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Tytuł:
Optimal threshold detection for Málaga turbulent optical links
Autorzy:
Jurado-Navas, A.
Garrido-Balsells, J. M.
Castillo-Vázquez, M.
Puerta-Notario, A.
Monroy, I. T.
Olmos, J. J. V.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/173418.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
atmospheric propagation
atmospheric turbulence
Malaga distribution
scintillation
Opis:
A new and generalized statistical model, called Málaga distribution (M distribution), has been derived recently to characterize the irradiance fluctuations of an unbounded optical wave front propagating through a turbulent medium under all irradiance fluctuation conditions. As great advantages associated to that model, we can indicate that it is written in a simple tractable closed-form expression and that it is able to unify most of the proposed statistical models for free-space optical communications derived until now in the scientific literature. Based on that Málaga model, we have analyzed in this paper the role of the detection threshold in a free-space optical system employing an on-off keying modulation technique and involved in different scenarios, and taking into account the extinction ratio associated to the employed laser. First we have derived some analytical expressions for the lower-bound performance of the free-space optical system with the light intensity fading induced by turbulence obtained when the additive white Gaussian noise is not present in the system. Then, we have analyzed the optimal threshold in the system and how it changes when atmospheric conditions vary. Finally, a closed form expression for the bit error rate of that system is derived.
Źródło:
Optica Applicata; 2016, 46, 4; 577-595
0078-5466
1899-7015
Pojawia się w:
Optica Applicata
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Characterization of sub-channel based Málaga atmospheric optical links with real β parameter
Autorzy:
López-González, F. J.
Jurado-Navas, A.
Garrido-Balsells, J. M.
Castillo-Vázquez, M.
Puerta-Notario, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/174807.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
Malaga distribution
generalized-K distribution
atmospheric optical communications
atmospheric propagation
atmospheric turbulence
scintillation
Opis:
A generalization of the Málaga atmospheric optical communications links treated as a finite number of generalized-K distributed sub-channels is analyzed in terms of outage probability and outage rate when its β parameter belongs to the set of real numbers. To the best of the author’s knowledge, this is the first time that β ∈ ℜ is considered. The new analytical expressions derived in this paper lead to a new physical and more realistic interpretation of atmospheric optical links, especially in terms of performance.
Źródło:
Optica Applicata; 2017, 47, 4; 545-556
0078-5466
1899-7015
Pojawia się w:
Optica Applicata
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Charakterystyka podstawowych form konstrukcyjnych układów podtrzymywania parametrów atmosfery w obiektach hiperbarycznych
Characteristics of the basic forms of structural support systems in the atmospheric parameters of hyperbaric facilities
Autorzy:
Olejnik, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/222376.pdf
Data publikacji:
2004
Wydawca:
Akademia Marynarki Wojennej. Wydział Dowodzenia i Operacji Morskich
Tematy:
atmosfera
kompresje
ciśnienie atmosferyczne
atmospheric
compression
atmospheric pressure
Opis:
W artykule przedstawiono techniczne sposoby utrzymania parametrów atmosfery w obiektach hiperbarycznych podczas realizacji ekspozycji ciśnieniowych z wykorzystaniem różnych czynników oddechowych.
The paper presents technical ways of maintaining atmosphere parameters in hyperbaric objects during exposition to pressure, using various breathing agents.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Marynarki Wojennej; 2004, R. 45 nr 2 (157), 2 (157); 109-116
0860-889X
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Marynarki Wojennej
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Influence of atmospheric turbulence on bomb release
Wpływ turbulencji atmosferycznych na zrzut bomby
Autorzy:
Kowaleczko, G.
Żyluk, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/280204.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Mechaniki Teoretycznej i Stosowanej
Tematy:
atmospheric turbulence
bombing
Opis:
A model of the bomb release dynamics is presented in the paper, and how it is influenced by a wind field. The applied way of describing this field is discussed with account taken of its stochastic nature. Exemplary results of a numerical simulation of bombing are submitted and concluded.
W pracy przedstawiono model dynamiki zrzutu bomby. Pokazano wpływ pola wiatru na szybowanie bomby. Strukturę wiatru opisano, uwzględniając jego stochastyczny charakter. Pokazano wyniki symulacji numerycznej zrzutu oraz poddano je analizie.
Źródło:
Journal of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics; 2009, 47, 1; 69-90
1429-2955
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Przebieg roczny ciśnienia atmosferycznego na Antarktydzie
Annual course of the atmospheric pressure on the Antarctic
Autorzy:
Kejna, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/260645.pdf
Data publikacji:
2005
Wydawca:
Stowarzyszenie Klimatologów Polskich
Tematy:
ciśnienie atmosferyczne
Antarktyda
cyrkulacja atmosferyczna
Antarctic
atmospheric pressure
atmospheric circulation
Opis:
W artykule przedstawiono zmienność przestrzenną przebiegu rocznego ciśnienia atmosferycznego na Antarktydzie. Stwierdzono dwa typy przebiegów rocznych ciśnienia. Na wybrzeżu występuje przebieg charaktery-zujący się półroczną oscylacją, z maksymalnymi wartościami w sezonie letnim i zimowym oraz najniższymi w przejścio-wych porach roku. We wnętrzu kontynentu najwyższe ciśnienie występuje latem, a najniższe w chłodnej połowie roku. Największe amplitudy roczne ciśnienia występują we wnętrzu kontynentu. W ostatnich dwóch dekadach XX wieku zaznaczyły się istotne zmiany w przebiegu rocznym ciśnienia atmosferycznego.
At the polar latitudes of the Southern Hemisphere a circulation cell functions which is connected with the strong baric wedge feature of the atmosphere occurring between the Antarctic anticyclone and a very deep circumpolar trough by the Antarctic coastline. The circulation system in the Antarctic region shows seasonal variability called Southern Annular Mode (SAM). In the cold season the tropospheric exchange of air masses strengthens due to the increase of the katabatic winds? speed. The relocation of air masses from over Antarctica to its peripheries has an influence on the annual course of the atmospheric pressure. In the elaboration mean monthly air pressure values were taken into account from 106 Antarctic stations from the beginning of measurements to 2000. On the basis of these data the mean annual course of the atmospheric pressure has been counted as well as the yearly pressure range. Annual courses from two periods: 1958-1980 and 1981-2000 were also compared. Over the Antarctic the annual course of the atmospheric pressure is complex. At the costal part of the continent there are two maxima (in summer and in winter) and two minima in the transient seasons. This course is called semi-annual oscillation (SAO) in the literature. However this phenomenon shows certain regional specifics. On the Antarctic Peninsula and South Orkney Islands the winter maximum is more distinct, while minima are shifted to February and November. In the inland the winter maximum decreases with the distance from the coast and at stations situated in the highest parts of the glacial plateau the highest pressure values occur in summer and distinctly lower ones in winter. At some inland stations a slight increase of the pressure can be observed in the middle of winter what refers to the thermal coreless winters occurring frequently in this region. The annual range of the atmospheric pressure decreases from the coast (15-7 hPa) to the interior of the continent, where it reaches values above 20 hPa. During the last two decades of the 20th century significant changes took place in the annual courses of the pressure in comparison to the years 1958-1980. On the South Orkney Islands and the Antarctic Peninsula the pressure increased in summer and in autumn, while in winter distinctly decreased. At the remaining part of the Antarctic coast pressure decrease occurred in every seasons, and in the Weddell Sea region the autumn and spring minimum significantly deepened. At the majority of the stations the annual amplitudes of the atmospheric pressure decreased after 1980. These changes contributed to the disturbances in the functioning of the Antarctic climate system. On the Antarctic Peninsula the air temperature increased, while at many stations in the Eastern Antarctic considerable cooling occurred.
Źródło:
Problemy Klimatologii Polarnej; 2005, 15; 7-16
1234-0715
Pojawia się w:
Problemy Klimatologii Polarnej
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Sensitivity of a bomb to wind turbulence
Wrażliwość bomby na turbulencje wiatru
Autorzy:
Żyluk, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/279357.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Mechaniki Teoretycznej i Stosowanej
Tematy:
bomb release
atmospheric turbulence
Opis:
This paper presents results of numerical investigations into the bomb release in a turbulent wind field. Short descriptions of mathematical models of both the bomb dynamics and the stochastic wind are shown. The effect of parameters of the turbulent wind field on a random distribution of points of the impact is investigated.
W pracy przedstawiono wyniki numerycznej symulacji wpływu turbulencji wiatru na zrzut bomby. Praca zawiera opis matematyczny dynamiki lotu bomby oraz stochastycznego pola wiatru. Badano zależność pomiędzy parametrami turbulencji i punktem upadku bomby.
Źródło:
Journal of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics; 2009, 47, 4; 815-828
1429-2955
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Ocena stężenia całkowitej rtęci gazowej (TGM) na terenie stacji tła regionalnego Granica-KPN (województwo mazowieckie, Polska) w latach 2010–2011
Estimation of Total Gaseous Mercury (TGM) Concentration at the Regional Background Station in Granica-KPN (Mazovia Province, Poland), 2010–2011
Autorzy:
Majewski, G.
Czechowski, P O
Badyda, A.
Kleniewska, M.
Brandyk, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1819012.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Politechnika Koszalińska. Wydawnictwo Uczelniane
Tematy:
rtęć gazowa
Granica-KPN
powietrze atmosferyczne
atmospheric mercury
mercury measurement
atmospheric air
Opis:
The study presents measurement results of the concentration of total gaseous mercury (TGM) in the atmospheric air of 2010–2011 coming from the only measurement station in the Mazovia Province, the Granica-KPN station (λE 20°27'20" φN 52°◦17'09.088"). A series of measurement results of mercury concentration was used to estimate the model which identifies the influence of chosen measurement results, both imission and meteorological ones, on concentrations of gaseous mercury in the atmospheric air. Due to the number of measurements limited to 2 years, the study made an attempt to perform an initial evaluation of seasonal factors. The analyses used included: the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and a path for the Generalised Regression Model (GRM). Average concentration of TGM in 2010–2011 amounted to 1.52 ng m-3 which is very close to the background values obtained in other European countries. Seasonal dependence of TGM concentration was observed; in the cold half-year the TGM concentration was higher compared to the summer season. The obtained results of identifying the PCA and GRM models enable presenting the following synthetic, final conclusions: The employed models of PCA and GRM show that key factors which shape mercury concentration are the following: suspended dust PM10, gaseous pollutants: SO2 and NO2, and meteorological parameters: air temperature, relative humidity of air and solar radiation intensity. The index of the phenomenon, i.e. the first principal component, identifies this relationship as the strongest and most significant, but it is worth noting that there occurs inversely proportional influence of air temperature and solar radiation intensity. The GRM model shows the occurrence of seasonality in monthly periods and in total as an interaction of the year and the months, which is further confirmed in the PCA model through “distribution” of the effect of specific factors over successive principal components. Ozone, for instance, is connected with the first three components to a different degree (-0.6 with Component 1, 0.3 with Component 2 and 0.62 with Component 3) and not with the first or only one of the components. The PCA model is a linear relationship within each component separately and the relationships, being orthogonal to each other, account for successive parts of the total variance. The variables: ozone, wind velocity and atmospheric pressure are not related to the index of the phenomenon, i.e. to the first component. They are related to next principal components, which may prove a strong irregularity of the relationships or the occurrence of seasonality. To build the model, the study used data from a period of two years: 2010 and 2011. It does not give a sufficient number of observations for stable identification of seasonality (at least 5 repetitive periods) and further correlations of factors, i.e. successive principal components. Those components may indicate not so much the absence of measurement correlations with mercury, but a non-linear character or a strong dependence on various seasonal influences, such as yearly, seasonal or monthly fluctuations.
Źródło:
Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska; 2013, Tom 15, cz. 2; 1302-1317
1506-218X
Pojawia się w:
Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Atmospheric precipitation of the summer seasonin the Kaffiöyra region (North-West Spitsbergen)
Autorzy:
Marciniak, Kazimierz
Przybylak, Rajmund
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2057273.pdf
Data publikacji:
1985
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
Spitsbergen
climate
atmospheric precipitation
Źródło:
Polish Polar Research; 1985, 6, 4; 543-559
0138-0338
2081-8262
Pojawia się w:
Polish Polar Research
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Przestrzenna i czasowa zmienność cyrkulacji atmosferycznej na obszarze Polski
Spatial and Temporal Variability of Atmospheric Circulation in the Area of Poland
Autorzy:
Piotrowski, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/163869.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwa Geofizyczne
Tematy:
cyrkulacja atmosferyczna
dynamika cyrkulacji atmosferycznej
zmienność przestrzenna cyrkulacji atmosferycznej
atmospheric circulation
atmospheric circulation dynamic
spatial variability of atmospheric circulation
Opis:
Oceny zmienności warunków cyrkulacyjnych na obszarze Polski względem jej centrum dokonano na podstawie charakteru cyrkulacji atmosferycznej, kierunku adwekcji i typologii cyrkulacyjnej opartej na dwóch wymienionych wskaźnikach cyrkulacji. Wyniki analizy poszczególnych wskaźników cyrkulacji atmosferycznej wykazały duży spadek zgodności wskaźników wraz z oddalaniem się od centrum Polski. Największą zgodność uzyskano w przypadku charakteru cyrkulacji atmosferycznej, a najmniejszą w przypadku typów cyrkulacji. W odległości 100 km od centralnego punktu wzorcowego stwierdzono zmianę typu cyrkulacji atmosferycznej w ok. 20-25% przypadków, a w odległości 300 km – w ok. 40%, a na południu Polski nawet więcej niż w połowie przypadków. Dynamikę zmian warunków cyrkulacyjnych na obszarze Polski sprawdzono opierając się na 16 typach cyrkulacji atmosferycznej określonych co 6 godzin i wyznaczonych metodą Jenkinsona i Collisona. Największe przestrzenne zróżnicowanie częstości zmian typu cyrkulacji atmosferycznej na inny odnotowano latem, a najmniejsze jesienią.
Evaluations of the variability of the atmospheric circulation in the area of Poland in relation to the center of country taken into account of the cyclonic and anticyclonic circulation, the direction of advection and circulation typology based on the above-mentioned two indices of atmospheric circulation. The results of the analysis of particular atmospheric circulation indices showed a significant decrease in the compatibility indices with distance from the center of Poland. The highest compatibility was obtained in the case of the cyclonic and anticyclonic circulation, and the lowest in the case of atmospheric circulation types. At a distance of 100 km from a center of reference point the type of atmospheric circulation changes in approx. 20-25% of cases, and at a distance of 300 km - in approx. 40%, and in the southern part of country even more than half of the cases. The dynamics of changes in the circulation conditions in the area of Poland were checked on the basis of 16 atmospheric circulation types determined every six hours based on the Jenkinson’s and Collison’s method. The highest spatial diversification of frequency of transition the specified atmospheric circulation type to another occurred in summer and lowest in autumn.
Źródło:
Przegląd Geofizyczny; 2017, 1-2; 45-54
0033-2135
Pojawia się w:
Przegląd Geofizyczny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Chemistry of raw humus vs. chemistry of atmospheric precipitation on the example of pine forests of the Pomeranian Lakeland
Autorzy:
Wicik, Bogumił
Mikulska, Małgorzata
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2028863.pdf
Data publikacji:
2004-06-01
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydział Geografii i Studiów Regionalnych
Tematy:
forest litter
humus
atmospheric precipitation
Opis:
This research, conducted for the purposes of the protection of the National Park Bory Tucholskie, contains the results of the investigation of the chemical composition of humus (forest litter) and of atmospheric precipitation. The gathered material allowed determining the fate (accumulation or removal) of chemical elements contained in the pine forest humus as well as to compare the abundance of nutrients in humus and in atmospheric precipitation.
Źródło:
Miscellanea Geographica. Regional Studies on Development; 2004, 11; 51-55
0867-6046
2084-6118
Pojawia się w:
Miscellanea Geographica. Regional Studies on Development
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Influence of Atmospheric and Subsoil Impact on the Evaporation Process During Firefighters Events
Autorzy:
Polanczyk, Andrzej
Piechota-Polanczyk, Aleksandra
Majder-Lopatka, Malgorzata
Dmochowska, Anna
Salamonowicz, Zdzislaw
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2069884.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Politechnika Koszalińska. Wydawnictwo Uczelniane
Tematy:
basis
evaporating liquid
atmospheric factor
Opis:
The influence of sun rays, wind speed, and different type of subsoil on the evaporation process was analyzed. A dedicated experimental set-up for investigation of evaporation process of three liquids (ethanol, petrol and tap water) deposited on glass and sand was created. Results indicated that for porous surfaces wind decreased the amount of evaporated liquids. After substitution of wind with sun rays for porous surface evaporation process increased for ethanol and petrol, respectively. Finally, the influence of both wind and sun rays indicated a 1% and 5% decrease of evaporation intensity for tap water and petrol, respectively. While, a 2% increase of evaporated liquid was observed for ethanol. It was noticed that application of porous surface caused the highest improvement of evaporation process for petrol and tap water, while the lowest for ethanol. Moreover, application of wind together with porous surface increased the intensity of evaporation for all analyzed liquids.
Źródło:
Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska; 2021, 23; 420--433
1506-218X
Pojawia się w:
Rocznik Ochrona Środowiska
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Comparison of linear and circular polarization in foggy environments at UV-NIR wavelengths
Autorzy:
Zeng, Xiangwei
Li, Yahong
Chen, Xueye
Zheng, Hongxia
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2202772.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
polarisation
atmospheric scattering
forward scattering
Opis:
This paper investigates the polarization persistence of linear polarization and circular polarization in foggy environments from ultraviolet (UV) to near-infrared (NIR). Using polarization tracking Monte Carlo simulation for varying particle size, wavelength, refractive index, and detection distance, it is shown that linear polarization and circular polarization exhibit different persistence performance. For wet haze of 0.6 μm mean diameter particles, right-handed circular polarization shows better persistence than parallel polarization at wavelengths of 0.36, 0.543 and 1.0 μm. But parallel polarization shows better persistence at wavelengths of 1.55, 2.1 and 2.4 μm. For wet haze of 1.0 μm mean diameter particles, right-handed circular polarization shows better persistence at wavelengths of 0.36, 0.543, 1.0 and 1.55 μm. But parallel polarization shows better persistence at wavelengths of 2.1 and 2.4 μm. For wet haze of 2.0 μm particles and radiation fog and advection fog, right-handed circular polarization shows better persistence at all simulated wavelengths. In short, right-handed circular polarization persists better than parallel polarization in most scenarios, however, with increasing wavelength and decreasing particle size, parallel polarization gradually persists better than right-handed circular polarization. Finally, anisotropy factor for various particle models is used to map the propagation law of right-handed circular polarization and parallel polarization.
