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Tytuł:
Diversity of Aphids Associated with Field and under Greenhouse Crops (Wheat, Barley and Chili Pepper) across the Dryland Climate in Algeria
Autorzy:
Bakroune, Nourelhouda
Hachemi, Ali
Ouamane, Abdelmoneim Tarek
Boultif, Meriem
Rouahna, Houria
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/24201695.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
aphid
diversity
crop
Biskra
Opis:
The aim of this study was to investigate the diversity of aphids associated with the field and under greenhouse crops in an arid climate in southeastern Algeria (Biskra province). Using yellow basins for the insects sampling, a total of 6683 specimens of aphids were collected and identified into 33 species, five (05) subfamilies: Aphidinae, Pemphiginae, Chaitophorinae, Pterocommatinae, and Greenideinae; and six tribes: Aphidini, Macrosiphin, Pemphigini, Panaphidini, Chaitophorini and Greenideini, and 22 genera. The Macrosiphini tribe is quantitatively most dominant with 20 species (61%) of the inventoried aphid population, followed by the aphidini which groups together 9 species representing 27% of the aphids inventoried. The other tribes are less represented, including one species for each tribe (12% in total). Aphis gossypii was the predominant species 29.67% of the inventoried species, followed by Rhopalosiphum maidis (15.22%) and Rhopalosiphum padi (15.07%). In terms of total wealth (S), there was a strong and positive correlation between the diversity of aphids and crops (R2 = 0.73), and also a significant relationship (df = 15, Pr > F = 0.024). Shannon’s index spatial interpolation indicates a higher diversity on agricultural lands in the study area. Shannon’s diversity and evenness index values were greater in pepper under greenhouse in Dhibia station (H′ = 2.01, E = 0.84) compared to barley and wheat, in El Haouch and Saada, respectively (H′ = 1.18, E = 0.30 and H’ = 1.45, E = 0.21).
Źródło:
Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2023, 24, 4; 99--109
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
First report of yellow sugarcane aphid Sipha flava Forbes (Homoptera: Aphididae) in Tanzania
Autorzy:
January, B.
Yusufu, A.
Urassa, F.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2082756.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
graminaceous plants
Sipha flava
sugarcane
yellow sugarcane aphid
Opis:
The yellow sugarcane aphid (YSA), Sipha flava Forbes (Homoptera: Aphididae) is an inva- sive insect pest of many graminaceous plants which include cultivated crops, like sorghum, sugarcane, rice, maize and several species within non-cultivated genera e.g. Digitaria, Pani- cum, Paspalum, and Pennisetum. A survey conducted in the Kagera region indicated an infestation by YSA in nine sugarcane varieties grown. This pest causes damage to leaves leading to yellow, purple and red discoloration. This is the first report of YSA infestation in the Tanzanian sugarcane industry. Efforts to develop control measures are still in progress.
Źródło:
Journal of Plant Protection Research; 2020, 60, 3; 320-322
1427-4345
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Plant Protection Research
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Possibility of limiting the number of black cherry aphid (Myzus cerasi F.) with basic substances for organic sweet cherry
Możliwości ograniczania liczebności mszycy czereśniowej (Myzus cerasi F.) w ekologicznej uprawie czereśni
Autorzy:
Tartanus, Małgorzata
Danelski, Witold
Rozpara, Elżbieta
Malusà, Eligio
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/334699.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Przemysłowy Instytut Maszyn Rolniczych
Tematy:
Myzus cerasi
control of aphid
organic sweet cherry growing
zwalczanie mszycy
ekologiczna uprawa czereśni
Opis:
The effectiveness of basic substances in controlling back cherry aphid (Myzus cerasi F.) was evaluated under laboratory and field conditions during the seasons 2018-2019. The following compounds were tested in the trials: a water extract from dandelion plants (Taraxacum officinale F.H. Wigg.), an extract from neem seeds (Azadirachta indica L.), a suspension made from grounded bark of cinnamon (Cinnamonum cassia L.) added with potassium soap, organic silicon in the form of diatomaceous earth or orthosilicic acid, unpasteurized whole cow milk water diluted, anise oil obtained from the ripe fruits of Pimpinella anisum (L.). The tested substances showed an efficacy rate in controlling the aphid species in the range of 0-100%, depending on the product, the dose (in case of the organic silicon) and the time elapsed after the treatment. Milk, cinnamon + potassium soap and the dandelion extract showed the best performance in terms of efficacy, with a level comparable to azadirachtin. Field trials performed with the organic silicon showed a higher efficacy when the compound was added with an essential oil.
