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Wyszukujesz frazę "aptitude" wg kryterium: Temat


Tytuł:
Language aptitude: Desirable trait or acquirable attribute?
Autorzy:
Singleton, David
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/781011.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
aptitude
working memory
experience
language aptitude tests
instruction
Opis:
The traditional definition of language aptitude sees it as “an individual’s initial state of readiness and capacity for learning a foreign language, and probable facility in doing so given the presence of motivation and opportunity” (Carroll, 1981, p. 86). This conception portrays language aptitude as a trait, in the sense of exhibiting stability over long periods of time and being immune to training. The trait view of language aptitude tends towards the notion that it is innate, and indeed language aptitude has often been associated with the popular notion of a “gift for languages” (cf. Rosenthal, 1996, p. 59). The view of language aptitude as an innate trait has, however, long been questioned (see e.g., Neufeld, 1978). Recently, this questioning has intensified (see Singleton, 2014), especially since the development of a widespread consensus that working memory needs to be recognized as an important component of language aptitude (see Wen, 2016). Working memory was also once thought of as a trait, but is now recognized as susceptible to the influence of experience and instruction (see e.g., Williams, 2012). The present paper will track the trajectory of the above theoretical discussion and will explore the implications of the stage it has now reached.
Źródło:
Studies in Second Language Learning and Teaching; 2017, 7, 1; 89-103
2083-5205
2084-1965
Pojawia się w:
Studies in Second Language Learning and Teaching
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Narzędzia identyfikacji zdolności do nauki języków obcych, ich analiza i możliwości zastosowania w glottodydaktyce
Tools of measuring foreign language learning aptitude, their analysis and possibilities of application in language pedagogy
Autorzy:
Sobańska-Jędrych, Joanna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1037751.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010-06-15
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu. Collegium Novum. Polskie Towarzystwo Neofilologiczne
Tematy:
glottodidactic research
aptitude
measuring aptitude
badania glottodydaktyczne
, zdolności językowe
pomiar predyspozycji językowych
Opis:
Diagnosis is one of teachers’ (including foreign language teachers) key tasks. The teacher should get to know his or her learners and their intellectual abilities before beginning the process of developing their language competence. Unfortunately, Polish teachers lack standard tools of measuring foreign language learning aptitude. Such a situation follows from insufficient knowledge in this field. Another reason is the scarcity with which this issue is discussed. The aim of this article is to discuss the ways of diagnosing foreign language learning aptitude that have been attempted so far both in Poland and abroad. This will constitute the background for the analysis of the present tools for measuring foreign language learning aptitude and the possibilities of applying them in research into foreign language learning and teaching. This analysis takes as a point of reference the current theory of abilities involved in learning a foreign language.
Źródło:
Neofilolog; 2010, 35; 23-32
1429-2173
Pojawia się w:
Neofilolog
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The art of non-verbal communication in perlocutionary giftedness
Autorzy:
Świątek, Adam
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1040255.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019-12-30
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II
Tematy:
aptitude
communication
individual differences
perlocution
Opis:
Language aptitude and perlocutionary acts and effects have been subjects of extensive research since their true beginnings in the 1950’s and 1960’s, respectively. On the one hand, Carroll and Sapon (1959), Pimsleur (1966), or Biedroń (2012) aimed at revealing the factors responsible for a learner’s sixth sense for languages. On the other hand, almost simultaneously, Austin (1962) introduced the tripartite division of a speech act, with locutions, illocutions, and perlocutions as the integral components, later developed by Searle (1969), who shed new light on the Speech Act Theory (SAT). At that time, however, the role of the perlocutionary component was significantly diminished, since the primary goal of pragmatics was to investigate the speaker’s intentions. Gradually, the role of perlocutionary acts and effects changed and more attention was drawn to the perlocutionary aspect. In 1979, Cohen, Davis and Gaines highlighted the fact that perlocutionary acts have perlocutionary goals, which might be observed by the subsequent effects utterance have on the listener. In 2013, Post offered a new insight into the SAT and suggested that the role of perlocution ought not to be diminished, but enhanced and intensified. In 2015, Świątek suggested a contrasting approach to both concepts and combined them to investigate the role of individual differences responsible for one’s verbal perlocutionary giftedness. The research revealed that the aspects like verbal aptitude, anxiety, willingness to communicate, or personality type had considerable impact on perlocutionary skills and the desired perlocutionary effects. Świątek’s approach shed new light on the research on pragmatic aspects of glottodidactics and opened a new chapter in that field of science. The aim of the presentation is to concentrate on yet another fundamental factor of perlocutionary giftedness, i.e. non-verbal aspects in its manifestation. The research, based on experiential and comparative methods as well as individual case analysis, aimed at revealing a strong link between verbal perlocutionary giftedness and the accompanying non-verbal aspects of communication, such as kinesics, proxemics, vocalics, or posture, which affect the listener’s decisions, who then complies with the speaker’s will.
