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Tytuł:
The legal situation and practical application of the general average
Autorzy:
Sulewska, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/111460.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Instytut Morski w Gdańsku
Tematy:
general average
average adjustment proceedings
average adjustment
average adjuster
Opis:
The aim of this article is to discuss issues related to average adjustment proceedings, the status of the average adjuster in the national legal order, to discuss the generally accepted principles of general average settlement and to demonstrate the usefulness of these institutions in modern commercial shipping.
Źródło:
Biuletyn Instytutu Morskiego w Gdańsku; 2014, 29, 1; 1-8
1230-7424
2450-5536
Pojawia się w:
Biuletyn Instytutu Morskiego w Gdańsku
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Średni ciężar cząsteczkowy chondrytu Jezersko (H4). Promień i objętość atomu i cząsteczki chondrytu
Average molecular weight of Jezersko H4 chondrite. Radius and volume of atom and molecule of chondrite
Autorzy:
Szurgot, Marian
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1033154.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Meteorytowe
Tematy:
Jezersko chondrite
average molecular weight
average radius of atom
average radius of molecule
Opis:
Average molecular weight and average atomic number of molecule of Jezersko ordinary chondrite (H4 S2(3) W2, find in 1992 in Slovenia) have been calculated using literature data on chemical composition of the meteorite (Miler et al. 2014). It was shown that Jezersko’s = 55.58, = 27.21, and ratio / = 2.043 for composition without water. Jezersko’s silicates shown the values: = 54.08, = 21.77, and / = 2.484. Volume and radius of average Jezersko molecule, and of atom have been also determined. It was calculated that the average volume of Jezersko’s molecule Vmol = 2.515·10–29 m3, and average radius of Jezersko’s molecule Rmol = 181.5 pm. Average volume of the Jezersko’s atom Vatom = 1.117·10–29 m3, and average radius of Jezersko’s atom: Ratom = 138.5 pm. Ratio of average Jezersko’s volume of molecule to atom volume: 2.25, and ratio of radius of molecule to radius of atom: 1.31. Number of atoms in Jezersko meteorite average molecule Nmol = /Amean = /Zmean = 2.25, and for Jezersko’s silicates Nsimol = 2.48.
Źródło:
Acta Societatis Metheoriticae Polonorum; 2020, 11; 98-109
2080-5497
Pojawia się w:
Acta Societatis Metheoriticae Polonorum
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Ocena wariancji wyniku cyfrowej filtracji uśredniającej
Variance evaluation of the result of averaging digital filtration
Autorzy:
Domańska, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/154915.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Stowarzyszenie Inżynierów i Techników Mechaników Polskich
Tematy:
ruchoma średnia
uśrednianie koherentne
wariancja średniej
skorelowane dane
moving average
cumulating average
variance of average
correlated data
Opis:
Artykuł dotyczy cyfrowego uśredniania metodą ruchomej średniej oraz metodą z kumulacją, stosowanego w celu eliminacji lub redukcji losowego składnika stanowiącego zakłócenie wielkości deterministycznej. Podano zależność określającą wariancję wyniku uśredniania każdą z metod, co umożliwia ocenę jego niepewności. Odmienna specyfika metod przekłada się na odmienną postać zależności określającej wariancję i odmienne warunki, przy których można osiągać ekstremalny zysk z uśredniania.