Źródło:
Optica Applicata; 2023, 53, 1; 153--160
0078-5466
1899-7015
Pojawia się w:
Optica Applicata
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Zmienność cyrkulacji atmosfery nad Spitsbergenem w drugiej połowie XX wieku
Variability of atmospheric circulation above Spitsbergen in the second half of 20th Century
Autorzy:
Niedźwiedź, T.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/260957.pdf
Data publikacji:
2001
Wydawca:
Stowarzyszenie Klimatologów Polskich
Tematy:
cyrkulacja atmosfery
Spitsbergen
atmospheric circulation
Opis:
The study presents variability of different circulation indices above the Spitsbergen for the period 1951-2000. Investigated area covers the part of the Atlantic sector of the Arctic located between 75-80°N and 0-30°E. The study based on the original calendar of circulation types (Niedźwiedź 1981, 2001), prepared with the help of the synoptic maps of Europe (Europäischer Wetterbericht, 1976-2000, Tägliche Wetterbericht 1950-1975). Twenty circulation types have been distinguished. The advection directions are marked by the capital letters while the anticyclonic situations by the subscript a and the cyclonic ones by subscript c; for example, Wa and Wc denote the anticyclonic and cyclonic situations respectively, with the air advection from the West. Thus, there are 16 circulation types with definite directions of the air masses. The other 5 situations are nonadvective: Ca - centre of anticyclone, Ka - anticyclonic wedge, Cc - centre of cyclone, Bc - cyclonic trough, and x - col and the situations which cannot be classified. This classification is similar to Lamb (1972) types and based on methods described in the most important works in synoptic climatology (Barry an Perry 1974, Yarnal 1993). The frequencies of the occurrence of all the distinguished circulation types for the 50-years period of 1951-2000 are presented on the table 4. On the average, the anticyclonic wedge (Ka ? 10.4 %) is the most frequent in the Spitsbergen. The second one is situation Ec and NE occurs during 9.9 and 8.8% of the days. The centre of high pressure over Spitsbergen (1.3 % of the days) and the NW situation (1.5 % of the days) are the least frequent. Weather and climate of Spitsbergen are modelled by the intensive cyclonic activity during 56 % of the days in a year. The largest frequency of the occurrence of low pressure systems is characteristic for the period from September to March with maximum in November (66 %), December and January (65%). The number of days with high pressure systems exceeds 50 % only in May (59 %). The variability of circulation have been obtained using the simple circulation indices: zonal westerly circulation W index, similar to P progression index, index of southerly circulation - S, and index of cyclonicity - C, as proposed by R. Murray and R. Lewis (1966) with some modifications. The author of this paper calculated these indices for each year, season and month (tables 1-3). The most characteristic for Spitsbergen is the zonal form of circulation with the eastern component (W = -147 for a year) with the great intensity in the period from October to April (March ?20.9). The minimum in the eastern air-flow can be observed in summer (July +0.7). Another characteristic feature for Spitsbergen is predomination of the cyclonic patterns (index C = 56 for a year), especially in the period from September to March (November 12.8). In May the index C is negative (-9.4), which confirms the great activity of anticyclonic pattern. Among the southerly circulation forms the northern component dominates (index S = -36 for a year). Only in July and August the opposite situation can be observed. Circulation forms over Spitsbergen have been fluctuated in the long-term period. In 1951-2000 the greatest changes have been observed in the indices C and W (fig. 3-7). Significant increasing trend was observed in annual values of C and S indices. Southerly circulation index S is well connected with North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) index (table 6). The best correlation between the mean temperature at Hornsund and circulation indices exists for the S index (table 7).
Źródło:
Problemy Klimatologii Polarnej; 2001, 11; 7-26
1234-0715
Pojawia się w:
Problemy Klimatologii Polarnej
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The frequency of normal and abnormal sums of atmospheric falls in Lebork in 1861-2000
Częstość okresów normalnych i anormalnych sum opadów atmosferycznych w Łęborku w latach 1861-2000
Autorzy:
Kirschenstein, M.
Baranowski, D.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/85135.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008
Wydawca:
Akademia Pomorska w Słupsku
Tematy:
atmospheric fall normal sum
atmospheric fall abnormal sum
atmospheric fall
Lebork town
dry period
wet period
season
extremely condition
extremely wet
extremely dry
Opis:
The authors of the present paper made an attempt to determine frequency of average, dry and wet periods for months, seasons, half-years and years. Additionally a comparison of data recorded dur-ing 140 years allows to check the structure of excessively wet and excessively dry years’ patterns. The present paper is based on the Z. Kaczorowska’s classification (1962).
Przeprowadzono ocenę częstości pojawiania się okresów przeciętnych, suchych i wilgotnych dla miesięcy, pór roku, półroczy i roku. Ponadto, zestawienie danych ze 140 lat (1861- -2000) daje możliwość sprawdzenia, w jaki sposób układały się lata nadmiernie wilgotne i nadmiernie suche. W opracowaniu przyjęto klasyfikację Z. Kaczorowskiej (1962). Na podstawie przeprowadzonej analizy udowodniono, że w okresie 1861-2000 częściej występowały lata, półrocza, pory roku i miesiące nadmiernie suche niż nadmiernie wilgotne. W przypadku sum rocznych nie wystąpiły lata skrajnie suche i skrajnie wilgotne, a częstość lat nadmiernie suchych była o 4% większa niż nadmiernie wilgotnych. W półroczu ciepłym również nie wystąpiły lata skrajnie suche, ale pojawiły się lata skrajnie wilgotne. W półroczu chłodnym różnice były większe – wystąpił 1 rok skrajnie suchy i 5 lat skrajnie wilgotnych. Z porównania pór roku wynika, że najwięcej przeciętnych lat wystąpiło – latem, nadmiernie suchych – wiosną i nadmiernie wilgotnych – zimą. Sumy miesięczne charakteryzowały się zmniejszeniem częstości przeciętnych miesięcy i wzrostem skrajnie suchych oraz skrajnie wilgotnych. Najwięcej miesięcy skrajnie suchych wystąpiło w marcu, kwietniu i październiku, natomiast skrajnie wilgotnych – w czerwcu, sierpniu, wrześniu, listopadzie i grudniu. Największe wahania względem średniej wieloletniej wystąpiły w październiku (3-329%). Określenie czasu trwania okresów przeciętnych, suchych i wilgotnych potwierdza bardzo dużą zmienność występujących po sobie okresów z nadmiarem lub niedoborem opadów: – najdłuższe okresy trwały 7 lat i wystąpiły 3 razy w miesiącach nadmiernie suchych (styczeń, marzec, listopad) oraz 1 raz wiosną, która była nadmiernie wilgotna, – na ogół okresy nadmiernie suche trwały dłużej niż nadmiernie wilgotne, – bardzo krótko trwały okresy przeciętne. Tylko w lipcu wystąpił okres sześcioletni (1890-1895), w styczniu i sierpniu najdłuższe okresy trwały 3 lata, w pozostałych miesiącach 2 lata, wyjątek stanowi wrzesień, w którym okres nie był dłuższy niż rok.
Źródło:
Baltic Coastal Zone. Journal of Ecology and Protection of the Coastline; 2008, 12
1643-0115
Pojawia się w:
Baltic Coastal Zone. Journal of Ecology and Protection of the Coastline
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The correlation between the meteorological conditions and the concentration of radionuclides in the ground layer of atmospheric air
Autorzy:
Krajny, E.
Ośródka, L.
Wojtylak, M.
Michalik, B.
Skowronek, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/148116.pdf
Data publikacji:
2001
Wydawca:
Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Tematy:
atmospheric air
meteorology
neural network
radionuclides
Opis:
The main goal of this work was to find correlation between the concentrations of radionuclides in outdoor air and the meteorological conditions like: air temperature, atmospheric pressure, wind velocity and amount of precipitation. Because the sampling period of radionuclides concentrations in air was relatively long (7 days), the average levels of meteorological parameters have been calculated within the same time. Data of radionuclide concentrations and meteorological data have been analyzed in order to find statistical correlation. The regression analysis and one of the AI methods, known as neural network, were applied. In general, analysis of the gathered data does not show any strong correlation between the meteorological conditions and the concentrations of radionuclides in air. A slightly stronger correlation we found for radionuclides with relatively short half-lives. The only positive correlation has been found between the Be-7 concentration and air temperature (at the significance level á=0.05). In our opinion, the lack of correlation was caused by a too long sampling time in measurements of radionuclides in outdoor air (a whole week). Results of the analysis received by means of the artificial neuron network are better. We were able to find certain groups of meteorological conditions, related with the corresponding concentrations of particular radionuclides in air. Preliminary measurements of radon progeny concentration support the thesis that the link between changes of meteorological parameters and concentrations of radionuclides in ambient air must exist.
Źródło:
Nukleonika; 2001, 46, 4; 189-194
0029-5922
1508-5791
Pojawia się w:
Nukleonika
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Mineralogical and oxygen isotope composition of inorganic dust-fall in Wrocław (SW Poland) urban area – test of a new monitoring tool
Autorzy:
Górka, M.
Jędrysek, M.-O.
Lewicka-Szczebak, D.
Krajniak, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2059011.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Państwowy Instytut Geologiczny – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Tematy:
atmospheric particles
anthropogenic
oxygen isotopes
Wrocław
Opis:
We have analysed the mineralogical and oxygen isotope composition of solid inorganic atmospheric particles (SIAP) in Wrocław (SW Poland) to determine potential natural and anthropogenic sources of deposited dust. The mineralogical compositions of SIAP and local soils are very similar and quite typical. Dust sources were attributed to high emission sources (two large coal-fired power generation plants, i.e., "Wrocław and "Czechnica") and low emission sources (mostly small furnaces for home heating). A mullite phase was confirmed in the non-magnetic fraction of high emission dust. The δ18181818
Źródło:
Geological Quarterly; 2011, 55, 1; 71-80
1641-7291
Pojawia się w:
Geological Quarterly
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Regression model of water demand for the city of Lodz as a function of atmospheric factors
Autorzy:
Domański, Czesław
Kubacki, Robert
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2107156.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022-06-14
Wydawca:
Główny Urząd Statystyczny
Tematy:
water demand
atmospheric factors
regression model
Opis:
One of the Sustainable Development Goals (Goal 6) set by the United Nations is to provide people with access to water and sanitation through sustainable water resources management. Water supply companies carrying out tasks commissioned by local authorities ensure there is an optimal amount of water in the water supply system. The aim of this study is to present the results of the work on a statistical model which determined the influence of individual atmospheric factors on the demand for water in the city of Lodz, Poland, in 2010-2019. In order to build the model, the study used data from the Water Supply and Sewage System Company (Zakład Wodociągów i Kanalizacji Sp. z o.o.) in the city of Lodz complemented with data on weather conditions in the studied period. The analysis showed that the constructed models make it possible to perform a forecast of water demand depending on the expected weather conditions.
Źródło:
Statistics in Transition new series; 2022, 23, 2; 153-161
1234-7655
Pojawia się w:
Statistics in Transition new series
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A fast dehazing method with high color fidelity
Autorzy:
Shan, Y.
Ge, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/174419.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
digital image processing
atmospheric scattering
dehazing
Opis:
In this paper, we present a fog image degradation model with the combination of HSI color space and the atmosphere scattering model. Based on the model, a fast dehazing method with high color fidelity has been proposed. The main advantage of the proposed method compared with others is its speed. This speed allows the method to be applied within real-time processing applications as a step of preprocessing. Another advantage is the possibility to handle both color images and gray level images. The algorithm depends only on on two parameters, and both are easy to set. Experiments on haze images demonstrate that the proposed method can achieve wonderful image visibility with a higher computing speed.
Źródło:
Optica Applicata; 2018, 48, 3; 515-527
0078-5466
1899-7015
Pojawia się w:
Optica Applicata
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Dynamic evolution and classification of coherent vortices in atmospheric turbulence
Autorzy:
Zeng, J.
Li, J
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/174463.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
vortex beam
coherent vortices
atmospheric turbulence
Opis:
Based on the extended Huygens–Fresnel principle, the analytical expressions for the cross-spectral density function of partially coherent sine-Gaussian vortex beams and partially coherent sine-Gaussian non-vortex beams propagating through free space and atmospheric turbulence are derived, and used to study the dynamic evolution behavior of coherent vortices in free space and atmospheric turbulence. According to the creation, the coherent vortices are grouped into three classes: the first is their inherent coherent vortices of the vortex beam, the second is created by the vortex beam itself during transmission process in free space, and the third is created by the atmospheric turbulence inducing the vortex beam.
Źródło:
Optica Applicata; 2015, 45, 3; 299-308
0078-5466
1899-7015
Pojawia się w:
Optica Applicata
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Comparative chemical characteristics of precipitation in the Hornsund region (SW Spitsbergen) in the years 1993-1994 and 1998-1999
Autorzy:
Burzyk, Maciej
Burzyk, Jerzy
Głowacki, Piotr
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2052394.pdf
Data publikacji:
2001
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
Arctic
Spitsbergen
Hornsund
precipitation
atmospheric circulation
Źródło:
Polish Polar Research; 2001, 22, 3-4; 233-247
0138-0338
2081-8262
Pojawia się w:
Polish Polar Research
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Delta13C of organic atmospheric dust deposited in Wrocław (SW Poland): critical remarks on the passive method
Autorzy:
Górka, M.
Jędrysek, M. O.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2060221.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008
Wydawca:
Państwowy Instytut Geologiczny – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Tematy:
solid organic atmospheric particles
carbon isotopes
Opis:
This paper reports the results of the application of passive collectors to the collection of solid organic atmospheric particles (SOAP) in Wrocław (SW Poland) to carry out stable carbon isotope analyses. delta exp.13C (SOAP) values collected during the vegetation-free period, from November to March, vary in a narrow range from -24.5 to -27.8‰. We show that d13C (SOAP) is able to provide information about atmospheric pollution with respect to different emission sources. delta exp.13C (SOAP) values collected during the period of vegetation growth, from April to October, show a wide range from -20.5 to -26.9‰. The most probable explanations for the 13C- enriched values in summer are that: (i) the SOAP have been contaminated with fresh and decomposed organic matter in the passive collector and/or (ii) SOAP are derived from out side the city or from out side Poland (C4 plant particles). There fore, the d13C (SOAP) may not represent a strictly anthropogenic im pact. The passive collector method for the (SOAP) collection should be applied only in areas with dry deposition of atmospheric dust where deposited organic matter is not de composed in the water contained in collectors. We recommend the use of active sampling methods (hi-volume sampler) to collect SOAP use ful for carbon isotope analyses.
Źródło:
Geological Quarterly; 2008, 52, 2; 115-115
1641-7291
Pojawia się w:
Geological Quarterly
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Mild Method to Synthesize TATB by Amination of 1,3,5-Trialkoxy-2,4,6-Trinitrobenzene under Phase Transfer Catalysis Conditions
Autorzy:
Chang, T.
Li, B.
Chen, L.
Ge, L.
Lu, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/358103.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Przemysłu Organicznego
Tematy:
TATB
phase transfer catalysis
atmospheric amination reaction
Opis:
Nucleophilic amination, as a vital step in the synthesis of 1,3,5-triamino-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene (TATB) using 1,3,5-trialkoxy-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene (TORTNB) and aqueous ammonia as the starting materials and catalyzed by phase transfer catalysis (PTCs) under mild conditions is described. Various phase transfer catalysts, such as crown ethers, tertiary amines, quaternary ammonium salts, poly ethers and cyclodextrin, and various experimental parameters, such as no. of equivalents of PTC, mole ratio of ammonium hydroxide to the starting material, reaction time, reaction temperature and cycle times of the organic phase were investigated. The crown ethers, especially 18-crown-6, show good catalytic activity and re-usability for the amination of 1,3,5-triethoxy-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene giving a yield of 96.52%. This makes for a safe process and suitable for scale-up, because the reactions are carried out under atmospheric conditions. The material synthesised by the new system was characterized by DSC, SEM and LPS.
Źródło:
Central European Journal of Energetic Materials; 2017, 14, 1; 47-59
1733-7178
Pojawia się w:
Central European Journal of Energetic Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Oddziaływanie przepięć atmosferycznych na bezpieczniki SN: badania wstępne
Effect of atmospheric overvoltages on MV fuses: preliminary research
Autorzy:
Tłustochowicz, Ł.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/267996.pdf
Data publikacji:
2007
Wydawca:
Politechnika Gdańska. Wydział Elektrotechniki i Automatyki
Tematy:
clasp atmospheric
SN fuses transformer
limiter products
Opis:
Obserwowane są liczne przypadki błędnego działania w czasie burz bezpieczników SN chroniących transformatory słupowe SN/nn. W artykule przedstawiono wyniki eksperymentów i symulacji wpływu przepięcia atmosferycznego na zachowanie się bezpieczników SN. Zauważono, że udary krótsze niż około 15 ms nie powodują znacznego zwiększenia całki Joule`a prądu płynącego przez bezpiecznik mogącego doprowadzić do jego zadziałania. Choć w rzeczywistości prądy piorunowe trwają znacznie krócej, to ze względu na częste wyładowania wielokrotne efekt dość długiego, zastępczego impulsu nie jest nieuzasadniony. Wyniki eksperymentu laboratoryjnego i symulacji dla transformatora 3–fazowego potwierdzają możliwość nieprawidłowego działania bezpieczników w czasie burz, rejestrowanego w praktyce i potwierdzonego badaniami dla transformatorów 1–fazowych.
In the literature, frequent nuisance operation during storm of fuses protecting MV/LV pole–mounted transformers has been reported. In the paper results of experiments and numerical simulations dealing with the effect of atmospheric overvoltages on MV fuse operation has been presented. It has been found, that impulses shorter than 15 milliseconds are unable to enforce the dynamic increase of the fuse–through current sufficient for the fuse operation. Although, in practice lightning current impulses are significantly shorter, a great number of discharges consist of multiple strokes. So, the consideration of relatively long substitute impulse can be justified. The results of experiments and numerical simulations carried out for three–phase transformer confirm the possibility of nuisance fuse operation during storms noted in practice and confirmed by Canadians investigating the system based upon a single–phase transformers.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Naukowe Wydziału Elektrotechniki i Automatyki Politechniki Gdańskiej; 2007, 23; 113-116
1425-5766
2353-1290
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Naukowe Wydziału Elektrotechniki i Automatyki Politechniki Gdańskiej
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Recognition of the atmospheric contamination source localization with the Genetic Algorithm
Autorzy:
Wawrzynczak, A.
Jaroszynski, M.
Borysiewicz, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/92891.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Przyrodniczo-Humanistyczny w Siedlcach
Tematy:
genetic algorithm
source characterization
atmospheric dispersion model
Opis:
We have applied the Genetic Algorithm (GA) to the problem of the atmospheric contaminant source localization. The algorithm input data are concentrations of given substance registered by sensor network. To achieve rapid-response event reconstruction,the fast-running Gaussian plume dispersion model is adopted as the forward model. The proposed GA scans 5-dimensional parameters space searching for the contaminant source coordinates (x,y), release strength (Q) and the atmospheric transport dispersion coefficients. Based on the synthetic experiment data the GA parameters like population size, number of generations and the genetic operators best suitable for the algorithm performance are identified. We demonstrate that proposed GA configuration can successfully point out the parameters of abrupt contamination source. Results indicate the probability of a source to occur at a particular location with a particular release rate. The shapes of the probability distribution function of searched parameters values reflect the uncertainty in observed data.
Źródło:
Studia Informatica : systems and information technology; 2015, 1-2(19); 27-42
1731-2264
Pojawia się w:
Studia Informatica : systems and information technology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Forecasting biogas formation in landfills
Autorzy:
Kneba, Zbigniew
Kropiwnicki, Jacek
Hadrzyński, Jakub
Ziółkowski, Maciej
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2204621.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Politechnika Białostocka. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Białostockiej
Tematy:
landfill gas
waste usage
atmospheric conditions
landfills
Opis:
The aim of the present research was to develop a mathematical model for estimating the amount of viscous gas generated as a function of weather conditions. Due to the lack of models for predicting gas formation caused by sudden changes in weather conditions in the literature, such a model was developed in this study using the parameters of landfills recorded for over a year. The effect of temperature on landfill gas production has proved to be of particular interest. We constructed an algorithm for calculating the amount of the produced gas. The model developed in this study could improve the power control of the landfill power plant.