Źródło:
Linguistics Beyond and Within; 2019, 5; 135-147
2450-5188
Pojawia się w:
Linguistics Beyond and Within
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
New Conceptualizations of Language Aptitude - The Potential of Working Memory in Second Language Acquisition (SLA)
Autorzy:
Grymska, Beata
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/783201.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Śląskiego
Tematy:
language aptitude
working memory
SLA
Opis:
The chapter sheds light on new conceptualizations of foreign language aptitude by emphasizing the role of working memory (WM). It is organised into 3 sections. The first section presents a brief historical overview of the research on language aptitude based on John Carroll’s work. The second part elaborates on working memory construct discussing Baddeley’s multi-component model of WM and its functions. The paper proposes incorporating working memory as a crucial component of language aptitude construct. In the light of the issue mentioned above, the third section of the article focuses on the newest and original empirical evidence which supports the role of WM in different aspects of L2 learning, i.e. reading, listening, speaking, writing and bilingual interpretation as well as vocabulary and grammar learning. Its concluding part reflects upon the relevance of language aptitude paving the way for future research.
Źródło:
Theory and Practice of Second Language Acquisition; 2016, 2, 1
2450-5455
2451-2125
Pojawia się w:
Theory and Practice of Second Language Acquisition
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Circadian rhythms and second language performance
Autorzy:
de Bot, Kees
Fang, fang
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/780913.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
circadian rhythm
chronotype
aptitude
vocabulary
Opis:
Human behavior is not constant over the hours of the day, and there are considerable individual differences. Some people raise early and go to bed early and have their peek performance early in the day (“larks”) while others tend to go to bed late and get up late and have their best performance later in the day (“owls”). In this contribution we report on three projects on the role of chronotype (CT) in language processing and learning. The first study (de Bot, 2013) reports on the impact of CT on language learning aptitude and word learning. The second project was reported in Fang (2015) and looks at CT and executive functions, in particular inhibition as measured by variants of the Stroop test. The third project aimed at assessing lexical access in L1 and L2 at preferred and non-preferred times of the day. The data suggest that there are effects of CT on language learning and processing. There is a small effect of CT on language aptitude and a stronger effect of CT on lexical access in the first and second language. The lack of significance for other tasks is mainly caused by the large interindividual and intraindividual variation.
Źródło:
Studies in Second Language Learning and Teaching; 2017, 7, 1; 47-60
2083-5205
2084-1965
Pojawia się w:
Studies in Second Language Learning and Teaching
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Investigating opinions on ICT use in higher education
Autorzy:
Hales, Colin F.
Fura, Barbara
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/432180.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wrocławiu
Tematy:
computer aptitude
e-learning
students’ attitude
Opis:
This article presents research results on attitudes of students’ towards the use of ICT in the education process. The analyses were conducted against the backdrop of the students’ subjective assessment of their general computer aptitude as well as their access to and use of ICT. The results prove that students’ opinions on the wider use of ICT in the learning process was influenced by a subjective assessment of their general computer skills which was determined e.g. by their specialization as well as demographic characteristics. Access to a computer/Internet influenced their familiarity with some applications and online activities. The results confirm that students with a higher appraisal of their competence were more positively inclined towards a wider use of ICT than those with lower levels of competence.
