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    Wyświetlanie 1-12 z 12
    Tytuł:
    Using 3D scanning in allometric studies on Helix pomatia
    Autorzy:
    Czyz, M.
    Kalinowski, T.
    Goldyn, B.
    Rybska, E.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/83822.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2012
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Mikołaja Kopernika. Wydział Biologii i Ochrony Środowiska. Stowarzyszenie Malakologów Polskich
    Tematy:
    3D computer scanning method
    allometry
    Helix pomatia
    Roman snail
    snail
    biometry
    shell height
    Źródło:
    Folia Malacologica; 2012, 20, 1
    1506-7629
    Pojawia się w:
    Folia Malacologica
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Produktywność biomasy nadziemnej i podziemnej w doświadczeniu proweniencyjno-rodowym z dębem szypułkowym
    Productiviy of aboveground and belowground biomass in an experiment with provenances and half-sib families of pedunculate oak
    Autorzy:
    Chmura, D.J.
    Guzicka, M.
    Rożkowski, R.
    Michałowicz, D.
    Grodzicki, W.
    Chałupka, W.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/991353.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Polskie Towarzystwo Leśne
    Tematy:
    lesnictwo
    drzewostany debowe
    biomasa nadziemna
    biomasa podziemna
    akumulacja
    alokacja biomasy
    drzewa lesne
    dab szypulkowy
    Quercus robur
    rownania allometryczne
    rody hodowlane
    doswiadczenia proweniencyjne
    allometry
    biomass allocation
    heritability
    quercus robur
    Opis:
    The biomass productivity of individual trees at age 14 years was investigated in the experiment with 8 provenances and 186 half−sib families of pedunculate oak (Quercus robur L.). The aim of the study was to develop allometric equations and estimate heritability of tree biomass. We sampled 28 model trees and measured dry mass of their components, including roots (on 14 trees). A decreasing share of aboveground biomass was allocated to stems, and an increasing share to branches and foliage with increasing tree size. Also a decreasing share of total tree biomass was found in roots with increasing tree dimensions. Allometric equations involving diameter at breast height in combination with tree height were developed to model biomass of all components and whole tree. We used those equations to estimate tree biomass on the subset of research area, involving all provenances and 180 half−sib families. Heritability coefficients for tree biomass were the greatest for provenances (0.84), average for families (0.58) and the lowest for individual trees (0.18). However, estimates of family heritability varied by provenance (from 0.18 to 0.74). These findings suggest that the most efficient strategy for improvement of productivity in pedunculate oak would be selection of provenances and families within provenances.
    Źródło:
    Sylwan; 2014, 158, 11; 829-839
    0039-7660
    Pojawia się w:
    Sylwan
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Ontogeny and autecology of an Early Cretaceous trigoniide bivalve from Neuquén Basin, Argentina
    Autorzy:
    Echevarria, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/945794.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2014
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Paleobiologii PAN
    Tematy:
    mollusca
    bivalvia
    trigoniida
    ontogeny
    larval development
    shell growth
    allometry
    life habits
    cretaceous
    argentina
    Opis:
    Understanding ontogenetic variation is fundamental for adequate species definition and is the key for recognizing evolutionary relevant processes like heterochrony or developmental constraints. The larval and post-larval shell ontogeny and the ecology of the trigoniide bivalve Myophorella garatei are described in this paper. The species occurs in offshore transition facies of the late Valanginian Pilmatué Member of the Agrio Formation in the Neuquén Basin, Argentina. The larval shell has a rather small prodissoconch I; and if prodissoconch II is present, it is rather weakly developed. From these data, a larval stage of low dispersal capability is inferred for Myophorella garatei, either short-lived planktotrophic or nonplanktotrophic. The study of post-larval development included general shell shape and ornamentation. To assess general shell shape a geometric morphometric analysis was performed on the lateral view, together with a study of allometry for the shell width. As a result, two main allometric stages of development could be identified. During the first stage a relative size reduction of the area co-occurs with a slight elongation of the shell, while the second stage is marked by dorsal bending of the shell and an increase on relative width. Ornamentation was examined qualitatively, but also a geometric morphometric analysis was performed on the flank costae. The first two flank costae are subconcentric; from the third costa onwards they become oblique, intially changing from more curved to less curved shapes, while on a third stage they show the opposite trend. Finally, a general interpretation of the adaptive morphology of adult shell was performed, concluding that M. garatei was adapted to low energy, soft bottom environments, and probably lived with the posterior straight margin levelled at the water-sediment interface.