Źródło:
Acta Mechanica et Automatica; 2023, 17, 2; 281--287
1898-4088
2300-5319
Pojawia się w:
Acta Mechanica et Automatica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Obtaining and Analyzing the Al2O3-ZrO2 Ceramic Layers on Metallic Substrate
Autorzy:
Lutcanu, Marian
Coteață, Margareta
Bernevig, Mihai Adrian
Nechifor, Cristina-Delia
Cazacu, Marius Mihai
Paraschiv, Petronela
Istrate, Bogdan
Bădărău, Gheorghe
Sandu, Ioan Gabriel
Cimpoeșu, Nicanor
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2106593.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
ceramic layer
atmospheric plasma spraying
SEM
EDS
Opis:
In this case ceramic layers from Metco ZrO2 and Al2O3 powders mixture (25/75; 50/50 and 75/25) were obtained through atmospheric plasma spraying (APS) after five passes on low carbon steel substrate. The sample surfaces mechanically grinded (160-2400) before and after ceramic layer deposition. Powder’s mixtures and the surface of ceramic thin layers were analyzed through: scanning electron microscopy (SEM). In order to understand the effect of surface wettability of the ceramic layers, before and after grinding the surface, three different liquids were used. Experimental results confirm the modification of the steel substrate surface characteristic from hydrophilic to hydrophobic when the ceramic layer was deposited. Surface free energy of hydration increases for all the samples with zirconia percentage addition before polishing process.
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2022, 67, 2; 479--485
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Effect of circular aperture diffraction on propagation properties of cylindrical vector partially coherent Laguerre–Gaussian beams in turbulent atmosphere
Autorzy:
Peng, Z.
Jia, X.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/173537.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
cylindrical vector beams
diffraction
aperture
atmospheric propagation
Opis:
On the basis of the extended Huygens–Fresnel integral formula, the analytical formulae for the cross-spectral density matrix of the arbitrary cylindrical vector partially coherent Laguerre–Gaussian beams diffracted by a circular aperture in turbulent atmosphere are derived. The average intensity, the degree of polarization, and the degree of coherence of the apertured cylindrical vector partially coherent beams propagating in turbulent atmosphere are investigated. The analyses indicate that both the beam diffraction effect by a circular aperture and the atmospheric turbulence have a great impact on the beam evolution, polarization and coherence properties of the apertured cylindrical vector partially coherent beams.
Źródło:
Optica Applicata; 2018, 48, 3; 421-433
0078-5466
1899-7015
Pojawia się w:
Optica Applicata
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Low atmospheric density measurement based on Rayleigh scattering of an ultraviolet laser
Autorzy:
Wang, R
Yao, J.
Zhong, K.
Miao, Y.
Cui, H.
Zhao, X.
Zhang, C.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/174910.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
atmospheric density measurement
Rayleigh scattering
ultraviolet laser
Opis:
The qualitative measurement of low atmospheric density in the air flow field has been investigated in this paper. The supersonic flow field with Mach number of 1.5 around the NACA0006 aerofoil has been numerically simulated and the transient slight pressure and low density atmosphere have been experimentally determined based on Rayleigh scattering of a 266 nm ultraviolet laser. The scattering patterns have been effectively captured under different atmospheric pressure of 4.5, 92, 470 and 710 Pa with laser energy of only 0.5 mJ. It has been demonstrated that in the pressure range from 4.5 to 1100 Pa, corresponding to the atmospheric density from 4.8105×10–5 kg/m3 to 1.279×10–2 kg/m3, the scattering intensity of an ultraviolet laser is linear to the pressure and density with the slope coefficient of 0.00968 a.u./Pa and 0.83226 a.u./(kg/m3×10–3). It has been proved that Rayleigh scattering is a promising technology for observation of instantaneous and multidimensional distribution of a supersonic flow field.
Źródło:
Optica Applicata; 2013, 43, 3; 597-605
0078-5466
1899-7015
Pojawia się w:
Optica Applicata
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Air pollution and hydromorphological description of the river
Autorzy:
Cichowicz, Robert
Michalska, Barbara
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1178424.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
Tematy:
RHS
atmospheric air
hydromorphological status
pollutant emissions
Opis:
Hydromorphological assessment of surface water status not only takes into account biological and physicochemical components, but also structural characteristics of surface waters including among others: hydrological regime, river continuity and morphological conditions. It should be borne in mind that the quality of surface water is also influenced by atmospheric conditions and the type of pollution that occurs in the areas surrounding the catchment area. Because harmful substances can get into the tanks both as a result of precipitation that can absorb atmospheric pollutants and by leaching from neighboring areas of solid contaminants there. It is therefore important to conduct surface water analysis in conjunction with air quality monitoring.
Źródło:
World Scientific News; 2017, 73; 80-91
2392-2192
Pojawia się w:
World Scientific News
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Temporal and spatial variability of thermal and humidity stimuli in the Hornsund area (Svalbard)
Autorzy:
Araźny, Andrzej
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2041896.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
Arctic
Spitsbergen
biometeorology
climate change
atmospheric circulation
Źródło:
Polish Polar Research; 2019, 40, 1; 29-53
0138-0338
2081-8262
Pojawia się w:
Polish Polar Research
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Warm Waves in North-Western Spitsbergen
Autorzy:
Tomczyk, Arkadiusz Marek
Bednorz, Ewa
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2051145.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
Arctic
Svalbard
air temperature
warming
atmospheric circulation
Źródło:
Polish Polar Research; 2014, 3; 495-511
0138-0338
2081-8262
Pojawia się w:
Polish Polar Research
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Meteorological and biometeorological conditions in the Hornsund area (Spitsbergen) during the warm season
Autorzy:
Araźny, Andrzej
Migała, Krzysztof
Sikora, Sebastian
Budzik, Tomasz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2051598.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
Arctic
South Spitsbergen
meteorology
biometeorology
atmospheric circulation
Źródło:
Polish Polar Research; 2010, 3; 217-238
0138-0338
2081-8262
Pojawia się w:
Polish Polar Research
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Studies of microstructural characteristics of an exchange of an iodine and mercury between the sea and atmosphere in natural Antarctic conditions
Autorzy:
Felkier, Longina
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2058174.pdf
Data publikacji:
1981
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
Antarctic
atmospheric and sea pollution (Hg, J)
Źródło:
Polish Polar Research; 1981, 2, 1-2; 7-15
0138-0338
2081-8262
Pojawia się w:
Polish Polar Research
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Sulphur(IV) Oxidation Catalysed by Manganese(II) Ions Under Conditions Representative for Atmospheric Waters
Utlenianie siarki(IY) katalizowane jonami manganu(II) w warunkach reprezentatywnych dla wód atmosferycznych
Autorzy:
Wilkosz, I.
Smalcerz, D.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/389259.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Towarzystwo Chemii i Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
chemia atmosfery
wody atmosferyczne
utlenianie S(IV)
mangan
kataliza
atmospheric chemistry
atmospheric waters
S(IV) oxidation
manganese
catalysis
Opis:
Results of kinetic studies on the S(IV) oxidation catalysed by Mn(II) ions were presented. Laboratory experiments were carried out at concentrations of reactants and pH of Solutions representative for acidified atmospheric waters. The results indicate that at an initial pH of the reaction solution from 3.5 to 5.0 the reaction rate is independent of S(IV) concentration ie, the reaction is zero order with respect to S(IV) concentration (n = 0). At an initial pH of 6.0 the reaction order n changes with the reaction time. At the beginning of the process n = O, and then it changes into 0. The S(IV) oxidation rate depends on both Mn(II) concentration and initial pH of the solution. Under studied conditions the reaction is fast and it may play a significant role in the total oxidation of S(IV) in the atmosphere in highly polluted areas.
Przedstawiono wyniki badań nad kinetyką utleniania S(IV) katalizowanego jonami Mn(II). Badania laboratoryjne przeprowadzono przy stężeniach reagentów i pH roztworu odpowiadających zakwaszonej wodzie atmosferycznej. Otrzymane wyniki wskazują, że przy początkowym pH roztworu w zakresie od 3,5 do 5,0 szybkość reakcji nie zależy od stężenia S(IV), tj. reakcja jest zerowego rzędu względem stężenia S(1V) (n = 0). Przy początkowym pH 6 rząd reakcji n zmienia się z czasem reakcji. Na początku procesu n = 0, a następnie przyjmuje wartość 0. Szybkość utleniania S(IV) zależy od stężenia Mn(II) i od początkowego pH roztworu. W badanych warunkach reakcja zachodzi szybko i może ona odgrywać znaczącą rolę w całkowitym utlenianiu S(IV) w atmosferze na obszarach silnie zanieczyszczonych.
Źródło:
Ecological Chemistry and Engineering. A; 2010, 17, 2-3; 323-327
1898-6188
2084-4530
Pojawia się w:
Ecological Chemistry and Engineering. A
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Occurrence of Fog at Meteorological Stations Located on the Airport in Poland in the Years 2005-2015
Autorzy:
Skomorowski, A.
Piotrowski, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/163725.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwa Geofizyczne
Tematy:
fog
atmospheric circulation
horizontal visibility
frequency of fog
Opis:
Evaluating synoptic conditions and the incidence of fog cases as well as number of days with fog across a large spatial spectrum such as atmospheric circulation and comparing results to local scale analyzes will help to accurately identify conditions conductive to formation of fogs on the territory of Poland. The aim of the study is to analyze the time of fog formation during the day, fog duration, and the extent of limitation of the horizontal visibility. Data coded in METAR (Meteorological Aerodrome Report) messages was used to perform the analysis of synoptic from 8 stations located at the largest airports in Poland. In the analysis, the main criterion was the number of cases when horizontal visibility limited below 1 km – number of fogs. Results show that there is a clear, seasonal pattern of fog frequency for all stations in this study. For a majority of stations, the minimum number of fogs occurred during the summer months and the maximum number of fogs was observed in October and November. The probability of fogs in the cold half of the year, during the anticyclonic circulation, is slightly higher than during cyclonic circulation and is connected with meridional air advection. In the warm half of the year the probability of fogs during cyclonic circulation increases. Fog duration in most cases did not exceed 3 hours for all stations. At the stations analyzed, fog most often limits the horizontal visibility to 500 m, but there are seasonal differences in the frequency for separated ranges of horizontal visibility.
Źródło:
Przegląd Geofizyczny; 2018, 4; 315-327
0033-2135
Pojawia się w:
Przegląd Geofizyczny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Znaczenie korekcji radiometrycznej w procesie przetwarzania zdjęć satelitarnych
The importance of radiometric correction in satellite images processing
Autorzy:
Osińska-Skotak, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/129866.pdf
Data publikacji:
2007
Wydawca:
Stowarzyszenie Geodetów Polskich
Tematy:
korekcja radiometryczna
korekcja atmosferyczna
radiometric correction
atmospheric correction
Opis:
Korekcja radiometryczna jest wstępnym etapem przetwarzania danych satelitarnych, który ma na celu usuniecie błędów radiometrycznych oraz przede wszystkim przetworzenie obrazu satelitarnego na jednostki radiancji spektralnej, pochodzącej od powierzchni Ziemi lub odbicia spektralnego. Niestety ale w praktyce korekcja radiometryczna obrazów wielospektralnych rzadko kiedy wykonywana jest w pełnym zakresie. Wynika to z kilku różnych przyczyn o charakterze technicznym ale także historycznym, związanych z początkami powstawania technologii przetwarzania danych satelitarnych. I to właśnie te historyczne uwarunkowania wpłynęły na fakt, i_ pełen proces korekcji radiometrycznej rzadko jest stosowany przy przetwarzaniu danych wielospektralnych. A przecie_ wykonanie korekcji radiometrycznej lub jej zaniechanie ma wpływ praktycznie na każdy rodzaj dalszego przetwarzania danych satelitarnych. Artykuł przedstawia idee korekcji radiometrycznej, omawia jej etapy oraz prezentuje przykłady wpływu korekcji radiometrycznej na efekty różnych podstawowych, najczęściej wykonywanych przetworzeń obrazów satelitarnych.
The radiometric correction is and initial stage in satellite data processing, intended to remove radiometric errors and, primarily, to convert the satellite image to a unit of spectral radiance from Earth surface or spectral reflection. However, in practice the radiometric correction of multispectral images is unfortunately rarely performed in the full scope. This is due to various reasons of technical and also historical nature, related to the very beginning of the satellite data processing technologies. It is such historical aspects that have caused the complete radiometric correction process to be rarely performed while processing multi-spectral data. Yet, the performance or failure to perform the radiometric correction affects virtually all further processing of satellite data. The present paper gives an overview of the radiometric correction, describes its stages and presents examples of the effects of radiometric correction on the results of various basic, most frequent processing of satellite images.
Źródło:
Archiwum Fotogrametrii, Kartografii i Teledetekcji; 2007, 17b; 577-590
2083-2214
2391-9477
Pojawia się w:
Archiwum Fotogrametrii, Kartografii i Teledetekcji
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wpływ cyrkulacji atmosfery na wysokie opady w Hornsundzie (Spitsbergen)
Influence of atmospheric circulation on the high precipitation in Hornsund (Spitsberegen)
Autorzy:
Niedźwiedź, T.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/260911.pdf
Data publikacji:
2002
Wydawca:
Stowarzyszenie Klimatologów Polskich
Tematy:
cyrkulacja atmosfery
opady atmosferyczne
Spitsbergen
atmospheric circulation
precipitation
Opis:
Maximum daily precipitation and the number of days with precipitation 10.0 mm was analysed in Polish Polar Station in Hornsund (Spitsbergen), based on the measurements during 8008 days in the period 1978 June - 2000 July. The geographical coordinates of the station are following: j = 77°00? N, l = 15°33? E, Hs = 11 m a.s.l. This region is characterised by relatively large annual precipitation, varied from 230 mm in 1987 up to 640 mm in 1996. The largest diurnal total of precipitation - 58.3 mm was observed on August 1, 1994. The second high value 52.6 mm was noticed on September 6, 1996. During the observed period only 5 times daily precipitation exceeded 40 mm and 14 time was higher than 30 mm. Return period for possible daily precipitation greater than 70 mm is less than once in a hundred years. In the annual course the maximum of precipitation was observed mainly in August and September. Also the largest precipitation appears most often during the advection of air from the South and South-West with cyclones coming from the Atlantic Ocean. Special attention was made to the daily precipitation >=10 mm. they occurred during the 201 days (2.5%) and bringing about 35% of annual total. The probability of such events is highest in autumn (25%) during the south westerly cyclonic circulation type (SWc). Two other circulation types are caused also such precipitation: southern cyclonic type (Sc) with probability 24% and south westerly anticyclonic ones (SWa), with probability 11.5%. During the last decade of 20th century there was observed the increasing tendency in frequency of large precipitation in Hornsund. The sudden increase take place since 1994. These changes were connected with greater frequency in the intensity of westerly and southerly atmospheric circulation expressed by the zonal and meridional circulation indices.
Źródło:
Problemy Klimatologii Polarnej; 2002, 12; 65-75
1234-0715
Pojawia się w:
Problemy Klimatologii Polarnej
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Zapylenie powietrza atmosferycznego na terenie lubelskiej aglomeracji miejskiej i okolic
Atmospheric air pollution with dust in the urban agglomeration of Lublin and its surroundings
Autorzy:
Chmielowiec-Korzeniowska, A.
Popiołek-Pyrz, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/272400.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008
Wydawca:
Górnośląska Wyższa Szkoła Pedagogiczna im. Kardynała Augusta Hlonda
Tematy:
zapylenie
powietrze atmosferyczne
aglomeracja
pollution
atmospheric air
agglomeration
Opis:
Celem prowadzonych badań była analiza zanieczyszczeń pyłowych powietrza atmosferycznego na terenach o różnym nasileniu antropopresji, obejmujących aglomerację miejską i jej okolice. Materiałem badań było powietrze atmosferyczne miasta Lublina i jego okolic. Wytypowane stanowiska badawcze miały związek z lokalizacją miejsc o przypuszczalnie największej emisji zanieczyszczeń pyłowych oraz miejsc o przypuszczalnie najmniejszej emisji zanieczyszczeń pyłowych (punkty poza granicami miasta. Wartości stężenia pyłu całkowitego w lubelskiej aglomeracji miejskiej rosły od poziomu 5,93 mg/m3 na obrzeżach, poza granicami miasta, do wartości maksymalnych w centrum miasta. Najwyższe wartości stężenia w Lublinie wystąpiły przy arterii komunikacyjnej, gdzie osiągały maksymalny poziom 46,6 mg/m3. Wiosną, podczas intensywnego pylenia drzew odnotowano największe stężenia pyłu całkowitego na terenach obficie zadrzewionych. W parku miejskim stężenie pyłu całkowitego sięgało 19,1mg/m3, zaś na terenach rekreacyjnych, zalesionych aż 36.6 mg/m3, podczas gdy w pozostałych punktach odnotowano bardzo niskie stężenia, kształtujące się na poziomie od 1,60 do 4,10 mg/m3.
Atmospheric air pollution with dust in the urban agglomeration of Lublin and its surroundings. The conducted research was aimed at analyzing the dust pollutants of the atmospheric air in areas under different anthropopressure including an urban agglomeration and its surroundings. The material for studies was atmospheric air of Lubin and its vicinity. The selected research points were determined in locations recognized as having the highest and the lowest emission level of dust pollutants (located outside the city borders). The concentration values of total particulate matter within the Lublin agglomeration ranged from 5,93mg/m3 at the city outskirts to maximum values in the city center. The highest PM concentrations on the level of 46,6 mg/m3 were observed by the main communication route. In spring, during intensive tree pollination, the highest PM concentrations were noted in areas with dense tree cover. In a municipal park, the total PM concentration reached 19,1 mg/m3, and in an afforested recreation area: as much as 36,6 mg/m3 while in other points very low concentrations were observed, on the level of 1,60 do 4,10 mg/m3.
Źródło:
Problemy Ekologii; 2008, R. 12, nr 2, 2; 69-72
1427-3381
Pojawia się w:
Problemy Ekologii
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Study on Solving Drinking Water Problems of a Household in Coastal regions of Odisha, India
Autorzy:
Mohapatra, Ramesh Chandra
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1062896.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
Tematy:
Atmospheric Water Generator
Dehumidifier unit
Desalination
Relative humidity
Opis:
Though water covers more than two-third (about 70%) of the earth’s surface, still fresh water used for drinking purposes remains scarce (only about 2.5%). This is mainly due to presence of long coastlines & island nations. As a result most of the countries meet their water demands by desalination of sea water which is a very costly affair. In India, the state like Odisha has a long coastline. Till now Odisha has not developed a method from which water from sea can be used to provide drinking water to the people. The aim of this present work is to develop a portable device that can be used to meet the water requirement of a regular household. The device will first condense the water present in the atmosphere & then purify it so that it can be used for drinking. Such a device is called Atmospheric Water Generator. From this work, it was found that if the ambient temperature is 35 ºC or higher & if the relative humidity is greater than 50% then the device will function well & it will start condensing water. Thus in order to work the device in coastal areas of Odisha metrological datas are collected from internet for major coastal cities of Odisha and found that the relative humidity of coastal cities in Odisha remains above 50% throughout the year. Hence the developed device will work round the year without any problem.
Źródło:
World Scientific News; 2019, 127, 3; 311-324
2392-2192
Pojawia się w:
World Scientific News
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Infrared Sensor to Predict Atmospheric Visibility and Rainfall Rate
Autorzy:
Holejko, K.
Czarnecki, T.
Perlicki, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/227162.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
light scattering
atmospheric visibility
rainfall rate
rain gauge
Opis:
The presented paper describes an instrument called Aurometer which was designed for both atmospheric visibility and rainfall rate measurement. The principle of operation of Aurometer is based on determining the amount of light scatteredby particles in the air that passes through the sample volume. The achieved results show that simultaneous estimation of the atmospheric visibility.
Źródło:
International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications; 2013, 59, 2; 109-112
2300-1933
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Warm winter and cold summer spells in Spitsbergen and their circulation conditions
Autorzy:
Tomczyk, Arkadiusz M.
Łupikasza, Ewa B.
