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Tytuł:
Pancreatic-pleural fistula presenting as epigastric pain
Autorzy:
Bąk, Michał
Murawa, Dawid
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1391726.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Index Copernicus International
Tematy:
alcohol abuse
pancreatitis
pancreatic-pleural fistula
Opis:
We are reporting a case of a pancreatic-pleural fistula causing epigastric pain. Chest radiograph revealed pleural effusion reaching the seventh rib. Thoracocentesis was performed and 1600 mL of brownish fluid was removed, which showed an elevated amylase level. Ultimately, the diagnosis was confirmed by computed tomography. Due to the failure of medical and endoscopic treatment, the decision was made to perform surgery. It resulted in total pancreatectomy.
Źródło:
Polish Journal of Surgery; 2020, 92, 4; 54-57
0032-373X
2299-2847
Pojawia się w:
Polish Journal of Surgery
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Large pancreatic pseudocyst penetrating into posterior mediastinum
Autorzy:
Markowski, Adam Roman
Brodalka, Elżbieta
Guzinska-Ustymowicz, Katarzyna
Zaręba, Konrad
Cepowicz, Dariusz
Kędra, Bogusław
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1392970.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Index Copernicus International
Tematy:
Pancreatic pseudocyst
posterior mediastinum
pancreatitis
alcohol abuse
Opis:
We report a rare case of a large mediastinal pancreatic pseudocyst compressing the left atrium and the esophagus and causing dyspnea, palpitations, and emesis. Chest radiograph was non-diagnostic, esophagogastroduodenoscopy showed diffuse extrinsic compression of the distal esophagus and gastric corpus, but a definitive diagnosis was confirmed by computed tomography. We decided to perform surgery due to the recurrence of the pancreatic pseudocyst, a history of unsuccessful radiologically guided external drainage a few years earlier, and a very large diameter of the pseudocyst causing acute cardio-pulmonary distress syndrome.
Źródło:
Polish Journal of Surgery; 2017, 89, 4; 41-47
0032-373X
2299-2847
Pojawia się w:
Polish Journal of Surgery
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Alkoholizowanie się młodzieży szkolnej (na podstawie badań w szkołach w Bochni w latach 1913, 1967, 1990)
Drinking Habits of School Youth (Based on a Study Conducted in the School of Bochnia in the Years 1913, 1967, and 1990)
Autorzy:
Migdał, Jerzy
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/699062.pdf
Data publikacji:
1994
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Nauk Prawnych PAN
Tematy:
nadużywanie alkoholu
młodzież szkolna
badania ankietowe
alcohol abuse
school youth
survey
Opis:
The paper discusses the findings of a studv into the structure of consumption of alcoholic beverages by school youth in Bochnia. The findings reflect the situation in that sphere in 1990 as compared to 1913 and 1967. The choice of Bochnia as the area to be examined, and also of the years 1913 and 1967 as the basis for comparisons, was not accidental. Available are the findings of a study of consumption of alcoholic beverages by school youth of that town conducted in 1913 by a district school superintendent J. Ciembroniewicz, and also of a 1967 study conducted by J. Bardach from the Research Center of the Main Board, Social Anti-Alcoholic Committee headed by A. Święcicki. Most of the Bochnia school youth examined in 1990 have the same regional background as the persons examined in 1913 by J. Ciembroniewicz and in 1967 by J. Bardach. Since 1913, and then since 1967, certain cultural and moral transfomations have taken place; yet the changes do not seem to be tooo extensive, the mores so as there was no increase in migration of the population in the discussed area. A possible explanation of this rather low mobility is that, during the decades  covered by this paper, no large undustrial plants were built in Bochnia which would attract people from various regions of Poland, with their different cultural and moral patterns, acting towards transformation of the town’s original social structures. On the other hand, the local industrial plants, the Metallurgical Processing Factory and the Salt Mine in particular, as well as trade and services were developed enough to offer a sufficient numer of workplaces to the  population of Bochnia. In 1913, J. Ciembroniewicz examined 2098 young persons not older than 14. His report makes no mention of the numer of schools included in the  survey, stating only that youth from all types of schools were examined. 1231 boys and 867 girls were the respondents of a questionnaire survey. The extend to which this sample was representative cannot be appraised today for lack of detailed data as to the total school population in Bochnia in 1913. The material gathered by J. Ciembroniewicz should be seen as sufficiently extensive to evaluate the structure of  consumption of alcoholic beverages by the Bochnia school youth of those days. The 1967 study was a questionnaire survey of a sample of children from forms 5 – 8 of all Bochnia elementary schools, aged 14 at the most. The sample  consisted of 1314 persons; 1199 quetionnaires were submitted to analysis. Examined in 1990 were all children of forms 5 – 8 of Bochnia elementary schools present at school on the day of the survey (absent were e.g. the sick children). The sample consisted of 1500 persons, and 1437 questionnaires were analysed (the remaining 63 were rejected for various defects). The basic purpose of the study was: (1) to define the changes in drinking habits and the structure of consumption of alcoholic beverages during the 20th century, and (2) to show the socio-educational effects of the parents’ drinking on the shaping of their children’s attitudes towards alcohol. In all three studies, a questionnaire was used to gather data. The 1990 questionnaire was designed so as to include questions the same as or similar to those asked on 19l3 and 1967. The questionnaire used by J. Bardach, however, was not a verbatim repetition of that prepared by J. Ciembroniewicz. New questions were added, and some of those original were reformulated for precision or written in the modern language. The 1990 author took similar steps. The questionnaires were distributed to the children who wrote their answers by themselves. The findings were as follows:            (1) In 1990 as compared to l967, and in 1967 as compared to 19l3, the proportion of school youth who drank alkoholic beverages went down in Bochnia. This is true for boys and girls alike. In 1913, the proportion of girls who drank nearly equalled that of boys but proved much lower both in 1967 and in 1990.             (2) Considerable changes also took place in consumption of the separate alcoholic beverages. In 1990 as compared to 1967, and in 1967 as compared to 1913, consumption of both beer, wine, vodka was the decrease. The only exception here is a slight growth in the consumption of beer in 1967 as compared to 1913. Generally speaking, however, the proportion of beer drinkers was 2 times lower, and that of vodka drinkers – over 3.5 times lower. This drop between the years 1913 and 1990 was particularly marked in the case of girls: consumption of beer was over 4 times lower, of wine – over 2 times lower, and of vodka – nearly 6 times lower in 1990 as compared to 1913.             (3) Also the frequency of consumption of alcoholic beverages by the youth went down. The later the study, the smaller the proportion of both boys and girls who drank alcohol often and very often. The above concerns respondents of all age groups. (4) In general, the highest proportion of boys always drank in the company of their parents. The exception here is the 1967 sample: the boys then drank most often with their peers. In 1913, 1967, and 1990 alike, the proportion of boys who drank in the company of their parents went down with age. A similar trend was found in the case of boys who drank in the company of other adult family members. What grew with age, instead, was the proportion of boys who drank in the company of their peers, on their own, or together with adults from outside their family. As regards girls, in 1913, 1967, and 1990 alike, most of those who at all drank alcoholic beverages did it in the company of their parents. Striking among both boys and girls is the high proportion of young persons who drank in the company of their peers or on their own. This trend was particularly marked in l967 as compared to 1913. This finding is  the more important as in the case of this group, the role of the family as controller of the alcohol-related habits and particularly the type and amount of alcohol consumed was largely reduced.             (5) In l9l3, 1967, and 1990 alike, most boys drank on church holidays, at festivities, weddings, celebrations of baptism, and parties, that is occasionally. (6) As for the yoith’s contacts with drinking persons, the situation proved much different in 1990 as compared to 1967 and 1913. In 1967 and 1990, 2 times as many boys as in 1913 saw a drink parent or older sibling. In the case of girls, this difference between l9l3, 1967, and1990 is greater still. *      *     * The findings of the 1990 study manifest the occurrence over the years of advantageous changes in the drinking habits and structure of consumption of alcoholic beverages among children up to 14 in small towns.  Interestingly enough, there is a continuous discrepancy between two groups of data: in the period 1913‒1990, there was a regular  decrease in the proportion of young persons who had drank alcohol at least once before the survey while the general extent of alcohol consumption was on a constant increase. These data correspond with national findings which show that today, about 50–60 % of young persons in the discussed age group drink alcohol. In the age15 to 18, as many as over 80% of Polish youth accasionally drink alcohol. The general social knowledge on the harmful effects of drinking is much more extensive today than it was in the early 1900’s. At present, hardly  any mothers use an  alcohol-soaked cloth to calm their babies; hardly any parents treat their thirsty children to a beer during harvest; hardly any fathers have a drink with  their small sons. Such practices did take place earlier in our century. Even if they drink themselves, the parents and educators of today are aware of the threats involved in drinking and try hard to delay the children’s first encounter with alcohol. With the child’s growing criticism, the discrepancy between the adults’ opinions and their actual drinking habits noticed by juveniles makes the latter reach for alcohol. Another factor that greatly contributes here is the reduced authority of the family and the growth of importance of a peer group. All these processes are not intensified until puberty, that is after the age of 14. This is not to say, however, that alcohol consumption at its present level is low. After all, the 50 to 60% of  children aged up 14 who at least occasionally drink alcohol constitute a very high proportion.
Źródło:
Archiwum Kryminologii; 1994, XX; 155-176
0066-6890
2719-4280
Pojawia się w:
Archiwum Kryminologii
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wpływ alkoholu etylowego na proces rozwoju niewydolności wątroby u osób w wieku 18-40 lat
The influence of ethyl alcohol on the development of liver failure in people aged 18-40
Autorzy:
Pańszczyk, Jakub
Gańko, Tomasz
Gawrysiak, Grzegorz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/11236596.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Uczelnia Łazarskiego. Oficyna Wydawnicza
Tematy:
nadużywanie alkoholu
alkoholowa choroba wątroby
etiopatogeneza
alcohol abuse
alcoholic liver disease
etiopathogenesis
Opis:
Przewlekłe i nadmierne spożywanie alkoholu prowadzi do uszkodzenia wielu narządów oraz powoduje utratę kontroli nad zachowaniem, bowiem etanol jest związkiem toksycznym, który prowadzi do zaburzeń w centralnym i obwodowym układzie nerwowym. W Polsce osoby z zespołem uzależnienia od alkoholu stanowią około 3% społeczeństwa. Narządem szczególnie narażonym na toksyczny wpływ alkoholu etylowego i jego metabolitów jest wątroba. Przewlekłe nadużywanie alkoholu powoduje rozwój alkoholowej choroby wątroby, której kolejnymi stadiami są: stłuszczenie wątroby, alkoholowe zapalenie wątroby oraz zwłóknienie i marskość. Szkodliwe działanie etanolu na wątrobę zależy od spożywanej dawki dobowej, indywidualnej wrażliwości i od czasu nadużywania alkoholu. Wśród znanych czynników warunkujących rozwój alkoholowej choroby wątroby wymienia się także płeć, stan odżywienia pacjenta i współistniejące zakażenia wirusami hepatotropowymi, zwłaszcza HCV. Coraz częściej zwraca się uwagę na rolę czynników genetycznych i zaburzeń immunologicznych.
Chronic and excessive alcohol consumption causes damage to many organs and causes loss of control over behavior, because ethanol is a toxic compound that leads to disorders of the central and peripheral nervous system. In Poland, people with alcohol dependence syndrome constitute about 3% of the society. The organ particularly exposed to the toxic effect of ethyl alcohol and its metabolites is the liver. Chronic alcohol abuse causes the development of alcoholic liver disease, the stages of which are fatty liver, alcoholic hepatitis, and fibrosis and cirrhosis. The harmful effect of ethanol on the liver depends on the daily dose consumed, individual sensitivity and the time of alcohol abuse. The known factors determining the development of alcoholic liver disease also include sex, the nutritional status of the patient and coexisting infections with hepatotropic viruses, especially HCV. Increasingly, attention is paid to the role of genetic factors and immune disorders.