    Źródło:
    Acta Palaeontologica Polonica; 2014, 59, 2; 407-420
    0567-7920
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Palaeontologica Polonica
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Morphology and Ecology in Tintinnid Ciliates of the Marine Plankton: Correlates of Lorica Dimensions
    Autorzy:
    Dolan, John R.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/763784.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2010
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Jagielloński. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego
    Tematy:
    Ciliophora, allometry, niche, morphospecies, biodiversity, zooplankton
    Opis:
    Tintinnid ciliates, characterized by the possession of a lorica into which the ciliate cell can contract, are a common component of the marine microzooplankton. Lorica architecture and size range widely and classically distinguishes species. Here relationships between ecological parameters and lorica dimensions (lorica oral diameter (LOD), lorica length (LL) and lorica volume (LV) are examined using data from literature reports. The relationships between lorica dimensions and reproductive potential, using maximum reported growth rates of natural populations (n = 52 species) are assessed. Susceptibility to copepod predation and lorica dimensions are considered based on reports of clearance rates of Acartia species feeding on tintinnid ciliates (n = 7 species). Diet and lorica dimension is analyzed using data on mean maximum food size contained in field-caught cells (n = 20 species), and preferred food size based on prey size associated with maximal reported clearance rates (n = 15 species). Overall, LOD is closely related to most of the ecological parameters. Maximum growth rate is related to LOD with smaller LODs corresponding to higher growth rates, in contrast to LL and LV. Maximum prey size is positively related to both LOD and LL but more tightly with LOD. Preferred prey size is positively related to LOD and LV but more tightly related to LOD. Clearance rates of Acartia species feeding on tintinnids are significantly related only to LOD with small LODs corresponding to lower copepod feeding rates. Relationships excluding data on species of Tintinnopsis, the species-rich genus which generally dominates coastal communities, are also examined and show similar trends. In tintinnids, LOD, known to be a conservative and relatively reliable species characteristic, appears related to a wide range of ecological characteristics.
    Źródło:
    Acta Protozoologica; 2010, 49, 3
    1689-0027
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Protozoologica
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Morphological requirements in limulid and decapod gills: A case study in deducing the function of lamellipedian exopod lamellae
    Autorzy:
    Suzuki, Y
    Kondo, A.
    Bergstrom, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/20381.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2008
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Paleobiologii PAN
    Tematy:
    morphology
    total gill surface
    paleontology
    lamella
    Decapoda
    Limulidae
    Limulus polyphemus
    lamellipedian arachnomorph
    gill lamella
    allometry
    arthropod
    gill
    respiration
    Arthropoda
    Opis:
    According to one hypothesis, the exopods of extinct lamellipedian arthropods functioned as gills. To evaluate this hypothesis, the growth rates in Limulus polyphemus for total gill surface, average area per single gill lamella and number of gill lamellae are documented. The rates are compared with corresponding rates in decapod crustaceans in order to make deductions on morphological constraints in multi−foliated gills. The growth rates are given as allometric scaling exponents relative to the animal dry−body weight. The comparisons reveal that each allometric exponent is similar among examined species irrespective of differences in gill morphology or animal body plans. The numerical growth of lamellae obviously is much smaller than the growth of the total respiratory surface. To fulfill these trends in multi−foliated gills, the overall profile tends to become conical, with the result that the surface area is a couple of magnitudes larger at the base of the cone than at the tip. This geometrical shape appears to keep the numerical value of the total respiratory area (total lamellar surface) proportional to the cube of the total number of lamellae. The situation is entirely different in animals with lamellipedian exopods. In the latter, lamellae are slender structures carried in a straight row and, as exemplified by Naraoia, their increase in number during the growth is only half that required for the exopod lamellae to have functioned as an arthropod multi−foliated gill cone.