Skuteczność podstawowych substancji do zwalczaniu mszycy czereśniowej (Myzus cerasi F.) została oceniona w warunkach laboratoryjnych i polowych w sezonach 2018-2019. W badaniach przetestowano następujące substancje: ekstrakt wodny z mniszka lekarskiego (Taraxacum officinale FH Wigg.), ekstrakt z nasion neem (Azadirachta indica L.), zawiesina wykonana ze zmielonej kory cynamonu (Cinnamonum cassia L.) z mydłem potasowym, krzem organiczny w postaci ziemi okrzemkowej lub kwasu ortokrzemowego, niepasteryzowane mleko krowie rozcieńczone wodą, olejek anyżowy uzyskany z dojrzałych owoców Pimpinella anisum (L.). Badane substancje wykazały wskaźnik skuteczności w zwalczaniu tego gatunku mszyc w zakresie od 0 do 100%, w zależności od produktu, dawki (w przypadku krzemu organicznego) i czasu, który upłynął od stosowania produktu. Mleko, cynamon + mydło potasowe i ekstrakt z mniszka lekarskiego wykazały najlepszą skuteczność przy poziomie porównywalnym do azadirachtiny. Próby polowe przeprowadzone z krzemem organicznym wykazały większą skuteczność, gdy dodano olejek eteryczny z pomarańczy.
Źródło:
Journal of Research and Applications in Agricultural Engineering; 2019, 64, 4; 7-13
1642-686X
2719-423X
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Research and Applications in Agricultural Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Response of Rhopalosiphum padi L. (Hemiptera: Aphididae) to the content of flavonoids in winter wheat treated with a biostimulant and beneficial microorganisms
Reakcja Rhopalosiphum padi L. (Aphididae, Hemiptera) na zawartość flawonoidów w pszenicy ozimej traktowanej biostymulatorem i pożytecznymi mikroorganizmami
Autorzy:
Lamparski, Robert
Balcerek, Maciej
Kotwica, Karol
Modnicki, Daniel
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2216691.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Politechnika Bydgoska im. Jana i Jędrzeja Śniadeckich. Wydawnictwo PB
Tematy:
bird cherry-oat aphid
flavonoids
insect feeding and development
pro-ecological measures
flawonoidy
mszyca czeremchowo-zbożowa
zabiegi proekologiczne
żerowanie i rozwój owadów
Opis:
Background. The bird cherry-oat aphid (Rhopalosiphum padi L.) is one of the most important pests of cereal plants. Limiting its number by using pro-ecological methods such as biostimulants does not result in environmental contamination. Material and methods. Winter wheat plants were grown under laboratory conditions and treated with the following preparations: EM Naturalnie Aktywny, which is based on beneficial microorganisms, and/or the Asahi SL biostimulant. In the BBCH 32 phase some plants were harvested and the percentage flavonoid content, calculated as quercetin, was determined, while the remaining plants were used to assess the level of feeding and development of the bird cherry-oat aphid. Results. Wheat plants treated with biostimulants containing beneficial microorganisms contained on average 0.641% dry matter flavonoids. The pre-reproductive period of bird cherry-oat aphids was 8 days. Daily aphid fecundity was slightly more than three larvae per day. The length of the reproductive period of bird cherry-oat aphids on wheat plants ranged from 8 to 9 days. After 5 days of feeding, 2 adult aphids caused on average 15% damage to the plant surface. Correlation coefficients between the flavonoid content in wheat plants and development parameters and the extent of damage caused by bird cherry-oat aphids were insignificant. Conclusion. The use of a biostimulant and beneficial microorganisms in wheat cultivation was found to be not statistically significant, but a reduction in the feeding and development of R. padi was observed.