Źródło:
Review of Medical Practice; 2022, XXVIII, 1-2; 64-70
2956-4441
2956-445X
Pojawia się w:
Review of Medical Practice
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The P300 event-related brain potential, relationship with functional, familial and chronic subtypes of alcohol dependence
Autorzy:
Chwedorowicz, Roman
Skarżyński, Henryk
Kapka-Skrzypczak, Lucyna
Pucek, Weronika
Studziński, Tadeusz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/972388.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Instytut Medycyny Wsi
Tematy:
alcoholics
endophenotypes
evoked potentials
National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (U. S.)
Opis:
The results of contemporary studies confirm that the electrophysiological characteristics of alcoholics, such as low P300 amplitude of the Event-Related Potential (ERP), are related with high risk in their offspring, and are considered to be biological endophenotypes of predisposition to develop alcohol use disorders. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the differences in the theta (4–7 Hz) ERP occurring in the P300 response in the resting EEG of alcoholics in comparison to normal age- and gender-matched control subjects. The study included individuals of Polish ancestry with three generations (parents, siblings, spouses, marrying into the family, and children) from families with a positive diagnosis of alcohol dependence. Next, the group of alcoholics was subdivided into five distinct groups, according to the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA). The control group consisted of 25 unaffected individuals from families who were screened and assessed to be negative for a diagnosis of alcohol dependence. The theta band (4–7 Hz) visual ERP occurring in the P300 response in the resting EEG were examined to explore the electrophysiological effects of alcohol on the brain in patients with alcohol addiction. The amplitude and latency of auditory P300 response was recorded in the frontal, central, occipital and temporal regions, in control and alcohol dependent individuals. The amplitude of auditory P300 response in the central areas of the brain was lower in alcoholics in all studied groups, compared to the control subjects, except for the young adult subtype. No statistical difference in the amplitude of P300 potential in the studied brain regions was observed between the young adult subtype, and the control group. Similar P300 amplitude values in the young adult subtype and in the controls, and different values in the remaining alcoholics in the study, allow the differentiation into two subtypes of young alcoholics, based on the P300 amplitude as the biological endophenotype, and provide the background related with causative environmental and genetic factors in alcohol addiction.
Źródło:
Journal of Pre-Clinical and Clinical Research; 2016, 10, 2; 82-86
1898-2395
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Pre-Clinical and Clinical Research
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Konsekwencje wychowywania się w rodzinie z problemem alkoholowym – bagaż na całe życie
The Consequences of Growing Up in a Family With Alcohol Problems. A Lifelong Burden
Autorzy:
Włodarczyk, Ewa
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/495897.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016-06-30
Wydawca:
Towarzystwo Naukowe Franciszka Salezego
Tematy:
rodziny z problemem alkoholowym
dzieci
zaburzenia w rozwoju
parental alcohol abuse
children
developmental disorders
Opis:
The article entitled The Consequences of Growing up in a Family with Alcohol Problems. A Lifelong Burden is dedicated to the problems of children raised by one or both parents addicted to alcohol who experience a negative impact of that situation in the area of their psychosocial functioning (in the current phase of their lives, as well as in adulthood).
Artykuł zatytułowany Konsekwencje wychowywania się w rodzinie z problemem alkoholowym – bagaż na całe życie poświęcony jest problematyce dzieci wychowywanych jest przez jednego lub oboje pijących rodziców, doświadczających negatywnych wpływów w obszarze ich funkcjonowania psychospołecznego (w aktualnej fazie ich życia, jak i w dorosłości).
Źródło:
Seminare. Poszukiwania naukowe; 2016, 37, 2; 45-57
1232-8766
Pojawia się w:
Seminare. Poszukiwania naukowe
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Review of research on alcohol dependence in a model of mice selected for high and low stress-induced analgesia
Przegląd badań nad uzależnieniem od akoholu w modelu myszy selekcjonowanych w kierunku wysokiej i niskiej analgezji postresowej
Autorzy:
Poznański, P.
Leśniak, A.
Strzemecka, J.
Sacharczuk, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2052969.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Akademia Bialska Nauk Stosowanych im. Jana Pawła II w Białej Podlaskiej
Tematy:
alcohol abuse
selected mouse lines
opioid system
uzależnienie od alkoholu
selekcjonowane linie myszy
układ opioidowy
Opis:
Decades of studies on alcohol dependence showed that it is a very complex and multifactorial disorder. Several receptor systems are involved in development and susceptibility to alcohol abuse; however, there are some which play a crucial role in its pathogenesis, e.g. dopaminergic or opioid system. In this paper, an effort is made to explain the role of endogenous opioid system activity in alcohol dependence. To achieve the goal, we use a unique model is used which shows mice lines that are divergently selected for high (HA) and low (LA) stress-induced analgesia. This process allowed for selecting individuals characterised by hyperactive (HA) or hypoactive (LA) opioid system. Basing on the performed experiments, we proved that delta opioid receptors play a critical role in the development of addiction. The most notable achievement is an unspecific reaction of mice with the hyperactive opioid system to naloxone – an unspecific opioid system antagonist, which is currently approved in the pharmacotherapy of dependent patients.
Uzależnienie od alkoholu jest chorobą wieloczynnikową, za której etiologię odpowiedzialnych jest kilka mechanizmów. Wieloletnie badania pozwoliły na zidentyfikowanie kilku układów receptorowych, które są zaangażowane w rozwój oraz podatność do uzależnienia od alkoholu, jednakże niektóre z nich odgrywają krytyczną rolę w jego patogenezie np. układ dopaminergiczny lub opioidowy. W niniejszym artykule przedstawiamy wyniki badań, których celem było określenie roli endogennej aktywności układu opioidowego w uzależnieniu od alkoholu. Do realizacji tego celu wykorzystano unikalny model myszy selekcjonowanych w kierunku wysokiej (HA) oraz niskiej (LA) analgezji postresowej. Proces selekcji pozwolił na wybranie osobników charakteryzujących się wysoką (HA) oraz niską (LA) aktywnością układu opioidowego. Na podstawie przeprowadzonych eksperymentów, udowodniliśmy krytyczną rolę receptorów opioidowych typu delta w rozwoju uzależnienia od alkoholu. Godnym uwagi osiągnięciem było wykazanie niespecyficznej reakcji myszy o wysokiej aktywności układu opioidowego na nalokson – niespecyficznego antagonistę receptorów opioidowych, który jest aktualnie używany w farmakoterapii uzależnionych pacjentów.