    Źródło:
    Acta Palaeontologica Polonica; 2008, 53, 2
    0567-7920
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Palaeontologica Polonica
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Countermovement depth – a variable which clarifies the relationship between the maximum power output and height of a vertical jump
    Autorzy:
    Gajewski, J.
    Michalski, R.
    Buśko, K.
    Mazur-Różycka, J.
    Staniak, Z.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/306825.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
    Tematy:
    ćwiczenia
    biomechanika
    alometria
    exercise
    biomechanics
    regression
    allometry
    Opis:
    The aim of this study was to identify the determinants of peak power achieved during vertical jumps in order to clarify relationship between the height of jump and the ability to exert maximum power. Methods: One hundred young (16.8±1.8 years) sportsmen participated in the study (body height 1.861 ± 0.109 m, body weight 80.3 ± 9.2 kg). Each participant performed three jump tests: countermovement jump (CMJ), akimbo countermovement jump (ACMJ), and spike jump (SPJ). A force plate was used to measure ground reaction force and to determine peak power output. The following explanatory variables were included in the model: jump height, body mass, and the lowering of the centre of mass before launch (countermovement depth). A model was created using multiple regression analysis and allometric scaling. Results: The model was used to calculate the expected power value for each participant, which correlated strongly with real values. The value of the coefficient of determination R2 equalled 0.89, 0.90 and 0.98, respectively, for the CMJ, ACMJ, and SPJ jumps. The countermovement depth proved to be a variable strongly affecting the maximum power of jump. If the countermovement depth remains constant, the relative peak power is a simple function of jump height. Conclusions: The results suggest that the jump height of an individual is an exact indicator of their ability to produce maximum power. The presented model has a potential to be utilized under field condition for estimating the maximum power output of vertical jumps.
    Źródło:
    Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics; 2018, 20, 1; 127-134
    1509-409X
    2450-6303
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Cechy metryczne przewodu pokarmowego oraz efekty produkcyjne kurcząt rzeźnych żywionych mieszankami pełnoporcjowymi zawierającymi drożdże gorzelnicze i piwne
    Growth performance and gastrointestinal tract allometry of broiler chickens fed with complete feed mixtures including distiller’s and brewer’s yeast
    Autorzy:
    Możanowicz, Natalia
    Król, Barbara
    Słupczyńska, Maja
    Hikawczuk, Tomasz
    Sierżant, Kamil
    Wilk, Martyna
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/582553.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wrocławiu
    Tematy:
    drożdże gorzelnicze
    drożdże piwne
    brojlery
    allometria przewodu pokarmowego
    wskaźniki produkcyjne
    distiller’s yeast
    brewer’s yeast
    broiler
    digestive tract allometry
    growth performance
    Opis:
    Celem badań było określenie wpływu drożdży gorzelniczych i piwnych podawanych w mieszankach pełnoporcjowych dla kurcząt rzeźnych na wybrane parametry przewodu pokarmowego oraz efekty produkcyjne. Badania przeprowadzono na 90 kurczętach rzeźnych rasy Hubbard odmiany białej, które w 28. dniu życia przydzielono do 5 grup żywieniowych. Czynnikiem różnicującym grupy żywieniowe był rodzaj i poziom drożdży zastosowanych w mieszance pełnoporcjowej typu finisher. Zwierzęta z grupy kontrolnej otrzymywały mieszankę bez dodatku drożdży, natomiast w grupach doświadczalnych zastosowano 2 i 4% udziału drożdży gorzelniczych (grupy II i III) oraz 2 i 4% udziału drożdży piwnych (grupy IV i V). Uzyskane wyniki wskazują, że kurczęta rzeźne otrzymujące w mieszance pełnoporcjowej drożdże, zarówno gorzelnicze, jak i browarniane, charakteryzowały się lepszymi (P≤0,05) wskaźnikami produkcyjnymi: przyrostami masy ciała, pobraniem paszy oraz współczynnikiem wykorzystania paszy na 1 kg przyrostu masy ciała niż ptaki z grupy kontrolnej. Nie stwierdzono istotnego wpływu dodatku drożdży na allometrię przewodu pokarmowego.