Mszyca czeremchowo-zbożowa (Rhopalosiphum padi L.) należy do ważniejszych szkodników roślin zbożowych. Ograniczanie jej liczebności poprzez stosowanie proekologicznych metod, jak biostymulanty, nie powoduje zanieczyszczania środowiska. W laboratorium wysiewano ziarno pszenicy ozimej. Następnie w odpowiedniej fazie rozwojowej rośliny poddano aplikacji szczepionką EM Naturalnie Aktywny, opartej na pożytecznych mikroorganizmach, i/lub biostymulatorem Asahi SL. W fazie BBCH 32 część nadziemną połowy roślin ścięto i ustalono procentową zawartość flawonoidów w przeliczeniu na kwercetynę, a pozostałe posłużyły do badań oceniających poziom żerowania i rozwoju mszycy czeremchowo-zbożowej. Rośliny pszenicy traktowane szczepionką EM Naturalnie Aktywny i/lub biostymulatorem Asahi SL zawierały średnio 0,641% flawonoidów w suchej masie. Okres przedreprodukcyjny mszycy czeremchowo-zbożowej wyniósł 8 dni. Jej płodność dzienna wyniosła nieco ponad trzy larwy dziennie. Długość okresu reprodukcyjnego mszycy czeremchowo-zbożowej na roślinach pszenicy kształtowała się w przedziale od 8 do 9 dni. 2 imago mszyc przez 5 dni żerowania spowodowały 15% uszkodzeń powierzchni roślin. Współczynniki korelacji pomiędzy zawartością flawonoidów w roślinach pszenicy a parametrami rozwoju i żerowania mszycy czeremchowo-zbożowej były nieistotne. Stosowanie biostymulatora i pożytecznych mikroorganizmów w uprawie pszenicy skutkowało zauważalnym ograniczeniem żerowania i rozwoju R. padi. Nie wykazano jednak istotnego statystycznie wpływu tych preparatów na płodność, okres przedreprodukcyjny oraz reprodukcyjny mszycy.
Źródło:
Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Agricultura; 2019, 18, 2; 85-94
1644-0625
Pojawia się w:
Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Agricultura
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Changes over the last ten years in the fauna structure of aphids inhabiting the vegetation of allotment gardens in Poznan
Autorzy:
Wilkaniec, B.
Borowiak-Sobkowiak, B.
Wilkaniec, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/66828.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
garden
allotment garden
urban green area
insect
aphid
fauna
flight activity
urban greenery
Poznan city
Opis:
The vegetation of allotment gardens is an important element of urban green areas and constitutes a habitat where many groups of insects exist, including aphids. This research involved the monitoring of winged morphs of aphids in allotment gardens in the area of Poznań with the use of Moericke traps. The fauna structure of aphids in two large allotment gardens was demonstrated by comparing the activity of winged morphs of aphids in 2000–2001 and 2014–2015. The vegetation of these gardens was accompanied by the rich fauna of aphids. For four growing seasons, 113 species or groups of aphid species were captured with the traps. Major changes were reported in the structure of the collected fauna in the period of time when the research was conducted. The differences concerned particular positions of collected species in aphid communities. The abundance of Anoecia corni, Aphis sambuci, Phorodon humuli and Periphyllus testudinaceus increased, and now hold the position of subdominants of the communities, whereas Myzus persicae and Hyalopterus pruni decreased in comparison with the situation more than ten years ago. Rhopalosiphum padi still remains an eudominant in the communities. The main reason for this phenomenon is thought to be due to changes in the vegetation composition of gardens because the gardens are being used differently. The production function has changed to recreation.
