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    Wyświetlanie 1-2 z 2
    Tytuł:
    Barley primary microRNA expression pattern is affected by soil water availability
    Autorzy:
    Swida-Barteczka, Aleksandra
    Kruszka, Katarzyna
    Grabowska, Aleksandra
    Pacak, Andrzej
    Jarmolowski, Artur
    Kurowska, Marzena
    Szarejko, Iwona
    Szweykowska-Kulinska, Zofia
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1038746.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Biochemiczne
    Tematy:
    pri-miRNA
    miRNA
    drought
    rehydration
    barley genotypes
    Opis:
    MicroRNAs are short molecules of 21-24 nt in length. They are present in all eukaryotic organisms and regulate gene expression by guiding posttranscriptional silencing of mRNAs. In plants, they are key players in signal transduction, growth and development, and in response to abiotic and biotic stresses. Barley (Hordeum vulgare) is an economically important monocotyledonous crop plant. Drought is the world's main cause of loss in cereal production. We have constructed a high-throughput Real-Time RT-qPCR platform for parallel determination of 159 barley primary microRNAs' levels. The platform was tested for two drought-and-rehydration-treated barley genotypes (Rolap and Sebastian). We have determined changes in the expression of primary microRNAs responding to mild drought, severe drought, and rehydration. Based on the results obtained, we conclude that alteration in the primary microRNA expression is relative to the stress's intensity. Mild drought and rehydration mostly decrease the pri-miRNA levels in both of the tested genotypes. Severe drought mainly induces the primary microRNA expression. The main difference between the genotypes tested was a much-stronger induction of pri-miRNAs in Rolap encountering severe drought. The primary microRNAs respond dynamically to mild drought, severe drought, and rehydration treatments. We propose that some of the individual pri-miRNAs could be used as drought stress or rehydration markers. The usage of the platform in biotechnology is also postulated.
    Źródło:
    Acta Biochimica Polonica; 2016, 63, 4; 817-824
    0001-527X
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Biochimica Polonica
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    A different path to the summit of Fusarium Head Blight resistance in wheat: developing germplasm with a systemic approach.
    Autorzy:
    Comeau, A.
    Langevin, F.
    Caetano, V.R
    Haber, S.
    Savard, M.E.
    Voldeng, H.
    Fedak, G.
    Dion, Y.
    Rioux, S.
    Gilbert, J.
    Martin, R.A.
    Eudes, F.
    Scheeren, P.L.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2199597.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2011-06-21
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Hodowli i Aklimatyzacji Roślin
    Tematy:
    barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV)
    biotic and abiotic stresses
    Fusarium Head Blighy (FHB)
    genotypes
    resistance
    traits interaction
    Opis:
    In pursuing FHB resistance in wheat, 30 years of conventional breeding efforts in Eastern Canada have brought some progress. Substantial investment and the application in recent years of marker-assisted selection have to date, however, failed to produce agronomic lines that resist FHB as well as Sumai 3. We present here an alternative path, described as the systemic approach. Rather than seeking to introgress specific putative resistance genes, it subjects target germplasm to regimes of repeated cycles of multiple, interacting (biotic and abiotic) stresses in which desirable traits – not always adequately expressed in parental lines – are identified and selected. How can such a seemingly counterintuitive process work? The systemic approach views desired resistance as arising from the interactions of complex regulation mechanisms mediating how a host responds when a pathogen attacks. These constituents of resistance should thus not always be understood simply as discrete Mendelian units. In repeated rounds of selection, the systemic approach captures those rare individuals that embody optimal interactions of traits, and advances them as founders of lines that resist FHB more effectively than if selection focused on FHB alone. In Quebec, we have chosen to select wheat populations under combined pressure from barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV) infection and FHB. Resistance to FHB and tolerance of BYDV are quantitative traits that interact. BYD increases both the direct losses from FHB and the production of mycotoxins. Selection under virus pressure, therefore, helps identify those individuals which express FHB resistance more effectively. Moreover, the correlates of virus tolerance (physiological efficiency, generalized stress tolerance and yield) point to those plants with better root traits, ability to produce biomass and yield stability. Together with numerous secondary criteria, such selection eliminates all but a few ‘winners’ in each round. Seen from a systemic perspective, the difficulty of identifying good progeny among descendants of crosses with Sumai 3 does not surprise. Deleterious linkages, pleiotropy and epistasis will usually combine in far from optimal expressions of the assembled genetic information. The systemic approach, by contrast, identifies in repeated cycles increasingly optimized expressions of genes, allowing all potential sources of resistance to be explored. Thus resistant lines can readily be derived from the crosses of susceptible parents, an objective rarely sought in conventional, focused approaches. Moreover, wheat plants respond to the systemic approach’s powerful stresses with enhanced epigenetic variation, raw material from which broader ranges of heritable traits can be selected. Germplasm that expresses a full range of attractive traits while resisting FHB as effectively as Sumai 3 can now be shown to be much more abundant than previously imagined. Perhaps this promise will entice more wheat workers to try a systemic approach...
    Źródło:
    Plant Breeding and Seed Science; 2011, 63; 39-48
    1429-3862
    2083-599X
    Pojawia się w:
    Plant Breeding and Seed Science
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-2 z 2

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