Źródło:
Health Problems of Civilization; 2018, 12, 3; 217-222
2353-6942
2354-0265
Pojawia się w:
Health Problems of Civilization
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Nadużywanie alkoholu w biografiach młodocianych toksykomanów
Excessive Drinking in the Biographies of Young Adult Drug Addicts
Autorzy:
Tomczak, Jerzy W.
Zakrzewski, Paweł
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/699052.pdf
Data publikacji:
1982
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Nauk Prawnych PAN
Tematy:
środki uzależniające
uzależnienie od substancji
młodociani
nadużywanie alkoholu
toksykomania
alcohol abuse
addictive substances
substance dependence
juvenile
toxicomania
Opis:
In the present study the young adult drug addicts are discussed who were included in the multidisciplinary research conducted by the Department of Mental Health of the Polish Academy of Sciences. An attempt is made to reveal the psycho-social mechanisms which cause the co-existence of excessive drinking and taking other drugs causing dependence. This problem is insufficiently elucidated both in Polish and foreign scientific literature. We do not cite here the description of the methods employed in the study of sufficient information is provided for in the summary of the study of the progress of dependence and changes in the social behavior of young adult drug addicts, published in the present volume. Attention should be drawn to a difference in the methods: in the present study, we deal first of all with young adult males. Among girls, excessive drinking does not play any important role, therefore the coexistence of alcohol and other drugs in their life stories occurs comparatively rarely. The phenomenon of excessive drinking occurred in 48 boys - drug addicts, which makes 58% of the total of 83 boys. Excessive drinking generally preceded the taking of drugs; alcohol was also used as a mean to soften the abstinence symptoms due to a temporary lack of the basic drug; drinking resulted also from a futile attempt at withdrawal from an advanced morphine habit. The cases of simultaneous drinking and taking of narcotic drugs in order to achieve more intense experiences were rare, as well as those of alternate drinking and taking drugs; in this last case, it meant that the individual was first of all anxious to strenghten the bonds between the members of the group, not yet feeling any mental nor all the more physical symptoms of dependence on alcohol or other drugs. To sum up, we noted in the large part of the addicts the easiness of changing from narcotic drugs to alcohol and vice versa. The possible general interpretation of these facts is as follows: individuals with certain personality deficiencies are characterized by a low tolerance to defeats, stress and tensions, which causes the need to seek the so-called “mental prothesis” or the desire to change one’s own state of mind. These needs and desires can be aggravated by the intensified symptoms of puberty, among them excessive and inadequate emotional reactions, discontent with one’s everyday duties and necessities, states of depression and dysphoria. Both alcohol and narcotic drugs can soothe these needs on temporarily satisfy them, though naturally not identically nor to the same extent. Therefore, where greater efficiency of reaction is desired, the individual may pass on to narcotic drugs. On the other hand, when the person is first of all anxious to soothe the conflicts with his immediate environment, to avoid pressure by the police and the sentence, i.e., meet with more indulgence on the part of his environment and at the same time to have less problems with purchasing a particular drug, and thus to avoid in future the painful  withdrawal symptoms - in such cases the conversion from morphine or other drugs to alcohol is probable. Among the individuals who had often drunk alcohol before they started taking narcotic drugs, the later reverse to alcohol to soothe withdrawal  symptoms caused by the lack of morphine or other drugs which brought about the state of dependence, is highly probable as the individuals in question already know the influence, of alcohol and the favourable reaction of their organism to it.
Źródło:
Archiwum Kryminologii; 1982, VIII-IX; 389-401
0066-6890
2719-4280
Pojawia się w:
Archiwum Kryminologii
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wyzwania pracy socjalnej wobec kobiet nadużywających alkoholu. Refleksje i spostrzeżenia na podstawie wybranych wyników badań własnych
Challenges of social work towards women abusing alcohol. Reflections and observations based on selected results of own research
Autorzy:
Chmielewska, Anna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/28411818.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023-10-06
Wydawca:
Akademia Pedagogiki Specjalnej im. Marii Grzegorzewskiej. Wydawnictwo APS
Tematy:
kobieta
alkohol
nadużywanie alkoholu
uzależnienie od alkoholu
praca socjalne
wspieranie
współuzależnienie
przeciwdziałanie
woman
alcohol
alcohol abuse
alcohol addiction
social work
support
co-dependence
prevention
Opis:
Artykuł dotyczy problemu nadużywania alkoholu i uzależnienia od niego wśród kobiet. Zawarte w nim refleksje i spostrzeżenia są oparte o wyniki badań własnych przeprowadzonych w ramach projektu badawczego; „Interdyscyplinarne działania wybranych służb społecznych z kobietami nadużywającymi alkoholu”. W ramach badań przeprowadzono wywiady z pracownikami socjalnymi, którzy w swojej codziennej pracy spotykają się z tą grupą klientek. Ich wypowiedzi pozwalają zrozumieć trudne położenie kobiety uzależnionej, uświadamiają na temat jej problemów oraz ukazują okoliczności będące początkiem trudnej walki z nałogiem. Pracownik socjalny pracuje oczywiście tylko z określoną grupą kobiet zmagających się z problemem nadużywania i uzależnienia od alkoholu. O wielu z nich otoczenie w ogóle nie wie, a one same nie zwracają się o żadną pomoc. Ma to związek z tym, w jaki sposób społeczeństwo postrzega kobiety nadużywające alkoholu.
The article describes the problem of alcohol abuse and alcohol addiction among women. The reflections and observations contained therein are based on the results of own research conducted as part of a research project: “Interdisciplinary activities of selected social services with women abusing alcohol”. As part of the research, interviews were conducted with social workers who meet this group of clients in their daily work. Their statements allow us to understand the difficult situation of an addicted woman, raise awareness about her problems and show the circumstances that are the beginning of a difficult addiction battle. Of course, the social worker works only with a specific group of women struggling with the problem of alcohol abuse and addiction. Many of them are unknown to the environment, and they themselves do not ask for any help. This has to do with the way society perceives women abusing alcohol.
