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Tytuł:
Input signal conditioning circuits for precision SAR analog to digital converters
Autorzy:
Barwinek, W.
Kampik, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/114260.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Stowarzyszenie Inżynierów i Techników Mechaników Polskich
Tematy:
SAR analog to digital converter
signal conditioning
amplifier
Opis:
The paper presents a review of the known signal conditioning circuits that may be used as a front-end of precision high-resolution successive-approximation register (SAR) analog to digital converters (ADC). The review was created while searching for the optimal signal conditioning circuit to be used with a high-resolution SAR ADC applied in a precise sampler for voltage, power, energy and impedance metrology applications.
Źródło:
Measurement Automation Monitoring; 2016, 62, 4; 129-131
2450-2855
Pojawia się w:
Measurement Automation Monitoring
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Highlighting Problems Occurring in Analysis of Critical Sampling of Cosinusoidal Signal
Autorzy:
Borys, A.
Korohoda, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1841594.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Morski w Gdyni. Wydział Nawigacyjny
Tematy:
cosinusoidal signal
signal processing
signal spectrum
critical samplinga
analog signal
Opis:
When the sampling of an analog signal uses the sampling rate equal to exactly twice the value of a maximal frequency occurring in the signal spectrum, it is called a critical one. As known from the literature, this kind of sampling can be ambiguous in the sense that the reconstructed signal from the samples obtained by criti-cal sampling is not unique. For example, such is the case of sampling of a cosinusoidal signal of any phase. In this paper, we explain in very detail the reasons of this behavior. Furthermore, it is also shown here that manipulating values of the coefficients of the transfer function of an ideal rectangular reconstruction filter at the transition edges from its zero to non-zero values, and vice versa, does not eliminate the ambiguity mentioned above.
Źródło:
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation; 2020, 14, 3; 729-736
2083-6473
2083-6481
Pojawia się w:
TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
DAC testing using modulated signals
Autorzy:
Fexa, P.
Verdal, J.
Svatoš, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/220431.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
digital-to-analog converter
ENOB
Signal-to-noise and distortion - SINAD
FFT analysis
Crest Factor (CF)
Opis:
This document analyses qualities of methods used for testing dynamical parameters of Digital-to-Analog Converters (DAC) using a multi-frequency signal. As the source for these signals, Amplitude Modulated (AM) and Frequency Modulated (FM) signals are used. These signals are often used in radio engineering. Results of the tests, like Effective Number of Bits (ENOB), Signal-to-Noise and Distortion (SINAD), are evaluated in the frequency domain and they are compared with standard results of Sine Wave FFT test methods. The aim of this research is firstly to test whether it is possible to test a DAC using modulated signals, secondly to reduce testing time, while estimating band performance of DAC.
Źródło:
Metrology and Measurement Systems; 2011, 18, 2; 283-293
0860-8229
Pojawia się w:
Metrology and Measurement Systems
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Application of the FPAA to Sample Input Signal for Laboratory Exercise: Pulse Amplitude Modulation
Autorzy:
Grzechca, Damian
Chruszczyk, Lukas
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/227335.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
field programmable analog array (FPAA)
signal processing
pulse amplitude modulation (PAM)
student laboratory
Opis:
This paper presents exemplary exercise on the fundamentals of signal processing course which is offered for second year bachelor level students. Application of Field Programmable Analog Array (FPAA) for pulse amplitude modulation (PAM) exercise is described with signal processing laboratory. There are presented two methods for implementing PAM modulation and demodulation technique in FPAA module. Example configuration files are available form Authors’ web site.
