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    Wyświetlanie 1-14 z 14
    Tytuł:
    Rywalizacja polityczna o Białoruś w latach 1917–1919 między białoruskimi socjalistami a bolszewikami. Powstanie Białoruskiej Socjalistycznej Republiki Radzieckiej
    THE POLITICAL RIVALRY FOR BELARUS BETWEEN BELARUSIAN SOCIALISTS AND BOLSHEVIKS IN 1917-1919. THE ESTABLISHMENT OF THE SOCIALIST SOVIET REPUBLIC OF BELARUS
    Autorzy:
    Michaluk, Dorota
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2153620.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2022-12-12
    Wydawca:
    National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. The Institute of History of Ukraine
    Tematy:
    Belarusian national movement
    Belarusian People's Republic
    the Socialist Soviet Republic of Belarus
    Opis:
    The aim of the article is to study the peculiarities of the rivalry between Bolsheviks and Belarusian socialists for the future of the Belarusian lands in 1918-1920. The research methodology is based on the principles of scholarship, historicism, systematism and historical analysis. The scientific novelty of the results of this study lies in the reconstruction of the events related to the creation of the Socialist Soviet Republic of Belarus. Conclusions: At the end of World War I, after the February Revolution, the process of formation of an independent Belarusian state by Belarusian socialists began. Although the Belarusian People's Republic was proclaimed on March 25, 1918, Belarusians did not manage to create their own state. It was determined by many internal and external factors. One of them being the political and territorial aspirations of the Bolsheviks and a rivalry between them and the Belarusian socialists for the future of the Belarusian lands. Conclusions: Belarusians, and therefore the Belarusian national movement, found themselves in a specific situation during the war. In the years 1915-1918, the Belarusian lands were divided by the Russian-German front line. As a result, military and civilians from the depths of Russia came to the frontier zone. After the February Revolution, the Russian army in the Western District and the Front began to become strongly politicized, focusing on various political and national programs. Belarusian socialists, including the military, gathered in the Central Belarusian Military Council opted for the creation of a Belarusian republic, first in a federation with Russia, and soon (after the Bolshevik coup) they leaned towards its independence. The military Bolsheviks were in favor of the incorporation of Belarusian lands into Russia as the West District. The conflict of interest between the Belarusian socialists and the Russian Bolsheviks was revealed at the All-Belarusian Congress held in Minsk in December, when Congress was brutally dispersed by the military Bolsheviks. The aspirations of the Belarusian socialists and position of the Belarusian communists were determined, among others, by the creation of the Socialist Soviet Republic of Belarus proclaimed twice on January 1, 1919 and July 31, 1920 just before the offensive against Warsaw. It was supported by Soviet Russia as a counterbalance to the activities of the Belarusian independence camp and Polish influence in Belarus.
    Źródło:
    The International Relations of Ukraine: Scientific Searches and Findings; 2022, 31; 255-284
    2411-345X
    2415-7198
    Pojawia się w:
    The International Relations of Ukraine: Scientific Searches and Findings
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Беларускi сенатар Польшчы Вячаслаў Багдановiч
    Vyacheslav Bogdanovich Belarusian senator in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth
    Autorzy:
    Łabyncew, Jurij
    Szczawinskaja, Łarysa
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2131031.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet w Białymstoku. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu w Białymstoku
    Tematy:
    Belarusian national movement
    Belarusian literature
    Orthodoxy
    the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth
    Vyacheslav Bogdanovich
    Opis:
    The article discusses life and work of Vyacheslav Bogdanovich (1878–1939/1940?), an outstanding figure of Belarusian national movement, a senator of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. The son of a Belarusian Orthodox priest, he became one of the most recognized intellectual leaders of his nation, a talented writer, a skilled polemicist and a politician. V. Bogdanovich is the author of many different works. Special attention is paid to his articles devoted to the poetry of Yanka Kupala and Yakub Kolas as well as hagiographic studies related to the mission of the Orthodox patrons of Belarus – Anthony, John and Eustafij. The problem of autocephaly of the Orthodox Church in Poland, which became disastrous for V. Bogdanovich, affected all aspects of his multilateral activities. It also had a direct impact on his description of such topics as “Belarusian spiritual heritage”, “languages of the Orthodox Church”, “the people and the intelligentsia”, “the church and the state”. The last days of V. Bogdanovich’s life were tragic. He was released from Polish detention in September 1939, less than a month later he was arrested in Vilnus by the NKVD and went missing.
    Źródło:
    Białorutenistyka Białostocka; 2021; 281-312
    2081-2515
    Pojawia się w:
    Białorutenistyka Białostocka
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    „Sprawy białoruskie” na łamach „Dziennika Mińskiego” z lat 1917–1918
    „Belarusian Matters” on the Pages of „Dziennik Miński” in 1917–1918
    Autorzy:
    Korzeniowski, Mariusz
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/33770823.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2022
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej
    Tematy:
    „Dziennik Miński”
    Belarusian national movement
    Belarus
    Belarusians
    Minsk
    białoruski ruch narodowy
    Białoruś
    Białorusini
    Mińsk
    Opis:
    Praca niniejsza stanowi próbę przybliżenia treści publikacji zamieszczanych na łamach wychodzącego w latach 1917–1918 „Dziennika Mińskiego”, w których niemal na bieżąco odnoszono się do tzw. spraw białoruskich. Terminem tym posłużono się w celu zdefiniowania szerokiego spectrum zagadnień dotyczących m.in. sytuacji wewnętrznej na ziemiach białoruskich, stosunku Białorusinów do Polaków, a zwłaszcza aspiracji narodowego ruchu białoruskiego.