Źródło:
Journal of Plant Protection Research; 2018, 58, 1
1427-4345
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Plant Protection Research
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Effect of fertilization of winter spelt wheat with micronutrients and amino acid preparations on phytophagous insects
Wpływ nawożenia mikroelementami i preparatami aminokwasowymi pszenicy ozimej orkisz na fitofagi owadzie
Autorzy:
Lamparski, Robert
Knapowski, Tomasz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2223274.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Politechnika Bydgoska im. Jana i Jędrzeja Śniadeckich. Wydawnictwo PB
Tematy:
grain aphid
cereal leaf beetles
spelt wheat
fertilization of plants
heavy metals
mszyca zbożowa
nawożenie roślin
pszenica ozima orkisz
skrzypionki zbożowe
metale ciężkie
Opis:
Background. In Poland there is a growing interest in winter spelt wheat cultivation. There are not many detailed studies on phytophagous entomofauna. Cereal leaf beetles and grain aphids are major pests of cereal crops. Material and methods. The numbers of the aphid Sitobion avenae and larvae of Oulema spp. were analyzed on the winter spelt wheat cv. ‘Rokosz’ treated with micronutrient fertilizers and amino acid preparations. The percentage of wheat leaf blade damage caused by foraging of Oulema spp. larvae was also calculated, as well as correlation coefficients between the number of insects and the magnitude of damage and the yield of wheat grain. Results. The use of microelement fertilization resulted in a smaller number of Oulema spp. larvae. Wheat on which Zn or a combination of all microelements (Cu + Zn + Mn) were applied was characterized by the lowest abundance of grain aphid as compared with the control and other combinations of micronutrient fertilization application. Oulema spp. larvae caused damage to the surface of wheat blades at the level of 10%. Conclusion. Fertilization of winter spelt wheat with micronutrients results in a smaller number of both phytophages feeding on it and damage caused by them.
Badano wpływ traktowania nawozami mikroelementowymi i preparatami aminokwasowymi pszenicy ozimej orkisz ‘Rokosz’ na ważniejsze fitofagi owadzie (skrzypionki zbożowe, mszycę zbożową). Eksperyment wykonano w RZD Minikowo w latach 2016–2017. Stosowano mikroskładniki (Cu, Zn oraz Mn) w formie soli technicznych oraz trzy preparaty handlowe (dolistne nawozy biostymulujące). Nawożenie pszenicy mikroelementami spowodowało zmniejszenie liczebności larw Oulema spp. w porównaniu z obiektem kontrolnym. Działanie odwrotne wykazano w stosunku do preparatów aminokwasowych. Pszenica, na której aplikowano Zn lub kombinację mikroelementów (Cu + Zn + Mn), zasiedlana była przez istotnie mniejszą liczbę osobników mszycy zbożowej w porównaniu z obiektem kontrolnym oraz pozostałymi kombinacjami stosowania nawożenia mikroelementami. W fazie początek kwitnienia pszenicy ozimej orkisz (BBCH 61–62) na 25 źdźbłach występowało średnio 7 larw skrzypionek zbożowych oraz 29 mszyc zbożowych. W fazie dojrzałości mlecznej (BBCH 73–75) pszenica ozima orkisz była atakowana przez bardzo nieliczne owady. W tym okresie liście pszenicy były uszkodzone przez larwy Oulema spp. od 5 do 20%. Otrzymane współczynniki korelacji pomiędzy liczebnością larw skrzypionek zbożowych, poziomem uszkodzeń powodowanych przez te fitofagi oraz liczbą mszyc zbożowych na pszenicy a plonem ziarna były nieistotne.
Źródło:
Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Agricultura; 2018, 17, 1; 47-56
1644-0625
Pojawia się w:
Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Agricultura
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Efficacy of plant leaf extracts against mustard aphid Lipaphis erysimi (Kalt.) under field condition
Autorzy:
Pal, Manish Kumar
Kafle, Kapil
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1166855.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
Tematy:
Cypermethrin
Efficacy
Lipaphis erysimi
Mustard aphid
Plant extracts and Rapeseed
Opis:
The bio-efficacy of five plant leaf extracts were tested in Morang-2 variety of Rapeseed against Mustard aphid (Lipaphis erysimi Kalt.) during November to March, 2016/17 at research field of Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science (IAAS), Lamjung Campus, Lamjung, Nepal. The plant leaf extracts were prepared by decomposing chopped leaves of Neem, Bakaino, Hattibar, Khirro, and Bojho in cow urine for one month period. Total five extracts were prepared, one by mixing all the leaf while remaining four extracts were prepared excluding one ingredient in each mixture but keeping Tobacco and Bojho in all five extracts. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Completely Block Design using five botanical extracts, chemical (Cypermethrin 10% EC) and control which were replicated thrice. The Rapeseed plant was sprayed with prepared extracts at 30 days after sowing (DAS), 45 DAS and 60 DAS and aphid number counted after 5, 10 and 15 days of each spray from 10 cm apical shoot. The greatest reduction of aphid population was found in chemical followed by complete mixture treated plots but their reduction was not statistically different. While control and plant extracts of without Neem treated plots had resulted less reduction in the number of aphid. Grain yield was also found highest (1436.75 kg/ha) in complete mixture treated plots indicating complete mixture of plant extracts might be the best alternative for aphid management in Rapeseed. It is concluded that all the plant extracts showed insecticidal properties against aphid in rapeseed crop and successfully be integrated, as a part of Integrated Pest Management.