Kendzierski, Sebastian
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2041846.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
Arctic
Svalbard
thermal spells
climate change
atmospheric circulation
Źródło:
Polish Polar Research; 2019, 40, 4; 339-359
0138-0338
2081-8262
Pojawia się w:
Polish Polar Research
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Analysis of the atmospheric precipitation deficiencies in the selected ground vegetables cultivation in the region of Bydgoszcz
Autorzy:
Durau-Banaszewska, B.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/101662.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Stowarzyszenie Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich PAN
Tematy:
atmospheric precipitation
precipitation deficit
bean
pea
cucumber
tomato
Opis:
Vegetables are considered to be plants with high water requirements. A greater susceptibility to water deficit occurs in the periods of intensive growth and yield formation. At that time even a slight reduction in water supply can deteriorate yielding, thus those periods are referred to as critical periods in terms of water supply. The aim of this paper has been to analyse the pattern of precipitation deficits for the ground cultivation of cucumber, tomato, beans and peas in the Bydgoszcz region in the thirty-year period 1981-2010. The basic of analysis were results of standard meteorological measurements from the Research Station of the Faculty of Agriculture and Biotechnology ‚Mochełek’, University of Technology and Life Sciences. Values of optimal precipitation for medium soils were calculated according to Klatt. Atmospheric precipitation deficits in subsequent month of selected vegetables cultivation were calculated by diminish between the real and optimal precipitation. The trends of deficiency of precipitation in the examined period were estimated too. Very frequent occurrence of the atmospheric precipitation deficits during the entire cultivation period of selected vegetables, and especially in critical periods was demonstrated. Slight decreasing tendency of precipitation deficits in a vegetation periods was indicated, however in a critical periods in terms of water supply, the trend line remains at a practically constant level. The results obtained indicate the necessity of the irrigation in the cultivation of peas, beans, cucumbers and tomatoes.
Źródło:
Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich; 2017, II/1; 495-507
1732-5587
Pojawia się w:
Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Problemy korozyjne w przemyśle rafineryjnym
Corrosion problems in the refinery industry
Autorzy:
Ptak, Stefan
Pomykała, Kamil
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2143290.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Instytut Nafty i Gazu - Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Tematy:
korozja atmosferyczna
korozja
rafineria
corrosion
atmospheric corrosion
refinery
Opis:
Problemy korozji atmosferycznej i korozji związanej z oddziaływaniem różnych mediów w procesach technologicznych oraz towarzysząca im ochrona antykorozyjna metali występują we wszystkich dziedzinach techniki. Korozja atmosferyczna powoduje największe straty ekonomiczne spośród wszystkich znanych rodzajów korozji, a podstawowe znaczenie dla jej przebiegu ma tlen, który jako akceptor elektronów wywiera zasadniczy wpływ na korozję metali. Następnym czynnikiem mającym wpływ na korozję jest woda, która gromadzi się na powierzchni metali. Obecność ciekłej warstewki wody na powierzchni metalu powoduje absorpcję obecnych w atmosferze agresywnych substancji korozyjnych i znaczne przyspieszenie korozji. Kolejnym związkiem chemicznym mającym wpływ na korozję jest dwutlenek węgla, który charakteryzuje się wysoką rozpuszczalnością w wodzie, przez co tworzy z zawartą w powietrzu wodą roztwory kwaśne. Spośród czynników fizycznych podstawowe znaczenie dla przebiegu atmosferycznej korozji metali mają temperatura i jej zmiany oraz ruch powietrza. Korozja powoduje niszczenie materiałów pod wpływem chemicznej lub elektrochemicznej reakcji z otaczającym środowiskiem i/lub na skutek działania mikroorganizmów, a biorąc pod uwagę geometrię i umiejscowienie obszarów zmian korozyjnych oraz uwarunkowania zachodzących zjawisk wyróżnia się różne rodzaje korozji. Zjawisko korozji jest wszechobecnym zagrożeniem wpływającym na prace instalacji technologicznych zarówno rafinerii, jak i powiązanych z nią zakładów petrochemicznych. Korozja jest ogólnie definiowana jako stopniowe niszczenie materiałów zachodzące między ich powierzchnią a otaczającym środowiskiem. Koncerny rafineryjne i petrochemiczne na ochronę przeciwkorozyjną przeznaczają ogromne środki finansowe, jako że niekontrolowana korozja instalacji technologicznych prowadzi do znacznych strat w produkcji oraz do wzrostu kosztów utrzymania i napraw. W artykule scharakteryzowano powstawanie korozji atmosferycznej i korozji związanej z przerobem ropy naftowej w instalacjach technologicznych. Opisano rodzaje korozji i mechanizm jej powstawania. Zaprezentowane zostały sposoby zapobiegania korozji w instalacjach technologicznych przerobu ropy naftowej – ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem ochrony antykorozyjnej związanej ze stosowaniem inhibitorów korozji do ciągłego dozowania. W dalszej części artykułu, na przykładzie dwóch instalacji, przedstawiono sposoby ochrony antykorozyjnej przy użyciu inhibitorów korozji oraz metodyki badań analitycznych procesów korozji.
The problems of atmospheric corrosion and corrosion related to the impact of various media in technological processes and the accompanying anti-corrosion protection of metals occur in all fields of technology. Atmospheric corrosion causes the greatest economic losses among all known types of corrosion, and fundamental to the course of atmospheric corrosion is oxygen, which as an electron acceptor has a major influence on the corrosion of metals. Electrochemical corrosion processes cannot occur without oxygen. Another factor influencing corrosion is water accumulating on the surface of metals. The presence of a liquid layer of water on the metal surface causes the absorption of aggressive corrosive substances present in the atmosphere and a significant acceleration of the corrosion rate. Another chemical compound that affects corrosion is carbon dioxide, which is highly soluble in water and forms acidic solutions with the water in the air. Among the physical factors, temperature and its changes, as well as air movement are of fundamental importance for the course of atmospheric corrosion of metals. Corrosion causes destruction of materials as a result of chemical or electrochemical reactions with the surrounding environment and/or as a result of the action of microorganisms, and taking into account the geometry and location of the areas of corrosion changes and the conditions of the occurring phenomena, different types of corrosion are distinguished. The phenomenon of corrosion presents a ubiquitous threat, affecting the running of technological installations of both refineries and related petrochemical plants. Corrosion is generally defined as the gradual deterioration of materials between their surface and the surrounding environment. Refining and petrochemical concerns spend enormous financial resources on anti-corrosion protection as uncontrolled corrosion of technological installations leads to significant production losses and an increase in maintenance and repair costs. The article describes the formation of atmospheric corrosion and corrosion associated with the processing of crude oil in technological installations. The types of corrosion and the mechanism of its formation are described. Ways of preventing corrosion in technological installations of crude oil processing are presented, with particular emphasis on corrosion protection related to the use of corrosion inhibitors for continuous dosing. In the further part of the article, on the example of two installations, methods of anticorrosion protection using corrosion inhibitors and methodologies for analytical testing of corrosion processes are presented.
Źródło:
Nafta-Gaz; 2022, 78, 4; 312-323
0867-8871
Pojawia się w:
Nafta-Gaz
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Factors determining the occurrence and number of bacteria of the genus Azotobacter in the soil environment
Autorzy:
Kozieł, Monika
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/26917707.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Instytut Uprawy Nawożenia i Gleboznawstwa – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Tematy:
soil properties
pH
Azotobacter spp.
atmospheric nitrogen fixation
Opis:
Bacteria belonging to the genus Azotobacter are microorganisms commonly found in various soils all over the world and capable of fixing atmospheric nitrogen. The biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) process annually supplies approximately140–170 million tons of this element to the nitrogen cycle, which is of great importance from an ecological and practical point of view. Although the efficiency of atmospheric nitrogen fixation by Azotobacter spp. is relatively high and amounts to 20 mg N per1 g of glucose used, these bacteria are sensitive to various environmental factors, including soil reaction, contents of organic matter, soil humidity or nutrient content, and their abundance in soils is small. These bacteria secrete numerous biologically active substances into the soil environment, which have a beneficial effect on the development of plants, which from the ecological point of view plays an important role in the functioning of agricultural ecosystems. An additional advantage of bacteria belonging to the genus Azotobacter, which speaks for their use in agriculture, is the ability to produce antifungal and solubilization of insoluble phosphates. Research on Azotobacter spp. proves that the concentration of hydrogen ions (pH) is a significant factor which determines the presence of this group of bacteria in the soil environment. Many other soil properties have a large impact on the presence and development of this important agricultural group of bacteria. The aim of the work was to systematize the knowledge on the known occurrence conditions and ecological relationships and interactions between environmental factors and the presence and abundance of Azotobacter bacteria in soils.
Źródło:
Polish Journal of Agronomy; 2023, 52; 14-21
2081-2787
Pojawia się w:
Polish Journal of Agronomy
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Impact of atmospheric circulation on the occurrence of very strong and extreme cold stress in Poland
Autorzy:
Owczarek, Małgorzata
Tomczyk, Arkadiusz M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/15804893.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
bioclimatology
UTCI
atmospheric circulation
cold stress
winter
Polska
Opis:
The primary objective of the study was the determination of the spatial and multiannual variability of occurrence of days with very strong and extreme cold stress in Poland according to the Universal Thermal Climate Index (UTCI), as well as determination of baric conditions favouring their occurrence. The study was based on data from the years 1966/67 to 2018/19 from the Institute of Meteorology and Water Management – National Research Institute and National Centre for Environmental Prediction/National Centre for Atmospheric Research (NCEP/NCAR). The research showed a statistically significant decrease in the number of days with very strong and extreme cold stress on half of the analysed stations, and a slight tendency or no changes on the remaining stations. The occurrence of days with extreme cold stress in Poland, as revealed by the analysis was primarily related to the presence of high-pressure systems blocking zonal circulation. The study resulted in the designation of three circulation types, i.e. two types related to anticyclonic systems and one cyclonic type.
Źródło:
Quaestiones Geographicae; 2022, 41, 3; 111-126
0137-477X
2081-6383
Pojawia się w:
Quaestiones Geographicae
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Infrasound fluctuations during heavy fog event in the Arctic: A case study
Autorzy:
Shumilov, Oleg I.
Kasatkina, Elena A.
Makarov, Dmitry V.
Krapiec, Marek
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/16538444.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czasopisma i Monografie PAN
Tematy:
Arctic
Kola
infrasonic waves
atmospheric electric field oscillations
Opis:
Extremely dense fog event was studied on the 3rd December 2001, which occurred in the city of Apatity, the Kola Peninsula, northwestern Russia. Fog had low visibility (30–50 m) and lasted 17 h. Variations of atmospheric pressure and electric field before and during the fog event were measured. Multiple Taper Method (MTM) of spectral analysis has revealed pulsations of the atmospheric electric field in the frequency band of 0.007–0.05 Hz with a power-law turbulence spectrum. MTM and wavelet decomposition analysis results indicate the appearance of two types of atmospheric pressure oscillations under the fog conditions: low-frequency variations with periods of internal gravity waves and a substantial increase in pulsation intensity (more than an order of magnitude) in the high frequency (0.03–0.35 Hz) range. These results may help to improve the understanding of the microphysics of fog formation, development, and dissipation. High-frequency pulsations generation of atmospheric pressure under the fog conditions is also of interest because their period is close to the range of infrasonic oscillations, which can have negative consequences for human health.
Źródło:
Polish Polar Research; 2021, 42, 3; 193-201
0138-0338
2081-8262
Pojawia się w:
Polish Polar Research
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Laser frequency stability estimation and velocity measurement in the atmosphere with self-heterodyne
Autorzy:
Zhang, H.
Wang, H.
Zhao, S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/174066.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
frequency stability
atmospheric propagation
self-heterodyne
Doppler velocity
Opis:
We present a novel method of self-heterodyne for laser frequency stability estimation in the atmosphere. At the same time, it is used in the Doppler velocity measurement for moving targets in the atmosphere. The transmission range is 16.2 km (round-trip propagation with 8.1 km) in the horizontal atmospheric path, and the measuring results showed that the frequency stability of the whole laser detection system is 53.4 kHz with 20.7 kHz stand deviation. This frequency stability is the integrated influence with the whole detection system not just for the laser, but it can be considered as the estimation of the laser’s frequency stability. It is much more practical for the heterodyne detection in the atmosphere. At last, the method of self-heterodyne was used for 16.2 km round trip velocity measurement. It is showed that the velocity absolute error is less than 1.5 cm/s in the turbulent atmosphere, and the relative error is not higher than 5%.
Źródło:
Optica Applicata; 2016, 46, 2; 305-316
0078-5466
1899-7015
Pojawia się w:
Optica Applicata
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The climatic background of agricultural production in Poland (1951 - 2000)
Autorzy:
Żmudzka, Elwira
Kwiatkowska, Joanna M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2029390.pdf
Data publikacji:
2004-06-01
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydział Geografii i Studiów Regionalnych
Tematy:
air temperature
atmospheric precipitation
variability
crop production
Polska
Opis:
This article presents the results of studies conducted on the variability of thermal and precipitation conditions in Poland in the second half of the 20th century, especially taking into consideration periods which were unfavorable for agricultural production. Averaged spatial temperatures and precipitation totals from consecutive years 1951 to 2000 were used. A significant increase in spring temperatures was noted, while the winters also became warmer. This had a significant effect upon the change of the thermal vegetation period's duration. No changing trends were noted with regard to the amount of precipitation.The analysis of the seasonal structure during the anomalous years, with regard to temperature and the amount of precipitation, made it possible to pinpoint years particularly unfavorable for agricultural production. There was a certain repeatability of unfavorable conditions, tied to the existence of a relatively stable 8-year cycle of temperature change, which was especially noticeable during the wintertime. During the last two decades of the 20th century, high temperature values, occurring also in the summertime, in combination with insufficient precipitation, contributed to the occurrence of dry spells and even periods of drought. The occurrence of dry spells during the vegetation period and the extreme shortening of the vegetation period have a significant effect upon the amount of grain crop production.
Źródło:
Miscellanea Geographica. Regional Studies on Development; 2004, 11; 127-137
0867-6046
2084-6118
Pojawia się w:
Miscellanea Geographica. Regional Studies on Development
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The influence of cloudiness on air temperature and precipitation on the territory of Poland (1951-2000)
Autorzy:
Żmudzka, Elwira
Owsiński, Jan
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2030281.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008-06-01
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydział Geografii i Studiów Regionalnych
Tematy:
cloudiness
temperature
rainfall
atmospheric circulation
Polska
variability
relationships
Opis:
Analysis of time series was performed of cloudiness, air temperature and precipitation for the years 1951-2000, the data used representing lowland Poland. The properties of the temporal course of these elements of climate and the interrelations between their variability in time have been determined. The strength of dependence of precipitation and temperature upon the magnitude of cloudiness in the annual cycle has been assessed with the linear correlation coefficient. The essential climate-forming role of cloudiness has been confirmed. The magnitude of cloudiness over Poland explains up to 70% of variability of temperature and precipitation. These interrelations are the strongest in the warmer half of the year. Atmospheric circulation and cloudiness explain up to 85% of variability of the climate elements studied.
Źródło:
Miscellanea Geographica. Regional Studies on Development; 2008, 13; 89-103
0867-6046
2084-6118
Pojawia się w:
Miscellanea Geographica. Regional Studies on Development
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Atmospheric correction of APEX hyperspectral data
Autorzy:
Sterckx, Sindy
Vreys, Kristin
Biesemans, Jan
Iordache, Marian-Daniel
Bertels, Luc
Meuleman, Koen
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1035937.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydział Geografii i Studiów Regionalnych
Tematy:
Hyperspectral
atmospheric correction
automatic workflow
reflectance
APEX
MODTRAN
Opis:
Atmospheric correction plays a crucial role among the processing steps applied to remotely sensed hyperspectral data. Atmospheric correction comprises a group of procedures needed to remove atmospheric effects from observed spectra, i.e. the transformation from at-sensor radiances to at-surface radiances or reflectances. In this paper we present the different steps in the atmospheric correction process for APEX hyperspectral data as applied by the Central Data Processing Center (CDPC) at the Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO, Mol, Belgium). The MODerate resolution atmospheric TRANsmission program (MODTRAN) is used to determine the source of radiation and for applying the actual atmospheric correction. As part of the overall correction process, supporting algorithms are provided in order to derive MODTRAN configuration parameters and to account for specific effects, e.g. correction for adjacency effects, haze and shadow correction, and topographic BRDF correction. The methods and theory underlying these corrections and an example of an application are presented.
Źródło:
Miscellanea Geographica. Regional Studies on Development; 2016, 20, 1; 16-20
0867-6046
2084-6118
Pojawia się w:
Miscellanea Geographica. Regional Studies on Development
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Long-term trends and factors influencing rainwater chemistry in the Tatra Mountains, Poland
Autorzy:
Małecki, Jerzy J.
Matyjasik, Marek
Krogulec, Ewa
Porowska, Dorota
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2055855.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Akademia Górniczo-Hutnicza im. Stanisława Staszica w Krakowie. Wydawnictwo AGH
Tematy:
temporal trends
rainwater chemistry
atmospheric pollution
Tatra Mountains
Opis:
The results of rainwater chemistry monitoring in the Tatra Mountains, Poland, during the periods 1993–1994 and 2002–2019 were used to determine long-term trends and the factors influencing rainwater chemistry in the last two decades. In the early 1990’s, the study area was characterized by prominent acid rains with a pH of 4.4 that affected surface water, meadows, and forest ecosystems. A rising pH temporal trend has been observed during the following years, indicating improving air quality. This trend has also been observed in measured ionic concentrations and reduced wet deposition loads of sulfur- and nitrogen-containing acid-forming compounds. The neutralization capacity of rainwater in Kasprowy Wierch increased over the last twenty years and has mostly been dominated by NH4 + . The ammonium availability index has been steadily increasing between years 2002 and 2019 but remains less than 1. This statistically significant relationship also indicates that a portion of neutralization occurs in the lower part of the atmosphere due to ammonium-related neutralization processes. The acidic potential (AP) and the ratio AP/NP (acidic potential/neutralization potential) have been declining during the same time. The stated trends in rainwater chemistry reflect the transformation to more environmentally sustainable economies in the region. Similar changes have been observed in neighboring countries in the region, including Slovakia, the Czech Republic, and Lithuania.
Źródło:
Geology, Geophysics and Environment; 2022, 48, 1; 19--38
2299-8004
2353-0790
Pojawia się w:
Geology, Geophysics and Environment
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Summer weather conditions in 2005 and 2016 on the western and eastern coasts of south Spitsbergen
Autorzy:
Ziaja, Wiesław
Sulikowska, Agnieszka
Wypych, Agnieszka
Mitka, Krzysztof
Maciejowski, Wojciech
Ostafin, Krzysztof
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2042136.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
Arctic
Svalbard
weather variability
air temperature
atmospheric circulation
Źródło:
Polish Polar Research; 2018, 39, 1; 127-144
0138-0338
2081-8262
Pojawia się w:
Polish Polar Research
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Meteorologiczne i orograficzne uwarunkowania depozycji jonowej z opadów i osadów atmosferycznych w rejonie Hornsundu w okresie lipiec 1999 - czerwiec 2000
Meteorological and orographic conditions of ionic deposition from precipitations and atmospheric deposots in the Hornsund area in the period July 1999 - June 2000
Autorzy:
Bryś, T.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/260905.pdf
Data publikacji:
2002
Wydawca:
Stowarzyszenie Klimatologów Polskich
Tematy:
opady atmosferyczne
osady atmosferyczne
Spitsbergen
precipitation
atmospheric deposots
Opis:
The fog deposition and also sedimentary and precipitation results of the ?seeder-feeder? effect and the passed flows of wet ?trans-fluent? masses cause to local perturbation typical horizontal and vertical distribution in the quantity and structure of ionic deposition in the Hornsund area. A specta-cular size of the perturbations is showed by an altitude inversion, rise conductivity and increasing ionic amount of Cl- and Mg++ (and also growth of proportion Mg++ to Ca++ ions) on the uppermost level of seaside mountains in relation to their down slopes and foot of ones. The 'ionic privilege' of 'trans-fluent' passes is also a frequently observed effect. The fog deposition is most often connected with winds from W-SW, whereas in winter time from E-ENE, but local orographic conditions (directions of glacial valleys axes, pass pattern) in some degree transform fields of wind and cloud water fogs. The deposition of hard or clear rime and mixtures of hard-clear rime and glaze is related with advections from W-SW (the most frequency in summer time) and S-SSW (characteristic for early autumn), whereas in winter time, when is the most frequent advection from E-ENE, soft rime is sometimes appeared besides hard rime. The last situation is most characteristic for inversion fogs. Intensification of cyclonic circulation over Spitsbergen, especially in polar night time, and con-nected with it episodes of advection of wet, relative warm and with big dynamics air masses, conduce to increasing role of the distinguished perturbations in annual and seasonal distribution of ionic deposition.
