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Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 17
Tytuł:
Causation of Severe and Fatal Accidents in the Manufacturing Sector
Autorzy:
Carillo-Castrillo, J. A.
Rubio-Romero, J. C.
Onieva, L.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/91191.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
Tematy:
accident causation
accident investigation
manufacturing sector
preventive actions
przyczyny wypadków
profilaktyka
produkcja
badanie wypadków
Opis:
The main purpose of this paper is to identify the most frequent causes of accidents in the manufacturing sector in Andalusia, Spain, to help safety practitioners in the task of prioritizing preventive actions. Official accident investigation reports are analyzed. A causation pattern is identified with the proportion of causes of each of the different possible groups of causes. We found evidence of a differential causation between slight and non-slight accidents. We have also found significant differences in accident causation depending on the mechanism of the accident. These results can be used to prioritize preventive actions to combat the most likely causes of each accident mechanism. We have also done research on the associations of certain latent causes with specific active (immediate) causes. These relationships show how organizational and safety management can contribute to the prevention of active failures.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2013, 19, 3; 423-434
1080-3548
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Investigated Serious Occupational Accidents in The Netherlands, 1998–2009
Autorzy:
Bellamy, L. J.
Manuel, H. J.
Oh, J. I. H.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/89719.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
Tematy:
accident analysis
trends
safety barriers
wypadki przy pracy
Holandia
badanie wypadków
bariery bezpieczeństwa
Opis:
Since 2003, a project has been underway to analyse the most serious occupational accidents in The Netherlands.All the serious occupational accidents investigated by the Dutch Labour Inspectorate for the 12 years of 1998−2009 inclusive have been entered into a database, a total of 20 030 investigations. This database uses a model of safety barriers supported by barrier tasks and management delivery systems such that, when combined with sector and year information, trends in the data can be analysed for their underlying causes. The trend analyses show that while the number of victims of serious reportable accidents is significantly decreasing, this is due to specific sectors, hazards and underlying causes. The significant results could not easily be directly associated with any specific regulation or action undertaken in The Netherlands although there have been many different approaches to reducing accidents during the period analysed, which could be contributing to the effect.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2014, 20, 1; 19-32
1080-3548
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
“Just culture”? Conflicts of interest in the investigation of aviation accidents
Autorzy:
Balcerzak, T.A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/951514.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Politechnika Śląska. Wydawnictwo Politechniki Śląskiej
Tematy:
aviation accident
conflict of interests
Just Culture
accident investigation
safety
wypadek lotniczy
konflikt interesów
badanie wypadków
bezpieczeństwo
Opis:
The sole purpose of air accident investigations should be the prevention of accidents and other incidents in the future, without apportioning blame or liability. A civil aviation safety system is based on feedback and lessons learned from accidents and incidents, while requiring the strict application of rules on confidentiality in order to ensure the availability of valuable sources of information in the future. Therefore, related data, especially sensitive safety information, should be protected in an appropriate manner. Information provided by an individual in the framework of a safety investigation should not be used against them, in full respect of constitutional principles, and national and international law. Each “involved person” who knows about an accident or serious incident should promptly notify the competent state authority for carrying out an investigation of the event. “Involved person” refers to one of the following: the owner; a member of the crew; the operator of the aircraft involved in an accident or serious incident; any person involved in the maintenance, design, manufacture of that aircraft or in the training of its crew; any person involved in air traffic control, providing flight information or providing airport services, which provided services for the aircraft concerned; staff of the national civil aviation authority; or staff of the European Aviation Safety Agency. In terms of the protection level of the organization (employer), employees who report an event or submit an application to the investigation cannot bear any prejudice from their employer because of information provided by the applicant. The protection does not cover (exclusions): infringement with wilful misconduct (direct intent, recklessness infringement); infringement committed by a clear and serious disregard of the obvious risks; and serious professional negligence, i.e., the failure to provide unquestionably duty of care required under the circumstances, causing possible or actual damage to persons or property leading the level of aviation safety being seriously compromised. All employees in the aviation sector, regardless of their function, have safety-related duties and are therefore critical to the security of the entire civil aviation system. The