    This paper is an attempt to present the content of publications published in 1917–1918 in „Dziennik Miński”, which dealt with so-called Belarusian issues on an almost daily basis. The term was used to define a wide range of issues including the internal situation in the Belarusian lands, the attitude of Belarusians towards Poles, and especially the aspirations of the Belarusian national movement.
    Źródło:
    Res Historica; 2022, 54; 337-354
    2082-6060
    Pojawia się w:
    Res Historica
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Некаторыя моманты беларускага нацыянальнага руху ў лёсе Фёдара Вернiкоўскага: самаацэнка i ацэнка паплечнiкаў
    O niektórych momentach białoruskiego ruchu narodowego w świetle losów Fiodora Wernikowskiego: samoocena i ocena współtowarzyszy
    Some stages of the Belarusian national movement in the fate of Fyodor Vernikovski: the self-assessment and assessment of close associates
    Autorzy:
    Лабынцаў, Юрый
    Шчавiнская, Ларыса
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2109087.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet w Białymstoku. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu w Białymstoku
    Tematy:
    Fiodor Wernikowski
    białoruski ruch narodowy
    cerkiew prawosławna
    II Rzeczpospolita
    Fyodor Vernikovsky
    Belarusian national movement
    Orthodox Church
    Interwar Poland
    Opis:
    Artykuł poświęcono jednemu z mniej znanych obecnie przywódców białoruskiego ruchu narodowego Fiodorowi Wernikowskiemu. Mniej lub bardziej szczegółowa ocena jego działalności, którą przeprowadził sam Wernikowski, jak również jego towarzysze broni stała się kanwą niniejszego artykułu. W analizie wykorzystano również inne źródła dokumentalne, związane z Wernikowskim i jego najbliższym otoczeniem.
    The article is devoted to a little-known leader of the Belarusian national movement Fyodor Vernikovsky. The author of the article focuses on detailed evaluation of his activity made by Vernikovsky himself and his close associates. In the analysis other documentary sources related to Vernikovsky and people around him within years were used.
    Źródło:
    Białorutenistyka Białostocka; 2015; 161-179
    2081-2515
    Pojawia się w:
    Białorutenistyka Białostocka
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Некаторыя моманты беларускага нацыянальнага руху ў лёсе Фёдара Вернiкоўскага: самаацэнка i ацэнка паплечнiкаў
    O niektórych momentach białoruskiego ruchu narodowego w świetle losów Fiodora Wernikowskiego: samoocena i ocena współtowarzyszy
    Some stages of the Belarusian national movement in the fate of Fyodor Vernikovski: the self-assessment and assessment of close associates
    Autorzy:
    Лабынцаў, Юрый
    Шчавiнская, Ларыса
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/944728.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet w Białymstoku. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu w Białymstoku
    Tematy:
    Fyodor Vernikovsky
    Belarusian national movement
    Orthodox Church
    the interwar Poland
    fiodor wernikowski
    białoruski ruch narodowy
    cerkiew prawosławna
    ii rzeczpospolita
    Opis:
    Artykuł poświęcono jednemu z mniej znanych obecnie przywódców białoruskiego ruchu narodowego Fiodorowi Wernikowskiemu. Mniej lub bardziej szczegółowa ocena jego działalności, którą przeprowadził sam Wernikowski, jak również jego towarzysze broni stała się kanwą niniejszego artykułu. W analizie wykorzystano również inne źródła dokumentalne, związane z Wernikowskim i jego najbliższym otoczeniem.
    The article is devoted to a little-known leader of the Belarusian national movement Fyodor Vernikovsky. The author of the article focuses on detailed evaluation of his activity made by Vernikovsky himself and his close associates. In the analysis other documentary sources related to Vernikovsky and people around him within years were used.
    Źródło:
    Białorutenistyka Białostocka; 2015, 7; 161-179
    2081-2515
    Pojawia się w:
    Białorutenistyka Białostocka
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    «Беларуская санацыя» ў Польшчы (1928–1937): паміж канфрантацыяй і лаяльнасцю
    „Sanacja białoruska” w Polsce (1927–1937): między konfrontacją a lojalnością
    “Belarusian sanation” in Poland (1928–1937): between confrontation and loyality
    Autorzy:
    Горны, Аляксандр
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/437006.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydział Lingwistyki Stosowanej. Katedra Studiów Interkulturowych Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej
    Tematy:
    białoruski ruch narodowy
    Zachodnia Białoruś
    Polska międzywojenna
    „białoruska sanacja”
    grupa Łuckiewicza-Ostrowskiego
    Belarusian national movement
    Western Belarus
    interwar Poland
    “Belarusian sanation”
    Luckievič-Astroŭski group
    Opis:
    W okresie międzywojennym w białoruskim ruchu narodowym na zachodniej Białorusi w Polsce istniało wiele prądów politycznych. Wśród nich była „białoruska sanacja” („grupa Łuckiewicza-Ostrowskiego”), która powstała po zdelegalizowaniu przez władze polskie Białoruskiej Włościańsko-Robotniczej Hromady. Przedstawiciele „białoruskiej sanacji” postulowali porzucenie radykalnej walki politycznej i rozpoczęcie poszukiwania kompromisu z władzami polskimi w celu zachowania istniejących białoruskich organizacji kulturalnych i oświatowych. Takie poglądy wyznawały m.in. organizacje Centrasajuz i Towarzystwo Białoruskiej Oświaty. Jednocześnie „białoruska sanacja” była dość krytycznie ustosunkowana wobec polityki polonizacyjnej i występowała w roli „konstruktywnej opozycji” wobec władz polskich. Przyczyną upadku „białoruskiej sanacji” były wewnętrzne nieporozumienia między przywódcami tego obozu politycznego.