Źródło:
Problemy Klimatologii Polarnej; 2002, 12; 89-106
1234-0715
Pojawia się w:
Problemy Klimatologii Polarnej
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Zagadnienie odtworzenia wartości bilansu Lodowca Hansa (SW Spitsbergen)
The reconstruction of the mass balance of the Hansbreen (SW Spitsbergen)
Autorzy:
Marsz, A. A.
Styszyńska, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/260915.pdf
Data publikacji:
2002
Wydawca:
Stowarzyszenie Klimatologów Polskich
Tematy:
Spitsbergen
cyrkulacja atmosfery
Lodowiec Hansa
Hansbreen
atmospheric circulation
Opis:
This article deals with an attempt to estimate the value of the net balance of Hansbreen (SW Spitsbergen).In order to estimate thes value an assumption has been made that the value of the net balance of Hansbreen is a function of two groups of factors, i.e. static and dynamic ones. The static elements (georgaphical location of Hansbreen, topography of the glacier and its surroundings, etc.) have no influence on the elements of the interannual changeability of the balance; a constant value will represent these elements in formulae. A group of dynamic factors that introduces an interannual changeability to the net balance is made up of a set of meteorological factors (mainly the course of air temperature, precipitation and cloudiness). The said meteorological factors are influenced by the character of atmospheric circulation. Because the main features of the character of the interannual changeability of the air circulation over that area are influenced by the spatial distribution of the anomalies sea surface temperature (SST), the analysis of variances has been chosen as the method used to define the direct statistical estimation of winter and summer balances as the function of monthly anomalies in SST occurring in the North Atlantic in a preceding period. As a result of statistical analysis, two linear functions of great statistical significance have been obtained, i.e. formula [1] and [2] enabling the estimation of winter and summer balances respectively. These functions use the values of anomalies in SST as independent variables. The influence of these values on the course of changeability in atmospheric circulation over the Nordic seas is obvious. The calculated values of the net balance of Hansbreen, estimated by means of the above mentioned functions and the values observed (Fig. 4) proved to be almost the same. Having the values of anomalies in SST (Reynolds data set) a sequence of values of net balance of Hansbreen has been estimated for the period 1970/71÷1996/97 (Table 2, Fig. 5) with the help of this method. An error of values calculated in this way can be found within limits ą0.106 m. water equivalent. The values of the calculated net balance taken from the above mentioned period were used to find by means of best estimating correlation between Hansbreen net balance and temperature and precipitation sums at Isfjord Radio station. Thanks to these results, the next sequence of values of Hansbreen balance for period 1926/27÷1969/70 (Table 3, Fig. 6) has been calculated. The final values are of no statistical significance and contain unknown errors. If they are close to reality it might mean that the balance of Hansbreen has been permanently negative since the end of the 20-ties.
Źródło:
Problemy Klimatologii Polarnej; 2002, 12; 117-131
1234-0715
Pojawia się w:
Problemy Klimatologii Polarnej
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Identification of the Causes of a Landslide in Koronowo (Polish Lowlands)
Autorzy:
Zabuski, Lesław
Kulczykowski, Marek
Świdziński, Waldemar
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/241015.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Budownictwa Wodnego PAN
Tematy:
landslide causes
landslide development
atmospheric conditions
faulty construction
Opis:
The paper discusses difficulties of identifying the causes of a landslide. These difficulties are illustrated in the example of a catastrophic landslide on the embankment of the western bank of the Brda River, which affected a bridge abutment of a disused narrow-gauge railway line from Bydgoszcz to Koronowo (Polish Lowlands). The railway was closed in 1992, and after the removal of the track, the bridge served as a pedestrian overpass. The landslide occurred in February 2011. Investigations revealed that the first signs of the landslide were cracks and subsidence that appeared at the embankment crest. Then, an initially slow movement accelerated suddenly, resulting in an over 45 m total displacement of the soil mass. The primary passive cause of the landslide movement resulted from the geology of the mass (loose soils underlain by cohesive soils) and from the steep inclination of the embankment surface. Active causes, however, are often ambiguous. In this case, no significant apparent phenomena which could trigger the movement occurred in the days preceding its initiation. Therefore, a detailed analysis of atmospheric conditions was carried out to identify and explain the causes. It was proved that the fundamental triggering cause of the landslide was a combination of rainfall, snowfall, snow-melting and air temperature. Moreover, an important cause was a faulty construction of a ditch with a sewage pipe on the crest of the embankment.
Źródło:
Archives of Hydro-Engineering and Environmental Mechanics; 2019, 66, 1-2; 47-56
1231-3726
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Hydro-Engineering and Environmental Mechanics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wpływ cyrkulacji atmosferycznej na usłonecznienie w Koniczynce k/Torunia w latach 1999-2013
Autorzy:
Uscka-Kowalkowska, Joanna
Kejna, Marek
Maszewski, Rafał
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/763208.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej
Tematy:
atmospheric circulation
sunshine duration
Koniczynka
cyrkulacja atmosferyczna
usłonecznienie
Opis:
The article addresses the issue of the influence of atmospheric circulation on the sunshine duration at Koniczynka near Toruń in the years 1999–2013. The synoptic situations types were defined using the classification proposed by Niedźwiedź (1981), whereas the sunshine duration values came from research carried out as part of the Integrated Monitoring of Natural Environment Project. The study covered the frequency of occurrence of individual circulation types and their influence on the sunshine duration in an annual and a long-term course.
W opracowaniu przedstawiono zagadnienie związku usłonecznienia z cyrkulacją atmosfery na podstawie badań przeprowadzonych w Koniczyncek/Torunia w latach 1999-2013. Usłonecznienie było mierzone heliografem Campbella-Stokesa, natomiast sytuacje synoptyczne zostały określone wg klasyfikacji T. Niedźwiedzia. W badanym okresie w Koniczynce stwierdzono istotną statystycznie korelację usłonecznienia z częstością typów sytuacji synoptycznych. Największe usłonecznienie wystąpiło w roku o największym udziale antycyklonalnych typów sytuacji synoptycznych. Wykazano, że pogodzie bezsłonecznej zdecydowanie sprzyjają układy cyklonalne, natomiast największym dziennym sumom usłonecznienia typy antycyklonalne.
Źródło:
Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Sklodowska, sectio B – Geographia, Geologia, Mineralogia et Petrographia; 2015, 70, 2
0137-1983
Pojawia się w:
Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Sklodowska, sectio B – Geographia, Geologia, Mineralogia et Petrographia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Chloride leaching of silver and lead from a solid residue after atmospheric leaching of flotation copper concentrates
Autorzy:
Chmielewski, T.
Gibas, K.
Borowski, K.
Adamski, Z.
Wozniak, B.
Muszer, A,
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/109629.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
copper concentrate
atmospheric leaching
chloride leaching
silver
lead
Opis:
Recovery of silver and lead by means of chloride leaching of solid residue after atmospheric leaching of the copper concentrate from Lubin Concentrator (KGHM) was investigated. The effect of leaching temperature, chloride concentration, Fe(III) and oxygen presence, solid-to-liquid ratio and feed preleaching with NaOH on the silver and lead recovery was analyzed. Chloride leaching appeared to be very effective for recovery of lead, whereas satisfactory recovery of silver was observed after chemical pretreatment of the leaching feed with alkali solution of NaOH in order to liberate Ag entrapped in the jarosite structure. It was found that to achieve the satisfactory recovery of Ag and Pb leaching had to be performed in acidified 4 M chloride concentration at temperature of 90 oC. The presence of oxidants, that is O2 and iron(III) ions, was beneficial in the initial stage of the process. The maximum recovery of Ag and Pb was found for the solid-to-liquid ratio of 1:10 after 10 hours leaching.
Źródło:
Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing; 2017, 53, 2; 893-907
1643-1049
2084-4735
Pojawia się w:
Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wpływ ciśnienia atmosfery na wskazania metanomierza pellistorowego
Impact of atmospheric pressure on the readings of a pellistor methane meter
Autorzy:
Nowrot, A.
Krzystanek, Z.
Maślankiewicz, G.
Korski, W.
Szczurek, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/186042.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Technik Innowacyjnych EMAG
Tematy:
metanomierz pellistorowy
ciśnienie gazu
pellistor methane meter
atmospheric pressure
Opis:
W artykule przedstawiono wyniki badań wpływu ciśnienia gazu na wskazania metanomierza pellistorowego. Na podstawie dostępnej literatury stwierdzono, iż badania tego typu nie były dotychczas przeprowadzane. Rezultaty pracy mają istotne znaczenie ze względu na stosowanie metanomierzy pellistorowych w kopalniach, gdzie wartość ciśnienia jest zależna od głębokości poziomu, na którym jest ono mierzone.
The article features the results of testing the impact of gas pressure on the readings of a pellistor methane meter. Based on the available literature it was found out that relevant tests had not been conducted so far. The results of the work are of great significance due to the use of pellistor methane meters in mines where the pressure value depends on the depth of the level on which the pressure is measured.
Źródło:
Mechanizacja i Automatyzacja Górnictwa; 2012, R. 50, nr 3, 3; 48-56
0208-7448
Pojawia się w:
Mechanizacja i Automatyzacja Górnictwa
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Zakłócenia generowane podczas impulsu wyładowania atmosferycznego a proces eksploatacji systemów bezpieczeństwa na obszarze kolejowym
Disturbances generated during a lightning impulse and the process of operation of security systems in the rail area
Autorzy:
Paś, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/158011.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Stowarzyszenie Inżynierów i Techników Mechaników Polskich
Tematy:
zakłócenia
eksploatacja
ekranowanie
wyładowanie
disruption
exploitation
screening
atmospheric discharge
Opis:
Impulsowe zakłócenia generowane podczas wyładowania atmosferycznego są przyczyną zakłócenia procesu eksploatacji elektronicznych systemów bezpieczeństwa (ESB). Prądy i napięcia występujące podczas wyładowania indukują w liniach dozorowych zakłócenia. Odpowiednia organizacja ESB na obszarze kolejowym i urządzenia przepięciowe to zabezpieczenie przed zakłóceniami. Występowanie zakłóceń podczas użytkowania systemu wymaga stosowania innego algorytmu do wyznaczania wskaźników oceny bezpieczeństwa.
This paper presents the results of electromagnetic interference generated during lightning on the process of operation of security systems - ESB. Electric and magnetic fields which are generated during atmospheric discharge may have very high values near to the main channel of lighting discharge (1). The impulse of the electromagnetic field that occurs during this phenomenon, induces electromagnetic interferences (voltages and currents) having very high values (Fig. 1) also in power ground lines and in transmission buses of the ESB system. The pulse amplitudes of surge signals (main and return discharge) may affect operation of the ESB or cause total or partial damage. The ESB may be present at the set of different exploiting states, which result from “normal” or electromagnetic interferences exploitation process. The proper usage of the ESB in enormous railway is an absolutely complicated technical issue, where, in addition to the “normal” exploitation specified in technical standards, there are issues related to the problem of ensuring electromagnetic compatibility (3). The occurrence of electromagnetic interference with high power levels can lead to a catastrophic failure in the system of the ESS. The research allowed determining the effect of the pulse electromagnetic field generated during lightning on the test systems.
Źródło:
Pomiary Automatyka Kontrola; 2014, R. 60, nr 9, 9; 772-775
0032-4140
Pojawia się w:
Pomiary Automatyka Kontrola
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Rola cyrkulacji atmosfery w kształtowaniu temperatury powietrza w styczniu na Spitsbergenie
Role of atmospheric circulation on the January temperature variability in Spitsbergen
Autorzy:
Niedźwiedź, T.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/260696.pdf
Data publikacji:
2004
Wydawca:
Stowarzyszenie Klimatologów Polskich
Tematy:
cyrkulacja atmosfery
Spitsbergen
temperatury powietrza
atmospheric circulation
air temperature
Opis:
The study presents variability of simple circulation indices above Spitsbergen for the period 1899-2004 in January, based on original calendar of synoptic divided from the synoptic maps. After calculation of synoptic types frequencies the further results have been obtained using the simple circulation indices: W - westerly, zonal index, S - southerly - meridional index, C - cyclonicity index, as proposed by R. Murray and R. Lewis (1966) with some modifications, as well as Spitsbergen Oscillation (OS) defined as the standarized pressure difference between Bjornoya and Longyearbyen. The negative value of W index is typical for Spitsbergen, according to great frequency of eastern airflow. Variability of January temperature in Svalbard (t01SV) were investigated on the basis of averages from four stations: Isfjord Radio and Svalbard Lufthavn, as well as from Polish Polar Station in Hornsund Fiord on SW part of Spitsbergen, and from Bjornoya (Bear Island) - about 300 km SSE from Hornsund. After reconstructions of some lack data on the basis of linear regression, temperature data were obtained for the period of 1912-2004. For the temperature the main feature is period of cooling in the years 1912-1918 and then the great warming during the decade of 1930th (1933-1937). During the years 1937-1971 was observed the significant decreasing trend in January temperature to the cool period of years 1962-1971. The last period 1971-2004 has no any trend in temperature. But three large fluctuations took place with warm Januarys of 1972-1974, 1990-1992 and 1999-2001 and cool ones of 1975-1982, 1993-1998 and 2002-2004. Temperature of January changes in Spitsbergen depend on a great extend of circulation factors, mainly from the southern (S) and zonal circulation indices (W) or Spitsbergen Oscillation index (SO). Using the models of multiple regression was possible the recontruction of January temperature since 1899 on the basis of circulation indices. They explained about 63% of variance in temperature.
Źródło:
Problemy Klimatologii Polarnej; 2004, 14; 59-68
1234-0715
Pojawia się w:
Problemy Klimatologii Polarnej
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Error simulations of uncorrected NDVI and DCVI during remote sensing measurements from UAS
Autorzy:
Chiliński, Michał T.
Ostrowski, Marek
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2037392.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014-06-25
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydział Geografii i Studiów Regionalnych
Tematy:
Remote sensing
vegetation index
digital camera
UAS
atmospheric correction
Opis:
Remote sensing from unmanned aerial systems (UAS) has been gaining popularity in the last few years. In the field of vegetation mapping, digital cameras converted to calculate vegetation index (DCVI) are one of the most popular sensors. This paper presents simulations using a radiative transfer model (libRadtran) of DCVI and NDVI results in an environment of possible UAS flight scenarios. The analysis of the results is focused on the comparison of atmosphere influence on both indices. The results revealed uncertainties in uncorrected DCVI measurements up to 25% at the altitude of 5 km, 5% at 1 km and around 1% at 0.15 km, which suggests that DCVI can be widely used on small UAS operating below 0.2 km.
Źródło:
Miscellanea Geographica. Regional Studies on Development; 2014, 18, 2; 35-45
0867-6046
2084-6118
Pojawia się w:
Miscellanea Geographica. Regional Studies on Development
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Variability of the predicted insulation index of clothing in the Norwegian Arctic for the period 1971-2000
Autorzy:
Araźny, Andrzej
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2051892.pdf
Data publikacji:
2006
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
Norwegian Arctic
bioclimate
predicted insulation of clothing
atmospheric circulation
Źródło:
Polish Polar Research; 2006, 27, 4; 341-357
0138-0338
2081-8262
Pojawia się w:
Polish Polar Research
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Recovery of cobalt and nickel by atmospheric leaching of flotation sulfide concentrate from lubin concentrator
Autorzy:
Gibas, K.
Borowski, K.
Chmielewski, T.
Wejman, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/951849.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
atmospheric leaching
cobalt
nickel
sulphuric acid
Lubin copper concentrate
Opis:
An experimental study on leaching of cobalt and nickel from a Lubin (Poland) sulfide flotation copper concentrate with oxygenated sulphuric acid solution in the presence of iron(III) sulfate is presented. The effect of temperature, iron(III) concentration, initial sulphuric acid concentration, oxygen flow rate and chloride ions addition on cobalt and nickel leaching were examined. The obtained results show, that enhancing investigated leaching parameters increases both the rate and leaching recovery of nickel and cobalt. The effect of iron(III) ions concentration is particularly significant. Additionally, a significant correlation between copper and nickel/cobalt leaching recovery was observed. Due to the fine dissemination of nickel and cobalt, they were leached remarkably faster when copper leaching recovery exceeded 90%.
Źródło:
Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing; 2015, 51, 1; 191-203
1643-1049
2084-4735
Pojawia się w:
Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Thiosulfate leaching of silver from a solid residue after pressure leaching of industrial copper sulfides flotation concentrates
Autorzy:
Wejman-Gibas, K.
Chmielewski, T.
Borowski, K.
Gibas, K.
Jeziorek, M.
Wodka, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/109947.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
atmospheric leaching
silver
sodium thiosulfate
ammonia
Lubin copper concentrate
Opis:
Hydrometallurgical recovery of silver from a solid residue after pressure leaching of a flotation copper concentrate from the Lubin Concentrator (KGHM Polska Miedz S.A.) was investigated. Thiosulphate leaching was examined with regard to the highest possible leaching efficiency and optimization process parameters. The effect of thiosulfate ions concentration within the range from 0.25 to 1.00 mol/dm3 at a constant ammonia concentration, and ammonia concentration within the range from 0.40 to 1.00 mol/dm3 at a constant thiosulfate concentration on leaching recovery of selected metals were examined. Moreover, the effect of copper(II) ions addition on silver leaching was studied. It was shown that the leaching recovery of silver increased with increasing thiosulfate and ammonia concentration. At the highest thiosulfate ions concentration, the observed silver leaching recovery was 60%. The best results were obtained at an ammonia concentration of 0.80 mol/dm3, where the leaching recovery of Ag reached 75%. It was established that addition of Cu(II) did not affect silver leaching. Nearly 100% efficiency of thioslulohate silver leaching was achieved by pretreatment of the solid residue after pressure leaching with NaOH solutions.
Źródło:
Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing; 2015, 51, 2; 601-610
1643-1049
2084-4735
Pojawia się w:
Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Seasonal precipitation variation in central-eastern Poland
Autorzy:
Radzka, Elżbieta
Rymuza, Katarzyna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/28411642.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Instytut Technologiczno-Przyrodniczy
Tematy:
atmospheric precipitation
central-eastern Poland
seasonality
tendency for change
Opis:
The purpose of the work is to characterise pluvial conditions in central-eastern Poland from the beginning of the 21st century (2001-2020). The analysis involved seven meteorological stations of the Institute of Meteorology and Water Management - National Research Institute (IMGW-PIB): Białowieża, Legionowo, Pułtusk, Siedlce, Szepietowo, Terespol and Warsaw. The work contains the analysis of the annual and seasonal atmospheric precipitation pattern (summer, winter, spring and autumn) and its temporal and spatial variation throughout a 20-year period. Moreover, the percentage share of precipitation in each season in the annual sum was calculated. In order to analyse precipitation patterns in the study period, the Innovative Trend Analysis (ITA) was applied. The average long-term annual atmospheric precipitation sum ranged from 557 mm at Terespol to 653 mm at Białowieża. The highest seasonal precipitation sum in the studied region was recorded for the summer (218 mm) whereas in spring and autumn, precipitation stayed at a similar level and amounted to 130 and 131 mm, respectively. The lowest precipitation was recorded in winter (109 mm). The highest percentage share of the atmospheric precipitation sum was associated with summer rainfall (from 35 to 38%), whereas the lowest in winter (from 18 to 20%). Comparisons of 2001-2010 and 2011-2020 decades revealed a decline in the share of summer precipitation in the annual sum at most of the stations, and an increase in the share of winter precipitation. The ITA demonstrated that the most significant trends in precipitation change occurred in summer and winter and the directions of the trends were different for each station.