Źródło:
Informatyka Ekonomiczna; 2013, 2(28); 37-55
1507-3858
Pojawia się w:
Informatyka Ekonomiczna
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Method of assessment of technical object aptitude in environment of exploitation and service conditions
Metoda oceny stanu zdatności obiektu technicznego w otoczeniu warunków użytkowania i jakości obsługi
Autorzy:
Grądzki, R.
Lindstedt, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1365865.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Polskie Naukowo-Techniczne Towarzystwo Eksploatacyjne PAN
Tematy:
diagnostics
regulation
aptitude
diagnostyka
regulacja
zdatność
Opis:
In the article, results of exploitation research of three various technical objects (public transportation bus engines) are presented. Gathered data is presented in three sets (1 – concerning object, 2 – concerning driving conditions, 3 – concerning driver, where sets 2 and 3 are object environment) in form of points (expert number assessments). Relation between point information on object and point information on environment was described using coupled state interaction equations. Such approach allowed to determine the following for each moment of exploitation: technical condition parameter aT and operating condition parameter aR, therefore in each moment of exploitation data regarding operating and technical condition of exploited object (bus) is available. This data allows for identification of object aptitude condition and thus optimally control processes of exploitation and service of particular objects as element of set of objects and set of objects.
W artykule przedstawiono wyniki badań eksploatacyjnych trzech różnych obiektów technicznych (silników autobusów komunikacji miejskiej). Zebrana informacja została przedstawiona w 3 zbiorach (1 – dotyczy obiektu, 2 – dotyczy warunków jazdy, 3 – dotyczy kierowcy; przy czym zbiory 2 i 3 stanowią otoczenie obiektu) w postaci umownych punktów (eksperckich liczbowych ocen). Relację między punktową informacją o obiekcie i punktową informacją o otoczeniu opisano za pomocą sprzężonych równań stanu. Takie podejście pozwoliło wyznaczyć dla każdej chwili eksploatacji: parametr stanu technicznego aT i parametr stanu działania aR, Zatem w każdej chwili eksploatacji może być dostępna informacja o stanie technicznym i stanie działania każdego eksploatowanego obiektu (autobusu). Informacja ta pozwala identyfikować w każdej chwili stan zdatności obiektu, a zatem pozwala optymanie sterować procesami użytkowania i obsługi poszczególnych obiektów jako elementu zbioru obiektów i zbiorem obiektów.
Źródło:
Eksploatacja i Niezawodność; 2015, 17, 1; 54-63
1507-2711
Pojawia się w:
Eksploatacja i Niezawodność
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Neurology of foreign language aptitude
Autorzy:
Biedroń, Adriana
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/780635.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015-03
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
foreign language aptitude
neurology
neurolinguistics
individual differences
Opis:
This state-of-the art paper focuses on the poorly explored issue of foreign language aptitude, attempting to present the latest developments in this field and reconceptualizations of the construct from the perspective of neuroscience. In accordance with this goal, it first discusses general directions in neurolinguistic research on foreign language aptitude, starting with the earliest attempts to define the neurological substrate for talent, sources of difficulties in the neurolinguistic research on foreign language aptitude and modern research methods. This is followed by the discussion of the research on the phonology of foreign language aptitude with emphasis on functional and structural studies as well as their consequences for the knowledge of the concept. The subsequent section presents the studies which focus on lexical and morphosyntactic aspects of foreign language aptitude. The paper ends with a discussion of the limitations of contemporary research, the future directions of such research and selec ed methodological issues.