    A number of political trends existed in the Belarusian national movement in Western Belarus in Poland in the interwar period. One such political trend was the “Belarusian sanation” (“Luckievič-Astroŭski group”), which arose after the Polish authorities dissolved the Belarusian Peasants Workers Hramada. Followers of the “Belarusian sanation” proposed to abandon the radical political struggle and begin a search for a compromise with the Polish authorities to preserve the existing Belarusian cultural and educational organizations. Based on these ideas, such organizations as Centrasajuz and the Belarusian Education’s Association were created. At the same time, the “Belarusian sanation” was quite critical of polonization policy and acted as a “constructive opposition” towards the Polish authorities. The reason for the decline of the “Belarusian sanation” was internal disagreement among the leaders of this political direction.
    Źródło:
    Przegląd Środkowo-Wschodni; 2019, 4; 91-115
    2545-1324
    Pojawia się w:
    Przegląd Środkowo-Wschodni
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Białoruś i jej mieszkańcy w latach I wojny światowej w świetle wspomnień
    Autorzy:
    Korzeniowski, Mariusz
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/625016.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej
    Tematy:
    Belarusians, First World War, memoirs, national consciousness, Belarusian national movement
    historia Białorusi, Białorusini, I wojna światowa, wspomnienia
    гісторыя Беларусі, беларусы, першая сусветная вайна, успаміны
    Opis:
    During the First World War, Belarus and its inhabitants became a recurrent subject in memories and memoirs alike. The observations and attempts at the assessment of events in the nearer and further perspective undertaken on an ongoing basis since the end of the Great War are of various cognitive value. It is worth noting that their authors originated not only from the local population, but could also be newcomers from the Polish lands. For the latter, the clash with Belarusian reality and society constituted an opportunity for a number of observations, including those concerning various aspects of human existence, mentality, culture and work. The reflections contained in this article, based on subjectively selected memoirs, constitute an attempt to present the conclusions of the authors of said memoirs regarding the attitudes of the residents of Belarusian governorates, the national consciousness of Belarusians, or several aspects of their political activity during the First World War. These observations have high cognitive value, as they define the distinctive traits of the local population, and assess their behavior during the war. The study also shows that Belarus and its inhabitants did not constitute a significant issue for the authors of the memoirs analyzed. The evolution of the Belarusian national movement was discussed therein only occasionally.
    Białoruś i jej mieszkańcy w latach I wojny światowej stali się jednym z tematów wypełniających wspomnienia i pamiętniki. Obserwacje, podejmowane – w bliższej lub dalszej perspektywie od zakończenia Wielkiej Wojny – próby oceny zachodzących zdarzeń posiadają różny walor poznawczy. Warto zwrócić uwagę, że ich autorzy wywodzili się nie tylko z ludności miejscowej, ale także przybywali z ziem polskich. Dla tych ostatnich zetknięcie się z białoruską rzeczywistością i społeczeństwem niosło możliwość dokonania szeregu obserwacji, m.in. dotyczących: różnych aspektów ludzkiej egzystencji, mentalności, kultury czy pracy. Przedmiotem rozważań, prowadzonych na podstawie subiektywnie dobranych wspomnień, będzie próba przedstawienia dokonanych przez ich autorów obserwacji, a więc oceny postaw mieszkańców guberni białoruskich, świadomości narodowej Białorusinów czy postrzeganie niektórych aspektów ich działalności politycznej w latach I wojny światowej. Poczynione obserwacje mają ważny walor poznawczy. Pozwalają zapoznać się z charakterystyką miejscowej ludności, wypełniających wspomnienia i pamiętniki. Obserwacje, podejmowane – w bliższej lub dalszej perspektywie od zakończenia Wielkiej Wojny – próby oceny zachodzących zdarzeń posiadają różny walor poznawczy. Warto zwrócić uwagę, że ich autorzy wywodzili się nie tylko z ludności miejscowej, ale także przybywali z ziem polskich. Dla tych ostatnich zetknięcie się z białoruską rzeczywistością i społeczeństwem niosło możliwość dokonania szeregu obserwacji, m.in. dotyczących: różnych aspektów ludzkiej egzystencji, mentalności, kultury czy pracy. Przedmiotem a zarazem ich oceną formułowaną w latach I wojny światowej.
    Беларусь і яе насельніцтва ў перыяд першай сусветнай вайны cталіса адной з папулярных тэм тагачасных успамінаў і дзённікаў. Назіранні, спробы непасрэднай ацэнкіздарэнняў, што адбываліся адразу пасля вялікай вайны ці трохі пазней, характарызуюццарозным пазнавальным узроўнем. Варта звярнуць увагу на тое, што іх аўтарамі былі нетолькі выхадцы з аўтахтоннага насельніцтва, але таксама і прышэльцы з польскіх земляў.Для польскіх бежанцаў сутыкненне з беларускай рэальнасцю і мясцовым насельніцтвамдавала магчымасць назнаёміцца з рознымі аспектaмі чалавечага жыцця, ментальнасці,культуры і дзейнасці. Прадметам даследавання, якое абапіраецца на матэрыялесуб’ектыўна выбраных аўтарам успамінаў, з’яўляецца спроба прадстаўлення назіранняўсведкаў, то бок ацэнкі пункту погляду жыхароў беларускіх губерняў, нацыянальнайсвядомасці беларусаў, успрымання некаторых аспектаў іх палітычнай дзейнасці ў перыядпершай сусветнай вайны. З разваг паўстае карціна, з якой вынікае, што Беларусь і яежыхары не былі непасрэдным прадметам зацікаўлення аўтараў успамінаў. Нягледзячы нагэта назіранні сведкаў і так прыносяць каштоўную інфармацыю. Дазваляюць пазнаёміццаз характарыстыкай аўтахтоннага насельніцтва і іх ацэнкай, з якой вынікае, што часткааўтараў успамінаў не разумее палітычных імкненняў беларусаў у так істотным для іхгісторыі перыядзе, якім з’яўляліся гады першай сусветнай вайны.