Źródło:
Journal of Water and Land Development; 2023, 59; 76--82
1429-7426
2083-4535
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Water and Land Development
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Zapylenie powietrza atmosferycznego m. st. Warszawy łatwo opadającymi pyłami
Zapylenie atmosfernogo vozdukha goroda Varshavy letkoosedajushhejj pylju
Air contamination in city of Warsaw with easy-sedimentable particles
Autorzy:
Zwolinski, J.
Wyszynska, H.
Misiakiewicz, Z.
Kosinski, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/873358.pdf
Data publikacji:
1963
Wydawca:
Narodowy Instytut Zdrowia Publicznego. Państwowy Zakład Higieny
Tematy:
powietrze atmosferyczne
zanieczyszczenia powietrza
pyly
zapylenie atmosfery
stopien zapylenia
Warszawa
atmospheric air
air contaminant
dust
atmospheric dust
dust level
Warsaw area
Źródło:
Roczniki Państwowego Zakładu Higieny; 1963, 14, 4
0035-7715
Pojawia się w:
Roczniki Państwowego Zakładu Higieny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Influence of aerosol vertical profile variability on retrievals of aerosol optical thickness from NOAA AVHRR measurements in the Baltic region
Autorzy:
Rozwadowska, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/47666.pdf
Data publikacji:
2007
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
Tematy:
aerosol optical thickness
climatological aerosol
atmospheric aerosol
Baltic region
Opis:
The expected influence of variability in atmospheric aerosol profiles on retrievals of aerosol optical thickness (AOT) from NOAA AVHRR measurements is analysed. In particular, the bias in the AOT retrieval due to the assumption of a climatological aerosol profile in the retrieval algorithm is studied. The bias is defined as the difference between AOT retrieved with an algorithm using a climatological aerosol profile, and the actual AOT employed in the calculations of radiances at the top of the atmosphere (TOA). The TOA radiances are simulated by means of the MODTRAN code for different aerosol profiles. Atmospheric conditions and solar and satellite angles used in the bias simulations are typical of the Baltic region. In the simulations, the maximum absolute value of the bias amounts to nearly 40% in channel 2 and 14% in channel 1 of AVHRR.
Źródło:
Oceanologia; 2007, 49, 2
0078-3234
Pojawia się w:
Oceanologia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Spatial Variation of Air Quality in Mpape Area of Abuja, Nigeria
Autorzy:
Ekoh, Harrison Charles
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1031920.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
Tematy:
Atmospheric Pollutant
Mpape Area of Abuja
Particulate Matters
Variables
Opis:
The study assessed air quality along selected area of interest in Mpape Area of the FCT, Nigeria. Particularly, it examined air quality variation in the heavily built areas, industrial areas, and control sites areas in Mpape. The experimental research was employed and air quality variables such as NH3, NO2, SO2, H2S CO2 and PM10 and PM25 were quantitatively gathered in the field using standard methods and equipments such as Minivol Portable Air Sampler, A set of Crow Can Dictator Meter, and GPS. Traffic volume along selected land uses in the three locations was obtained through traffic count approach. Data obtained were analyzed using averages, ANOVA, Pearson’s correlation, cluster analysis and Factor analysis. Across the studied locations, high content of carbon monoxide (CO2) was recorded in Arab Quarry District followed by Millennium Avenue and with mean values of 1.76 ppm and 1.50ppm respectively, while in the lowest concentration of CO2 was recorded in the Control site with a mean value of 1.18ppm. The range of SO2 in the present study is above FEPA recommended level of 0.10ppm. The range is also within WHO’s 24hrs allowable limit of 20ppm, the concentration of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) varied significantly among the different locations (F = 30.540, p<0.05). The concentration of ammonia (NH3) is ranged from 0.04 to 0.06ppm. The contents of atmospheric particulate matters (PM), PM2.5 and PM10 also varied among the selected locations. For PM2.5, it value ranged from 0.18 to 0.27μg/m3 which is slightly above the threshold of 0.25μg/m3 recommended by FEPA, mostly for ambient air quality in Angwan Gwari and Millennium Avenue areas. The range of PM2.5 is within WHO’s limit of 20μg/m3 for 24hrs mean concentration. Result of ANOVA showed that the concentration of PM2.5 varied significantly among the various locations (F = 10.758 p<0.05). Furthermore, for PM10, it value ranged from 0.16 to 0.26μg/m3 which is also slightly above the threshold of 0.25μg/m3 recommended by FEPA, mostly in Arab Quarry District and to some extent Angwan Gwari/ Millennium Avenue. These areas have increased concentrations of PM10. The range of PM10 reported in the present study is within WHO’s limit of 24hrs mean concentration of 50μg/m3. Also, result of ANOVA showed that the concentration of PM10 varied significantly among the various locations (F = 9.880 p<0.05). The result therefore means that Arab Quarry District and Angwan Gwari/ Millennium Avenue have high PM10 and PM2.5 concentrations. Cluster analysis classifies the principal pollutants of Mpape into two homogenous groups (SO2 and PM, and NO2) and also identifies anthropogenic activities (principally the combustion of fuel) as the primary source of emission of these groups of gases or pollutants into the atmosphere. Factor Analysis identified anthropogenic activities as the main sources of pollution of PM, NO2, SO2, NO and CO2 in Mpape environs. From the result of this research, there should be regular monitoring of atmospheric pollutants around the area in order to prevent the potential health and atmospheric related impacts of such air toxics in the region; Government should assist in the development of these new technologies that will enhance engine efficiency and reduce fuel consumption through the funding of research.
Źródło:
World Scientific News; 2020, 140; 79-112
2392-2192
Pojawia się w:
World Scientific News
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Diurnal temperature range variation in the northern part of Poland in relation to atmospheric circulation types
Dobowe wahania temperatury powietrza w północnej części Polski w zależności od typu cyrkulacji atmosferycznej
Autorzy:
Baranowski, D.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2053042.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Akademia Pomorska w Słupsku
Tematy:
Northern Poland
diurnal temperature range
types of atmospheric circulation
Opis:
In this study, diurnal temperature range (DTR – defined as difference between daily maximum and minimum air temperature) in the northern part of Poland in relation to atmospheric circulation types by B. Osuchowska-Klein was investigated. To discover the most characteristic features of geographical distribution of DTR for all distinguished circulation patterns in selected months and the whole year data from 22 IMGW weather stations (from the 1971-1995 period) were used and presented on the maps.
Źródło:
Baltic Coastal Zone. Journal of Ecology and Protection of the Coastline; 2019, 23; 5-20
1643-0115
Pojawia się w:
Baltic Coastal Zone. Journal of Ecology and Protection of the Coastline
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Pomiary aerozolu atmosferycznego. Cz. 1, Teledetekcja pasywna
Autorzy:
Kardaś, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/273761.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Roble
Tematy:
aerozol atmosferyczny
teledetekcja pasywna
atmospheric aerosol
passive remote sensing
Źródło:
LAB Laboratoria, Aparatura, Badania; 2017, 22, 2; 28-30, 41
1427-5619
Pojawia się w:
LAB Laboratoria, Aparatura, Badania
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Struktura bilansu promieniowania słonecznego w Ny-Alesund (NW Spitsbergen) w latach 1989-2003
Structure of solar radiation balance in Ny-Alesund (NW Spitsbergen) in the period 1989-2003
Autorzy:
Budzik, T.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/260647.pdf
Data publikacji:
2004
Wydawca:
Stowarzyszenie Klimatologów Polskich
Tematy:
promieniowanie słoneczne
Spitsbergen
cyrkulacja atmosferyczna
solar radiation
atmospheric circulation
Opis:
This case describes structure of solar radiation balance in Ny-?lesund, Spitsbergen, basing on twenty-four-hour?s magnitudes in 1989-2003. We put to the analysis each radiation streams: shortwave and longwave. Basing on it one year?s and monthly balances were estimated: (K*, L*, Q*). The radiation data used in this article are derieved from: Norsk Polarinsitutt in Oslo: Hisdal, Finnekasa and Vinje (1992) and Hisdal and Finnekasa (1996); 'The Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research': Koenig-Langlo and Marx (1997). The data of clouds from Ny-Alesund are derieved from: Climatolology Division, Norwegian Meteorological Institute, Norway. In 1989-2003 period - annual radiation balance Q* in whole spectrum was oscillating from - 71 MJ/m2 to 194 MJ/m2, average Q* was 57 MJ/m2. Highest values of Q* in year are recorded on June, July - average - 210-260 MJ/m2, lowest on polar night period -October-February (-87 MJ/m2 to -100 MJ/m2). Short-wave radiation balance K* was depending on sun level, sculpture of the earth?s surface and cloudiness modify amount of downward sun energy. Yearly balance sums of short-wave radiation K* was oscillating from 931 MJ/m2 to 1438 MJ/m2, average -1178 MJ/m2. Yearly course of stream K and balance K* shows maximum from April to August and zero values in November-February period. Analyzing many year?s estimation -highest yearly sum of K stream - 2634 MJ/m2 - was recorded on 1993 and lowest - 2157 MJ/m2 on 1990, average of sums in this period was - 2402 MJ/m2. Average yearly balance of L* was 1120 MJ/m2 on 1989-2003 period. Annual balance sums were oscillating from -936 MJ/m2 to -1265 MJ/m2.
Źródło:
Problemy Klimatologii Polarnej; 2004, 14; 189-197
1234-0715
Pojawia się w:
Problemy Klimatologii Polarnej
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Porównanie wybranych elementów meteorologicznych w sezonie letnim między stacjami Hornsund i Calypsobyen (Spitsbergen)
Comparison of some selected meteorological elements of the Summer season between Hornsund and Calypsobyen stations (Spitsbergen)
Autorzy:
Gluza, A.
Siłuch, M.
Siwek, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/260651.pdf
Data publikacji:
2004
Wydawca:
Stowarzyszenie Klimatologów Polskich
Tematy:
Spitsbergen
cyrkulacja atmosferyczna
warunki klimatyczne
atmospheric circulation
weather conditions
Opis:
The aim of the study washas been to determine the differences in the 24-hour means values of some selected meteorological elements between the stations analysed and also to determine the influence of atmospheric circulation on their distribution. Meteorological data collected at the Polar Station of the Institute of Geophysics of the Polish Academy of Sciences in Hornsund and the Calypsobyen Station of the Maria Curie-Skłodowska University of Lublin wasere used for the present research. The present studies showed that air temperature in Calypsobyen is on average 0.6°C higher than in Hornsund. Calypsobyen is warmer than Hornsund fromat almost all circulation directions. Hornsund is warmer only in the case of the NW direction. The highest levels of temperature differences (> 1°C) occur from theat S and SW directions. Calypsobyen was 0.3°C colder than Hornsund only in the case of the NWc type. Regarding the average total cloud coveriness of the sky [0-10], the difference between the two stations analysed was as small as 0.1. This results from thea high total cloud coveriness of the sky during summer. No differences were found in the case of medium wind velocity levels similarly as was in the case for the of cloud coveriness. The a mean difference forro this parameter was 0.1 m/s. The location of the station, as well as the orographic reletions in its surroundings, exerts a significant influence on the difference in thetiation of wind velocities in relation to the directions of the circulation directions. The total - taken ever twenty-four hour sums - of the atmospheric precipitation levels as an averaged with to the circulation directions in Hornsund were on average 0.8 mm higher than for in Calypsobyen. Precipitation levels were higher in Calypsobyen only from theat N and E directions and in the situation of a weather wedge over Spitsbergen (Ka), however, even then the values of these differences were small (0.1-0.2 mm). Analysis of the data analysis pointed to the significance of the direction of the circulation direction and its influence on the value of differences between the meteorological elements selected. In some cases (i.e. wind velocity, precipitation level) local factors - and including orographic relations and the location of the measuring site - are decisive.
Źródło:
Problemy Klimatologii Polarnej; 2004, 14; 183-188
1234-0715
Pojawia się w:
Problemy Klimatologii Polarnej
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Stosunki termiczne i wilgotnościowe w Zatoce Treurenberg i na masywie Olimp (NE Spitsbergen) w okresie od 1.VIII.1899 - 15.VIII.1900
Thermal and humidity relations in Treurenberg Bay and Massif Olimp (NE Spitsbergen) from 1st August 1899 to 15th August 1900)
Autorzy:
Przybylak, R.
Dzierżawski, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/260665.pdf
Data publikacji:
2004
Wydawca:
Stowarzyszenie Klimatologów Polskich
Tematy:
temperatury powietrza
wilgotność powietrza
Spitsbergen
air temperature
atmospheric humidity
Opis:
The paper describes weather conditions (based on air temperature and humidity) in Treurenberg Bay and Massif Olimp (NE Spitsbergen) for the period from 1st August 1899 to 15th August 1900. The hourly data of the meteorological elements under analysis were collected by the Swedish-Russian scientific expedition, which was sent to Spitsbergen in 1899 to measure an arc of the Earth?s meridian. During the expedition two meteorological stations were established (Fig. 1): the main one (21.9 m a.s.l.) located by the sea in Treurenberg Bay (hereafter 'Treurenberg') and a secondary station (408 m a.s.l.) situated on Massif Olimp (hereafter 'Olimp'). The quality of data were checked and assessed as being very good, especially for the Treurenberg station. The air temperature (T) in Treurenberg in the annual march was highest in August (mean monthly T = 2.1°C) and lowest in March (-27.0°C) (Tab. 2, Fig. 2). Mean yearly T was equal to -9.8°C. The values of T in this part of Spitsbergen are significantly lower than in the western coastal part of the island where, for example, the average annual T for the period 1975-2000 was about twice as high (see Przybylak et al. 2004). On the other hand, mean monthly daily T ranges in Treurenberg are greater (Fig. 3). Day-to-day T changes in the annual cycle were greatest in the cold half-year, and lowest in summer (Fig. 4). These changes are lower here than in the western coastal part of Spitsbergen. Mean monthly daily courses of T are clearest from April to September, showing maximum T in the afternoon, and minimum in the early morning hours (Fig. 5). From October to March (but especially during the polar night) the average daily courses were smooth. Air humidity in Treurenberg was characterized using three commonly used variables: water vapor pressure, relative humidity, and saturation deficit. Due to very low T and quite a large thermic continentality of the climate in NE Spitsbergen, water vapor pressure in Treurenberg is lower than in the western coastal part of Spitsbergen. The highest values in Treurenberg occurred in summer (on average about 6 hPa) and the lowest in late winter (below 1 hPa) (Tab. 2, Fig. 6). Generally, similar relations in the annual march are also seen for two other air humidity variables (see Tab. 2, Fig. 6). The annual cycles of day-to-day changes of all humidity variables in Treurenberg are not clear, as they consist of many maximums and minimums (Fig. 7). These changes are lower here than in other parts of Spitsbergen (see Table 15 in Przybylak 1992a). Mean daily courses of relative humidity are smooth for most months. Only in April and in the period from June to September do we see normal daily cycles with lowest values in 'day' hours and highest values in 'night' hours (Fig. 9). The annual course of T in the Olimp station is similar to that occurring in Treurenberg (Figs. 2 and 10). Of course, the upper station was colder, but only by 1oC for mean annual values (Fig. 11). The drop of T in the Treurenberg region - a drop that is lower than is normally observed in the atmosphere (0.6oC/100 m) - was probably caused by measurement errors (the thermograph at the Olimp station was wrapped in thin material in order to stop the snow accumulating around the metallic sensor). Only limited air humidity data were gathered for the Olimp station due to measurement problems of this element in cold half-year. Therefore, most observations were made only in summer, and they show that the relative humidity was in most cases greater here than at the Treurenberg station. The investigation shows that weather conditions in the NE part of Spitsbergen differ significantly from those observed in the western coastal part of the island. Both T and air humidity are significantly lower in the study area, and these differences in the case of T are especially large in winter.
Źródło:
Problemy Klimatologii Polarnej; 2004, 14; 133-147
1234-0715
Pojawia się w:
Problemy Klimatologii Polarnej
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Struktura bilansu promieniowania słonecznego na obszarze Lodowca Avatsmarka w dniach 13 IV - 04 V 2002 r.
Structure of solar radiation balance on Avatsmark Glacier in the period of 13 IV - 4 V 2002
Autorzy:
Budzik, T.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/260822.pdf
Data publikacji:
2003
Wydawca:
Stowarzyszenie Klimatologów Polskich
Tematy:
Spitsbergen
promieniowanie słoneczne
cyrkulacja atmosferyczna
solar radiation
atmospheric circulation
Opis:
It was carried out an analysis of solar radiation balance for a chosen active surface (glacier). The basis was meteorological data, which was recorded by an automatic weather station in the period of 13.04.2002 - 04.05.2002 in the area of Aavatsmark glacier (NW Spitsbergen). The individual radiation fluxes were analysed and balances and also diurnal sums were calculated on the basis of them. It was set the individual values of radiation balance against chosen meteorological parameters. These results were compared with the data from the nearby weather station in Ny-Alesund.
Źródło:
Problemy Klimatologii Polarnej; 2003, 13; 151-160
1234-0715
Pojawia się w:
Problemy Klimatologii Polarnej
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Warunki meteorologiczne na Lodowcu Waldemara (NW Spitsbergen) w sezonie letnim 1999 roku
Meteorological conditions on the Waldemar Glacier (NW Spitsbergen) in summer season 1999
Autorzy:
Kejna, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/260965.pdf
Data publikacji:
2001
Wydawca:
Stowarzyszenie Klimatologów Polskich
Tematy:
Lodowiec Waldemara
Spitsbergen
cyrkulacja atmosfery
Waldemar Glacier
atmospheric circulation
Opis:
The meteorological measurements were carried out on NW Spitsbergen on the Waldemar Glacier (surface 2.66 km2) in three points: ATA (133 m a.s.l., marginal zone), LW1 (130 m a.s.l., snout of glacier), LW2 (380 m a.s.l., firn part). The base station of Toruń Polar Expedition is situated on the north part of Kaffioyra (KH, 11 m a.s.l.), about 3 km away from glacier. The air temperature and relative air humidity were measured by termohigrographs in standard meteorological boxes, and precipitation by Hellmanns pluwiometer in the period 14.07-8.09.1999. The weather conditions on the Kaffiöyra region are determined by solar and circulation factors. In the summer season 1999 north and east advection of air masses dominated. The meteorological conditions on Waldemar Glacier are formed by the influence of two contrasting environments: the glacier and its moraine foreground. The mean air temperature in summer 1999 at the Kaffiöyra equaled 5.4°C and at the moraine of the Waldemar Glacier (ATA) 5.2°C. On the glacier the air temperature was much lower, and on the snout (LW1) was 4.5°C and decreases with the altitude (LW2 3.2°C) . The average gradient of air temperature between LW1 and LW2 stands was 0.53°C/100 m. Between the warmed up dark moraine ground (ATA) and the melted surface of the glacier a ?thermal jump? occurred (0.4°C on the distance 160 m). The highest maximum of air temperature at KH was 18.1°C, and on the Waldemar Glacier 16.4°C (LW1) and 16.5°C (LW2). The relative air humidity on Spitsbergen are formed under the influence of oceanic water and foehn phenomena. In summer season 1999 the mean relative air humidity was 84% at the Kaffioyra and increased with the altitude on the Waldemar Glacier (LW1 ? 86%, LW2 ?89%). In the period 21-07-31.08 at the Kaffioyra sums of the precipitation equaled 58.4 mm and on the glacier: 85.2 mm (133 m a.s.l.), 100,6 mm (233 m a.s.l.), 108.9 mm (380 m a.s.l.) and 131.8 mm (421 m a.s.l.). In summer season the meteorological conditions on the Waldemar Glacier show a large variability. It is a result of incoming air masses, warm from moraine foreground up the glacier and cool from the glacier plateau, from the interior of Spitsbergen.