Źródło:
World Scientific News; 2018, 105; 29-39
2392-2192
Pojawia się w:
World Scientific News
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Evaluation of systemic effects of four plant extracts compared with two systemic pesticides, acetamiprid and pirimicarb through leaf spraying against Brevicoryne brassicae L. (Hemiptera: Aphididae)
Autorzy:
Shafiei, F.
Ahmadi, K.
Asadi, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/66810.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
systemic effect
plant extract
pesticide
acetamiprid
pirimicarb
leaf
spraying
Brevicoryne brassicae
Hemiptera
Aphididae
cabbage aphid
aphid
plant pest
toxicity
Opis:
Aphids are one of the most important economic pests and vectors of viral diseases in crops. Brevicoryne brassicae L., one of the most serious aphid pests in Brassicaceae, if not controlled, often reaches very high densities. The present study compared the systemic effects of ethanolic, methanolic and aqueous Melia azedarach L., Peganum harmala L., Calendula officinalis L. and Otostegia persica Boissier extracts with two systemic pesticides, acetamiprid and pirimicarb (at the maximum label-recommended rate). Population growth percentages of B. brassicae through leaf spraying under greenhouse conditions were assessed. The chemicals were sprayed on one of the leaves in greenhouse condition. The results indicated that all the plant extracts have systemic effects at different levels. Among different extracts, O. persica ethanolic extract, P. harmala methanolic extract and M. azedarach aqueous extract resulted in a reduction of the B. brassicae population
Źródło:
Journal of Plant Protection Research; 2018, 58, 3
1427-4345
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Plant Protection Research
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Impact of mineral oils on dynamics in the aphids presence and virus infection of tulips 'Leen van der Mark' cv. in the field cultivation
Autorzy:
Karczmarz, K.
Marcinek, B.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/11895022.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Przyrodniczy w Lublinie. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Przyrodniczego w Lublinie
Tematy:
plant cultivation
field cultivation
tulip
Leen van der Mark cultivar
flowering plant
ornamental plant
bulbous plant
leaf greenness index
aphid
aphid occurrence
pest control
plant disease
viral infection
mineral oil
Sunspray 850 EC preparation
Sunspray Ultra-Fine preparation
adjuvant
phytotoxicity
Opis:
The research material consisted of tulip plants of ‘Leen van der Mark’ cv. The effect of two preparations was evaluated: Sunspray 850 EC and Sunspray Ultra-Fine, in which the active substance is refined paraffinbased mineral oil. Preparations were applied at three concentrations: 1, 1.5, and 2%. Research plots were sprayed three times every 7 days. The first treatment was performed at the turn of the second and third decade of April. Starting from the beginning of May, observations of plant colonization by aphids were conducted every 14 days. The observations were terminated at the end of June. It was found that spraying using mineral oils Sunspray 850 EC and Sunspray Ultra-Fine of tulip ‘Leen van der Mark’ significantly affect the degree of virus infection and infection due to disease-causing pathogens in relation to the untreated plants. Plants sprayed with mineral oil at the lowest concentration (1%) were in better health condition and were less attractive to aphids. Increasing the concentration of oil and the number of treatments intensified the phytotoxic reaction of tulips manifested as chlorosis with varying intensity. They were not, however, apparent effect on plant growth and development. The chlorophyll content (expressed as greenness index) in the tulip leaves treated with mineral oil was lower as compared to untreated leaves, when plants were sprayed three times using Sunspray Ultra-Fine oil at a concentration of 2%.