    Źródło:
    Studia Białorutenistyczne; 2018, 12
    1898-0457
    Pojawia się w:
    Studia Białorutenistyczne
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Odtwarzanie dziejów i kreacja legendy. Współczesna pamięć o Białoruskiej Włościańsko-Robotniczej Hromadzie a proces formowania tradycji historycznej i tożsamości narodowej Białorusinów
    Autorzy:
    Wysocki, Roman
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/607583.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej
    Tematy:
    the Belarusian Peasants’ and Workers’ Union (Hramada)
    Belarusian national movement
    historical tradition
    Belarusians in the Second Polish Republic
    Białoruska Włościańsko-Robotnicza Hromada
    Białoruś
    tradycja historyczna
    pamięć historyczna
    Opis:
    The paper discusses the issues of the Belarusian Peasants’ and Workers’ Union (Hramada) in modern Belarusian historical traditions. The Hramada had existed very briefly (1926–1927), but in a very short period of time lots of Belarusians had joined it. Because of its great popularity, the Hramada was the most influential party in the history of the Belarusian national movement. Despite its extreme-left social and political orientation, in the Soviet historiography that party had never been described as the communist one. That kind of the attitude is also employed by present Belarusian official state ideology. But the past of the formation, that had left a mark on the biography of the majority of Belarusian nationalists in the Second Polish Republic, is not the piece of the Belarusian historical memories yet.
    W artykule zostały omówione kwestie dotyczące obecności Białoruskiej Włościańsko-Robotniczej Hromady we współczesnej białoruskiej tradycji historycznej. Partia ta, choć na scenie politycznej istniała bardzo krótko (1926–1927), była ewenementem w historii białoruskiego ruchu politycznego. W bardzo krótkim czasie pociągnęła za sobą wielotysięczne masy ludności białoruskiej. Pomimo skrajnie lewicowego programu w historiografii radzieckiej nie została potraktowana jako partia komunistyczna, dlatego przekaz o jej istnieniu był bardzo schematyczny i skąpy. Do wzorców tych nawiązuje współczesne państwo białoruskie. Powoduje to, że wiedza o formacji, która odcisnęła piętno na życiorysie większości białoruskich działaczy narodowych w II Rzeczypospolitej, nie jest domeną dominującego na Białorusi nurtu pamięci historycznej.
    Źródło:
    Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Skłodowska, sectio F – Historia; 2016, 71
    0239-4251
    Pojawia się w:
    Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Skłodowska, sectio F – Historia
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Polskie Państwo Podziemne wobec propozycji rozmów polsko-białoruskich w latach 1941–1944
    Autorzy:
    Wysocki, Roman
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/624796.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej
    Tematy:
    Polish Underground State, Polish-Belarusian talks, Belarusian national movement, Radaslaŭ Astroŭski, Vaclaŭ Ivanoŭski
    Polskie Państwo Podziemne, rozmowy polsko-białoruskie, białoruski ruch narodowy, Radosław Ostrowski, Wacław Iwanowski
    Польская падпольная дзяржава, польска-беларускія перамовы, нацыянальны рух, Радаслаў Астроўскі, Вацлаў Іваноўскі, Ян Станкевіч
    Opis:
    This paper gives an account of the talks between the Polish Underground State and members of the Belarusian political communities over the years 1941–1944. Following the attack of the Third Reich on the Soviet Union, the Belarusians found themselves under German occupation, which had an impact both on the Polish Underground State structures and the Belarusian resistance movement. Convinced that the Third Reich was bound to fail, the two organisations should have allied themselves with each other on the premise of common objectives. Were they, however, able to break the deadlock on mutual animosity, distrust, bias, belittling and disparaging? The answer to that question lies in the remaining source material. Upon analysis of archival documents, it is possible to state that the Polish Underground State did not consider the Belarusian resistance movement as a potential partner for cooperation. The Poles maintained a rigid stance on the issue of pre-war borders, which determined the character of the dialogue between the Polish Underground and the Belarusian political environment. They also largely underestimated the resources of the Belarusian resistance, which might have played a key role in reversing the situation in the region. A group of Belarusian activists were persistent in their attempts to contact the Polish Underground State nevertheless. These were Vaclaŭ Ivanoŭski, Jan Stankievič, and Radaslaŭ Astroŭski. However, the talks were low-level and conducted on an irregular basis, and their character was exploratory rather than focusing on particular problems. They were thus futile from the very beginning. Improving Polish-Belarusian relations in the course of the war was an enormous challenge which neither of the parties could cope with, and which ultimately determined the fate of both nations in the post-war period.