Źródło:
Problemy Klimatologii Polarnej; 2001, 11; 55-65
1234-0715
Pojawia się w:
Problemy Klimatologii Polarnej
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Comparative Rolling Contact Behavior of Two APS Coatings with Different Matrix
Autorzy:
Chicet, Daniela
Toma, Stefan
Haraga, Radu
Bejinariu, Costica
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2125534.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
rolling contact fatigue
atmospheric plasma spray
wear path microstructure
Opis:
In this study we analyzed the rolling contact fatigue behavior of two types of coatings made by thermal coating, by the method of atmospheric plasma spraying (APS) from two commercially available powders: Ni5Al5Mo and Al2O3 - 13 TiO2. The contact fatigue behavior was studied on an installation specially designed. The specimens were tested for 54 hours (at 1380 rpm), at a load of 944 N. For both types of coatings, the appearance of a wear path was observed, much more obvious in the case of the Ni matrix layer, also confirmed by profilometry. The mechanism of the wear phenomenon was predominantly of plastic deformation type (the material was pushed towards the edges of the wear path) in the case of NiAlMo coating. In the case of ceramic coating, the wear path width was very small (300-450 μm), with very few changes at the surface level of the coating, which recommends this type of material for applications that require wear resistance to rolling.
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2022, 67, 3; 869--878
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Manufacture of MoO3 Coating Layer Using Thermal Spray Process and Analysis of Microstructure and Properties
Autorzy:
Hwang, Yu-Jin
Kim, Kyu-Sik
Park, Jae-Sung
Lee, Kee-Ahn
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2174568.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
MoO3
thermal spray
atmospheric plasma spray
microstructure
properties
Opis:
MoO3 thick film was manufactured by using a thermal spray process (Atmospheric Plasma Spray, or APS) and its micro-structure, phase composition and properties of the coating layer were investigated. Initial powder feedstock was composed of an orthorhombic α-MoO3 phase, and the average powder particle size was 6.7 μm. As a result of the APS coating process, a MoO3 coating layer with a thickness of about 90 μm was obtained. Phase transformation occurred during the process, and the coating layer consisted of not only α-MoO3 but also β-MoO3, MoO2. Phase transformation could be due to the rapid cooling that occurred during the process. The properties of the coating layer were evaluated using a nano indentation test. Hardness and reduced modulus were obtained as 0.47 GPa and 1.4 GPa, respectively. Based on the above results, the possibility of manufacturing a MoO3 thick coating layer using thermal spray is presented.
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2022, 67, 4; 1535--1538
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Indication of the Target Alternative Fuel for Shipping
Autorzy:
Herdzik, Jerzy
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2201796.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Stowarzyszenie Inżynierów i Techników Mechaników Polskich
Tematy:
marine fuel
alternative fuel
shipping
atmospheric emission
environment protection
Opis:
he article presents the regulations of the International Maritime Organization aimed at reducing carbon dioxide emissions from international shipping. One of the main objectives is to search the alternative to fossil fuels. The main problem is the lack of indication of the target fuel for shipping. The current changes, forced by international regulations, are made by the decisions of shipowners who themselves are looking for an alternative fuel that will enable them to continue their activities. Attempts have been made to use fuels considered as transient, which will be used in the perspective of about 10 years. However, this is too short a time compared to the life of the ship (20-30 years). This will force another change in the type of fuel used on ships still in operation, which will result in additional costs associated with the adaptation of the ship’s power plant fuel systems to a different type of fuel. The article evaluates the changes that currently taking place. Scenarios of the most likely directions of changes in a perspective of 2050 have been indicated.
Źródło:
Advances in Science and Technology. Research Journal; 2022, 16, 4; 48--55
2299-8624
Pojawia się w:
Advances in Science and Technology. Research Journal
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Seasonal Variation in the Concentrations and Loads of Mineral Nitrogen Compounds in Atmospheric Precipitation in the Vicinity of Olsztyn (NE Poland)
Sezonowa zmienność stężeń i ładunków mineralnych związków azotu w opadach atmosferycznych w okolicach Olsztyna
Autorzy:
Szymczyk, S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/389281.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Towarzystwo Chemii i Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
wody opadowe
azot
depozycja atmosferyczna
precipitation water
nitrogen
atmospheric deposition
Opis:
The present study was conducted during the hydrological years 1993-2008 at the meteorological station in Tomaszkowo near Olsztyn (NE Poland). The study involved the determination of daily precipitation levels, water sampling after each precipitation event, and the measurement of pH, electrolytic conductivity (EC), the concentrations and loads of mineral nitrogen compounds: N-NO2, N-NO3, N-NH4. It was found that the 1993-2008 period was characterized by the average amount of precipitation in the vicinity of the city of Olsztyn. Three years were classified as wet, three years were dry and one year was very dry. The majority of the annual precipitation (77 % on average) occurred in the summer half-year. Summer was the wettest season (37 % of the total annual precipitation on average), and winter was the driest season (17 %). The pH of precipitation water ranged from 3.8 to 8.12 (pH 5.6 on average). Rainfall was usually slightly acidic (72 %) to acidic (21 %). The total nitrogen load in precipitation was determined by precipitation levels and the concentrations of mineral nitrogen compounds in precipitation. As regards nitrogen concentrations and loads, the predominant compound was N-NHU, while N-NO2 was present in low quantities. In the vicinity of Olsztyn, the input of mineral nitrogen via precipitation per ha, per year ranged from 5.34 to 9.74 kg, including 5.17 kg o ha-1 N-NH4, 2.27 kg o ha-1 N-NO3 and 0.05 kg o ha-1 N-NO2 on average. The highest mineral nitrogen load was noted in wet years (8.87 kg o ha-1 on average), while the lowest - in years with normal precipitation (4.80 kg o ha-1 on average). Most nitrogen was deposited from the atmosphere in precipitation over the growing season, which supported its accumulation in plants and soil, thus reducing groundwater and surface water pollution.
Badania prowadzono w latach hydrologicznych 1993-2008 w stacji meteorologicznej w Tomaszkowie koło Olsztyna. Obejmowały one: pomiary dobowych ilości opadów atmosferycznych, pobrania wód po każdym opadzie atmosferycznym, pH, EC oraz stężeń i ładunków mineralnych związków azotu: N-N02, N-NO3, N-NH4. Badania wykazały, że w latach 1993-2008 w okolicach Olsztyna dominowały lata o przeciętnych ilościach opadów atmosferycznych, a także wystąpiły 3 lata wilgotne, 3 suche oraz l rok bardzo suchy. Przeważająca część (średnio 77 %) opadu rocznego występowała w półroczu letnim. Spośród pór roku najwilgotniejsze było lato (średnio 37 % opadu rocznego), a najsuchsza była zima z ilością opadów na poziomie 17 % sumy rocznej. Wody opadowe miały odczyn pH 3,8 do pH 8,12), średnio pH 5,6. Wśród nich dominował odczyn słabo kwaśny (72 %) i kwaśny (21 %). Ładunek azotu wnoszonego wraz z opadami zależał od ich ilości i stężenia w nich mineralnych związków azotu. Pod względem stężenia i wielkości ładunku dominował N-NH4, a N-NO2 występował w marginalnych ilościach. Na 1 ha w okolicach Olsztyna wraz z opadami atmosferycznymi rocznie trafiało od 5,34 do 9,74 kg azotu mineralnego, w tym średnio: 5,17 kg o ha-1 N-NH4, 2,27 kg o ha-1 N-NO2 i 0,05 kg o ha-1 N-NO2. Największy ładunek azotu mineralnego wystąpił w latach wilgotnych (średnio 8,87 kg o ha-1), a najmniejszy (średnio 4,80 kg o ha-1) w latach normalnych. Przeważająca część depozycji atmosferycznej azotu występowała w okresie wegetacji, co umożliwiało jego akumulację w roślinach i glebie, a w efekcie ograniczało zanieczyszczenie nim wód gruntowych i powierzchniowych.
Źródło:
Ecological Chemistry and Engineering. A; 2010, 17, 2-3; 233-247
1898-6188
2084-4530
Pojawia się w:
Ecological Chemistry and Engineering. A
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
BIA, DPA, MBTA and DMA as Vapour Phase Corrosion Inhibitors for Mild Steel under different Atmospheric Conditions
Autorzy:
Kumar, H.
Yadav, V.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/412519.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
Tematy:
Mild steel
Atmospheric corrosion
vapor phase corrosion inhibitors
Eschke Test
Opis:
Mild steel is widely used as main raw material in fabrication of equipment, chief material of construction and as weapons. During its storage and transportation conditions, it comes in contact with aggressive environment which leads to decrease in mechanical strength and loss in useful properties. Four different vapor phase corrosion inhibitors (VPCIs) i.e. Benzaimidazole (BIA), Diphenyl amine (DPA), 2-mercapto benzothiazole (MBTA) and N,N-dimethyl aniline (DMA) were tested under different atmospheric conditions at 40 °C by Weight Loss, Eschke test, Salt Spray, SO2 test and SEM techniques. All the four VPCIs show good corrosion inhibition efficiency i.e. 65-96 %. The results obtained from all the four corrosion experiments were supported by SEM images.
Źródło:
International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy; 2014, 1; 52-66
2299-3843
Pojawia się w:
International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wpływ cyrkulacji atmosfery na występowanie dni mroźnych w Hornsundzie (Spitsbergen)
The influence of the atmospheric circulation on the occurrence of ice days in Hornsund (Spitsbergen)
Autorzy:
Niedźwiedź, T.
Łupikasza, E.
Małarzewski, Ł.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/260763.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Stowarzyszenie Klimatologów Polskich
Tematy:
dni mroźne
cyrkulacja atmosfery
Spitsbergen
Hornsund
ice days
atmospheric circulation
Opis:
Dni mroźne, definiowane jako dni z Tmax<0°C są jednym z termicznych wskaźników współ-czesnych zmian klimatu. Celem artykułu jest określenie wieloletnich zmian częstości występowania dni mroźnych w Hornsundzie oraz określenie relacji pomiędzy ich występowaniem i cyrkulacją atmosfery. Badania przeprowa-dzono na podstawie dostępnych danych dobowej maksymalnej temperatury powietrza (26.07.1957-16.08.1958 MRG; 4.07.1978-29.02.2012). Średnio w Hornsundzie notuje się 183 dni mroźnych w roku. Najczęściej pojawiają się one w marcu, zaś w ogóle nie występują w lipcu i sierpniu. W badanym okresie częstość występowania dni mroźnych istotnie malała w maju, czerwcu i grudniu. Tendencja spadkowa dotyczy również rocznych wartości liczby dni mroźnych. Sezonowe zróżnicowanie relacji pomiędzy częstością występowania dni mroźnych a cyrkulacją atmosfery jest słabsze niż w przypadku dni z przejściem temperatury przez próg 0°C. W większości miesięcy największym prawdopodo-bieństwem ich wystąpienia charakteryzują się typy antycyklonalne: Na, NEa, Ea, NWa oraz Ca i Ka. Występowaniu dni mroźnych nie sprzyja adwekcja ciepłego powietrza z południa.
Ice days defined as days with daily maximum temperature below 0°C are placed amongst the indices of current climate change. This paper aims at research both the long-term variability in the ice days occurrence and their relations to atmospheric circulation. All available data on daily maximum temperature were used (26.07.1957-16.08.1958 MRG; 4.07.1978-29.02.2012). On average, 183 ice days a year are noted in Hornsund. The highest number of the days occurs on March whereas they do not appear on July and August. The frequency of ice days were significantly lowering in May, June and August. The downward trend was also found in the annual index values. Seasonal differentiation of the relations between the ice days occurrence and atmospheric circulation are weaker than in case of days with freeze-thaw events. In majority months the highest probability of the ice days occurrence is linked to the six anticyclonic types (Na, NEa, Ea, NWa, Ca and Ka). Advection of warm air from south results in rarer ice days.
Źródło:
Problemy Klimatologii Polarnej; 2012, 22; 17-26
1234-0715
Pojawia się w:
Problemy Klimatologii Polarnej
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Performance Analysis of WDM-FSO Link under Turbulence Channel
Autorzy:
Mazin, Ali A. Ali
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1192036.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
Tematy:
free space optics
BER
Atmospheric Turbulence
NRZ format
RZ technique
Opis:
In this paper, the performance analysis of FSO communication link in various atmospheric turbulence has been analysis for different bit rate using NRZ and RZ technique. The effect of turbulence on the link performance has been investigated by varying bit rate, turbulence strength and modulation format. FSO performance carried out for BER, Q. factor, received power under maximum link. Simulation results show that RZ format is best for strong turbulence. Where NRZ technique is used for low and medium turbulence.
Źródło:
World Scientific News; 2016, 50; 160-173
2392-2192
Pojawia się w:
World Scientific News
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Zinc accumulation in lichens due to industrial emissions around Vorkuta, northeast European Russia
Autorzy:
Walker, Tony R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2051720.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
Arctic
atmospheric deposition
zinc
lichens
bioindicators
Cladonia arbuscula
Cladonia rangiferina
Źródło:
Polish Polar Research; 2008, 29, 2; 141-147
0138-0338
2081-8262
Pojawia się w:
Polish Polar Research
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Study on self-repairing and non-diffraction of Airy beams in slant atmospheric turbulence
Autorzy:
Li, Y.-Q.
Wang, L.-G.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/174867.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
atmospheric turbulence
Airy beam
self-repairing
non-diffraction
numerical simulation
Opis:
The Airy beams propagation in atmospheric turbulence along a slant path was simulated numerically, based on the split-step Fourier method. Also, the self-repairing and non-diffraction characteristics of Airy beams were investigated and compared with beams propagation on a horizontal path. The effects of parameters including zenith angle, propagation distance, radii of Gaussian aperture and turbulence intensity on the two characteristics of beams were revealed. Additionally, the two characteristics of the Airy beam were compared with those of a Bessel–Gauss beam. The results showed that the two beams obscured by Gaussian apertures can be repaired after propagating some distance along a slant path. However, the non-diffraction characteristic of an Airy beam was stronger than that of a Bessel–Gauss beam and the amplitude attenuation rate of the Bessel–Gauss beam was greater than that of the Airy beam in the process of self-repairing. Results obtained can provide a theoretical basis for an outdoor experiment as well as theoretical guidance for various practical applications including laser communications, laser warning systems, and remote sensing.
Źródło:
Optica Applicata; 2018, 48, 3; 435-447
0078-5466
1899-7015
Pojawia się w:
Optica Applicata
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Zapylenie powietrza atmosferycznego na głównych szlakach komunikacyjnych m. st. Warszawy
Zapylenie atmosfernogo vozdukha na glavnykh putjakh soobshhenija v Varshave
Atmospheric air pollution on highways of Warsaw
Autorzy:
Zwolinski, J.
Wyszynska, H.
Misiakiewicz, Z.
Kosinski, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/873042.pdf
Data publikacji:
1963
Wydawca:
Narodowy Instytut Zdrowia Publicznego. Państwowy Zakład Higieny
Tematy:
zanieczyszczenia atmosfery
ruch uliczny
miasta
szlaki komunikacyjne
zapylenie atmosfery
stopien zapylenia
Warszawa
atmospheric pollutant
traffic
town
transport route
atmospheric dust
dustiness
Warsaw area
Źródło:
Roczniki Państwowego Zakładu Higieny; 1963, 14, 2
0035-7715
Pojawia się w:
Roczniki Państwowego Zakładu Higieny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Air pollution mapping in the Wilaya of Annaba (NE of Algeria)
Autorzy:
Kharytonov, M.
Benselhoub, A.
Klimkina, I.
Bouhedja, A.
Idres, A.
Aissi, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/89046.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Wydział Geoinżynierii, Górnictwa i Geologii. Instytut Górnictwa
Tematy:
geographical information system
atmospheric pollution
industrial activities
risk assessment
Annaba
Opis:
Poor air quality can pose severe risks to human health and can also influence negatively on the natural environment. Annaba suffers from air pollution due to the industrial activities occurring in the province including, electricity generation, waste incineration, chemistry and other small additional industrial operations. However, mining, steel industry and metallurgy are considered among the most polluting activities. The aim of our research is to assess the risks of air pollution emissions with NO2, SO2, Toluene and Benzene as a result of industrial enterprises activities in Annaba province. The application of geo-graphical information system (GIS) mapping based on automatic monitoring networks of air quality, allows us the assessment of air pollution risks in the studied area. Two zones of air pollution with N02 in the level of 1 MPC has been recorded near the blast furnaces and the steel shop, the second halo of NO2 pollution was fixed over residential infrastructures. Moreover, revealed a tendency to higher content of nitrogen dioxide in the atmosphere of the bigger part of Annaba region. Corresponding to the data obtained from stationary monitoring networks, the annual average concentration of SO2 was significantly lower than the MPC. Based on GIS maps there are two areas with SO2 pollution inside the territory of El Hadjar metallurgical plant. A significant increase in concentrations of NO2 in the atmosphere of the industrial areas was recorded in the first decade. On average during three years the highest content of technogenic dust was detected in El Bouni.
Źródło:
Mining Science; 2016, 23; 183-189
2300-9586
2353-5423
Pojawia się w:
Mining Science
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
SeaWiFS-derived products in the Baltic Sea: performance analysis of a simple atmospheric correction algorithm
Autorzy:
Bulgarelli, B.
Melin, F.
Zibordi, G.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/47664.pdf
Data publikacji:
2003
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
Tematy:
ocean colour
remote sensing
accuracy analysis
Baltic Sea
atmospheric correction
Opis:
The accuracyan alysis of an approximate atmospheric correction algorithm for the processing of SeaWiFS data has been investigated for the Baltic Sea. The analysis made use of theoretical radiances produced with the FEM radiative transfer code for representative atmosphere-water test cases. The studysho wed uncertainties in the determination of the aerosol optical thickness at 865 nm and of the ˚Angstr¨om exponent lower than ±5% and ±10%, respectively. These results were confirmed bythe analysis of 59 match-ups between satellite-derived and in situ measurements for a site located in the central Baltic. Because of the relativelyhig h yellow substance absorption, often combined with the slanted solar illumination, the retrieval of the water-leaving radiance in the blue part of the spectrum appeared to be highlyd egraded, to the extent that almost no correlation was found between retrieved and simulated values. Better results were obtained at the other wavelengths. The accuracyin the estimation of the remote sensing reflectance ratio R35 decreased with diminishing chlorophyll a concentration and increasing yellow substance absorption, ranging between ±7% and ±47%. The propagation of R35 uncertainties on chlorophyll a estimation was quantified. Keeping the same atmosphere-water conditions, the atmospheric correction scheme appeared sensitive to seasonal changes in the Sun zenith.
Źródło:
Oceanologia; 2003, 45, 4
0078-3234
Pojawia się w:
Oceanologia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Ground temperature changes on the Kaffiøyra Plain (Spitsbergen) in the summer seasons, 1975–2014
Autorzy:
Araźny, Andrzej
Przybylak, Rajmund
Kejna, Marek
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2046859.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
Arctic
Spitsbergen
Kaffiøyra
ground temperature
multi−annual variability
atmospheric circulation
Źródło:
Polish Polar Research; 2016, 37, 1; 1-21
0138-0338
2081-8262
Pojawia się w:
Polish Polar Research
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Quantity of Nitrogen Deposited in Soil as Precipitated from Atmosphere in the Wroclaw Area during 2002–2007
Ilość azotu wnoszona do gleby z opadami atmosferycznymi w rejonie Wrocławia w latach 2002-2007
Autorzy:
Czyżyk, F.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/389508.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Towarzystwo Chemii i Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
opad atmosferyczny
azot ogólny
azotany
atmospheric precipitation
total nitrogen
nitrates
Opis:
Nitrogen content was examined in total atmospheric precipitation in eastern outskirts of Wroclaw. Overall nitrogen content varied considerably and ranged from 0.8 to 16.8 mg N dm–3. Of substantial proportion in overall nitrogen was nitrate (V) nitrogen whose concentration in atmospheric precipitations ranged from 0.3 to 3.7 mg N dm–3. Also of diversity were both monthly as well as annual charges of nitrogen deposited in the soil along with precipitations. Annual charges of nitrogen deposited in the soil amounted from 33 to 42 kg N ź ha–1, and average multiyear charge amounted to 37.8 kg N ź ha–1, of which over 60 % can be assigned to growing season. These are quantities that should be taken into consideration in fertilization balance of agricultural farming.