Źródło:
Praca Socjalna; 2023, 38(3); 21-45
0860-3480
Pojawia się w:
Praca Socjalna
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Zmiana paradygmatów w terapii uzależnień
Change in paradigms in addiction therapy
Autorzy:
Głowik, Tomasz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1371161.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019-03-07
Wydawca:
Fundacja Pedagogium
Tematy:
Paradygmat
uzależnienie
motywacja
programy ograniczania picia
programy redukcji szkód
Paradigms
addiction
motivation
alcohol abuse programs
programs of reducing the damage
Opis:
Paradigms constitute a model description of the problems and their solutions. They are important as certain methods of work, ideas for interpreting e.g. behaviour of people, in need for help, criteria for success or failure come from them. Recent years have brought an important change, which can still be seen happening, of paradigms in theraupetic rehabilitation in the area of understanding addicts as well as the understanding of addiction itself. The change influences the occurences of new therapeutic programs, which are no longer focused on sobriety itself, but it also has a huge influence on programs limiting alcohol abuse nad reducing its negative consequences and damage. It must be emphasized that these are programs which are not designed for everyone and each of them is dedicated to strictly defined group of people with an addiction in a broad sense.
Paradygmaty stanowią modelowy opis problemów i rozwiązań. Są ważne, ponieważ wynikają z nich konkretne metody pracy, pomysły na interpretację np. zachowań osób, które wymagają pomocy, kryteria sukcesu lub porażki. W ostatnich latach w lecznictwie odwykowym zaczęła się i nadal trwa istotna zmiana dotychczas obowiązujących w nimparadygmatów w obszarze rozumienia osób uzależnionych i samego zjawiska uzależnienia. Ma ona wpływ na pojawienie się nowych programów terapeutycznych, które nie są ukierunkowane jedynie na abstynencję, ale także na programy ograniczania picia oraz programy redukcji szkód. Warto jednak także podkreślić, że nie są to programy dla wszystkich, a każdy z nich jest adresowany do ściśle zdefiniowanej grupy osób z szeroko rozumianym problemem uzależnień.
Źródło:
Resocjalizacja Polska; 2019, 17; 91-101
2081-3767
2392-2656
Pojawia się w:
Resocjalizacja Polska
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Nieprzystosowanie społeczne i środowiska rodzinne młodzieży systematycznie nadużywającej alkoholu
The Social Maladjustment and Family Background of Young Heavy Drinkers
Autorzy:
Mościskier, Andrzej
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/699068.pdf
Data publikacji:
1982
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Nauk Prawnych PAN
Tematy:
nieprzystosowanie społeczne
nadużywanie alkoholu
młodzież
środowisko rodzinne
przestępczość
alkoholizm
nieletni
social maladjustment
alcohol abuse
youth
family environment
criminality
alcoholism
juvenile
Opis:
The present paper is a report on the studies conducted in the years 1975-77, dealing with a group of young regularly excessively drinking men aged 18-25. The population from which the sample was randomly drawn consisted of men aged 18-25 inhabiting 4 of the 7 districts of Warsaw and reported by the district constables of the police as persons regularly excessively drinking (that is, getting drunk more frequently than once a week). The district constables reported the total of 1,273 men meeting the above criteria, which makes about 3% of the number of all men of this age living in these districts. In reality, the percentage of men of this age regularly excessively drinking is probably much higher, as a considerable number of constables stated that they worked in their districts for too short a period to know all the persons living there who would qualify for the study. From the mentioned population, 331 persons were randomly drawn for the study. The materials employed consist of interviews with the mothers of the examined persons and of information from official sources court records, prison files, documents of juvenile courts and detoxication centres. The similar data were gathered as regards all brothers of the examined persons who were also aged 18-25. When beginning the study, it was acknowledged that considering the criteria for the selection of the population, first of all persons with negative family background would be selected and that this very environmental  characteristic would be the main determinant of differentiating the main group from the control group, where the family background - as it was easy to foresee - would be of a more favourable character. It was thus decided to eliminate the influence of family background variable in the selection of the control group, so as to render possible the protrusion - of other characteristics which differentiate the persons regularly excessively drinking from those of the control group. Considering this, the control group was made of all brothers of the examined persons who were also aged 18-25 but were not reported by the district constables as regularly excessively drinking. There were 111 brothers meeting these criteria, and they make the control group in the present study. The first part of the study was to verify if the family background of the examined persons and those included in the control group was indeed as negative as presumed. In this case, the hypnothesis was fully confirmed. Among the 311 families of those examined as many as 166 (53,3%) were one-parent or broken families which dated back to the time when the persons under examination had been minors. The families were in general numerous, average being 3 children per family, while there were 88 (28.3%) families with 4 or more children. For the further characterization of the families the data regarding fathers were employed. It turned out that 158 (50.8%) fathers were regularly excessively drinking; in fact in the majority of cases they were alcoholics. At least 98 (31.5%) fathers were convicted by courts and 91 (29.3%) by the Penal Administrative Commissions. Taking all these three characteristics together, it was stated that as many as 194 (62,4%) fathers were regularly excessively drinking or had criminal records. These data point to the large intensity of pathological phenomena in the families of persons under examination and their brothers from the control group. And yet on the other hand, taking into account the social and professional status (education and profession) of the fathers, their situation in this respect was found better than supposed, though they belonged to the lower social classes. The second part of the study deals with the extent of social maladjustment of persons under examination and their brothers from the control group. Apart from the fact that - according to the principles of sample selection - all the persons should have been regular heavy drinkers, the gathered data were verified in respect of their confirmation of this fact. As regularly excessively drinking the persons were recognized who - according to their mother’s statements - got drunk more often than once a week or had been taken into the detoxication entre. There were 253 (76.4%) such persons in the main group and 44 (40%) in the control group. Also, a category of persons who drank most frequently was distinguished, those who were probably alcoholics. In this category there were included persons who - according to their mothers’ statements - got drunk at least twice a week or had been taken into the Detoxication Centre at least three times. There were 122 (37%) such persons in the main group, and 17 (16%) in the control group. As to the symptoms of social maladjustment, they were decidedly greater in the main group than in the control group, which dated back as far as their childhood. And so, for instance, severe school problems (uncompleted elementary education or repeating classes) were found in 60.7% of the examined persons and in 42.3% of their brothers from the control group. 