    Tematem artykułu są rozmowy prowadzone przez Polskie Państwo Podziemne z członkami białoruskich środowisk politycznych w latach 1941–1944. Po ataku III Rzeszy na ZSRR obszary zamieszkane przez Białorusinów znalazły się pod okupacją niemiecką. Zmieniło to sytuację zarówno działających na tym terenie struktur Polskiego Państwa Podziemnego, jak też białoruskiego ruchu narodowego. Przekonanie o nieuniknionej przegranej III Rzeszy powinno było rodzić świadomość wspólnoty celów. Czy potrafiono jednak wyjść z wcześniejszego impasu wzajemnych animozji, niedowierzań, uprzedzeń, lekceważenia i niedoceniania?. By uzyskać odpowiedź na to pytanie należy sięgnąć do zachowanego materiału źródłowego. Analiza dokumentów archiwalnych pozwala jednoznaczne stwierdzić, że Polskie Państwo Podziemne nie traktowało białoruskiego ruchu narodowego jako poważnego partnera. Jego członkowie stali na stanowisku utrzymania przedwojennych granic, co determinowało charakter prowadzonych rozmów. Nie doceniano też zaplecza białoruskiego ruchu narodowego, które mogło odegrać kluczową rolę w zmianie sytuacji politycznej w regionie. Mimo to grupka działaczy białoruskich stała na stanowisku porozumieniu z Polakami (Wacław Iwanowski, Jan Stankiewicz, Radosław Ostrowski), poszukiwała kontaktów z Polskim Państwem Podziemnym. Rozmowy miały charakter nieregularnych wymian zdań, prowadzonych na niskim szczeblu, raczej sondażowych niż problemowych. Takie podejście skazywało je na porażkę i sprawiło, że ułożenie relacji polsko-białoruskich w warunkach wojennych okazało się wyzwaniem, które przerosło obie strony, a także zaważyło na losach obu narodów po II wojnie światowej.
    Тэмай дадзенага артыкула з’ яўляюцца перамовы, якія праводзіліся паміж Польскай падпольнай дзяржавай і членамі беларускіх палітычных суполак у перыяд 1941–1944 гг. Пасля нападзення Трэцяга рэйха на СССР тэрыторыі, на якіх пражывалі беларусы, трапілі пад нямецкую акупацыю. Гэта паўплывала як на дзейнасць Польскай падпольнай дзяржавы, так і на беларускі нацыянальны рух. Перакананне пра непазбежнае паражэнне Трэцяга рэйха павінна было прывесці да ўсведамлення агульнай мэты. Ці змаглі, аднак, зразумець польскі і беларускі бакі, што знаходзіліся ў тупіку ўзаемных варожасці, недаверу, прадузятасці, пагарды, недаацэньвання? Адказ на гэтае пытанне трэба шукаць у архіўных матэрыялах. Аналіз дакументаў дазволіў нам адназначна сцвердзіць, што Польская падпольная дзяржава не ставілася да беларускага нацыянальнага руху як да сапраўднага партнёра. Яе члены лічылі, што неабходна вярнуць даваенныя межы, што абумоўлівала характар усіх перагавораў з беларускім бокам. Неадпаведна быў ацэнены рэзерв беларускага нацыянальнага руху, які мог сыграць асноўную ролю ў змене палітычнага становішча ў рэгіёне. Нягледзячы на гэта група беларускіх дзеячоў была зацікаўлена пагадненнем з палякамі (Вацлаў Іваноўскі, Ян Станкевіч, Радаслаў Астроўскі) і спрабавала наладзіць зносіны з Польскай падпольнай дзяржавай. Гэтыя кантакты аднак не мелі рэгулярнага характару, праводзіліся на нізкім узроўні і з’ яўляліся хутчэй зборам інфармацыі, чым праблемнай дыскусіяй. Па прычыне такога падыходу загаддзя было вядома, што перамовы скончацца паразай. Узровень кантактаў сведчыў пра тое, што наладзіць польска-беларускія адносіны ў ваенных умовах было выклікам, які перавысіў магчымасці абодвух бакоў, а пасля другой сусветнай вайны паўплываў на лёс абодвух народаў
    Źródło:
    Studia Białorutenistyczne; 2019, 13
    1898-0457
    Pojawia się w:
    Studia Białorutenistyczne
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Białoruski ruch narodowy w szkołach prawosławnych w Polsce w latach 20-tych XX wieku
    Autorzy:
    Gornyj, Aleksandr
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/624880.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej
    Tematy:
    Belarusian national movement
    Western Belarus
    interwar Poland
    Orthodox Church
    Vilnius Theological Seminary
    Belarusization
    białoruski ruch narodowy
    Zachodnia Białoruś
    Polska międzywojenna
    cerkiew
    seminarium duchowne w Wilnie
    białorutenizacja
    беларускі нацыянальны рух
    Заходняя Беларусь
    міжваенная Польшча
    Праваслаўная царква
    Віленская духоўная семінарыя
    беларусізацыя
    Opis:
    The Belarusian national movement in interwar Poland significantly increased its influence on various aspects of social and cultural life, including the Orthodox Church in the 1920s. In the socio-political discourse of the Belarusian minority in Poland the Belarusization of the Orthodox Church and its institutions was actively discussed. One of the main conditions of this process was the expansion of the Belarusian Orthodox component in education, especially in the Vilnius Seminary and at the Theological Faculty of the University of Warsaw, the goal being to bring up a new generation of Belarusian priests. The influence of the Belarusian national movement in these institutions was reflected in the participation of teachers and students in the Belarusian political life, the teaching of the Belarusian language, the creation of Belarusian groups and creative teams.
