Temat: bid’a, - Katalog OPAC zbiorów

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Tytuł:: Między ‘ortodoksją’ a ‘herezją’: islam w północnej Nigerii
Between “Orthodoxy” and “Heresy”: Islam in Northern Nigeria
Autorzy:: Siwierska, Ewa
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/522712.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2016
Wydawca:: Uniwersytet Warszawski. Katedra Języków i Kultur Afryki. Polskie Towarzystwo Afrykanistyczne
Tematy:: Islam,
Nigeria,
bid’a,
takfir
Opis:: The development of the Muslim society in Northern Nigeria is often seen as a constant struggle of “scripturalist” Islam against allegedly “non-Islamic” influences. A person’s claim to Islam can be challenged on various levels. The most serious is takfir, a declaration that the supposed Muslim is guilty of kufr or unbelief. Another form of condemnation is tabdi´, the accusation of bid’a or “reprehensible innovation”. The third form of condemnation, weaker than either takfir or tabdi´, is accusation of fisq, that is immorality or sin in matters of belief. The question “who is a Muslim” has been a central point of conflict in Nigeria for centuries. In this article, I have shown that the tension between orthodox theology and popular religion will not be easily resolved.
Źródło:: Afryka; 2016, 43; 73-92
1234-0278
Pojawia się w:: Afryka
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Tytuł:: Wadium w postępowaniach o zamówienia publiczne : Zmiana przepisów od 2021 r.
Bid Bond in Public Procurement Procedures– Legal Regulations to be Introduced in the Year 2021.
Autorzy:: Padrak, Rafał
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2041436.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2020-08
Wydawca:: Najwyższa Izba Kontroli
Tematy:: wadium
formy wadium
oferta
zamówienia publiczne
Prawo zamówień publicznych
bid security
forms of a bid bond
offer
public procurement
public procurement law
Opis:: Wadium jest formą zabezpieczenia interesu prawnego zamawiającego. Ustanowienie go wzmacnia obowiązek zawarcia umowy przez wykonawcę, ponieważ gwarantuje zamawiającemu uzyskanie rekompensaty w razie wystąpienia przesłanek zatrzymania wadium. Stanowi ono również barierę finansową zapewniającą przystąpienie do przetargu jedynie podmiotom zainteresowanym zawarciem umowy i zdolnym do zrealizowania zamówienia. Od przyszłego roku zmienią się związane z tym przepisy.
Starting from 1st January 2021, the Act of 29th January 2004 Public Procurement Law will no longer be in force, and the Act of 11th September 2019 Public Procurement Law will come into force, which in a comprehensive way regulates the proceedings relat ed to public procurement. These proceedings may include the legal concept of a bid bond, defined as a set sum of money, or respective guarantee for its payment, being a prerequisite for a bidder to participate in the procurement proceedings. The reason for setting a bid bond by purchasers is to protect their interests. The notion of a bid bond was regulated in Article 45 and 46 of the currently binding act, and from the year 2021 the regulations related to bid bond will be set out in Articles 97 and 98 of the new Act. In order to facilitate the public procurement procedure, the Act of 2019 Public Procurement Law, to be in force soon, does not differentiate between an oblig atory and non-obligatory bid bond. The deadline for returning the bid bond, in other forms than monetary, has been clarified in the new law, too. New regulations have been also introduced with regard to the volume of bid bond, and the manner of its retaining. A single bid bond form was abandoned. In the new Public Procurement Law, a bid bond is non-obligatory only, and it lies with the purchasing party, whenever a bid bond is foreseen in the proceedings. If it is foreseen, the provision and retaining of a bid bond over the time of the proceeding is a prerequisite for entering and participating in the public procurement procedure. The obligation to provide a bid bond on time lies with the contractor, and it should be provided before the deadline for submitting the offer. It means that a bid bond can be foreseen only in those proceedings where the contractor submits the offer, which excludes a bid bond being set in free proceedings. The volume of bid bond depends, as set out in the Law on Public Procurement of 2019, on the value of the order. In the case of orders that are lower than the Union’s threshold, the volume of bid bond cannot exceed 1.5 percent of the purchase value, while in other cases – 3 percent. The reasons for returning the bid bond ex officio include: (1) expiry of the deadline until which the offer is binding; (2) concluding a public