57.1% of the examined persons and 30.6% of their brothers from control group  committed thefts outside their home and respectively 23.9% and 10.8% were placed in reformatories in consequence of their stealing. The differences in the extent of social maladjustment among both groups increased with age, and grew particularly large in the age of adulthood. And so, as many as 57.1% of the examined persons stayed out of work or worked irregularly as compared with 21.6% of their brothers from the control group. Suicidal attempts and self-injuries were performed by 29.3% of persons under scrutiny and by 9% of their brothers from the control group. There are also obvious differences as to the extent of delinquency in both groups. 42% of the persons examined and only 17.1% of their brothers had action brought against them in Penal Administrative Commissions and 60.1% of the persons examined and 28.8% of their brothers were convicted by court. Taking into account those convicted by court only, the percentage of recidivists was 50.8% in the test group and 46.9% in the control group, whereas the character of delinquency was similar in both groups, the majority being violent offences. Considering the fact that the control group consisted of brothers of the examined persons who were also aged 18-25, the great difference in the occurrence of the symptoms of social maladjustment between the two groups should be emphasized. Considering the decidedly negative character of the family background of both the persons examined and their brothers from the control group, the extent of social maladjustment in both groups could have been expected to be similar. On the other hand, it could be assumed that from the very criterion of selection to the main group - that is, from the information that the person in question regularly drank excessively, while there was no such information as to the brothers from the control group - it appears that alcohol is the factor that causes the larger extent of social maladjustment among the persons examined as compared with their brothers from the control group. However, this argument seems doubtful in the light of the data as to the social maladjustment during childhood, when drinking did not as yet come into question. As early as in the childhood, the persons examined manifested symptoms of social maladjustment to a decidedly higher degree than their brothers from the control group. In thus seems more probable that the larger intensity both of drunkness, and of other symptoms of social maladjustment is based on the personality characteristics, which are revealed in the early childhood. It is, however, beyond the limits of the present study to supply documentary evidence for this argument or to point out - on the basis of the empirical data - some individualistic characteristics influencing the subsequent social maladjustment; it will be accomplished in another study. This problem was, however, worthy of attention, being important for the theory as well as for practice, all the more so as the trend now prevails to take into account first of all the environmental factors in preventive and corrective treatment. The material presented above seems to suggest that the extent of social maladjustment among different persons with equally negative family backgrounds is influenced at least to the same and perhaps even greater degree by individual psychological than by environmental factors.
Źródło:
Archiwum Kryminologii; 1982, VIII-IX; 339-362
0066-6890
2719-4280
Pojawia się w:
Archiwum Kryminologii
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Принципы оказания помощи лицам с алкогольной зависимостью
Principles of care for persons with alcohol dependence
Autorzy:
Vozniy, D.V.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1032344.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Kazimierza Wielkiego w Bydgoszczy
Tematy:
алкогольная зависимость
медико-психологическая
помощь
этапность лечения
комплексная терапия
наркология
alcohol addiction
medical and psychological assistance
stages of
treatment
combination therapy
drug and alcohol abuse
Opis:
В статье описана этапность оказания и организация медикопсихологической помощи лицам с алкогольной зависимостью в мире. Рассмотрены основные принципы и методы лечения алкогольной зависимости, которые на данный момент являются наиболее распространенными в амбулаторной и диспансерной практике оказания помощи алкозависимым в мировой практике.
The article describes the phasing of the provision and organization of medical and psychological care for people with alcohol dependence in the world. The basic principles and methods of treatment of alcohol dependence, which are currently the most common in the outpatient dispensary practice and assist alcohol addicted in the world.
Źródło:
Journal of Health Sciences; 2014, 4, 1; 303-312
1429-9623
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Health Sciences
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Osoby niejednokrotnie przebywające w izbie wytrzeźwień
Individuals Taken Repeatedly into a Detoxication Centre
Autorzy:
Batawia, Stanisław
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/699218.pdf
Data publikacji:
1974
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Nauk Prawnych PAN
Tematy:
nadużycie alkoholu
izba wytrzeźwień
abuse of alcohol
detoxication centre
Opis:
In Poland we have at present in towns 29 detoxication centres with 1,226 beds; people found by the police in public places in a state of intoxication are more and more often taken to detoxication centres instead of being arrested and taken into custody (a stay in a public place in the state defined as state of drunkenness is in Poland not subject to penalty). Between 1966-1972 from 60 to 70% of those arrested for drunkenness were throughout the country sent to detoxication centres and not taken into custody. The average annual number of men placed in the Warsaw detoxication centre in the years 1968-1970 amounted to approximately 27,550 and that of women to 1,500. The number of men taken to the centre for a second time during the course of a year amounted to approximately 4,200, and three or more times – 4,500; the number of women placed in a centre for the second time during the course of one year amounted to approximately 200, for the third time or more – to approximately 500. The category of individuals taken to a detoxication centre several times during the course of one year thus is substantial. There were 32%  of men with a least two such stays, and 40% of women from among the total number people taken to the centre. This category of individuals is called habitual drunkenness offenders, which, as we know, exists in many countries. Selected as a sample for the studies, discussed here were not individuals who had repeatedly been taken to the detoxication centre during the course of one and the same year. The idea was to eliminate those individuals as to whom we were sure that they were alcoholics. The research, conducted in 1970 in the detoxication centre in Warsaw by the Department of Criminology of the Polish Academy of Sciences embraced that category of men who during a period of over five and a half years were at least three times taken there and the category of women who during the period of five and a half years were taken there at least twice. Each individual, listed in 1970 by the detoxication centre, in the order they were