    Białoruski ruch narodowy w Polsce międzywojennej znacznie zwiększył swój wpływ na różne aspekty życia społecznego i kulturalnego, w tym na Cerkiew prawosławną. W dyskursie społeczno-politycznym białoruskiej mniejszości narodowej w Polsce aktywnie dyskutowano nad białorutenizacją Cerkwi i jej instytucji. Jednym z głównych warunków tego procesu była ekspansja białoruskiego składnika w szkołach prawosławnych w celu kształtowania nowej generacji białoruskich księży prawosławnych, głównie w seminarium w Wilnie oraz na Wydziale Teologicznym Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego. Wpływ białoruskiego ruchu narodowego w tych instytucjach znalazł odzwierciedlenie w udziale nauczycieli i uczniów w białoruskim życiu politycznym, nauczaniu języka białoruskiego, tworzeniu białoruskich grup i zespołów twórczych.
    У 1920–ыя гады беларускі нацыянальны рух у міжваеннай Польшчы значна пашырыў свой уплыў на розныя сферы грамадскага і культурнага жыцця, у тым ліку і на Праваслаўную царкву. У грамадска-палітычным дыскурсе беларускай меншасці Польшчы актыўна абмяркоўвалася пытанне пра беларусізацыю Праваслаўнай царквы і яе інстытутаў. Адным з галоўных варункаў гэтага працэсу з’яўлялася пашырэнне беларускага кампанента ў праваслаўных навучальных установах з мэтай выхавання новага пакалення беларускіх праваслаўных святароў, асабліва ў Віленскай духоўнай семінарыі і на багаслоўскім факультэце Варшаўскага ўніверсітэта. Уздзеянне беларускага нацыянальнага руху на гэтыя ўстановы выяўлялася ва ўдзеле выкладчыкаў і навучэнцаў у беларускім палітычным жыцці, выкладанні беларускай мовы, арганізацыі беларускіх кружкоў і творчых калектываў.
    Źródło:
    Studia Białorutenistyczne; 2016, 10
    1898-0457
    Pojawia się w:
    Studia Białorutenistyczne
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Mniejszość bez reprezentacji... Kwestia przedstawicieli środowisk białoruskich w Radzie Narodowej Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej w latach 1939–1945
    Autorzy:
    Wysocki, Roman
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2081354.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej
    Tematy:
    National Council of the Republic of Poland
    Polish-Belarusian relations
    Belarusians in the years of World War II
    Belarusian national movement
    Rada Narodowa Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej
    stosunki polsko-białoruskie
    Białorusini w latach II wojny światowej
    białoruski ruch narodow
    Нацыянальная Рада Рэспублікі Польшча
    польска-беларускія адносі- ны
    беларусы ў гады ІІ сусветнай вайны
    беларускі нацыянальны рух
    Opis:
    W artykule omówiono próby poszerzenia Rady Narodowej Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej o przedstawicieli ludności białoruskiej w latach 1939-1945. Wspomniany organ powstał w grudniu 1939 r. jako ciało opiniujące działalność Prezydenta i Rządu RP. Wprowadzenie do jego składu reprezentantów Białorusinów miało być aktem traktowania ich jako równoprawnych współobywateli oraz potwierdzeniem trwania władz polskich na uchodźstwie na stanowisku nienaruszalności granicy wschodniej państwa polskiego. Wobec braku szerszego poparcia politycznego dla inicjatywy ze strony ówczesnych polskich partii politycznych i niekonsekwencji działań Rządu RP wszystkie próby wyłonienia przedstawicieli ludności białoruskiej i ściągnięcia ich do Londynu kończyły się porażką. Sposób realizacji planu odsłaniał charakter polityki narodowościowej Rządu RP na uchodźstwie w latach 1939-1945. Niewprowadzenie przedstawiciela Białorusinów do Rady Narodowej RP skutkowało dalekosiężnymi następstwami i miało bezpośredni wpływ na losy regionu i jego mieszkańców.
    The following article discusses the attempts to expand the National Council of the Republic of Poland by introducing representatives of the Belarusian population in the years 1939-1945. The aforementioned structure was established in December 1939 as an opinion authority on the activities of the President and the government of the Republic of Poland. The introduction of representatives of Belarusians into its composition was supposed to be an act of treating them as equal fellow citizens and confirmation of the persistence of the Polish authorities-in-exile on the position of inviolability of the eastern border of the Polish state. In the absence of wider political support for the initiative from the Polish political parties of the time and the inconsistency of the actions of the Polish government, all attempts to select representatives of the Belarusian population and bring them to London ended in failure. The way the plan was implemented revealed the nature of the national policy of the Polish Government-in-Exile in the years 1939-1945. Failure to introduce Belarusian representatives onto the National Council of the Republic of Poland resulted in far-reaching consequences and had a direct impact on the fate of the region and its inhabitants.
