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Tytuł:
Searching for an Efficient System of Equations Defining the AES Sbox for the QUBO Problem
Autorzy:
Burek, Elżbieta
Mańk, Krzysztof
Wroński, Michał
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/27312952.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Instytut Łączności - Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Tematy:
AES Sbox
cryptanalysis
minimal equation system for Sbox
quantum annealing
QUBO
Opis:
The time complexity of solving the QUBO problem depends mainly on the number of logical variables in the problem. This paper focuses mainly on finding a system of equations that uniquely defines the Sbox of the AES cipher and simultaneously allows us to obtain the smallest known optimization problem in the QUBO form for the algebraic attack on the AES cipher. A novel method of searching for an efficient system of equations using linear-feedback shift registers has been presented in order to perform that task efficiently. Transformation of the AES cipher to the QUBO problem, using the identified efficient system, is presented in this paper as well. This method allows us to reduce the target QUBO problem for AES- 128 by almost 500 logical variables, compared to our previous results, and allows us to perform the algebraic attack using quantum annealing four times faster.
Źródło:
Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology; 2023, 4; 30--37
1509-4553
1899-8852
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Case Study of Composite Chassis Manufacturing Process Using Low Temperature Molds Tempered with Gradual Heat Annealing Process
Autorzy:
Rządkowski, Witold
Klik, Przemysław
Tracz, Jan
Kowalik, Michał
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2201751.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Stowarzyszenie Inżynierów i Techników Mechaników Polskich
Tematy:
monocoque
manufacturing
out-of-autoclave
manufacturing process
gradual heat annealing
Opis:
This case study describes a manufacturing process of composite chassis also known as monocoque. The structure is made using carbon fibre reinforced polymers (CFRP) which are manufactured in out-of-autoclave (OOA) process from pre-impregnated carbon fabrics and aluminium alloy honeycomb core. Since the material cost is high the aim of the project was to reduce the cost of manufacturing process i.e. cost of models and moulds. Therefore, instead of high-temp models and moulds a cheaper alternative was used. It consisted of Styrofoam models made using polyurethane (PU) paste and moulds made from CFRP using wet layup process which were cured at room temperature. Such moulds had to be adapted to withstand high temperatures during pre-preg cure. This was done with gradual heat annealing process which increased the maximum service temperature from 45C to 90C. This was enough for the low-temp cure of pre-preg material, but it might be possible to increase the temperature even further. As a result, the cost of manufacturing process had been reduced by 50%.
Źródło:
Advances in Science and Technology. Research Journal; 2022, 16, 3; 12--21
2299-8624
Pojawia się w:
Advances in Science and Technology. Research Journal
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Influence of Annealing Treatment on Deep Drawing Behavior of Q235 Carbon Steel /410/304 Stainless Steels Three-Layer Composite Plate
Autorzy:
Lv, Zehua
Zhang, Zhixiong
Han, Jianchao
Wang, Tao
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2106574.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
composite plate
deep drawing
annealing
microstructure
Opis:
Effect of annealing treatment on deep drawing behavior of hot-rolled Q235 carbon steel/410/304 stainless steel three-layer composite plate was investigated. Deep drawability of the unannealed composite plates exhibits a sharp difference for various contact surfaces with the die. The limit drawing ratio (LDR) of the composite plate with the carbon steel contacting the die is 1.75, while it is 1.83 with the stainless steel contacting the die due to the different mechanical responses to the tensile stress at the corner of the die. After annealing at 900°C for 2 h, however, the deep drawabilities of the composite plates both for various contact surfaces with the die are significantly improved and becomes almost identical, which are attributed to the stress relief, the enhanced ductility and the improved interface bonding strength of the hot-rolled component plates during annealing.
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2022, 67, 2; 421--433
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Long-term Annealing of NiCrAlY LENS Coating on 316L Steel
Autorzy:
Szymański, Krzysztof K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2203942.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
NiCrAlY
LENS
Laser Engineered Net Shaping
additive manufacturing
long-term annealing
microstructural stability
produkcja dodatkowa
długotrwałe wyżarzanie
stabilność mikrostrukturalna
Opis:
This article presents the results of a research on the behavior of NiCrAlY coating obtained by the LENS method on austenitic stainless steel type 316L under long-term annealing conditions at 1000°C for 25, 100 and 250 hours. The morphology of the NiCrAlY layer as a function of annealing time and temperature was characterized. The chemical composition and distribution of alloying elements were evaluated using scanning microscopy and micro-area chemical composition analysis. It was revealed that NiCrAlY coatings deposited by LENS method are characterized by good metallurgical quality. The long-term annealing of the NiCrAlY coating led to microstructural changes in the form of the disappearance of the original dendritic structure and the formation of a solid solution of nickel with chromium and a small amount of aluminum, as well as chromium α-Cr precipitates and Ni-Y-type phases. The effect of increasing iron concentration in the coating due to diffusion-to-core processes was also found.