    The aim of the study was to determine the effect of distiller’s and brewer’s yeast added to complete feed mixtures for broiler chickens on selected allometric parameters of digestive tract as well as birds growth performance. The experiment was carried out on 90 Hubbard white broiler chickens randomly divided on 28 d. of the experiment into 5 experimental groups differed by kind and amount of yeasts in complete feed mixtures as follows: group I (negative control), groups II and III – distillers yeast in amount of 2 and 4%, respectively and groups IV and V – brewer’s yeast in amount of 2 and 4%, respectively. Obtained research data indicated that chickens fed with complete feed mixture containing both, brewer’s and distillers yeast addition, had higher body weight gains (P≤0.05) in comparison with control group what was clearly confirmed in lower (P≤0.05) FI and FCR. Yeast administration, both distillers and brewers, added to concentrate mixtures did not significantly affect the selected parameters of chicken digestive tract.
    Źródło:
    Prace Naukowe Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wrocławiu; 2018, 542; 122-131
    1899-3192
    Pojawia się w:
    Prace Naukowe Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wrocławiu
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Capybaras, size, shape, and time: A model kit
    Autorzy:
    Vucetich, M G
    Deschamps, C.M.
    Olivares, A.I.
    Dozo, M.T.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/22975.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2005
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Paleobiologii PAN
    Tematy:
    Miocene
    allometry
    Puerto Madryn Formation
    Rodentia
    Cardiatherium patagonicum
    size
    Argentina
    tooth development
    capybara
    time
    shape
    Hydrochoeridae
    Cardiatherium
    paleontology
    Opis:
    The capybaras (Hydrochoeridae) are outstanding rodents for their large size and euhypsodont and multilaminated cheek teeth. Although today they are represented by a single species, it was generally thought that their past diversity was much higher, especially during the late Miocene–early Pliocene. Such diversity is here analyzed taking into account the ontogenetic variation of the p4–m3 in different populations. Numerous isolated teeth of different size found in the upper levels of the Puerto Madryn Formation (late Miocene, Peninsula Valdés, Argentina) were interpreted as members of an ontogenetic series of a new species here described, Cardiatherium patagonicum. They provided clues to evaluate ontogenetic variation and a new framework to analyze the family diversity. In this context, it is proposed that multiple species described from the Ituzaingó Formation (late Miocene, Entre Ríos, Argentina) based on lower teeth, may actually represent specimens of different stages of the ontogenetic trajectory of a single species. Likewise, we found that several nominal taxa from other localities were based on juvenile specimens. According to these results, the diversity of the Hydrochoeridae during the late Miocene and early Pliocene was drastically reduced. The validity of the subfamily Cardiatheriinae is debated. Finally, it is suggested that the whole family should be revised taking into account the ontogenetic variation.
    Źródło:
    Acta Palaeontologica Polonica; 2005, 50, 2
    0567-7920
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Palaeontologica Polonica
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Allometric growth in the frontals of the Mongolian theropod dinosaur Tarbosaurus bataar
    Autorzy:
    Yun, C.-G.
    Peters, G.F.
    Currie, P.J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/31341395.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2022
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Paleobiologii PAN
    Tematy:
    paleontology
    allometric growth
    frontal bone
    growth change
    Mongolia
    dinosaur
    theropod dinosaur
    Tarbosaurus bataar
    Dinosauria
    Theropoda
    Tyrannosauridae
    Tyrannosaurus rex
    ontogenesis
    allometry
    Źródło:
    Acta Palaeontologica Polonica; 2022, 67, 3; 601-615
    0567-7920
    Pojawia się w:
    Acta Palaeontologica Polonica
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Adaptive potential and productivity of two Salix viminalis L. clonal varieties grown in North Central Bulgaria
    Autorzy:
    Stankova, T.
    Gyuleva, V.
    Tsvetkov, I.
    Popov, E.