safety of this system requires that any event that has or may have an impact on security in aviation should be reported voluntarily and without delay, because it is necessary to conduct an appropriate investigation in order to increase the level of safety. “Just Culture” is the basic premise for the effective functioning of the reporting of events required for all aviation organizations in order to maintain and raise the safety level. As safety management is based on precise data, it is necessary to introduce appropriate procedures, which allow for obtaining information not only about the events that have already occurred, but also about any other events that could potentially cause hazardous conditions. All the procedures and rules of operation relating to the policy of Just Culture should be constructed so that they not only comply with the provisions of applicable law, but are also rational and understandable by all stakeholders, as well as provide certain comfort and confidentiality to persons reporting events that affect airline safety. Changes in the existing legal system should be established in cooperation with all concerned institutions: law enforcement, including the courts and public prosecution, aviation insurers, the Aircraft Accident Investigation Commission and other entities. Is it possible to reconcile the interests of the so-called culture of aviation safety, i.e., Just Culture, with the requirements of the above-mentioned institutions and traders involved in the implementation of air transport and the exploration of the effects of aerial surveys? The answers to this and similar questions will be widely presented in this article.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Naukowe. Transport / Politechnika Śląska; 2017, 94; 5-17
0209-3324
2450-1549
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Naukowe. Transport / Politechnika Śląska
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
An aviation accident report data-driven approach to scenario design for a centrifuge-based dynamic flight simulator
Podejście oparte na danych z raportu o wypadku lotniczym do projektowania scenariuszy dla dynamicznego symulatora lotu bazującego na wirówce przeciążeniowej
Autorzy:
Lewkowicz, Rafał
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/38953442.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
human factor
flight simulator
centrifuge
flight safety
accident investigation
czynnik ludzki
symulator lotu
wirówka
bezpieczeństwo lotu
badanie wypadków
Opis:
The use of flight simulators in investigating an aviation incident or accident related to human errors has been identified as an important part of a strategy to improve safety. This study aimed to replicate a real flight of the MiG-29 aircraft using a centrifuge-based dynamic flight simulator and to determine the simulator’s accuracy in recreating in-flight aircraft performance. A 60-second recording of the real flight of the MiG-29 aircraft, captured by the flight data recorder, was chosen for replication in the HTC-07 human training centrifuge simulator. To evaluate how accurately the simulator replicates the performance of the aircraft, the linear accelerations and angular velocities acting on a pilot during the real flight were compared with those during the replication of that flight in the simulator. The fit of these parameters was assessed using the root mean square percentage error (RMSPE) and the correlation coefficient (r). The highest replication accuracy was achieved for the vertical component of the linear acceleration (RMSPE=2068; r=0.98), while the worst result was obtained for the longitudinal component (RMSPE=14205; r=0.31). Inaccuracies were much more pronounced for the angular velocity. The roll angular velocity had the lowest replication error (RMSPE=12640). However, its correlation with the recorded velocity during the real flight was very weak (r=-0.02). Despite some inaccuracies in replicating other components of the acceleration and angular velocity vectors, the HTC-07 simulator seems valuable for investigating aviation incidents or accidents related to human factors.
Wykorzystanie symulatorów lotu w badaniach incydentu lub wypadku lotniczego, którego przyczyną mógł być błąd ludzki, zostało uznane za ważną część strategii poprawy bezpieczeństwa lotów. Celem tego badania było odtworzenie rzeczywistego lotu samolotu MiG-29 w dynamicznym symulatorze lotu opartym na wirówce przeciążeniowej oraz ocena, czy symulator ten może dokładnie odtworzyć osiągi samolotu podczas lotu. Do odtworzenia w wirówce przeciążeniowej – symulatorze HTC-07 wybrano 60-sekundowe nagranie rzeczywistego lotu samolotu MiG-29, zarejestrowane przez pokładowy rejestrator danych lotu. W celu oceny, jak dokładnie symulator odtwarza osiągi samolotu porównano przyspieszenia liniowe i prędkości kątowe działające na pilota podczas rzeczywistego lotu z przyspieszeniami działającymi podczas replikacji tego lotu w symulatorze. Dopasowanie tych parametrów oceniono za pomocą średniokwadratowego błędu procentowego (RMSPE) oraz współczynnika korelacji (r). Największą dokładność replikacji osiągnęła składowa pionowa przyspieszenia liniowego (RMSPE = 2068; r = 0,98), podczas gdy najgorszy wynik miała składowa podłużna (RMSPE = 14205; r = 0,31). Niedokładności były znacznie bardziej widoczne w przypadku prędkości kątowej. Prędkość kątowa przechyłu miała najniższy błąd replikacji (RMSPE = 12640), jednak jej korelacja z zarejestrowaną prędkością podczas rzeczywistego lotu była bardzo słaba (r = -0,02). Pomimo niedokładności w odtwarzaniu pozostałych składowych wektorów przyspieszenia i prędkości kątowej, symulator HTC-07 wydaje się cennym narzędziem do badania incydentów lub wypadków lotniczych związanych z czynnikiem ludzkim.