The paper concerns digital averaging performed with the use of the moving average method and the cumulative method. This type of averaging is applied in order to eliminate or reduce the random component, being a disturbance of the deterministic quantity. Moreover, the paper presents the dependence determining the variance of the averaging result with the use of each of these methods, which makes it possible to estimate the uncertainty of the result. A different character of each of the methods implies a different form of the dependence determining the variance as well as different conditions with which an extreme profit can be achieved on the averaging. MAV and CAV are digital averaging algorithms of the value of dependent from the time (signals). The algorithm MAV is fitted for averaging of aperiodic and periodic signals. The algorithm CAV is fitted for averaging of periodic signals or repeatable signals at multiples to their gaining. The filtration MAV influences reductively on the variance of the noise and on the variance of the primary signal, however CAV reduces only the variance of the noise, not changing the variance of the primary signal. The use of the filtration MAV and CAV promotes better repeatability of results, if are estimated from samples of the average signal. Both algorithms are realizations of digital filters of the type FIR. In the case MAV this is the single low-pass filter. In the case CAV this is "the group" of simultaneously working low-pass filters - every in length equal of numerous of the collection of the repetition and filters is as many as of samples counts the single repetition. Fundamental difference between MAV and CAV consists in the manner of the choice of the collection of samples (undergo averaging) for the purpose of the determination of the single value of the average signal. In MAV this are adjacent samples from the single registration of the signal. In CAV this are the cophasal samples, every from other repetition. In the case of the averaging filtration of signals periodic or repeatable is more effective the algorithm CAV. However it is more time-consuming than the algorithm MAV.
Źródło:
Pomiary Automatyka Kontrola; 2009, R. 55, nr 9, 9; 750-753
0032-4140
Pojawia się w:
Pomiary Automatyka Kontrola
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Average cost Markov control processes with weighted norms: value iteration
Autorzy:
Gordienko, Evgueni
Hernández-Lerma, Onésimo
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1340319.pdf
Data publikacji:
1995
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Matematyczny PAN
Tematy:
average cost optimality equation
strong average optimality
(discrete-time) Markov control processes
long-run average cost
weighted norms
Opis:
This paper shows the convergence of the value iteration (or successive approximations) algorithm for average cost (AC) Markov control processes on Borel spaces, with possibly unbounded cost, under appropriate hypotheses on weighted norms for the cost function and the transition law. It is also shown that the aforementioned convergence implies strong forms of AC-optimality and the existence of forecast horizons.
Źródło:
Applicationes Mathematicae; 1995-1996, 23, 2; 219-237
1233-7234
Pojawia się w:
Applicationes Mathematicae
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Air temperature variability on the silesian lowlands in the years 1957-2014
Autorzy:
Włodek, S.
Sikora, J.
Pawęska, K.
Biskupski, A.
Owsiak, Z.
Maga, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/101462.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Stowarzyszenie Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich PAN
Tematy:
average annual
average monthly air temperatures
number of days
Silesian Lowland
Opis:
Results of air temperature measurements in the 1957-2014 multi-annual period were analysed in the paper. The data originated from Jelcz-Laskowice locality situated in the south-western part of Poland, at the flat part of the Lower Silesia, on Silesian Lowlands. Average annual and monthly air temperatures and the number of days of thermal seasons duration were analysed. Trends of changes were set and extreme values of average monthly air temperatures were analysed. Mean annual air temperatures in the studied multi-annual period revealed a tendency to increase. Average monthly extreme values of the analysed factor revealed a similar direction of changes; however, more apparent changes occurred for the maximum values. Over the analysed period, average monthly air temperatures revealed a tendency to increase. The most serious changes occurred in July, slightly lesser in August, May and April. The number of days in the years 1957-2014 in the interval limited by the air temperature threshold values: 0°C, 5°C and 15°C was greatly diversified. Analysed results had a clear growing tendency for the summer, slightly lower for the spring, but evidently declining for the autumn.