Źródło:
International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications; 2020, 66, 1; 25-28
2300-1933
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Oszacowanie stosunku sygnału do szumu w asynchronicznych przetwornikach analogowo-cyfrowych
Signal-to-Noise Ratio for asynchronous analog-to-digital converters
Autorzy:
Jabłeka, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/156639.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Stowarzyszenie Inżynierów i Techników Mechaników Polskich
Tematy:
przetworniki analogowo-cyfrowe
stosunek sygnału do szumu
próbkowanie
kwantyzacja
analog-to-digital converters
signal-to-noise ratio
sampling
quantization
Opis:
W artykule przedstawiono porównanie współczynnika stosunku sygnału do szumu (SNR) dla synchronicznych oraz asynchronicznych przetworników analogowo-cyfrowych. Badania wykonano dla trzech modeli stochastycznych sygnałów wejściowych o rozkładach Gaussa, równomiernym oraz sygnału sinusoidalnego. Oszacowano spadek wartości współczynnika SNR dla asynchronicznego przetwornika analogowo-cyfrowego typu Sigma-Delta w porównaniu z klasycznym przetwornikiem synchronicznym, wywołany odpowiednio nieliniowością bloku próbkującego (-10dB) oraz niejednoznacznością procesu kwantyzacji (-3dB).
This paper shows the difference between the SNR level for classical synchronous analog-to-digital converters (ADC) and asynchronous Sigma-Delta analog-to-digital converters (ASD ADC) (Fig. 2) [4, 5]. Simulative evaluation shows that the conversion quality for ASD ADCs is about 2 bit worse than for classical synchronous ADCs (Tabs. 1 and 2). The reason for such a difference is firstly the nonlinearity of an ASD ADC sampling block (ASDM) (-10dB in SNR value) and secondly the quantization noise whose variance value is two times bigger than in case of classical ADCs ( 3dB in SNR). Such big quantization noise is caused by the need of measuring the time position of two independent pulse edges with uniform probability density function (pdf) for the quantization error [8]. The difference for these two measurements yields a triangular distribution which overlaps consecutive quantization intervals (Fig. 1b) and is the source of uncertainty of the digital word at the ASD ADC output [8]. Simulations were performed for four configurations of sampling and quantization blocks, the classical ADC and three other sets of linear/nonlinear sampling blocks and certain/uncertain quantization blocks. Such simulation methodology shows the influence of properties of each element of the signal path in the ASD-ADC on the quantization noise pdf (Fig. 3). The SNR is evaluated for three stochastic models of input signals: Gauss, uniform and sinusoidal signal. Comparison requires assuming the proper amplitude and frequency domain, because of balance between the dynamic range and bandwidth of the ASD ADC.
Źródło:
Pomiary Automatyka Kontrola; 2011, R. 57, nr 1, 1; 30-32
0032-4140
Pojawia się w:
Pomiary Automatyka Kontrola
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Sampling Jitter in Audio A/D Converters
Autorzy:
Kulka, Z.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/177046.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
analog-to-digital converter
ADC
successive approximation register (SAR)
sigma-delta ADC
sample-and-hold circuit
DT sigma delta modulator
CT sigma delta modulator
time jitter
aperture jitter
clock jitter
periodic clock jitter
signal-to-noise ratio (SNR)
Opis:
This paper provides an overview of the effects of timing jitter in audio sampling analog-to-digital converters (ADCs), i.e. PCM (conventional or Nyquist sampling) ADCs and sigma-delta (ΣΔ) ADCs. Jitter in a digital audio is often defined as short- term fluctuations of the sampling instants of a digital signal from their ideal positions in time. The influence of the jitter increases particularly with the improvements in both resolution and sampling rate of today’s audio ADCs. At higher frequencies of the input signals the sampling jitter becomes a dominant factor in limiting the ADCs performance in terms of signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and dynamic range (DR).
Źródło:
Archives of Acoustics; 2011, 36, 4; 831-849
0137-5075
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Acoustics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Calibration of a mixed-signal power network transient stability analysis emulator
Autorzy:
Lanz, G
Fabre, L.
Lilis, G
Kyriakidis, T
Sallin, D
Cherkaoui, R.
