) and bacteria vs. testate amoebae (r = –0.131), each of decreasing magnitude as would be predicted for higher level consumers. Estimates of bacterial predation indicated strong predatory pressures on bacteria by the protozoa, greater with C-supplementation compared to the non-supplemented treatments.
    Źródło:
    Acta Protozoologica; 2013, 52, 4
    1689-0027
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Protozoologica
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Characteristics of natural organic matter removed from water along with its treatment
    Autorzy:
    Urbanowska, A.
    Kabsch-Korbutowicz, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/206888.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
    Tematy:
    biogeochemistry
    biological materials
    chemical water treatment
    Mokry Dwór
    WTP
    biogeochemia
    materiały biologiczne
    chemiczne uzdatnianie wody
    Opis:
    The object of this study was to examine the nature of natural organic matter (NOM) removed on each stage of water treatment train used in the “Mokry Dwór” Wrocław Water Treatment Plant (WTP) and to compare obtained results with water treatment efficiencies achieved with the use of membrane ultrafiltration, ion-exchange and UF/ion-exchange integrated processes. In the experiments fractional analysis with the use of polymeric resins (DAX-8, XAD-4 and IRA-958) was used. Obtained results have shown that most (56%) of the raw water NOM was found in fraction characterized by presence of humic and fulvic acids (VHA and SHA fractions). VHA fraction made the most of DOC removed in examined water treatment train and coagulation was mainly responsible for this effect. Integrated process consisting of MIEX®DOC ion exchange and PES 10 kDa ultrafiltration turned out to be very effective at high molecular weight hydrophobic compounds removal from water being much less efficient with hydrophilic compounds.
    Źródło:
    Environment Protection Engineering; 2016, 42, 2; 183-195
    0324-8828
    Pojawia się w:
    Environment Protection Engineering
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Significance of nutrient fluxes via submarine groundwater discharge in the Bay of Puck, Southern Baltic Sea
    Autorzy:
    Szymczycha, B.
    Klostowska, Z.
    Lengier, M.
    Dzierzbicka-Glowacka, L.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2079294.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
    Tematy:
    nutrient flux
    nitrogen
    phosphorus
    submarine groundwater discharge
    biogeochemistry
    coastal zone
    Puck Bay
    Southern Baltic Sea
    Opis:
    In this study, we collected submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) and seawater samples at six sites in the Bay of Puck, in the southern Baltic Sea, in order to estimate the nutrient distribution in groundwater affected areas. In addition, we estimated nutrient fluxes via SGD, including both fresh SGD (FSGD) and recirculated seawater SGD (RSGD), to the entire Bay of Puck. Phosphate (PO43−) concentrations varied significantly among study sites and seasons, while both ammonium (NH4+) and nitrates (NO3−) concentrations varied only seasonally. The N:P ratio indicated P limitation in most of the samples. The estimated seasonal and annual loads, via SGD, of both dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN; 9303 t yr−1) and PO43− (950 t yr−1), were the most significant source of nutrients to the Bay of Puck, and notably higher than quantified before (FSGD nutrient loads of 50 t yr−1 and 56 t yr−1 for DIN and PO43−, respectively). The SGD fluxes reported here indicate some of the highest rates of sediment-water fluxes reported in the Baltic Sea. These results suggest that SGD (both FSGD and RSGD) should be considered as source of chemical substances to the marine environment.
    Źródło:
    Oceanologia; 2020, 62, 2; 117-125
    0078-3234
    Pojawia się w:
    Oceanologia
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Biogeochemistry of uranium in the Southern Baltic ecosystem
    Biogeochemia uranu w ekosystemie południowego Bałtyku
    Autorzy:
    Borylo, A.
    Skwarzec, B.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/85137.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013
    Wydawca:
    Akademia Pomorska w Słupsku
    Tematy:
    biogeochemistry
    uranium
    Southern Baltic
    aquatic ecosystem
    uranium isotope
    sediment
    surface water
    bottom water
    sea organism
    marine animal
    bird
    phosphogypsum stockpile
    Opis:
    The determination of uranium isotopes in different components of the Southern Baltic (sediments, soil, birds, river) is presented and discussed in this paper. The Baltic Sea is one of the most polluted water regions in the world. On the basis of the studies was found that the most important process of uranium geochemical migration in the Southern Baltic Sea ecosystem is the sedimentation of suspended material and the vertical diffusion from sediments into the bottom water. Considerable amounts of uranium isotopes are introduced into the Baltic waters together with annual inflows of saline and well-aerated waters from the North Sea. Also very high uranium concentrations are the result of weathering and erosional processes of the rocks (e.g. Sudetic rocks) which contain elevated natural concentrations of this radionuclide. Considerable amounts of uranium isotopes are introduced into the Baltic waters together with annual inflows from the Vistula and Oder rivers, also from saline and well-aerated waters from the North Sea. The results of many our studies confirm the significant role of human activities and phosphogypsum stockpile in Wiślinka as a source of these isotopes in southern Baltic.