    У артыкуле разглядаюцца спробы ўвесці ў склад Нацыянальнай Рады Рэспублікі Польшчы прадстаўнікоў беларускага насельніцтва ў 1939–1945 гадах. Згаданая рада ўзнікла ў снежні 1939 г. як орган, які дае заключэнні аб дзейнасці прэзідэнта і ўрадa РП. Увядзенне ў склад рады беларускіх прадстаўнікоў мела быць актам трактавання іх як раўнапраўных суграмадзян і пацвярджэннем збоку польскага эміграцыйнага ўрадa прынятай пазіцыі па непарушнасці ўсходняй мяжы польскай дзяржавы. З-за адсутнасці шырокай падтрымкі ініцыятывы збоку тагачасных палітычных польскіх партый і непаслядоўнасці ў дзеяннях урадa РП усе спробы вылучэння прадстаўнікоў беларускага насельніцтва і іх пераезду ў Лондан заканчваліся паразай. Спосаб рэалізацыі планa выявіў характар палітыкі па нацыянальным пытанні эміграцыйнага ўрадa РПў 1939–1945 гадах. Неўвядзенне беларускага прадстаўніка ў Нацыянальную Раду Рэспублікі Польшчы мела далёкасяжныя наступствы і аказала непасрэдны ўплыў на лёс рэгіёна і ягонага насельніцтва
    Źródło:
    Studia Białorutenistyczne; 2021, 15; 33-53
    1898-0457
    Pojawia się w:
    Studia Białorutenistyczne
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Białoruś w niemieckojęzycznych publikacjach w latach 1910–1930
    German publications concerning Belarus in 1910–1930
    Нямецкамоўныя публiкацыi аб Беларусi ў 1910–1930-ыя гады
    Autorzy:
    Bieder, Hermann
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/944339.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet w Białymstoku. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu w Białymstoku
    Tematy:
    Нямецкамоўныя публiкацыi
    вайсковая акруга Верхнi Усход
    цывiльная адмiнiстрацыя
    беларускi нацыянальны рух
    german language publications concerning belarus
    german administration of belarus in world war one
    german military district ober ost
    belarusian national movement
    Opis:
    У артыкуле разглядаюцца маючыя дачыненне да Беларусi нямецкамоўныя публiкацыi 1910–1930 гадоў. Упершыню нямецкамоўная лiтаратура, прысвеча- ная геаграфii, гаспадарцы, гiсторыi i нацыянальным меньшынствам Беларусi, пабачыла свет у Германii i Аўстра-Венгрыi падчас Першай сусветнай вайны. Прычынай гэтай павышанай увагi да Беларусi ў нямецкай i аўстрыяцкай грамадскасцi была нямецкая акупацыя пэўных рэгiёнаў Беларусi з восенi 1915 да лютага 1918 года. Нямецкiя ўлады так званай вайсковай акругi "Обер Ост" [Верхнi Усход] падтрымлiвалi стварэнне цывiльнай адмiнiстрацыi, школьнай сiстэмы i прэсы на нацыянальных мовах, часта ў паразуменнi з беларускiм нацыянальным рухам. У нямецкiх вайсковых пададдзелах адбывалi сваю вайсковую службу прадстаўнiкi маладой нямецкай культурнай элiты – не толькi ваенныя аглядальнiкi, але i пiсьменнiкi, паэты, фiлолагi, мастакi, гiсторыкi мастацтва, археолагi, геаграфы i эканамiсты, якiя пераважна ў Вiльнi пазнаёмiлiся з беларускiмi iнтэлiгентамi, а таксама з штодзённым жыццём беларускага насельнiцтва, яго культурай, мовай, фальклорам i гiсторыяй. У мiжваенны перыяд гэтыя iнтэлiгенты замацавалi свае ваенныя ўражааннi ў значнай колькасцi публiкацый у галiнах краязнаўства, лiтаратуразнаўства, мовазнаўства, гiсторыi мастацтва i геаграфii. Беларускiя навукоўцы (фiлолагi, гiсторыкi), галоўным чынам у дваццатыя гады, таксама апублiкавалi вынiкi сваiх даследаванняў у нямецкамоўных выданнях.
    The article reports on German language publications concerning Belarus in the period of 1910–1930. During World War One, for the first time, literature specialized in geography, economics, history and national minorities of Belarus was published in Germany and Austro-Hungary. The reason of this increased attention to Belarus was the German occupation of some territories of Western Belarus from autumn 1915 to February 1918. The German authorities of the so called military district Ober Ost [Upper East] supported the building of a civil administration, school system and press in national languages, often in accordance with the requirements of Belarusian national movement. In the German armed forces were also representatives of the young German cultural elite – not only war correspondents, but also writers, poets, philologists, painters, art historians, archaeologists, geographers and economists, who especially in Vilnius became acquainted not only with Belarusian intellectuals but also with the everyday life of Belarusian population, its culture, language, folklore and history. In the interwar years many of these intellectuals assimilated their war experiences in a lot of publications in the fields of regional studies, belles lettres, linguistics, art history and geography. Mainly in the twenties some Belarusian intellectuals (philologists, historians, literary critics) published their results of research in German publishing houses and periodicals.