    Kalmukov, K.
    Dimitrov, D.N.
    Andonova, E.
    Stefanova, P.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2130197.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2022
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Dendrologii PAN
    Tematy:
    basket willow
    spacing
    rotation
    allometry
    site conditions
    Opis:
    Salix viminalis L. is a broadly cultivated willow species that has been intensively used for breeding purposes, particularly in selection of clones and hybrids for biomass production. The present study aimed to explore and compare growth and adaptability of two basket willow (Salix viminalis L.) clonal varieties - rubra and purpurea - at the specific edaphic and climate conditions and cultivation practice presented in an experimental plantation in North Central Bulgaria. The influence of spacing, genotype, root age and rotation on their productivity were also investigated and allometric relationships for non-destructive estimation of woody plant biomass were suggested. The trial plantation was established in the spring of 2018 as 4 sectors of a Nelder wheel plot with 15 nearly-square spacings, ranging from 0.25 to 9.80 m2 (40000–1020 plants per hectare). The two varieties were arranged in 4 four-spoke sectors (2 sectors per clone). Data collection took place from 2018 to 2020 and comprised 1- and 2-year rotations. The study showed that Salix viminalis var. rubra was more susceptible to desiccation-causing adverse climatic changes, poorly adapted to the specific conditions of the study site and gradually died out during the second and the third year. Salix viminalis var. purpurea exhibited steady survival rate (97 - 77%) and annual biomass productivity varying from 3 to 17 Mg/ha/year across the densities, sectors and years. During the first year of growth purpurea variety had a significantly higher plant weight and sprout number than rubra variety. Growing space affected positively the number of shoots and tree dendromass, and sprouting was reinforced by coppicing that doubled the shoot number during the subsequent rotation. This was reflected in the development of the stump-level allometric models that were differentiated according to rotation. The stump-level allometric model of higher predictive power was based on the main shoot length and shoot number. An exponential relationship to the breast-height shoot diameter was also suggested for biomass estimation of each sprout separately.
    Źródło:
    Dendrobiology; 2022, 88; 1-15
    1641-1307
    Pojawia się w:
    Dendrobiology
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    A new specimen of the basal macronarian Camarasaurus (Dinosauria: Sauropoda) highlights variability and cranial allometry within the genus
    Autorzy:
    Woodruff, D. Cary
    Wilhite, D. Ray
    Larson, Peter L.
    Eads, Matthew
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2060921.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021
    Wydawca:
    Państwowy Instytut Geologiczny – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
    Tematy:
    Camarasaurus
    cranial allometry
    Morrison Formation
    allometria czaszki
    formacja Morrisona
    Opis:
    Camarasaurus represents one of the most common dinosaurs from North America, and certainly a contender for one of the most abundantly represented dinosaur taxa worldwide. With numerous specimens ranging the gamut of completeness and maturity, Camarasaurus would theoretically represent a neosauropodian exemplar towards better understanding intra- and interspecific variation, dimorphism, and life history development and strategies. And yet, counterintuitively, its abundance is seemingly a deterrent for active research. Herein we describe a new specimen of Camarasaurus sp. which is most notably known from a nearly complete and articulated skull. While Camarasaurus cranial material is unquestionably the most common sauropod cranial material from North America, our understanding of the total cranial morphology is limited, and largely relies on more limited and historic specimens. In addition to further illuminating the morphology and variation present in Camarasaurus crania, associated post-crania also allow for the first recognition of possible cranial allometry. The identification of this perplexing cranial allometry in several specimens indicates that it is not a singular variation. Though this analysis was not able to source the causal mechanism, factors such as taxonomy, dimorphism, or extreme intra-/intraspecific variation are all possible considerations for future analyses. The recognition of this undocumented cranial allometry further emphasizes that despite being so numerous, there is still vast gaps in our knowledge about Camarasaurus; and this analysis further echoes that the genus is in desperate need of revision.
    Źródło:
    Volumina Jurassica; 2021, 19, 1; 109--130
    1896-7876
    1731-3708
    Pojawia się w:
    Volumina Jurassica
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
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