Źródło:
Studies in Second Language Learning and Teaching; 2015, 5, 1; 13-40
2083-5205
2084-1965
Pojawia się w:
Studies in Second Language Learning and Teaching
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Phonetically Gifted Students – on the Language Aptitude Components
Autorzy:
Zalisz, Katarzyna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2029005.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Wrocławski. Oficyna Wydawnicza ATUT – Wrocławskie Wydawnictwo Oświatowe
Tematy:
language aptitude
phonetically gifted students
language attainment
phonodidactics
Opis:
The focal point of the article is to explore the notion of language aptitude from the perspective of phonetically gifted students. The introductory part includes an overview of primary as well as contemporary theories and research findings regarding the concept itself. Having presented the theoretical background, the following sections are devoted to the ongoing discussion concerning the language aptitude components and their mutual dependence. The final section focuses on possible perspectives and implications for further research in the area of foreign language attainment. Additionally, the author’s work-in-progress study on phonetically gifted students is delineated.
Źródło:
Linguistische Treffen in Wrocław; 2020, 18; 479-486
2084-3062
2657-5647
Pojawia się w:
Linguistische Treffen in Wrocław
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Determining Scholastic Aptitude Test as Predictors of Academic Achievement on Students of Islamic School in Indonesia
Autorzy:
Muhid, Abdul
Yusuf, Ahmad
Kusaeri, Kusaeri
Novitasari, Dian Candra Rini
Asyhar, Ahmad Hanif
Ridho, Ali
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1963593.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020-09-30
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Tematy:
academic achievement
cognitive abilities
predictor
scholastic aptitude test
Opis:
Selection of new students is based on student potential. Research on the potential of the cognitive abilities and records of Islamic school students’ academic achievement in Indonesia are still very rare. This paper presents empirical data about the predictive ability of a test of scholastic ability for the academic achievement of Islamic school students in Indonesia. This research used a quantitative approach with a survey method that used the Ministry of Religious Affair (MORA)’s Scholastic Aptitude Test (SAT) and Students’ scores on 5 subjects in the first semester. The subjects of this study were 9609 Islamic school students selected using a quota sampling technique that represented Islamic schools in Indonesia. The results of this study indicate that all of the SAT subsets, those are verbal, numerical, analytical and spatial, are significant predictors of academic achievement of Islamic school students in Indonesia. The empirical analytical sub-test is the strongest predictor of Islamic school students’ academic scores. While, the analytical sub-test has very significant correlation with the academic score on Islamic Studies subjects. Meanwhile the verbal sub-test has a very strong relationship with academic achievement in Arabic and English subjects, the numerical sub-test very strongly relates to academic achievement in science and mathematics subjects. Among the four SAT subtests, the spatial sub-test had the lowest correlation with all subjects
Źródło:
The New Educational Review; 2020, 61; 211-221
1732-6729
Pojawia się w:
The New Educational Review
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Examining the connections between police aptitude tests and tactical skills in police procedures
Autorzy:
Mátés, Gábor
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/45258505.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023-01-10
Wydawca:
Akademia Policji w Szczytnie
Tematy:
police tactics
aptitude test
police school
health fitness
Opis:
Among other factors, the ability of police officers to act is determined by the aptitude test carried out when admitted to the police school, which examines whether the police officer will be able to meet the physical and psychological expectations placed on him in his later work. In Hungary, a new regulation has been in place in this regard since 1 January 2021. In my thesis, I present and compare the previous and new regulations, as well as try to find out the motives for the change. I will also examine the relationship between health, psychological and physical fitness tests and the tactical capabilities of police officers
Źródło:
Przegląd Policyjny; 2022, 147(3); 214-223
0867-5708
Pojawia się w:
Przegląd Policyjny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Language analytic ability in advanced FL learners: a comparative study
Autorzy:
Turula, Anna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/577051.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
language aptitude
working memory
analytic language ability
CALP
BICS
Opis:
The article is intended as a voice in the discussion on language aptitude, with particular regard to its two components: memory and language analytic ability. It will be argued here that – unlike memory, favoured by Skehan (2003) – it may be the language analytic ability manifested, among others, as considerable dexterity in retrieving constructional schematizations to decode language innovation, which grows in importance with learner proficiency. It will also be argued here that both capacities, the said ability as well as memory, should be considered in relation to working memory, which should be understood in terms of storage and processing considered separately and ascribed to individual differences, and not as a homogenuous storage-and-processing space.