    Źródło:
    Białorutenistyka Białostocka; 2015, 7; 333-343
    2081-2515
    Pojawia się w:
    Białorutenistyka Białostocka
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Białoruś w niemieckojęzycznych publikacjach w latach 1910–1930
    German publications concerning Belarus in 1910–1930
    Нямецкамоўныя публiкацыi аб Беларусi ў 1910–1930-ыя гады
    Autorzy:
    Bieder, Hermann
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2109161.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet w Białymstoku. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu w Białymstoku
    Tematy:
    Нямецкамоўныя публiкацыi
    вайсковая акруга Верхнi Усход
    цывiльная адмiнiстрацыя
    беларускi нацыянальны рух
    German language publications concerning Belarus
    German military district Ober Ost
    German administration of Belarus in World War One
    Belarusian national movement
    Opis:
    У артыкуле разглядаюцца маючыя дачыненне да Беларусi нямецкамоўныя публiкацыi 1910–1930 гадоў. Упершыню нямецкамоўная лiтаратура, прысвеча- ная геаграфii, гаспадарцы, гiсторыi i нацыянальным меньшынствам Беларусi, пабачыла свет у Германii i Аўстра-Венгрыi падчас Першай сусветнай вайны. Прычынай гэтай павышанай увагi да Беларусi ў нямецкай i аўстрыяцкай грамадскасцi была нямецкая акупацыя пэўных рэгiёнаў Беларусi з восенi 1915 да лютага 1918 года. Нямецкiя ўлады так званай вайсковай акругi "Обер Ост" [Верхнi Усход] падтрымлiвалi стварэнне цывiльнай адмiнiстрацыi, школьнай сiстэмы i прэсы на нацыянальных мовах, часта ў паразуменнi з беларускiм нацыянальным рухам. У нямецкiх вайсковых пададдзелах адбывалi сваю вайсковую службу прадстаўнiкi маладой нямецкай культурнай элiты – не толькi ваенныя аглядальнiкi, але i пiсьменнiкi, паэты, фiлолагi, мастакi, гiсторыкi мастацтва, археолагi, геаграфы i эканамiсты, якiя пераважна ў Вiльнi пазнаёмiлiся з беларускiмi iнтэлiгентамi, а таксама з штодзённым жыццём беларускага насельнiцтва, яго культурай, мовай, фальклорам i гiсторыяй. У мiжваенны перыяд гэтыя iнтэлiгенты замацавалi свае ваенныя ўражааннi ў значнай колькасцi публiкацый у галiнах краязнаўства, лiтаратуразнаўства, мовазнаўства, гiсторыi мастацтва i геаграфii. Беларускiя навукоўцы (фiлолагi, гiсторыкi), галоўным чынам у дваццатыя гады, таксама апублiкавалi вынiкi сваiх даследаванняў у нямецкамоўных выданнях.
    The article reports on German language publications concerning Belarus in the period of 1910–1930. During World War One, for the first time, literature specialized in geography, economics, history and national minorities of Belarus was published in Germany and Austro-Hungary. The reason of this increased attention to Belarus was the German occupation of some territories of Western Belarus from autumn 1915 to February 1918. The German authorities of the so called military district Ober Ost [Upper East] supported the building of a civil administration, school system and press in national languages, often in accordance with the requirements of Belarusian national movement. In the German armed forces were also representatives of the young German cultural elite – not only war correspondents, but also writers, poets, philologists, painters, art historians, archaeologists, geographers and economists, who especially in Vilnius became acquainted not only with Belarusian intellectuals but also with the everyday life of Belarusian population, its culture, language, folklore and history. In the interwar years many of these intellectuals assimilated their war experiences in a lot of publications in the fields of regional studies, belles lettres, linguistics, art history and geography. Mainly in the twenties some Belarusian intellectuals (philologists, historians, literary critics) published their results of research in German publishing houses and periodicals.
    Źródło:
    Białorutenistyka Białostocka; 2015; 333-343
    2081-2515
    Pojawia się w:
    Białorutenistyka Białostocka
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Polacy wobec białoruskich aspiracji narodowych w Mińsku w 1917 roku
    Autorzy:
    Tarasiuk, Dariusz
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/624866.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej
    Tematy:
    historia Mińska
    History of Belarus
    Belarusian national movement
    Poles in Kresy
    history of Minsk
    Polish organisations in Belarus
    historia Białorusi
    białoruski ruch narodowy
    Polacy na Kresach
    organizacje polskie na Białorusi
    гісторыя Беларусі
    беларускі нацыянальны рух
    палякі на ўсходніх ускраінах
    гісторыя Мінска
    польскія арганізацыі ў Беларусі
    Opis:
    This article explores changes in the attitudes of Poles towards the Belarusian national aspirations during great transformations in Russia, i.e. in 1917. At that time, Poland had to acknowledge the fact that its efforts to establish itself as the protector of the Belarusian peoples had petered out. Consequently, the Poles adopted different attitudes to possible cooperation with Belarusian politicians, from denying such a possibility altogether (National Democracy) to considering them equal partners (Polish Democratic Union, or PZD).
    Artykuł przedstawia zmiany stosunku Polaków do białoruskich aspiracji narodowych w Mińsku w czasie wielkich przemian w Rosji, czyli w 1917 r. Polacy musieli wówczas zaakceptować fakt, że polityka dalszego pełnienia roli patrona ludności białoruskiej już się wyczerpała. Wśród Polaków doszło wtedy do ukształtowania się różnych poglądów na możliwość współpracy z politykami białoruskimi, od pozycji negowania takiej możliwości (endecja) po traktowanie ich jako równoprawnych partnerów (PZD).
    У публікацыі адлюстраваны змены ў адносінах палякаў да беларускіх нацыянальных памкненняў у Мінску ў час важных трансфармацыяў у Расіі, менавіта ў 1917 г. У гэты час палякі павінны былі прыняць факт, што палітыка далейшага імкнення да ролі патрона беларускага насельніцтва скончылася. Адначасова ў асяроддзі палякаў сфарміраваўся спектр розных поглядаў на магчымасць супрацоўніцтва з беларускімі палітыкамі, ад пазіцыі адмаўлення такой магчымасці (Нацыянальна-дэмакратычная партыя Беларусі) да раўнапраўнага партнёрскага стаўлення (Польскі дэмакратычны саюз Беларусі).
    Źródło:
    Studia Białorutenistyczne; 2016, 10
    1898-0457
    Pojawia się w:
    Studia Białorutenistyczne
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
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