Kayal, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/398094.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Politechnika Łódzka. Wydział Mikroelektroniki i Informatyki
Tematy:
analog computer
calibration
field programmable gate array (FPGA)
FPGA
mixed signal
power system dynamics
komputer analogowy
kalibracja
field-programmable gate array
sygnał mieszany
dynamika systemu elektroenergetycznego
Opis:
The emerging field of power system emulation for real time smart grid management is very demanding in terms of speed and accuracy. This paper provides detailed information about the electronics calibration process of a high-speed power network emulator dedicated to the transient stability analysis of power systems. This emulator uses mixed-signal hardware to model the dynamic behavior of a power network. Special design allows the self-calibration of the analog electronics through successive measurements and correction steps. The calibration operation guarantees high resolution of the transient stability analysis results, so that they can be reliably used for operational planning and control on real power networks.
Źródło:
International Journal of Microelectronics and Computer Science; 2013, 4, 4; 142-147
2080-8755
2353-9607
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Microelectronics and Computer Science
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Analog Reconfirable Circuits
Autorzy:
Malcher, A.
Falkowski, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/226956.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
analog signal processing
configurable analog block
CAB
dynamic reconfiguration
field programmable analog array
FPAA
switched capacitor circuits
Opis:
The aim of this paper is to present an overview of a new branch of analog electronics represented by analog reconfigurable circuits. The reconfiguration of analog circuits has been known and used since the beginnings of electronics, but the universal reconfigurable circuits called Field Programmable Analog Arrays (FPAA) have been developed over the last two decades. This paper presents the classification of analog circuit reconfiguration, examples of FPAA solutions obtained as academic projects and commercially available ones, as well as some application examples of the dynamic reconfiguration of FPAA.
Źródło:
International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications; 2014, 60, 1; 15-26
2300-1933
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Electronics and Telecommunications
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Analytical synthesis of parameter-varying filter of constant component with application to switching systems
Autorzy:
Piskorowski, J.
Kaszyński, R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/221736.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
data acquisition
analog signal processing
transient behavior
dynamics
switching systems
linear parameter-varying technique (LPV)
linear time-varying systems (LTV)
Opis:
In this paper, we propose a concept of a continuous-time filter of constant component that exhibits a very short response in the time domain if compared to the traditional time-invariant filter. The improvement of the filter dynamics was achieved as a result of the time-varying parameters which were introduced to the filter structure. Such a designed filter is then applied in a system which switches many distorted signals which should be filtered as fast as possible. The paper is of review nature and presents both a theoretical background of the proposed filter and the results of simulations.
Źródło:
Metrology and Measurement Systems; 2011, 18, 3; 471-480
0860-8229
Pojawia się w:
Metrology and Measurement Systems
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Effective Filtering in Signal Multiplexing Systems
Efektywna filtracja w systemach multipleksowania sygnałów
Autorzy:
Piskorowski, J.
Kaszyński, R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/157015.pdf
Data publikacji:
2007
Wydawca:
Stowarzyszenie Inżynierów i Techników Mechaników Polskich
Tematy:
przetwarzanie sygnałów
akwizycja danych
multiplekser analogowy
układy o zmiennych parametrach
filtr składowej stałej
signal processing
data aquisition
analog multiplexer
time-varying systems
filter of constant component
Opis:
Artykuł przedstawia nową koncepcję filtru składowej stałej o zmiennych parametrach, który charakteryzuje się bardzo krótką odpowiedzią w dziedzinie czasu, nie wykazując przy tym istotnych zaburzeń filtrowanych sygnałów w dziedzinie częstotliwości. Zaprojektowany filtr wykorzystano w procesie multipleksowania silnie zaszumionych sygnałów, co pozwoliło na zaprezentowanie zalet zaproponowanego układu. W celu przedstawienia korzyści z wprowadzenia do struktury filtru zmiennych w czasie parametrów porównano jego właściwości z klasycznym układem o stałych współczynnikach.