Źródło:
Archives of Foundry Engineering; 2022, 22, 4; 116--120
1897-3310
2299-2944
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Foundry Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Microstructural Studies of Ag/TiO2 Thin Film; Effect of Annealing Temperature
Autorzy:
Kamrosni, Abdul Razak
Dewi Suryani, Che Halin
Azliza, Azani
Mohd Mustafa Al Bakri, Abdullah
Mohd Arif Anuar, Mohd Salleh
Norsuria, Mahmed
Chobpattana, Varistha
Kaczmarek, L.
Jeż, Bartłomiej
Nabiałek, Marcin
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2048839.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
Ag/TiO2
annealing temperature
microstructure
optical properties
thin film
Opis:
Microstructures are an important link between materials processing and performance, and microstructure control is essential for any materials processing route where the microstructure plays a major role in determining the properties. In this work, silverdoped titanium dioxide (Ag/TiO2) thin film was prepared by the sol-gel method through the hydrolysis of titanium tetra-isopropoxide and silver nitrate solution. The sol was spin coated on ITO glass substrate to get uniform film followed by annealing process for 2 hours. The obtained films were annealed at different annealing temperatures in the range of 300°C-600°C in order to observe the effect on crystalline state, microstructures and optical properties of Ag/TiO2 thin film. The thin films were characterized by X-Ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and UV-Vis spectrophotometry. It is clearly seen, when the annealing temperature increases to 500°C, a peak at 2θ = 25.30° can be seen which refers to the structure of TiO2 tetragonal anatase. The structure of Ag/TiO2 thin film become denser, linked together, porous and uniformly distributed on the surface and displays the highest cut-off wavelength value which is 396 nm with the lowest band gap value, which is 3.10 eV.
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2022, 67, 1; 241-245
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Formation, Properties and Use of Dispersed Iron-Graphite Metallurgical Waste
Autorzy:
Dan, Leonid
Maslov, Vladimir
Trofimova, Larysa
Cios, Grzegorz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2172384.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Akademia Górniczo-Hutnicza im. Stanisława Staszica w Krakowie. Wydawnictwo AGH
Tematy:
dispersed iron-graphite waste
graphite
iron oxides
specific saturation magnetization
magnetizing annealing
carbothermal self-reduction
magnetic graphite
Opis:
Dispersed wastes containing graphite, iron, and its oxides, getting into the air and accumulating in landfills, cause serious harm to human health and the environment. Moreover, even if the issue of the localization of these wastes has been solved successfully, their disposal has not yet been fully organized. In the present study, a systematic analysis of the dispersed iron-graphite waste (IGW) conditions for the formation at metallurgical enterprises, their structure, and their properties were carried out. In this case, special attention is focused on the electrophysical properties: specific saturation magnetization and volume resistivity. The presence of magnetic properties in IGW, combined with low electrical resistivity, makes IGW a promising and inexpensive raw material for obtaining cheap composite materials with radio shielding and radio absorbing properties in the microwave range. As a result of the research, effective ways of improving the magnetic properties of IGW by high-temperature treatment were obtained. The practical result of the research was the development and implementation of a technological scheme of dispersed IGW complex processing, which makes it possible to solve a twofold task – to exclude the ingress of iron-graphite wastes into the environment and to obtain a cheap material for protection against microwave radiation.
Źródło:
Journal of Casting & Materials Engineering; 2022, 6, 4; 81--92
2543-9901
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Casting & Materials Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
An enhanced krill herd optimization technique used for classification problem
Autorzy:
Al-Mashhadani, Firas N.
Alsaffar, Qusay S.