Źródło:
Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich; 2017, IV/3; 1877-1886
1732-5587
Pojawia się w:
Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
General average in Polish maritime law
Autorzy:
Szymankiewicz, Dariusz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/135072.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Akademia Morska w Szczecinie. Wydawnictwo AMSz
Tematy:
general average
navigational safety
common maritime safety
marine accident
average adjuster
average adjustment
average procedure
York-Antwerp Rules
extraordinary expenditure/expense
sea peril
Comité Maritime International
Opis:
The law of general average is one of the oldest institutions in maritime law, which is still applicable in contemporary shipping. Although the role and function of general average have naturally changed throughout centuries of its history (the main reasons therefor being the popularization of maritime insurance, which evolved much later than the general average) and general average has been and is subject to criticism pointing to its anachronistic nature and redundancy in today’s maritime economic realities. However practice shows that general average continues to resist these accusations and is commonly used in the practice of maritime commercial trade. This article deals with the issue of general average in light of Polish maritime law regulations, the essence and specificity of these legislative solutions concerning the safety of shipping in Poland, and also gives examples of events that occurred at sea that permit the announcement of an act of the general average. This article also presents considerations with regard to arguments in favour of maintaining the institution of general average as a legal instrument used in shipping, as well as critical voices emphasizing the need to eliminate general average as an institution of maritime law aimed at distributing losses, incurred to avoid a common peril, to the participants of a maritime adventure.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Szczecinie; 2019, 58 (130); 123-127
1733-8670
2392-0378
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Morskiej w Szczecinie
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
MAKING MOST OF MOVING AVERAGE MODELS DURING STOCK MARKET ANALYSIS – SELECTION OF THE MODEL AND TIME PERIOD
Autorzy:
Letkowski, Dariusz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/654255.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
investment
moving average models
Opis:
Technical analysis rely on assumption that analysis of past market performance provides possibility for proper stock price forecasting, in particular by identification of buy and sell signals. The article describe main moving average models: simple moving average, weighted moving average and exponential moving average and manner of theirs usage while constructing investment strategy on financial market. The article outlines possibilities and limitations of moving averages usage in investment practice. In addition empirical verification of moving averages is provided for selected polish shares forming index WIG20.
Źródło:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica; 2014, 2, 301
0208-6018
2353-7663
Pojawia się w:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Average cost Markov control processes with weighted norms: existence of canonical policies
Autorzy:
Gordienko, Evgueni
Hernández-Lerma, Onésimo
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1340317.pdf
Data publikacji:
1995
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Matematyczny PAN
Tematy:
discounted cost
average cost optimality equation
long run average cost
(discrete-time) Markov control processes
average cost optimality inequality
weighted norms
Opis:
This paper considers discrete-time Markov control processes on Borel spaces, with possibly unbounded costs, and the long run average cost (AC) criterion. Under appropriate hypotheses on weighted norms for the cost function and the transition law, the existence of solutions to the average cost optimality inequality and the average cost optimality equation are shown, which in turn yield the existence of AC-optimal and AC-canonical policies respectively.
Źródło:
Applicationes Mathematicae; 1995-1996, 23, 2; 199-218
1233-7234
Pojawia się w:
Applicationes Mathematicae
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Best Time Series In-sample Model for Forecasting Nigeria Exchange Rate
Autorzy:
Gaddafi, Adamu Babali
Akpensuen, Shiaondo Henry
Shitu, Abdulrazaq Ahmed
Malle, Ahmad Atiku
Adamu, Muhammed
Bukar, Muhammad Goni
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1031300.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
Tematy:
ARIMA
Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average Model
Autoregressive Moving Average Model
Autoregressive models
Box-Jenkins Methodology
CBN
Exchange rate
Model
Moving Average Models
Nigeria
Opis:
In this work we considered data on official Nigeria exchange rates (Naira to British Pound sterling) from January 2003 to December 2019. Four competing models ARIMA (1, 1, 1), ARIMA (2, 1, 1), ARIMA (1, 1, 0) and ARIMA (1, 1, 2) were identified for the exchange rates series. Diagnostic analysis revealed that all the competing models adequately represent the exchange rate series. However, on the basis of out-of-sample model selection and evaluation ARIMA (1, 1, 1) was selected as the optimal model with minimum information criteria for the exchange rate series. A 24 months forecast indicates that the Naira will continue to depreciate. The policy implication of our study is that the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN), should devalue the Naira in order to not only re-establish exchange rate stability but also encourage local manufacturing and encourage foreign capital inflows.