entered in the book, was checked from the beginning of 1970 in the centre’s records for the past five years (1965-1969) and in such a way material was completed on 500 men who during that period had at least been sent there three times and on 250 women sent there at least twice. Among men taken time and again to the detoxication centre there is a large percentage of older people, because in 1970 as many as 50,5% were over 40 and a mere 11.4% were below 30. The median age of these men amounted to 40.2; we find, as is known, similar figures in publications dealing with the problems of alcoholics. Those taken only three times to the centre amounted to approximately one-fourth of the total number of men, those taken 4-6 times accounted for 37%, 7-9 times – 19% and 10 or more times – 20%. Among the latter category of 98 patients of the centre 52 were taken there 10-15 times, 26 – 16-20 times and 20 – 21 times and more. As results from the above those who were only 3-6 times registered by the centre constitute 61% of the total number, and without taking into account additional data about arrests by the police of the people whose state of intoxication did not require their isolation in a detoxication centre, the true picture of the extent of deviations in the behaviour of the investigated, caused by intoxication would be distorted. That is why the decision was taken to add to the data related about the frequency of stays in the detoxication centre additional data on arrests by the police of men in a state of intoxication, who had been already registered in the centre three times, four times, six times and 8-9 times; it was not considered necessary to introduce analogical procedures for those listed many times during that period in the centre – from 10 to over 21 times, since it is to be assumed that these as a rule are already alcoholics. Taken into account in this respect was not only the period between 1965-1970, but also later years between 1971-1973, in order to find whether excessive drinking of alcohol by the investigated, causing police intervention, did not get worse. It turned out that only with men registered in the centre three times the percentage of those arrested additionally by the police did not surpass the figure of 33, but with those listed by the centre four times – it already amounted to 48%, six times – 55% and 8-9 times – 53%. This shows that beginning with 4 stays in the centre the percentage of people arrested by the police because of drunkenness already amounted to at least approximately 50%. Taking into account the number of arrests, figuring in police records, it was found that those arrested at least 5 times there, were in turn among those listed in the detoxication centre 3, 4, 6 and 8-9 times: 10%, 30%, 32% and 47%; of those listed 10 and more times: 0, 15%, 14%, and 27%. Thus the studied material is the subject of substantial differentiation if, in addition to stays in the detoxication centre, one takes into account arrests by the police and the number of such arrests. Taken into account additionally were court convictions which makes it possible to answer the question, how many men listed in the  centre until the end of 1973, were neither arrested by the police nor convicted by a court for offences, as a rule committed in a state of intoxication. Of such former patients of the centre, without the behaviour patterns, referred to and connected with excessive drinking of alcohol, there remained at the end of 1973: among those listed in the centre 3 times – 44%, among those listed in the centre 4 times – 38%, among those listed in the centre 6 times – 25%, among those listed in the centre 8-9 times – 31% . Distinctly noted was an intensification of deviations in the behaviour in a state of, intoxication in the examined individuals during the course of the last three years (1971-1973). At the end of 1973 over 50% and 60% of the investigated with previous 3 and 4 stays in the centre and approximately 70% beginning with 6 stays in the centre, may without any special objections be considered alcoholics. It should, however, be borne in mind that there exists a large category of alcoholics whose systematic drinking alcohol to excess does not cause a behaviour that requires the intervention of the police and that is why, in regard even to these individuals among the investigated with whom, in addition to frequent stays in the detoxication centre, no other additional negative features were noticed, the suspicion that they may be alcoholics, is nevertheless justified. In this study under discussion here, during which no individual, psychological and medical investigations or environmental research were carried out, these problems could not be properly clarified. 82% of the men who more than once were brought to the detoxication centre were blue-collar workers and only 8.5% – white-collar workers. 63% had regular jobs and 31% worked from time to time or did not work at all (information regarding work is, however, not based on reliable data). The percentage of those who are not working (and those working from time to time) increases together with the number of stays in the centre; amounting to: 18% of those listed three times in the centre, 22% – 4-6 times, 39% – 7-9 times and 55% – 10 times and more. 50% of the men were not convicted by courts, 20% – were once convicted, 16% – 2-3 times and 14% – 4 times and more. Together with the growing frequency of being registered in the centre there also grows the percentage of those convicted by a court   from 42% (3 times listed in the Centre) to 66% (in the group listed 10 times and more). 62% of the men registered in the centre as “not working” were convicted by a court, 69% – of those working from time to time and 40% – of those who were working regularly. Studying the group of men who had been convicted it was found that the late beginning of convictions, only when they were already 30 and more, is found with 31% of those convicted who are 30-39 years old and with as many as 65% among those who are 40-49; in the group with convictions when 50 and older – the first convictions occurred after 50 with all of them. Among the total with convictions only 18% were first convicted when below 21. However, among those offenders who were first convicted at the age of 17-20 we find the largest percentage (4l%) with later convictions amounting to 4 and more. Markedly smaller numbers of the men over 40 have been convicted than is the case among the younger age groups (p < 0.001). However, the percentages of recidivists, convicted 4 times and more are similar in the various age groups, beginning with the age of 30. The above-mentioned data testify above all to the fact that the majority (70%) of men listed time, and again in the detoxication centre, whose median amounted in 1970 already to 40.2 years, either had not previously been convicted at all (50%) or had faced charges only once (20%), while the category of recidivists with multiple convictions is not numerous (14%). The results of studies also testify to the fact that approximately 45% of the total number of those convicted, faced charges for the first time only when they were already 30 years old. Dealing with data on the delinquency of those convicted by a court once and 2-3 times, it was found, that in the structure of their delinquency offences against property did not surpass 22% and 23% of all the offences committed, and offences with physical or verbal aggression and other offences, as a rule also caused by insobriety, amount respectively to 68% and 60% of the committed offences. Among a small group of recidivists, convicted at least 4 times, only 45% of the recidivists committed mainly or exclusively