Al-Jadir, Ibrahim A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/35535690.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Szkoła Główna Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie. Wydawnictwo Szkoły Głównej Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie
Tematy:
optimization
simulated annealing
standard krill herd
Opis:
In this paper, this method is intended to improve the optimization of the classification problem in machine learning. The EKH as a global search optimization method, it allocates the best representation of the solution (krill individual) whereas it uses the simulated annealing (SA) to modify the generated krill individuals (each individual represents a set of bits). The test results showed that the KH outperformed other methods using the external and internal evaluation measures.
Źródło:
Scientific Review Engineering and Environmental Sciences; 2021, 30, 2; 354-364
1732-9353
Pojawia się w:
Scientific Review Engineering and Environmental Sciences
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Assessment of the properties of HAp micropowders after ion exchange process in silver nitrate solution
Autorzy:
Głuszek, Marta
Świrska, Zuzanna
Kaczorowski, Witold
Januszewicz, Bartłomiej
Wrotniak, Maciej
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2058388.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Akademia Górniczo-Hutnicza im. Stanisława Staszica w Krakowie. Polskie Towarzystwo Biominerałów
Tematy:
hydroxyapatite
ion exchange
silver nitrate (V)
annealing
XRD
Raman spectroscopy
hydroksyapatyt
wymiana jonowa
spektroskopia
Opis:
Bioceramic materials, such as hydroxyapatite (HAp), are characterized by high biocompatibility in the presence of tissues and body fluids without causing toxic or allergic reactions. Hydroxyapatite, due to its similarity to structures found in bones, is used both in the form of powders, e.g. as additives to bone cements, and implants coatings. However, this material is not characterized by antimicrobial properties, therefore attempts are made to improve its properties by introducing additional elements into the hydroxyapatite structure. Thanks to HAp’s high ion-exchange ability, silver can be introduced into its structure. The calcium ions present in the HAp structure can be easily replaced by silver ions to create a material endowed with high biocompatibility and antibacterial properties. The presented study is based on the analysis of the morphology of the modified powders via scanning electron microscopy (SEM), their chemical composition via X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and chemical structure via X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Raman spectroscopy. The powders obtained through the ion exchange were mixtures of silver phosphates Ag3PO4 and HAp. The highest silver content was found in the sample modified with a 1M concentration of AgNO3 in the aqueous solution. It was also determined that the annealing of the obtained powders under vacuum at 800°C resulted in the formation of metallic silver and a change in the structure of HAp to β-TCP.
Źródło:
Engineering of Biomaterials; 2021, 24, 161; 15--20
1429-7248
Pojawia się w:
Engineering of Biomaterials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Change In Microstructure and Mechanical Properties Of Four-Layer Stack ARB Processed Complex Aluminum Sheet with Annealing
Autorzy:
Jo, Sang-Hyeon
Lee, Seong-Hee
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2049296.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
accumulative roll bonding
heterogeneous microstructure
aluminum alloy
electron back scatter diffraction
annealing
Opis:
The four-layer stack accumulative roll bonding (ARB) process using AA1050, AA5052 and AA6061 alloy sheets is performed up to 2 cycles without a lubricant at room temperature. The sample fabricated by the ARB is a multi-layer complex aluminum alloy sheet in which the AA1050, AA5052 and AA6061 alloys are alternately stacked to each other. The changes of microstructure and mechanical properties with annealing for the-ARBed aluminum sheet are investigated in detail. The as-ARBed sheet shows an ultrafine grained structure, however the grain diameter is some different depending on the kind of aluminum alloys. The complex aluminum alloy still shows ultrafine structure up to annealing temperature of 250℃, but above 275℃ it exhibits a heterogeneous structure containing both the ultrafine grains and the coarse grains due to an occurrence of discontinuous recrystallization. This change in microstructure with annealing also has an effect on the change of the mechanical properties of the sample. Especially, the specimen annealed at 300℃ represents abnormal values for the strength coefficient K and work hardening exponent n value.