Źródło:
World Scientific News; 2021, 151; 45-63
2392-2192
Pojawia się w:
World Scientific News
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Interpretation of Structural Parameters for Models with Spatial Autoregression
Autorzy:
Pietrzak, Michał Bernard
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/517218.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Instytut Badań Gospodarczych
Tematy:
spatial econometrics
measures of average impact
Opis:
The main purpose of the article is to consider a important issue of spatial econometrics, which is a proper interpretation of structural parameters of econo-metric models with spatial autoregression. The problem will be considered basing on the example of the spatial SAR model. Another purpose of the article is to make an overview of measures of average spatial impact proposed by the subject litera-ture (see Lesage and Pace 2009). The analysis will include such measures as Aver-age Total Impact to an Observation, Average Total Impact from an Observation, Average Indirect Impact to an Observation, Average Indirect Impact from an Ob-servation and Average Direct Impact. Having considered the above issues, I will introduce a set of three original measures that allow the interpretation of the strength of the impact of the explanatory processes within the spatial SAR model, which take the forms of average direct impact, average indirect impact and average induced impact. The use of this set of measures will be illustrated with the example of the analysis of the unemployment rate in Poland. It must be emphasized that the presented set of measures may also be designated for other spatial models. With the knowledge of the empirical form of the model and of the spatial weight matrix, the set of measures introduced simplifies significantly the complex procedure of the interpretation of the structural parameters for spatial models to the use of merely three values.
Źródło:
Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy; 2013, 8, 2; 129-155
1689-765X
2353-3293
Pojawia się w:
Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A new hand dynamometer activforce isometric muscle activation on single joint muscle force of volleyball players
Autorzy:
Kahraman, Yeliz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/34671012.pdf
Data publikacji:
2024-02-23
Wydawca:
Akademia Tarnowska
Tematy:
isometric force
peak
average
volleyball players
Opis:
Isometric muscle activation of single joint to volleyball players is critic on sport performance to produce potential muscle force, however isometric measurement limited in isokinetic muscle activity measurement of volleyball players. Indeed, hand dynamometers commonly use in various body isometric force. Professional volleyball players age 16.23 ± 0.59 yr, body mass 60.22 ± 4.64 kg, hight 1.69 ± 0.04 m participated to peak and average isometric force measurement over 8 week pre and post test. Accordingly, single joint muscle force production measurement of volleyball players tested on isometric muscle activation using a new hand dynamometer activforce 2. Isometric muscle activation tests consisted of 24 body region from upper and lower compartment. For this isometric muscle action test detected on peak force outcomes (SEM: 37.90; CV: 1.79) and average force outcomes (SEM: 33.62; CV: 1.84). The high isometric muscle action joint loading performing mechanical test application recommended on athletic population to using isometric potential high contraction model by strength training performance separately in-season and off-season measurement modeling. Conclusion, peak and average force production progressive isometric modeling of volleyball athletes worked to current sport–health condition. As out, conclusion must be advanced isometric force measurement proper work in sport-specific tasks. The proper isometric force must be repeat sport performance outcome in different sport modalities.
Źródło:
Health Promotion & Physical Activity; 2023, 25, 4; 22-30
2544-9117
Pojawia się w:
Health Promotion & Physical Activity
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Algorytmy CAV i MAV filtracji sygnałów kwantowanych z ditherem
CAV and MAV algorithms of the filtration of signals quantized using dither
Autorzy:
Domańska, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/154612.pdf
Data publikacji:
2007
Wydawca:
Stowarzyszenie Inżynierów i Techników Mechaników Polskich
Tematy:
przetwornik A/C
dither
ruchoma średnia
uśrednianie metodą kumulacji
A/D converter
cumulating average
moving average
Opis:
Działania zmierzające do poprawy dokładności systemów pomiarowych z cyfrowym algorytmem pomiaru mają między innymi na celu poprawę dokładności konwersji analogowo-cyfrowej. Użyteczna okazala się metoda przetwarzania a-c z sygnałem ditherowym. Jej celem jest randomizacja błędu konwersji a-c i jego redukcja w wyniku filtracji. Filtracja może polegać na uśrednianiu wyników metodą kumulacji (cummulating average CAV także nazywane coherent averaging) albo na przetwarzaniu ich w filtrze typu "ruchoma średnia" (moving average MAV). W artykule przedstawino wyniki porównania skuteczności filtracji CAV i MAV w przypadku konwersji a-c sygnału periodycznego. Jako miarę skuteczności przyjęto wartość błędu operacji konwersji.