Źródło:
Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Hortorum Cultus; 2018, 17, 2; 11-25
1644-0692
Pojawia się w:
Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Hortorum Cultus
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Resistance risk assessment: realized heritability, cross resistance and resistance stability of acetamiprid in the cotton aphid, Aphis gossypii Glover (Homoptera: Aphididae)
Autorzy:
Mokbel, E.M.S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/65165.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
resistance risk
assessment
heritability
resistance stability
acetamiprid
cotton aphid
Aphis gossypii
Homoptera
Aphididae
Opis:
The cotton aphid, Aphis gossypii is an economically significant insect pest infesting various important crops and vegetables. The neonicotinoid, acetamiprid was recommended against aphids with excellent results. Resistance emergence and environmental pollution makes acetamiprid a favorable alternative to conventional insecticides. The aims of the present work were to predict acetamiprid resistance risk in A. gossypii, investigate cross resistance to other tested insecticides and explore acetamiprid stability in the absence of selection. A field-collected population from Sharqia governorate, Egypt was selected with acetamiprid. After 16 generations of selection, there was a 22.55-fold increase in LC50 and the realized heritability (h2) of resistance was 0.17. Projected rates of resistance indicated that, ifh2 = 0.17 and 50% of the population was killed at each generation, then a tenfold increase in LC50 would be expected in 12.2 generations. If h2 was 0.27 then 7.63 generations would be needed to achieve the same level. In contrast, with h2 of 0.07 it necessitates about 30 generations of selection to reach the same level. Cross resistance studies exhibited that the selected strain showed obvious cross resistance to the other tested neonicotinoid members, moderate cross resistance to alpha-cypermethrin and no cross resistance to pymetrozine. Fortunately, resistance to acetamiprid in the cotton aphid was unstable and resistance reverses the nearby susceptible strain throughout five generations without exposure to acetamiprid. Our results exhibited cotton aphid potential to develop resistance to acetamiprid under continuous selection pressure. The instability of acetamiprid makes A. gossypii amenable to resistance management tactics such as rotation with pymetrozine.
Źródło:
Journal of Plant Protection Research; 2018, 58, 4
1427-4345
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Plant Protection Research
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
An evaluation of the effect of botanical insecticide, palizin in comparison with chemical insecticide, imidacloprid on the black citrus aphid, Toxoptera aurantii Boyer de Fonscolombe and its natural enemy, Aphidius colemani Viereck
Autorzy:
Gholamzadeh-Chitgar, M.
Pourmoradi, S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/66709.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
insecticide
palizin
chemical insecticide
imidacloprid
black citrus aphid
aphid
Toxoptera aurantii
Hemiptera
Aphididae
pest
citrus
plant leaf
natural enemy
Aphidius colemani
Opis:
The black citrus aphid, Toxoptera aurantii Boyer de Fonscolombe (Hemiptera: Aphididae), an important pest of citrus species, feeds by sucking sap from plant leaves. It causes some leaf distortion and malformation of growing leaves and shoot tips. In this study, the eff ects of the botanical insecticide, palizin on T. aurantii and its parasitoid, Aphidius colemani Viereck (Hymenoptera: Brachonidae) were compared with the chemical insecticide, imidacloprid. Th e compounds were evaluated at maximum recommended fi eld concentrations: palizin 2,000 ppm, imidacloprid 500 ppm, water (as control) on adult aphids. Spraying was done with a 100-l engine Honda sprayer (GX120T1, 160T1, 200T) until run-off . Th e number of dead aphids was recorded 24, 48 and 72 hours aft er treatment. According to the results, statistically signifi cant diff erences were found between treatments (p ≤ 0.05). Twenty-four hours aft er treatment, imidacloprid was more eff ective than palizin in reducing the T. aurantii population. Palizin showed high effi ciency (95% mortality) 72 hours aft er treatment. However, at that time, there was no statistically signifi cant diff erence between the mean mortality percentages of imidacloprid and palizin. This shows that botanical insecticide, palizin can eff ectively control T. aurantii. Also, palizin caused low mortality (10.86%) on A. colemani while imidacloprid was more toxic (31.1% mortality). The results of the present study indicated that palizin can be used instead of chemical insecticide, imidacloprid in control programs of T. aurantii.