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2021, 66, 3; 765-770
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Dynamic location models of mobile sensors for travel time estimation on a freeway
Autorzy:
Sun, Weiwei
Shen, Liang
Shao, Hu
Liu, Pengjie
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1838205.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Zielonogórski. Oficyna Wydawnicza
Tematy:
traffic mobile sensor
dynamic location model
travel time estimation
simulated annealing algorithm
data fusion
czujnik ruchu
model lokalizacji
szacowanie czasu podrózy
fuzja danych
Opis:
Travel time estimation for freeways has attracted much attention from researchers and traffic management departments. Because of various uncertain factors, travel time on a freeway is stochastic. To obtain travel time estimates for a freeway accurately, this paper proposes two traffic sensor location models that consider minimizing the error of travel time estimation and maximizing the collected traffic flow. First, a dynamic optimal location model of the mobile sensor is proposed under the assumption that there are no traffic sensors on a freeway. Next, a dynamic optimal combinatorial model of adding mobile sensors taking account of fixed sensors on a freeway is presented. It should be pointed out that the technology of data fusion will be adopted to tackle the collected data from multiple sensors in the second optimization model. Then, a simulated annealing algorithm is established to find the solutions of the proposed two optimization models. Numerical examples demonstrate that dynamic optimization of mobile sensor locations for the estimation of travel times on a freeway is more accurate than the conventional location model.
Źródło:
International Journal of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science; 2021, 31, 2; 271--287
1641-876X
2083-8492
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Analysis of the Possibilities of Using Forging Heat in Isothermal Annealing Processes for AISI 4140 Alloy
Autorzy:
Zwierzchowski, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/352575.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
AISI 4140 steel
isothermal annealing
forging
thermal treatment
Opis:
Production processes of hot forging most often look similar [1-3]. Forging in several operations, usually in three or four. Most often the first operation is upsetting or flattening (sometimes rolling). The last operation is finishing forging. This applies to the production of steel forgings for the automotive, agricultural and other similar industries. Typical production proceeds as follows: the forgings are cleaned (shot-blasted) and then heat treatment is performed. It can be normalization, hardening and tempering, etc. After the heat treatment, forgings are checked and subjected to strength and microscopic tests, hardness tests, impact tests. The type of tests depends on the recipient. The process described in the work takes place in three operations. The heat treatment used so far is hardening and tempering. An attempt was made to change the heat treatment technology for a selected product made of 42CrMo4 steel (1.7225) (4140). An isothermal annealing test was carried out at different temperatures and for different times. The possibility of using heat from the forging process in heat treatment processes for the described product has been confirmed.
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2020, 65, 2; 951-958
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Approximating curve by a single segment of B-Spline or Bézier curve directly in CAD environment
Autorzy:
Sobolak, Mariusz
Połowniak, Piotr
Marciniec, Adam
Jagiełowicz, Patrycja Ewa
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/176192.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
Bézier curve
curve approximation
design of experiment
algorithms of simulated annealing
Opis:
The paper presents the method of approximating curves with a single segment of the B-Spline and Bézier curves. The method for determining a single curve segment using the optimization methods in the CATIA environment is shown. The algorithms of simulated annealing and design of experiment are used for optimization. For the same purpose, a new original procedure for determining the distance between the given curves using explicit parameters in the CATIA environment was also used. This approximation of the cyclic curves results in the curve oscillation as shown in the examples. The results show that the approximation method with Bézier curve using control points as “free” points can be applied to obtain the best results of approximation.
Źródło:
Advances in Manufacturing Science and Technology; 2020, 44, 3; 84-92
0137-4478
Pojawia się w:
Advances in Manufacturing Science and Technology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Influence of geometry and annealing temperature in argon atmosphere of TiO2 nanotubes on their electrochemical properties
Autorzy:
Nycz, Marta
Paradowska, Ewa
Arkusz, Katarzyna
Pijanowska, Dorota Genowefa
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/307103.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
dwutlenek tytanu
TiO2
modyfikacja termiczna
wyżarzanie
titanium dioxide (TiO2)
titanium nanotubes
thermal modification
annealing
Opis:
In this paper, electrochemical properties of the as-formed and thermally treated titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanotubes with diameter in the range of 20–100 nm and height in the range of 100–1000 nm were presented. In addition, the effects of annealing temperature (450–550 °C) on the electrochemical characteristics of these structures, as well as the influence of diameter and height of TiO2 nanotubes on these properties were examined. The results were referred to a compact TiO2 layer (100 nm thick). Methods: The electrochemical test included open circuit potential, impedance spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry measurements. The scanning electron microscope with energy dispersive spectroscopy analyser, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and x-ray diffraction analysers were used for surface morphology characterisation as well as elemental, phase and chemical composition of TiO2 layers. Results: It was found that nanotubes with the diameter of 50 and 75 nm (height of 1000 nm) annealed at 550 °C exhibit the lowest impedance and phase angle values. However, the voltammetric detection of potassium ferricyanide indicated that the closest to 1 Ipc /Ipa ratio were shown by nanotubes with a diameter of 50 and 75 nm annealed at 450 °C. Conclusions: On the basis of performed analysis, it can be stated that the TiO2 layer with nanotubes of 50 nm in diameter and of 1000 nm in height, annealed in 450 °C may be indicated as the ones having the most favourable sensing and biosensing properties.