In this article, we propose a novel concept of a continuous-time time-varying filter of constant component that exhibits a very short response in the time domain without significant distortions in the frequency domain. Such a designed filter is then applied in the system containing analog multiplexer, where it is able to reveal its advantageous properties. Results verifying the effectiveness of the proposed approach are presented and compared to the traditional filters.
Źródło:
Pomiary Automatyka Kontrola; 2007, R. 53, nr 6, 6; 42-45
0032-4140
Pojawia się w:
Pomiary Automatyka Kontrola
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Quick-response protection system against electric shock in distributed generation systems
Autorzy:
Shkrabets, Fedir
Plaksin, Sergej
Ostapchuk, Oleksandr
Kuznetsov, Valeriy
Tymchenko, Irina
Muntian, Antonina
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1840853.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Polskie Towarzystwo Diagnostyki Technicznej PAN
Tematy:
electric networks
protection
reliability
ground fault current
electrical safety
protection against electric shock
signal processing system
analog filtering
sieci elektryczne
ochrona
niezawodność
bezpieczeństwo elektryczne
ochrona przeciwporażeniowa
system przetwarzania sygnału
filtracja analogowa
Opis:
The peculiarities of the operation of distributed generation systems lead to a change in the requirements for the reliability and safety of the power distribution systems in which they are integrated. To meet the increased requirements, continuous monitoring of the insulation parameters (active resistance and capacitance to ground) is often used with operating artificial non-industrial frequency operational signals introduced into the network. In the case of a sudden touch, such a system is not effective, since the response time of the protection device, which consists of the signal processing time and the operating of the actuator, is crucially important. For the used operational signals with a frequency of 100 and 200 Hz, the processing time using the Fourier transform is 10 ms for 100 Hz and 5 ms for 200 Hz. Considering that the response time of the fastest actuators (based on vacuum switches) is from 3 to 7 ms, this is a rather significant period of time. To develop an effective resolver system, the capabilities of the Matlab environment were used to determine the most successful design of an analog prototype (Butterworth, Bessel, Chebyshev and Cauer of 6th order) for an operational signal with a frequency of 200 Hz. As a result, the processing time was established, which varies widely from 3.5 to 19 ms. Taking into account the known indicators, namely the frequency and number of operational signals, a signal processing system was developed using the vector-matrix analysis method. As a result of modeling the processing characteristics of functional signals (at a sampling rate of 1 kHz), the system quick-response was 3 ms, with the possibility of its further decrease as its productiveness increases.
Źródło:
Diagnostyka; 2021, 22, 3; 59-65
1641-6414
2449-5220
Pojawia się w:
Diagnostyka
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Quick-response protection system against electric shock in distributed generation systems
Autorzy:
Shkrabets, Fedir
Plaksin, Sergej
Ostapchuk, Oleksandr
Kuznetsov, Valeriy
Tymchenko, Irina
Muntian, Antonina
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1840876.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Polskie Towarzystwo Diagnostyki Technicznej PAN
Tematy:
electric networks
protection
reliability
ground fault current
electrical safety
protection against electric shock
signal processing system
analog filtering
sieci elektryczne
ochrona
niezawodność
bezpieczeństwo elektryczne
ochrona przeciwporażeniowa
system przetwarzania sygnału
filtracja analogowa
Opis:
The peculiarities of the operation of distributed generation systems lead to a change in the requirements for the reliability and safety of the power distribution systems in which they are integrated. To meet the increased requirements, continuous monitoring of the insulation parameters (active resistance and capacitance to ground) is often used with operating artificial non-industrial frequency operational signals introduced into the network. In the case of a sudden touch, such a system is not effective, since the response time of the protection device, which consists of the signal processing time and the operating of the actuator, is crucially important. For the used operational signals with a frequency of 100 and 200 Hz, the processing time using the Fourier transform is 10 ms for 100 Hz and 5 ms for 200 Hz. Considering that the response time of the fastest actuators (based on vacuum switches) is from 3 to 7 ms, this is a rather significant period of time. To develop an effective resolver system, the capabilities of the Matlab environment were used to determine the most successful design of an analog prototype (Butterworth, Bessel, Chebyshev and Cauer of 6th order) for an operational signal with a frequency of 200 Hz. As a result, the processing time was established, which varies widely from 3.5 to 19 ms. Taking into account the known indicators, namely the frequency and number of operational signals, a signal processing system was developed using the vector-matrix analysis method. As a result of modeling the processing characteristics of functional signals (at a sampling rate of 1 kHz), the system quick-response was 3 ms, with the possibility of its further decrease as its productiveness increases.