    Migrację uranu zapoczątkowują procesy wietrzenia skał oraz erozja gleb. Uran wprowadzany jest do wody morskiej w różnorodnych postaciach geochemicznych, zawiesiny minerałów wietrzeniowych oraz w formie wolnych jonów U6+. Ważną rolę w migracji uranu w środowisku odgrywa również proces dyfuzji z osadów dennych, w których stwierdzono niższe stężenia uranu przy powierzchni niż w warstwach głębszych. Najważniejszym procesem geochemicznej migracji uranu w ekosystemie Południowego Bałtyku jest sedymentacja materiału lądowego i zawiesiny wiślanej oraz pionowa dyfuzja z osadów do wody przydennej za pośrednictwem wody porowej oraz zmian diagenetycznych zachodzących w osadach. Organizmy bałtyckie charakteryzuje bardzo małe powinowactwo do uranu. Źródłem uranu w bałtyckich organizmach roślinnych i zwierzęcych jest woda morska, nie zaś osad denny, o czym świadczą wartości ilorazu aktywności 234U/238U, które w tych organizmach wynoszą około 1,15 i są porównywalne do wartości charakteryzującej wodę morską i bałtycką (odpowiednio 1,18 i 1,17). Względną równowagę promieniotwórczą obserwuje się natomiast w osadach dennych Południowego Bałtyku, gdzie wartości stosunku aktywności są zbliżone do 1 (od 0,92 do 0,97, z wyjątkiem osadów dennych zebranych po powodzi w 1997 roku). W wodach przydennych i powierzchniowych Południowego Bałtyku wartości stosunku aktywności 234U/238U mieszczą się natomiast w przedziale od 1,18 do 1,20, co oznacza, że izotopy 234U i 238U nie występują w równowadze promieniotwórczej. Niższe wartości stosunku aktywności 234U/238U są natomiast charakterystyczne dla ptaków morskich (0,75-1,12). Stężenie uranu w ich narządach i tkankach maleje w szeregu: pozostałe trzewia > pióra > skóra > wątroba > szkielet > mięśnie. Bardzo istotnym zjawiskiem mającym wpływ na wielkość stężenia badanych radionuklidów w organizmach ptaków morskich jest pierzenie, w wyniku którego ptaki tracą znaczną część zawartych w ich organizmie radionuklidów. Część radionuklidów zawartych w piórach jest wbudowana w ich strukturę i pochodzi z organizmu ptaka, a część jest zaadsorbowana na ich powierzchni z atmosfery oraz nanoszona jest na nie wraz z wydzieliną gruczołu kuprowego podczas ich konserwacji. Badania pochodzenia uranu w piórach wykazały, że około 37% jego zawartości jest wbudowywane w nie z organizmu w czasie wzrostu, a ponad 67% jest zaadsorbowane na ich powierzchni i pochodzi głównie z powietrza. Wisła oraz Odra wraz z dopływami, jak też rzeki przymorza (Rega, Parsęta i Słupia), są ważnymi źródłami spływu uranu do Morza Bałtyckiego. Powierzchnia zlewni Wisły, Odry oraz rzek przymorza stanowi około 99% powierzchni Polski, zatem szacuje się, że z całego obszaru Polski wpływa tymi rzekami około 750 GBq izotopów uranu 234U i 238U. Wśród wielu innych źródeł izotopów promieniotwórczych, które stanowią pośrednie lub bezpośrednie zagrożenie skażeniem dla rzek i ekosystemu Południowego Bałtyku, za najważniejsze uznaje się kopalnie węgla kamiennego (np. Górnośląski Okręg Przemysłowy i Dolnośląskie Zagłębie Węgla) oraz działalność człowieka związaną z przemysłem metalurgicznym i jądrowym, spalaniem paliw kopalnych, stosowaniem nawozów fosforowych w rolnictwie, rafineriami ropy naftowej, testami i próbami broni nuklearnej, produkcją i przetwarzaniem prętów paliwowych, górniczych oraz hałd.