Źródło:
Journal of Plant Protection Research; 2017, 57, 2
1427-4345
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Plant Protection Research
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Effect of Water Extract from Chamomile on Black Bean Aphid and Colorado Potato Beetle
Autorzy:
Biniaś, B.
Gospodarek, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/124438.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
biological control
Matricaria chamomilla L.
chamomile
Aphis fabae Scop.
black bean aphid
Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say.
Colorado potato beetle
plant extracts
Opis:
The aim of the study was to determine the effect of aqueous extracts of dried chamomille (Matricaria chamomilla L.), in concentrations of 2%, 5% and 10%, and fresh parts of this plant, in concentrations of 10%, 20% and 30% on survival of black bean aphid (Aphis fabae Scop.) on the leaves of broad bean (Vicia faba L.) variety “Bartek” and on feeding of Colorado potato beetle (Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say.) on the leaves of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) variety “Bellarosa”. In these researches on impact of water extracts from chamomille on mortality of wingless females and larvae of black bean aphid, 15 laboratory’s observations in the 8-hour intervals was made. In the studies of the effects of aqueous extracts of chamomille on the dynamics of Leptinotarsa decemlineata feeding on the potato leaves, 4 laboratory’s observations in 12-hour intervals was made. Observations were carried out in 6 replicates divided into L2 and L4 larvae stages. Aquatic extracts of chamomile limited the survival of black bean aphid larvae and wingless females – the higher the concentration, the stronger the effects of the extract, where young insects were found to be more susceptible. Extracts of the dried plant whose concentration was below 5% and extracts of the fresh plant whose concentration was below 20% were found to be ineffective against black bean aphids. In all the analysed concentrations the aquatic extracts of chamomile were found to be ineffective against L2 and L4 larvae of Colorado potato beetle.
Źródło:
Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2017, 18, 3; 118-124
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Interactions between the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana and the Neotropical predator Eriopis connexa (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae): Implications in biological control of pest
Autorzy:
Scorsetti, A.C.
Pelizza, S.
Fogel, M.N.
Vianna, F.
Schneider, M.I.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/65580.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
interaction
entomopathogenic fungi
Beauveria bassiana
pathogen-predator interaction
Eriopis connexa
Coleoptera
Coccinellidae
biological control
pest
aphid
Hemiptera
Aphididae
Opis:
Aphids (Hemiptera: Aphididae) are serious pests of crops causing direct damage by feeding and indirect by the transmission of plant viruses. The use of conventional insecticides for controlling aphids has caused different problems and insecticide resistance. Accordingly, there is more interest in alternative control methods such as biological control by natural enemies for sustainable agricultural management. Among biological control agents, entomopathogenic fungi are one of the most significant microbial pathogens of insects. Also, Coccinellidae, as a major group, is a serious natural enemy. Both larval and adult stages of Coccinellidae feed on different soft-body pests, such as aphids. Eriopis connexa (Germar) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) is a common species in agroecosystems of the Neotropical region where it is considered to be a potential control agent. Pathogens and arthropod natural enemies may contribute to the control of phytophagous pests; however, it is important to assess potential interactions within biological control agents that share hosts (intraguild interaction) to evaluate their combined use for pest control. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the compatibility and interaction (lethal and sublethal effects) between E. connexa and the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana (Bals.-Criv.) Vuill. (Ascomycota: Hypocreales). Both are important biological control agents of aphids. The pathogenicity of B. bassiana against larvae, pupae and adults of the predator E. connexa was evaluated, and results showed, that B. bassiana infected the coleopteran. On the other hand, interaction between B. bassiana and the predator was evaluated through infected-prey. The effects of fungus on larvae survival were significantly different when we analyzed the accumulated survival (from first larval instar to adulthood). The daily fecundity was significantly reduced at five days compared to control group. By contrast, no significant differences were observed between the five oviposition days in the rate of hatched eggs. This study shows that despite having received a single dose of the fungus in its life cycle, the population parameters of the predator E. connexa are affected. More studies would be necessary to help identify interactions between microbes and natural enemies to increase and enhance opportunities and further develop biological pest control programs.