Badano zawartości azotu w całkowitych opadach atmosferycznych na wschodnim obrzeżu Wrocławia. Zawartooeci azotu ogólnego były bardzo zróżnicowane i wahały się od 0,8 do 16,8 mg N dm–3. Znaczny udział w azocie całkowitym miał azot azotanowy, którego stężenie w opadach atmosferycznych wahały się od 0,3 do 3,7 mg N dm–3. Zróżnicowane były też, zarówno miesięczne, jak i roczne ładunki azotu wniesionego do gleby z opadami. Roczne ładunki azotu wniesionego do gleby wynosiły od 33 do 42 kg N ź ha–1, a średni wieloletni ładunek wynosił 37,8 kg N ź ha–1, z czego ponad 60 % przypada na okres wegetacyjny. Są to ilooeci, które powinny być uwzględniane w bilansie nawozowym gospodarstw rolnych.
Źródło:
Ecological Chemistry and Engineering. A; 2011, 18, 4; 515-521
1898-6188
2084-4530
Pojawia się w:
Ecological Chemistry and Engineering. A
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Zmienność warunków anemometrycznych w województwie warmińsko-mazurskim w latach 1991–2010
Variability of anemometric conditions in the warmińsko-mazurskie province in the years 1991–2010
Autorzy:
Pożarska, K.
Grabowski, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/338464.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Instytut Technologiczno-Przyrodniczy
Tematy:
cisza atmosferyczna
kierunek
prędkość
wiatr
atmospheric calm
direction
speed
wind
Opis:
Praca dotyczy kształtowania się warunków anemometrycznych w czterech miejscowościach województwa warmińsko-mazurskiego, zróżnicowanych pod względem warunków fizjograficznych. Celem podjętych badań była analiza przebiegu warunków anemometrycznych w latach 1991– 2010 pod względem różnych klas prędkości, na podstawie 360-stopniowej róży wiatrów. Uwzględniono także częstość występowania cisz atmosferycznych w badanym okresie. Dane wyjściowe dotyczące średnich prędkości i kierunków wiatru dla stacji meteorologicznych w Elblągu, Kętrzynie, Mikołajkach i Olsztynie uzyskano z IMGW-PIB. Na podstawie analizy warunków anemometrycznych w badanym 20-leciu stwierdzono, że największe średnie prędkości wiatru występowały w Kętrzynie (3,5 m•s-1), a najmniejsze w Mikołajkach i Olsztynie (2,9 m•s-1). Spośród badanych miejscowości w Elblągu przeważały wiatry z kierunku południowego, a w pozostałych miejscowościach z zachodu i południa. Cisze atmosferyczne najczęściej występowały w Olsztynie (7,4%).
This paper describes anemometric conditions in four localities of the Warmińsko-Mazurskie Province of different physiographic conditions. The aim of this study was to analyse the anemometric conditions in the years 1991–2010 in different speed classes based on 360 degree wind rose. Furthermore, the frequency of calms during this period was also calculated. The input data on the average wind speed and direction were obtained from meteorological stations of the Institute of Meteorology and Water Management – National Research Institute located in Elbląg, Kętrzyn, Mikołajki and Olsztyn. Based on the analysis of the anemometric conditions in the analyzed 20-year period it was found that the highest average wind speed was in Kętrzyn (3.5 m•s-1) and the lowest was in Mikołajki and Olsztyn (2.9 m•s-1). Among all studied localities, the southerly winds dominated in Elblag, in other localities westerly and southerly winds were dominating. The largest frequency of atmospheric calms (7.4%) occurred in Olsztyn.
Źródło:
Woda-Środowisko-Obszary Wiejskie; 2015, 15, 4; 29-38
1642-8145
Pojawia się w:
Woda-Środowisko-Obszary Wiejskie
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Amplituda dobowa temperatury powietrza na Antarktydzie
Diurnal air temperature range on the Antarctic
Autorzy:
Kejna, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/260832.pdf
Data publikacji:
2004
Wydawca:
Stowarzyszenie Klimatologów Polskich
Tematy:
temperatury powietrza
Antarktyda
cyrkulacja atmosferyczna
air temperature
Antarctic
atmospheric circulation
Opis:
Diurnal air temperature ranges (DTR) have been counted based on the monthly mean values of the daily maximal and minimal air temperature from 23 Antarctic stations. DTR shows a considerable spatial differentiation on the Antarctic. The lowest DTR values (4-6°C) occur along the western coast of the Antarctic Peninsula and on the subantarctic islands. At the remaining coast of Antarctica the mean DTR vary from 6-7°C to 10°C at the stations situated on higher geographical latitude. In the Antarctic inlands the largest DTR values occur at the highest parts of glacier plateau (8-9°C), while on the South Pole they are distinctly smaller (6°C). In the annual course of DTR the following types have been distinguished: oceanic type at the western coast of the Antarctic Peninsula with small DTR in summer (2-4°C) and twice higher in winter; oceanic-continental type at the coast of Eastern Antarctic with large DTR during the whole year; continental-oceanic type with high DTR in summer and still higher (up to 13°C) in winter occurring at Western Antarctic and in the Weddell Sea basin; continental type characteristic for the interior of the continent with the highest DTR in summer (11-12°C) and smaller in winter; polar type with small DTR in summer (to 3°C) and considerable higher in winter (7-8°C). A decrease of DTR occurred on the Antarctic in regions characterized by increasing temperature in the second half of the 20th century, especially on the western coast of the Antarctic Peninsula, on the coast of Ross Sea and on the Queen Maud Land. The decrease in the DTR values was connected with the quicker increase of daily minimal air temperatures. On the other hand, in the regions where cooling was noted the DTR values increase (inlands of Eastern Antarctic and South Pole, and the Weddell Sea basin), mainly due to the fall in daily minimal air temperatures.
Źródło:
Problemy Klimatologii Polarnej; 2004, 14; 7-18
1234-0715
Pojawia się w:
Problemy Klimatologii Polarnej
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Cyrkulacyjne uwarunkowania występowania mgieł na wybranych lotniskach w Polsce
The influence of synoptic situations on the occurrence of fog at selected airports in Poland
Autorzy:
Śmigiera, Sylwia
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1818527.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwa Geofizyczne
Tematy:
mgła
lotniska
Polska
cyrkulacja atmosfery
fog
airports
Polska
atmospheric circulation
Opis:
Celem pracy jest określenie wpływu cyrkulacji atmosfery na występowanie mgieł na wybranych lotniskach w Polsce. Wykorzystano dane z okresu 1981-2015, obejmujące liczbę godzin z mgłą w poszczególnych dniach na stacjach w Szczecinie, Gdańsku, Poznaniu, Warszawie, Wrocławiu, Krakowie i Rzeszowie. Typy cyrkulacji atmosferycznej zostały opisane zgodnie z typologią J. Lityńskiego. Dodatkowo wykorzystano dane uzupełniające, obejmujące Numeryczny Model Terenu (DEM), mapy sieci rzecznej i zbiorników wodnych w Polsce oraz mapę pokrycia terenu CORINE Land Cover 2012. Z przeprowadzonych analiz wynika, że istotną rolę w występowaniu dni z mgłą odgrywają kierunki adwekcji powietrza. W większości przypadków najwięcej dni z mgłą występowało podczas adwekcji powietrza z kierunków południowych, a najmniej z północnych, niezależnie od pory roku. Zróżnicowanie przestrzenne występowania mgły w określonym typie cyrkulacji jest spowodowane między innymi wpływem warunków lokalnych. Największy wpływ wykazują rzeźba terenu i obecność zbiorników wodnych.
The aim of this paper is to examine the influence of atmospheric circulation on the occurrence of days with fog at the airports in Poland. The data included the number of hours with fog on particular days in the period of 1981-2015 on the stations in Szczecin, Gdańsk, Poznań, Warszawa, Wrocław, Kraków and Rzeszów. The study uses the circulation typology by J. Lityński. Additionallny, Digital Elevation Model, map of rivers and water reservoirs in Poland and land cover map CORINE 2012 were used in this research. The occurrence of days with fog in particular circulation types was assessed with the frequency and conditional probability. It was found that the directions of air advection play an important role in the occurrence of days with fog. In most cases the most days with fog occurred during air advection from southern directions and the least from northern ones. The spatial diversity of fog occurrence in a given type of circulation is caused by the influence of local conditions. The strongest influence is exerted by the relief and the presence of water reservoirs.
Źródło:
Przegląd Geofizyczny; 2021, Z. 1-2; 65--83
0033-2135
Pojawia się w:
Przegląd Geofizyczny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Effect of precipitation on the acidification of soils of West Pomeranian Voivodeship
Autorzy:
Daniszewski, P.
Draszawka-Bołzan, B.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/411961.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
Tematy:
wet fallout
atmospheric pollutants
pH
concentration of chemical components
soil
Opis:
The progress of civilization as well as the growing up process of transformative environment adversely affect individual environmental elements in the soil. In recent years the increasing pollution of the atmosphere causes more and more interest in the science of the substances contained in it and merge back to the surface of the Earth. Of great importance for the environment have the substances contained in the water drainage, as in the form of dissolved very easily reach the individual environmental elements causing their contamination. Strong acidification most soils in Poland is the main cause of weak download main nutrients in soils, and low yields. Part of important plant micronutrients: iron, copper, zinc, manganese, cobalt/an acidic soils are more available In soils acidic phosphorus being introduced in mineral fertilisers is associated with aluminum and iron, in forms not available for plants. The low pH of the soil inhibits the oxidation of ammonium nitrogen (NH4 +) to nitrate (NO3 -), and at the same time, poorly developed root system is not able to efficiently downloadion nitrate from the soil. The result is outside the range of the washing of nitrate nitro gen contamination of groundwater and is followed by the root system. The purpose of the work was to determine the pH of precipitation and atmospheric.
Źródło:
International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy; 2013, 1; 85-95
2299-3843
Pojawia się w:
International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wpływ warunków atmosferycznych na prędkość pojazdów
Influence of Atmospheric Conditions on Vehicle Speed
Autorzy:
Szczuraszek, T.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/144290.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Stowarzyszenie Inżynierów i Techników Komunikacji Rzeczpospolitej Polskiej
Tematy:
drogi
pojazdy
prędkość
warunki atmosferyczne
roads
vehicles
speed
atmospheric conditions
Opis:
Pomiary prędkości pojazdów na drogach wykazały, że średnia prędkość zależy od warunków atmosferycznych, takich jak: ciśnienie, zachmurzenie, opady, zamglenie, wilgotność temperatura, prędkość wiatru, położenie słońca. Największy wpływ miały opady atmosferyczne, następnie ciśnienie atmosferyczne i położenie słońca, a najmniejszy temperatura powietrza.
Measurements of vehicle speed on roads indicated that vehicle speed depends on atmospheric conditions such as pressure, cloud cover, precipitation, fog, moisture, temperature, wind speed, sun position. Highest influence came from precipitation, next from air pressure and sun position but lowest influence came from air temperature.
Źródło:
Drogownictwo; 2010, 2; 45-53
0012-6357
Pojawia się w:
Drogownictwo
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Variation in Direct Solar Irradiation with Relative Humidity and Atmospheric Temperature
Autorzy:
Wazwaz, Aref
Khan, Mohd Shariq
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/124148.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
solar irradiation
pyranometer
relative humidity
atmospheric temperature
accumulative solar flux
Opis:
A class first Pyranometer was used to measure the direct solar irradiation and the obtained results were analyzed. Separate sensors were used to measure the relative humidity and the atmospheric temperature (RH/AT sensors). The measurements were conducted for the whole year of 2013. The author analyzed the collected solar data during one day, month, and year. The maximum, minimum, average, and accumulative solar irradiation (SR) were calculated and analyzed with connection to relative humidity and atmospheric temperature. The author found that April was characterized by the average maximum solar irradiation (SR= 1112±1W/m2), May had the maximum SR accumulation (13276552± 1W/m2). The maximum average percentage relative humidity found in July (% RH = 97± 3%), while the minimum average % RH is in December (% RH = 25± 3%). In May, the maximum average atmospheric temperature was 36.0 ± 0.6°C, while the average minimum was in January (AT= 19.1 ± 0.6°C). The total accumulation of solar flux during the year 2013 is 222 ± 1MW/m2.
Źródło:
Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2019, 20, 9; 38-43
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Zapylenie powietrza atmosferycznego M. Krakowa
Dust concentrations in the atmospheric air of Cracow
Autorzy:
Gastol, B.
Anselm, O.
Gorczynska, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/875407.pdf
Data publikacji:
1956
Wydawca:
Narodowy Instytut Zdrowia Publicznego. Państwowy Zakład Higieny
Tematy:
powietrze atmosferyczne
zapylanie
Krakow
pyl atmosferyczny
wilgotnosc
zanieczyszczenia powietrza
liczebnosc
badania naukowe
atmospheric air
pollination
Krakow city
atmospheric dust
humidity
air contaminant
scientific research
Źródło:
Roczniki Państwowego Zakładu Higieny; 1956, 07, 5
0035-7715
Pojawia się w:
Roczniki Państwowego Zakładu Higieny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Physical aspects of extreme storm surges and falls on the Polish coast
Autorzy:
Wisniewski, B.
Wolski, T.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/49192.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
Tematy:
atmospheric precipitation
atmospheric pressure
deformation
evaporation
fall
meteorological factor
Polish coast
sea level
sea surface
storm surge
water density
water exchange
wind stress
wind velocity
Opis:
Extreme sea levels – storm-generated surges and falls – on the Polish coast are usually the effects of three components: the volume of water in the southern Baltic (the initial level preceding a given extreme situation), the action of tangential wind stresses in the area (wind directions: whether shore- or seaward; wind velocities; and wind action duration), and the sea surface deformation produced by deep, mesoscale baric lows moving rapidly over the southern and central Baltic that generate the so-called baric wave. Among these factors, the baric wave is particularly important for, i.e. the water cushion underneath the baric depression, moving along the actual atmospheric pressure system over the sea surface.
Źródło:
Oceanologia; 2011, 53, (1-TI)
0078-3234
Pojawia się w:
Oceanologia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Stanowisko naukowo-badawcze dla maszynowego doju krów
Research station for mechanical milking of cows
Autorzy:
Juszka, H.
Tomasik, M.
Lis, S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/286956.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Rolniczej
Tematy:
dój
krowa
podciśnienie
stanowisko badawcze
milking
cow
atmospheric subpressure
research station
Opis:
Przedstawiono stanowisko badawcze, na którym jest realizowany cykl badań nad automatycznym sterowaniem parametrami pracy aparatu udojowego. Wykonano instalację podciśnieniową z elektronicznym regulatorem podciśnienia oraz fragment instalacji mlecznej. Wyposażone zostało w najnowocześniejsze urządzenia firmy DeLaval.
The research station where a cycle of tests of automatic control of working parameters of the milking apparatus is performed was presented. The atmospheric subpressure system with an electronic atmospheric subpressure controller and a fragment of the milking system were constructed. The station is equipped with the state of-the-art equipment made by DeLaval.
Źródło:
Inżynieria Rolnicza; 2010, R. 14, nr 4, 4; 91-97
1429-7264
Pojawia się w:
Inżynieria Rolnicza
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Terminy i częstość występowania odwilży atmosferycznych w okolicach Olsztyna w latach 1952-2002
The terms and frequency of atmospheric thaws near Olsztyn in the years 1952-2002
Autorzy:
Olba-Zięty, E.
Grabowski, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/337817.pdf
Data publikacji:
2005
Wydawca:
Instytut Technologiczno-Przyrodniczy
Tematy:
częstość
odwilże atmosferyczne
terminy występowania
terms of occurrence
atmospheric thaws
frequency
Opis:
Materiał wyjściowy do opracowania przebiegu odwilży atmosferycznych w okolicach Olsztyna stanowiły wartości średniej dobowej temperatury powietrza mierzonej na poziomie standardowym w latach 1952/1953-2001/2002. Klasyfikację odwilży atmosferycznych oparto na podziale Czarneckiej [Atlas ..., 1990]. Obejmuje on odwilże atmosferyczne (dni ze średnią dobową temperaturą powietrza powyżej 0°C przez co najmniej trzy dni w ciągach 2-, 5-, 10- i 20-dniowych). W okresie zimowym analizowanego 50-lecia stwierdzono, że najmniejsza liczba dni z odwilżami atmosferycznymi wynosiła 2, największa - 88, a średnia - 40. Ponadto stwierdzono, że w ciągu zimy minimalnie wystąpiła 1 odwilż, maksymalnie - 11, średnio - 5,3. Wśród odwilży najwięcej było trwających 2 dni - 46%, najmniej trwających 20 dni - ponad 7%. Odwilże atmosferyczne najczęściej występowały w grudniu, rzadziej w styczniu i lutym.
Material for the study of atmospheric thaws in the Olsztyn surroundings was based on mean daily air temperatures recorded at the standard level in the period from 1952/1953 to 2001/2002. Thaws were studied in 2, 5, 10, 20 days long series [Atlas ..., 1990] with an average winter daily temperature above 0°C for at least 3 days. The lowest number of days with thaws was 2 and the highest was 88 in the studied period of 50 years. Average number of days with thaws was 40. Additionally we found minimum - 1 thaw, maximum 11, while the average number was 5,3 thaws per winter. Forty six percent of thaws lasted 2 days, those lasting 20 days were only 7%. Atmospheric thaws were recorded mainly in December and occasionally in January or February.
Źródło:
Woda-Środowisko-Obszary Wiejskie; 2005, T. 5, z. spec.; 231-236
1642-8145
Pojawia się w:
Woda-Środowisko-Obszary Wiejskie
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
KORELACJA ZMIAN STĘŻEŃ PYŁÓW ZAWIESZONYCH PM10 Z TYPAMI CYRKULACJI ATMOSFERYCZNEJ W KONINIE W LATACH 2012–2016
Autorzy:
Karczewska, Kaja
Kolendowicz, Leszek
Półrolniczak, Marek
Forycka–Ławniczak, Hanna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/943775.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Poznańskie Towarzystwo Przyjaciół Nauk
Tematy:
particulate matter PM10
atmospheric circulation
concentration levels analysis
Konin
Polska
Opis:
The subject of the paper is the influence of atmospheric circulation on the content of suspended PM10 in the air in Konin. For this purpose dust concentrations from the period 2012–2016 were generally characterized. PM10 particulate matter concentration average hourly data were obtained from the Main Inspectorate of Environmental Protection website. Based on these data, long-term, seasonal and daily changes in the PM10 concentration in the atmosphere were investigated. The study analysed the daily variability of the PM10 suspended particulate matter concentration to present seasonal differences (in hot and cold seasons). In order to determine the influence of atmospheric circulation on the PM10 particulate matter concentration, the concentration levels data were compared with the types of circulation prevailing on the same day. In this study according to synoptic maps the days with maximum and minimum concentrations PM levels were analysed. It was found which type of meteorological circulation is conducive to higher levels concentrations of particulate matter PM10, and which has a positive effect on the quality of the air in Konin.
Źródło:
Badania Fizjograficzne Seria A - Geografia Fizyczna; 2018, 9(69); 45-64
2081-6014
Pojawia się w:
Badania Fizjograficzne Seria A - Geografia Fizyczna
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł

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