Źródło:
Journal of KONBiN; 2023, 53, 4; 161-189
1895-8281
2083-4608
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONBiN
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Bezpieczeństwo w lotnictwie. Prawne i proceduralne aspekty badania wypadków lotniczych
Safety in aviation. Legal and procedural aspects of air accidents investigation
Autorzy:
Compa, Tadeusz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1193087.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Akademia Zamojska
Tematy:
zagrożenia w lotnictwie
wypadki lotnicze
badanie wypadków lotniczych
profilaktyka bezpieczeństwa
aviation hazards
aviation accidents
aviation accident investigation
safety management
Opis:
Accidents in aviation occur extremely rarely, but they cause many human and material losses. Therefore, recording and the study of aircraft incident is highly important. Every accident or incident must be precisely examined by a special investigation commission. The main goal of the aviation investigation process is to find actual causes and prevent from accidents and incidents in the future. This process consists of collecting, registering and analyzing relevant information to determine the circumstances and causes of the event, and finally implementing preventive recommendations. However, the goal is not to point out the guilty party but to determine the actual causes of accidents. The aim of the article is to present legal conditions and procedures used in the studying of aviation accidents. The investigation of accidents and incidents is regulated by international, regional (European) and national department rules. Aviation is not a monolith, despite of regulations there are some differences in each case’s study.
Źródło:
Facta Simonidis; 2019, 12; 85-114
1899-3109
Pojawia się w:
Facta Simonidis
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Identifying Training Deficiencies in Military Pilots by Applying the Human Factors Analysis and Classification System
Autorzy:
Li, W. C.
Harris, D.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/90259.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Centralny Instytut Ochrony Pracy
Tematy:
accident investigation
error analysis
human error
human factors analysis and classification system (HFACS)
training development
piloci samolotów
czynnik ludzki
klasyfikacja
przyczyny wypadków
wojsko
badanie wypadków
błędy ludzkie
trening
Opis:
Without accurate analysis, it is difficult to identify training needs and develop the content of training programs required for preventing aviation accidents. The human factors analysis and classification system (HFACS) is based on Reason's system-wide model of human error. In this study, 523 accidents from the Republic of China Air Force were analyzed in which 1762 human errors were categorized. The results of the analysis showed that errors of judgment and poor decision-making were commonly reported amongst pilots. As a result, it was concluded that there was a need for military pilots to be trained specifically in making decisions in tactical environments. However, application of HFACS also allowed the identification of systemic training deficiencies within the organization further contributing to the accidents observed.
Źródło:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics; 2013, 19, 1; 3-18
1080-3548
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Modele teoretyczne wyjaśniające zachowanie kierowców na drodze
Theoretical models of drivers behavior on the road
Autorzy:
Biernacki, Marcin P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2164091.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017-05-16
Wydawca:
Instytut Medycyny Pracy im. prof. dra Jerzego Nofera w Łodzi
Tematy:
psychologia transportu
modele teoretyczne
czynnik ludzki
prewencja wypadków
zachowania kierowców
badanie kierowców
transportation psychology
theoretical models
human factor
accident prevention
drivers behavior
automobile driver examinations
Opis:
Zrozumienie mechanizmów i czynników odpowiedzialnych za zachowanie kierowcy na drodze jest przedmiotem nieustającego zainteresowania psychologów transportu, lekarzy medycyny pracy i inżynierów. Modele zachowania kierowcy stanowią punkt wyjścia pozwalający na zrozumienie tych mechanizmów i lokalizację czynników stanowiących barierę w optymalnym funkcjonowaniu na drodze. Pozwalają one również systematyzować wiedzę na temat czynników odpowiedzialnych za zachowania kierowcy, a przez to są punktem wyjścia formułowania hipotez empirycznych lub diagnostycznych. Celem pracy jest przybliżenie modeli zachowania kierowcy zarówno z perspektywy opisowej, jak i funkcjonalnej. Med. Pr. 2017;68(3):401–411
Understanding of mechanisms and factors responsible for the driver behavior on the road is the subject of ongoing interest to transportation psychologists, occupational doctors and engineers. Models of driver behavior are a key point for the understanding the mechanisms and factors which may cause limitations to the optimal functioning on the road. They also systematize knowledge about the factors responsible for the behavior of the driver and thus constitute a starting point for formulating empirical or diagnostic hypotheses. The aim of this study is to present models of driver behavior from the descriptive and functional perspectives. Med Pr 2017;68(3):401–411
Źródło:
Medycyna Pracy; 2017, 68, 3; 401-411
0465-5893
2353-1339
Pojawia się w:
Medycyna Pracy
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
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