Źródło:
Journal of Plant Protection Research; 2017, 57, 4
1427-4345
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Plant Protection Research
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Role of metabolic enzymes in resistance to chlorpyrifos-methyl in the cowpea aphid, Aphis craccivora (Koch)
Autorzy:
Mokbel, E.M.S.
Swelam, E.S.H.
Radwan, E.M.M.
Kandil, M.A.-E.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/66464.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
metabolic enzyme
resistance
chlorpyrifos-methyl insecticide
insecticide
cowpea aphid
aphid
Aphis craccivora
Opis:
The cowpea aphid, Aphis craccivora management relies mainly on chemical control. As a result extensive and repeated treatment of insecticides has led to the development of aphid resistance to commonly used insecticides. To investigate chlorpyrifos-methyl resistance in A. craccivora, a field strain was selected for 24-generations to achieve a resistance factor of 82.3 fold compared with a susceptible strain. In the resistant strain, malathion and lambda-cyhalothrin exhibited obvious cross-resistance; while fenvalerate and dinotefuran showed moderate cross-resistance. In contrast, slight or no cross-resistance was obtained with the other tested insecticides. To investigate metabolic resistance mechanisms, integration of biochemical and synergism assays was conducted. Results showed the key role of esterase (EST) and mixed function oxidases (MFO); however, glutathione-s-transferase (GST) contributed less to resistance. Cross-resistance studies showed the need for rotation with non-cross resistant insecticides as a resistance management tactic.
Źródło:
Journal of Plant Protection Research; 2017, 57, 3
1427-4345
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Plant Protection Research
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The accumulation of SA- and JA-signaling pathways in the response of Glycine max cv. “Nam Dan” to infestation by Aphis craccivora
Autorzy:
Tran, N.T.
Tran, T.T.H.
Do, N.D.
Mai, V.C.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/66714.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
phytohormone
signal molecule
physiological process
plant
environmental stress
aphid
plant protection
Glycine max
infestation
Aphis craccivora
cowpea aphid
black legume aphid zob.cowpea aphid
true bug
defense response
jasmonic acid
salicylic acid
Opis:
Phytohormones function as signal molecules that regulate physiological processes to protect plants from environmental stresses, including aphids’ attack. We studied the pattern within the defense mechanisms of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr. cv. “Nam Dan”] regarding the signaling pathways of salicylic acid (SA), and jasmonic acid (JA) in response to cowpea aphid (Aphis craccivora Koch). With infestation by cowpea aphid, SA was the first to accumulate and reached high levels 24 hours post-infestation (hpi). An accumulation of SA in the early response of soybean probably triggers inducible specific defense reactions. Following SA, JA was later induced and continuously increased to high levels 96 hpi. An accumulation of JA in the later response may be a critical step in the signaling of the downstream defense cascade. In addition, phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL, EC 4.3.1.24) and benzoic acid 2-hydroylase (BA2H), enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of SA, and lipoxygenase (LOX, EC 1.13.11.12), an important enzyme in the JA biosynthesis pathway, were also induced by cowpea aphid. The changes in the enzymatic activity of PAL, BA2H and LOX, and expression of gene encoding PAL were closely associated with the accumulation of endogenous SA and JA, respectively. The variations in the levels of these defense-related compounds were strongly connected with density and the duration of cowpea aphid infestation. Different accumulations of SA- and JA-signaling pathways may contribute to a coordinated regulation leading to the formation of resistant lines in the defense mechanisms of G. max cv. “Nam Dan” against A. craccivora.
Źródło:
Journal of Plant Protection Research; 2017, 57, 4
1427-4345
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Plant Protection Research
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 77

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