procurement offer; (3) an nulation of the proceeding, except for a situation when an appeal has not been set for annulation, or the deadline for appeal has not been exceeded. A bid bond repayment is possible if: (1) an offer has been withdrawn before the deadline for offers submission; (2) an offer has been rejected; (3) after the most beneficial offer has been selected – to the contractor whose offer has not been selected; (4) after the procedure has been annulled, except for cases when an appeal for annulation has not settled, or when the deadline for its submission has not expired. A bid bond should be returned no later than within seven days from the date of the circumstances listed above. A bid bond submitted in cash should be returned in cash, while non-monetary bid bonds – by pro viding the guarantor with a declaration of will about the bid bond release. A bid bond return is not possible if some reasons for its retaining exist, i.e.: (1) when the contracting party fails to provide appropriate documents or declarations required by the purchaser; (2) a consent for correcting mistakes in an offer has not been given, in the case of mistakes other than obvious spelling or calculation mistakes; (3) a refusal to sign a contract on public procurement; (4) a failure to provide the required guar antee to perform the contact by the contractor with whom the contract is concluded. Retention of a cash bid bond denotes that the money on their bank account becomes their ownership. In the case of a non-cash bid bond, a bid bond retention means that the guarantor demands the bid bond value to be aid.
Źródło:: Kontrola Państwowa; 2020, 65, 4 (393); 124-148
0452-5027
Pojawia się w:: Kontrola Państwowa
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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Tytuł:: Key Legislative and Jurisprudential Developments of Polish Antitrust Law in 2011Key Legislative and Jurisprudential Developments of Polish Antitrust Law in 2011
Autorzy:: Jurkowska-Gomułka, Agata
Powiązania:: https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/530065.pdf
Data publikacji:: 2012-11-30
Wydawca:: Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwo Naukowe Wydziału Zarządzania
Tematy:: abuse of a dominant position
anticompetitive agreements
antitrust case law
antitrust legislation
bid-rigging
common competition rule of the EU
group exemption
fines
Regulation 1/2003
relevant market
resale price maintanance
R&D agreement
specialisation agreement
Opis:: The article presents key developments in Polish antitrust legislation and jurisprudence of 2011. Its legislative part focuses on the renewal of Polish Group Exemption Regulations for vertical agreements, specialization and R&D agreements as well as cooperation agreements in the insurance sector. Noted is also the sole amendment of the Competition Act introduced in 2011 which concerns the financial liability of the Polish competition authority. The article covers also the new Guidelines of the UOKiK President on the criteria and procedures of merger notifications. Presented in its jurisprudential part is a number of 2011 rulings, mainly those rendered by the Supreme Court and the Court of Appeals, divided according to their subject matter with respect to particular types of restrictive practices and other problems related to the decision-making process of the UOKiK President.
Cet article présente les développements principaux relatifs à la législation et jurisprudence antitrust polonaise en 2011. La partie législative de l'article se concentre sur le renouvellement de la réglementation portant sur l'exemption collectif des accords verticaux, ceux relatifs à la spécialisation et R&D, ainsi que les accords de coopération dans le secteur des assurances. De plus, l'article mentionne un seul amendement à la Loi sur la concurrence. Les directives délivrées par le Président du Bureau de la concurrence et protection des consommateurs (UOKiK) en Pologne sur des critères et des procédures relatives à la notification d'une concentration à une autorité nationale de la concurrence sont y également brièvement décrites. Dans la partie sur la jurisprudence, l'article présente les décisions, surtout celles de la Cour suprême et de la Cour d'appel, qui sont divisées selon leur objet en faisant référence à des types particuliers de pratiques restrictives et d'autres problèmes liés au processus de la prise de décision par le Président de l’UOKiK.
Źródło:: Yearbook of Antitrust and Regulatory Studies; 2012, 5(7); 191-212
1689-9024
2545-0115
Pojawia się w:: Yearbook of Antitrust and Regulatory Studies
Dostawca treści:: Biblioteka Nauki

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