Źródło:
Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics; 2020, 22, 1; 165-177
1509-409X
2450-6303
Pojawia się w:
Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Optimal vehicle route schedules in picking up and delivering cargo containers considering time windows in logistics distribution networks: A case study
Autorzy:
Le, Thi Diem Chau
Nguyen, Duy Duc
Oláh, Judit
Pakurár, Miklós
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1839502.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Stowarzyszenie Menedżerów Jakości i Produkcji
Tematy:
vehicle routing problem
logistics distribution network
time window
guided local search
tabu search
simulated annealing
problem trasowania pojazdów
sieć dystrybucji
okno czasowe
wyszukiwanie lokalne
symulowane wyżarzanie
Opis:
This study describes a pickup and delivery vehicle routing problem, considering time windows in reality. The problem of tractor truck routes is formulated by a mixed integer programming model. Besides this, three algorithms - a guided local search, a tabu search, and simulated annealing - are proposed as solutions. The aims of our study are to optimize the number of internal tractor trucks used, and create optimal routes in order to minimize total logistics costs, including the fixed and variable costs of an internal vehicle group and the renting cost of external vehicles. Besides, our study also evaluates both the quality of solutions and the time to find optimal solutions to select the best suitable algorithm for the real problem mentioned above. A novel mathematical model is formulated by OR tools for Python. Compared to the current solution, our results reduced total costs by 18%, increased the proportion of orders completed by internal vehicles (84%), and the proportion of orders delivered on time (100%). Our study provides a mathematical model with time constraints and large job volumes for a complex distribution network in reality. The proposed mathematical model provides effective solutions for making decisions at logistics companies. Furthermore, our study emphasizes that simulated annealing is a more suitable algorithm than the two others for this vehicle routing problem.
Źródło:
Production Engineering Archives; 2020, 26, 4; 174-184
2353-5156
2353-7779
Pojawia się w:
Production Engineering Archives
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The effect of repeated heating on corrosion resistance, hardness and microstructure of a Co-Cr-W prosthetic alloy
Autorzy:
Rzepkowska, M.
Burnat, B.
Pietnicki, K.
Skrzypek, S.
Klimek, L.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/368058.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Stowarzyszenie Komputerowej Nauki o Materiałach i Inżynierii Powierzchni w Gliwicach
Tematy:
mechanical properties
corrosion
prosthetic alloys
structure
high temperature annealing
właściwości mechaniczne
korozja
stopy protetyczne
struktura
wygrzewanie wysokotemperaturowe
Opis:
Purpose: of this article is to present the results of tests carried out on the impact of repeated heating on the corrosion resistance of a Co-Cr-W prosthetic alloy. Design/methodology/approach: The study used samples prepared in a manner analogous to the production of a dental prosthesis. The effect of three and six-time heating of the material on its properties such as corrosion resistance, microstructure and material hardness were carried out. Findings: Repeated heating of the chromium-cobalt alloy has no significant effect on the polarization resistance and the potentiodynamic characteristics of the material. The introduction of heating in alloy treatment results in an increase in the hardness of the material, however, the number of annealing cycles does not affect this feature significantly. Samples subjected to different amounts of thermal treatments have different microstructure; it should be assumed that this will change the mechanical properties. Research limitations/implications: Microstructure tests carried out after electrochemical corrosion tests showed changes in the microstructure of samples subjected to subsequent annealing. The tests of material hardness and corrosion did not show any significant differences that may result from differences in structure, therefore further tests characterizing the physical properties of the material will be carried out. Originality/value: The article is a description of preliminary research on the impact of multiple annealing used in dental prosthetics on the properties of metallic material. Further work will be carried out to identify the properties that may be affected by the indicated changes in microstructure.
Źródło:
Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering; 2020, 99, 2; 64-71
1734-8412
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
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