Actions leading to an improvement in the accuracy of measuring systems with digital measring algorithm are aimed, among others, at improving the accuracy of a-d conversion. One of the methods applied is a-d conversion with dither signal. Its aim is the randomization and reduction of a-d conversion error as the result of filtration. Filtration can consist in the averaging of results using the cummulating average CAV (called also coherent averaging), or in processing them in a filter of the moving average (MAV) type. The paper presents the results of comparing the efficiency of CAV and MAV filtration in the case of the a-d conversion of periodic signal. The value of the conversion errer was assurred as efficiency measure.
Źródło:
Pomiary Automatyka Kontrola; 2007, R. 53, nr 9 bis, 9 bis; 119-122
0032-4140
Pojawia się w:
Pomiary Automatyka Kontrola
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Econometric model for planning the industrial production
Autorzy:
Dima, I. C.
Grabara, J.
Kolcun, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/122860.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Politechnika Częstochowska. Wydawnictwo Politechniki Częstochowskiej
Tematy:
discipline of waiting
average waiting time of the machines in the system
average number of machines
Opis:
In industrial practice, there are frequent cases when a performer randomly serves the machines at time intervals, which prevents the elements of carrying out the processing procedure from being predetermined. Situations of random interventions on the multiserved machines occur more often in textile industry on the spinning machines, looms, knitting machines, wire weaving and interlacing machines, etc.
Źródło:
Journal of Applied Mathematics and Computational Mechanics; 2013, 12, 1; 11-20
2299-9965
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Applied Mathematics and Computational Mechanics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Average intensity of a partially coherent anomalous hollow beam propagating in underwater oceanic turbulence
Autorzy:
Liu, Dajun
Wang, Guiqiu
Zhong, Haiyang
Yin, Hongming
Wang, Yaochuan
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/175102.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
oceanic turbulence
average intensity
anomalous hollow beam
Opis:
Based on the extended Huygens–Fresnel principle, the cross-spectral density function of a partially coherent anomalous hollow beam (AHB) propagating in underwater oceanic turbulence has been derived. The average intensity of partially coherent AHB propagating in underwater oceanic turbulence has been calculated. The influences of coherence length and the strength of underwater oceanic turbulence on the spreading properties of partially coherent AHB are illustrated and analyzed using numerical examples. It is found that the partially coherent AHB with smaller coherence length and the partially coherent AHB propagating in stronger underwater oceanic turbulence will lose the initial beam profile and evolve into the Gaussian beam faster. The results are useful in applications for underwater wireless optical communication.
Źródło:
Optica Applicata; 2019, 49, 2; 227-239
0078-5466
1899-7015
Pojawia się w:
Optica Applicata
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Związek zaangażowania w studiowanie i wypalenia studiami z osiągnięciami akademickimi
Autorzy:
Kulikowski, Konrad
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2010577.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016-03-31
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Tematy:
engagement
burnout
academic achievement
grade point average
Opis:
This study addresses the question how students’ engagement and burnout are related to academic achievement the grade point average and the number of passed exams. The study involved 205 students. Multiple regression analysis indicated that burnout is direct significant predictor of grade point average, but the engagement is not. Relation between students’ engagement and the grade point average was mediated by level of burnout. Further analysis revealed that students who have passed all the exams in the first term were characterized by lower level of burnout than students who have not passed all the exams in the first term. However, students from both groups did not differ, in the level of study engagement. The results indicate that high academic achievement is related to the lack of a burnout rather than the presence of engagement. Results also show that the grade point average and the number of passed exams are poor indicators of the level of students’ engagement.
Źródło:
Kultura i Edukacja; 2016, 1(111); 180-196
1230-266X
Pojawia się w:
Kultura i Edukacja
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
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