Źródło:
Linguistica Silesiana; 2011, 32; 275-287
0208-4228
Pojawia się w:
Linguistica Silesiana
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The interface between research on individual difference variables and teaching practice: The case of cognitive factors and personality
Autorzy:
Biedroń, Adriana
Pawlak, Mirosław
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/780933.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
individual differences
intelligence
foreign language aptitude
working memory
personality
Opis:
While a substantial body of empirical evidence has been accrued about the role of individual differences in second language acquisition, relatively little is still known about how factors of this kind can mediate the effects of instructional practices as well as how empirically-derived insights can inform foreign language pedagogy, both with respect to shaping certain variables and adjusting instruction to individual learner profiles. The present paper is an attempt to shed light on the interface between research on individual difference factors and teaching practice, focusing upon variables which do not easily lend themselves to external manipulation, namely intelligence, foreign language aptitude, working memory and personality, with the role of the last of these in language learning being admittedly the least obvious. In each case, the main research findings will briefly be outlined, their potential for informing instruction will be considered, and, in the final part, the caveats concerning practical applications of research on the variables in question will be spelled out.
Źródło:
Studies in Second Language Learning and Teaching; 2016, 6, 3; 395-422
2083-5205
2084-1965
Pojawia się w:
Studies in Second Language Learning and Teaching
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Az iskolakezdés problémaköre
The matters of school start
Autorzy:
STRÉDL, Terezia
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/456244.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Rzeszowski
Tematy:
iskolaalkalmasság
érettség
éretlenség
feltételek
scholastic aptitude
maturity
immaturity
conditions
Opis:
Hatéves korral az iskolakezdés nem mindig tudja biztosítani az iskolaalkalmasságot, mivel a gyerekek különböző érettséggel érkeznek. A tanulmány célja elemezni az alkalmatlanság okait, valamint javaslatokkal érvelni a megoldás érdekében.
At the age of 6 not every child does reach the scholastic aptitude, as they arrive to school with difference maturity of their personality. The main goal of this study is to analyze the reasons of inadequacy and to give proposals of solution.
Źródło:
Edukacja-Technika-Informatyka; 2016, 7, 1; 258-268
2080-9069
Pojawia się w:
Edukacja-Technika-Informatyka
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Zdolności językowe w świetle modularnej teorii umysłu – implikacje glottodydaktyczne
Language abilities in a modular perspective: Implications for foreign language learning and teaching
Autorzy:
Sadownik, Barbara
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1037700.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019-09-24
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu. Collegium Novum. Polskie Towarzystwo Neofilologiczne
Tematy:
Aptitude
modular theory of mind
zdolności językowe
modularna teoria umysłu
Opis:
The article is devoted to the problem of the nature and structure of the human language capacity. The author addresses the fundamental questions of the place and role language plays among other cognitive faculties, such as perception, thinking, memory, attitude, etc. She first emphasizes the multi-disciplinary character to the research programs dealing with specific and unique attributes of human cognitive system, its structure and function. Current models of the human mind happen to be typically based on diver-gent methodological, epistemological, and ontological assumptions. How useful they prove to be in the end comes with their heuristic value, which is how much inspiration they bring about theoretically as well empirically. It is modular models of the mind that the author subjects to scrutiny and claims to be the basis for further methodological discussion on human capacity for language placed in the context of mono-, bi-, and multilingualism. What makes the author opt for modular conceptions in particular is their theoret-ical relevance, originality, and convergence with latest findings in cognitive neuroscience. The latter is the reason why she takes the cognitive and the neurobiological aspects of language capacity to be complementary to each other. Any and all attempts at relating cognitive neuroscience to modularity theories are, then, said to be interesting and have practical implications. So do neurolinguistic experiments and models of the mind that stem from both neurobiological and modular considerations.
Źródło:
Neofilolog; 2011, 36; 283-299
1429-2173
Pojawia się w:
Neofilolog
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł

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