    Źródło:
    Baltic Coastal Zone. Journal of Ecology and Protection of the Coastline; 2013, 17
    1643-0115
    Pojawia się w:
    Baltic Coastal Zone. Journal of Ecology and Protection of the Coastline
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Benthic diffusive fluxes of organic and inorganic carbon, ammonium and phosphates from deep water sediments of the Baltic Sea
    Autorzy:
    Lengier, M.
    Szymczycha, B.
    Brodecka-Goluch, A.
    Klostowska, Z.
    Kulinski, K.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2078878.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
    Tematy:
    biogeochemistry
    benthic flux
    organic carbon
    organic matter
    remineralization
    dissolved organic carbon
    dissolved inorganic carbon
    ammonium
    phosphate
    oxygen availability
    deep water sediment
    Baltic Sea
    Opis:
    In this study, Baltic Sea sediments, as a source of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), dissolved organic carbon (DOC), ammonium (NH4 +), and phosphates (PO4 3−), were investigated based on samples obtained in 2017 and 2018, shortly after a sequence of inflows from the North Sea that occurred between 2014 and 2017. Two different data sets (I and II) were used to assess benthic diffusive fluxes and thus elucidate both the temporal conditions at the time of sampling (data set I) and the diffusion potential of the sediments (data set II). The estimated fluxes were characterized by a high spatial variability within the whole Baltic Sea and ranged between −0.01 and 3.33 mmol m−2 d−1 for DIC, −0.02 and 0.44 mmol m−2 d−1 for DOC, −40.5 and 1370.1 μmol m−2 d−1 for NH4 +, and −5.9 and 60.9 μmol m−2 d−1 for PO4 3−. The estimated benthic diffusive fluxes indicated a high potential for DIC, DOC, NH4 +, and PO4 3− release from Baltic Sea sediments. The high O2 concentrations in the water column of the Gulf of Bothnia together with major Baltic inflows (MBIs) bringing oxygenated seawater to the Baltic Proper and to some extent the Eastern Gotland Basin regulate the amounts of chemicals released from the sediment. Our study showed that a sequence of inflows has greater impact on the diminution of diffusive fluxes than does a single MBI and that the sediments of the Baltic Proper, even under the influence of inflows, are an important source of C, N, and P (159 kt yr−1 for DIC+DOC, 6.3
    Źródło:
    Oceanologia; 2021, 63, 3; 370-384
    0078-3234
    Pojawia się w:
    Oceanologia
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Comparison of mineral and organic nitrogen forms in regulated and restored sections of a small lowland river
    Autorzy:
    Zieliński, P.
    Jekatierynczuk-Rudczyk, E.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/207979.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
    Tematy:
    water resources
    banks
    biogeochemistry
    floods
    minerals
    nitrogen
    restoration
    rivers
    zasoby wodne
    zbiorniki wodne
    biogeochemia
    powodzie
    minerały
    azot
    renowacja koryta rzeki
    rzeki
    meandryzacja koryta rzeki
    regulacja rzeki
    Opis:
    The lower, ending part of a small lowland Rudnia River (RR) in NE Poland was restored in 1999 and transformed into a meandering river. In this study, a few years after the natural connection between the main channel and its historic floodplain was restored, we examined the impact of river channel restoration on nitrogen dynamics and its biogeochemistry. Data were collected over a period of a year at monthly intervals from two sections of the river located on the regulated and restored sections. Spatial and temporal variations in the occurrence of mineral (NH(+4), NO(-2), NO(-3) and organic forms of nitrogen were investigated. Much higher average concentrations of organic nitrogen forms were found in the water from the restored part of the river than in the regulated one. Mineral nitrogen contribution to the total nitrogen (TN) pool was the highest, and the total organic nitrogen (TON) to total inorganic nitrogen (TIN) ratio exceeded 2 mg•dm-3 in the restored river section. The seasonal trend in concentration of organic nitrogen forms for the restored section was higher and statistically significantly different from the data recorded at the regulated river section. Geological, hydrological, and biogeochemical factors caused elevated organic nitrogen concentrations in the water at the restored part. The most important environmental parameters for nitrogen dynamics are geological structure of river valley, formation and condition of river banks ecotone zone, and water retention time in the river channel. Results from this study suggest that properly restored lowland river floodplains can be effective nitrate sink for mineral forms of nitrogen.
    Źródło:
    Environment Protection Engineering; 2014, 40, 2; 33-46
    0324-8828
    Pojawia się w:
    Environment Protection Engineering
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-9 z 9

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