Źródło:
Diagnostyka; 2021, 22, 3; 59-65
1641-6414
2449-5220
Pojawia się w:
Diagnostyka
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wavelet energy-based mahalanobis distance metric for testing analog and mixed-signal circuits
Autorzy:
Spyronasios, A. D.
Dimopoulos, M. G.
Hatzopoulos, A. A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/398112.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Politechnika Łódzka. Wydział Mikroelektroniki i Informatyki
Tematy:
analogowy i mieszany test sygnału
test obwodu
falki
odległość Mahalanobisa
Analog and Mixed-Signal Testing
Circuit Test
wavelets
Mahalanobis distance
Opis:
In this paper a test method based on the wavelet transformation of the measured signal, be it supply current (Ips) or output voltage (Vout) waveform, is presented. In the wavelet analysis, a Mahalanobis distance test metric is introduced utilizing information from the wavelet energies of the first decomposition level of the measured signal. The tolerance limit for the good circuit is set by statistical processing data obtained from the fault-free circuit. Simulation comparative results on benchmark circuits for testing both hard faults and parametric faults are presented showing the effectiveness of the proposed testing scheme.
Źródło:
International Journal of Microelectronics and Computer Science; 2010, 1, 2; 218-224
2080-8755
2353-9607
Pojawia się w:
International Journal of Microelectronics and Computer Science
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Metal detector excited by frequency-swept signal
Autorzy:
Svatoš, J.
Vedral, J.
Fexa, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/221024.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
metal detection
polyharmonic signals
Frequency Sweep
modelling of electromagnetic induction
analog signal processing
Opis:
This paper describes the theoretical background of electromagnetic induction from metal objects modelling. The response function of a specific case of object shape - a homogenous sphere from ferromagnetic and nonferromagnetic material is introduced. Experimental data measured by a metal detector excited with a linearly frequency-swept signal are presented. As a testing target various spheres from different materials and sizes were used. These results should lead to better identification of the buried object.
Źródło:
Metrology and Measurement Systems; 2011, 18, 1; 57-67
0860-8229
Pojawia się w:
Metrology and Measurement Systems
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Basic solutions for a program system for dynamic systems simulation
Autorzy:
Timofeev, A. O.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/92971.pdf
Data publikacji:
2006
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Przyrodniczo-Humanistyczny w Siedlcach
Tematy:
dynamic system simulation
creating interactive applications
Amethyst program system
calculating the component state
decentralized processing the signal delays
filtering
analog objects simulating
Opis:
The article presents basic solutions of the Amethyst program system. The system generates interactive applications for simulating complex dynamic systems. The method of presenting the information about the state of the simulated objects and method of calculating the component state are proposed. Method of decentralized processing the signal delays and filtering is discussed. Method of analog objects simulating is proposed. The article presents examples of projects produced for C++ Builder, Visual C++ and Visual Basic 2005 environment projects. The executable times of simulation are compared for the above mentioned environment applications.
Źródło:
Studia Informatica : systems and information technology; 2006, 1(7); 255-263
1731-2264
Pojawia się w:
Studia Informatica : systems and information technology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
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