offences against property (larcency), while in the case of 48% there dominated offences with physical and verbal aggression. To the typical offences, with physical aggression belong acts that are not particularly dangerous, such as slight bodily injury, “il-treatrnent of family members” and assaults upon policemen. Within the group referred to above only a very small sub-group of the recidivists with multiple convictions, who committed mainly aggressive acts caused by insobriety, can also found crimes in the form of more serious aggressive acts, such as robbery, serious bodily injuries, brawls, combined with the use of a dangerous instrument. Despite this, even among recidivists with severe degradation there is only an insignificant number of such recidivists who committed at least four offences combined with physical aggression ‒ there were only 7 out of 67 ‒ 10.4%; they constitute a mere 2.8% of the total of convicted persons. The group of recidivists with severe degradation and at least 4 convictions accounts for no more than 28% of the total number of those convicted; the deliquency of the remaining men who are frequently listed in the centre is rather a marginal phenomenon. During the past three years (1971-1973), side by side with the intensification of alcoholism there could be noticed among the investigated an increase in the percentage of those with convictions in the group listed 3 times in the centre from 42% to 49%, in the group listed 4 and 6 times from 44% to 57%  and 62% and in the group listed 8-9 times from 53% to 62%. But the structure of the offences did not undergo any changes ‒ petty offences, that socially are less harmful and caused by insobriety, predominate. Out of the 250 women, listed at least twice in the detoxication centre during the period of 5 and a half years, have been set apart 128 women noted in police records as prostitutes (P) and 122 women about whom such data were lacking (NP). 70% of the P were listed at least 4 times (32% ‒ eight  times or more). 60% of the NP were registered only twice (14% at least 8 times). The prostitutes are younger than the remaining women ‒ the age median of P arnounted to 35.4 years, that of NP ‒ 42.3 years. 48% of the women with the symbor “P” were below the age of 35 years, 24% of the NP. Among the NP as many as 30% were already 50 years old and more (among the P 13%). Those who are not prostitutes thus are considerably older, but among the prostitutes, too, are women from the age groups above 35 years. (Note that while in 1970 there were among the total number of prostitutes, known to the police throughout the whole country, 44% who were at least 31 years old, as many as 73% of the studied prostitutes registered in the Warsaw detoxication centre were at least 30 years old). Prostitutes were often arrested by the police because of drunkenness – only 30% were arrested less than 10 times, 34% from 10 to 29 times and 27% ‒ 30 times and more. Only 32% of those who were not prostitutes were arrested during this same period because of drunkenness, in the following 3 years (1971-1973) ‒ 34% and among the total of the arrested 56% were arrested only 1-2 times and a mere 22% ‒ 10 times and more. Women listed time and again in the centre have much worse data related to education and work than men, listed there from time to time. Among P there were 20% of women with incomplete primary school education, and NP ‒ 39%; 69% of the women had no trade, including P and NP; not working (or working only from time to time) were 72% of the P and 60% of the NP. Data regarding convictions testify to the fact that 64% of those who were not prostitutes had no convictions and only 6% NP were convicted by a court four and more times. Only 28% of the prostitutes had no convictions, 22% were convicted once, 20% ‒ 2-3 times, and 30%, four times and more. The first convictions at an age below 25 were found with 40% of the prostitutes and only with 11% of the NP, 31% of the P had their first conviction at the age of 30 and 7l% of the NP. Those who were not prostitutes as a rule had no convictions and among the few who had faced charges, the beginning of delinquency took place only after 30 (with approximately 30% ‒  only after 40). In the delinquency structure of P as well as NP larcency constitutes only 36% and 33%; undoubtedly this mainly means stealing from men. Most of the offences committed by P and NP are not serious. The material about women obtained from the detoxication centre points to their marked social degradation, probably reaching back to the period preceding their turning into alcoholics and also indicates the deepening of their social degradation, together with age and the intensification of their alcoholism.   *   The results of the research under discussion testify to the fact that the majority even of those who were registered less than 10 times during those five and a half year in the detoxication centre, are certainly already alcoholics. Studies revealed that in addition they had been frequently arrested by the police for drunkenness (though not isolated in detoxication centres) and had faced courts, charged with typical offences for people drinking alcohol to excess. Thus, even less frequent stays in a detoxication centre should already be an indication for the health and social care service to intervene, in order to find alcoholics requiring treatment.
Źródło:
Archiwum Kryminologii; 1974, VI; 70-107
0066-6890
2719-4280
Pojawia się w:
Archiwum Kryminologii
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wskaźniki socjodemograficzne uzależnienia od alkoholu u osób leczonych odwykowo w mieście postindustrialnym
Socio-demographic indicators of alcohol dependence in patients treated for addiction in a post-industrial city
Autorzy:
Kozak, Marcin
Piegza, Magdalena
Ścisło, Piotr
Badura-Brzoza, Karina
Gorczyca, Piotr W.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2162680.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019-04-19
Wydawca:
Instytut Medycyny Pracy im. prof. dra Jerzego Nofera w Łodzi
Tematy:
alkohol
alkoholizm wśród kobiet
nadużywanie alkoholu
wskaźniki socjodemograficzne
miasto postindustrialne
zespół zależności alkoholowej
alcohol
alcoholism among women
alcohol abuse
socio-demographic factors
post-industrial city
alcohol dependence syndrome
Opis:
Wstęp Celem pracy była ocena wpływu miejsca zamieszkania oraz innych wskaźników socjodemograficznych na częstość występowania zespołu zależności alkoholowej (ZZA) w mieście postindustrialnym liczącym > 100 tys. mieszkańców. Materiał i metody Badaniem przeprowadzonym w latach 2004–2012 objęto 431 pacjentów z rozpoznaniem ZZA leczonych ambulatoryjnie lub szpitalnie mieszkających w Bytomiu. Analizowano wiek, płeć, stosunek do pracy, stan cywilny, wykształcenie oraz miejsce zamieszkania w mieście (dzielnica). Większość danych demograficznych uzyskano z Urzędu Miasta. Wyniki Wykazano, że miejsce zamieszkania, płeć, wiek, wykształcenie i status zawodowy wpływają na rozkład występowania ZZA w obrębie dużego miasta postindustrialnego. Wnioski Osoby uzależnione od alkoholu zgłaszające się na leczenie to w większości mężczyźni > 40 r.ż., z niskim wykształceniem, najczęściej bez pracy, zamieszkujący zurbanizowane dzielnice w centrum miasta i poprzemysłową część miasta (obszary najbardziej zagrożone występowaniem ZZA). Zamieszkiwanie w dzielnicy o charakterze podmiejskim może chronić przed uzależnieniem od alkoholu ze względu na mniejsze ryzyko narażenia na czynniki środowiskowe wpływające na rozpowszechnienie ZZA. Dodatkowymi czynnikami ochronnymi są co najmniej średnie wykształcenie oraz praca zarobkowa. Sąsiedztwo osób z ZZA ma szczególnie destrukcyjny wpływ na kobiety, które częściej popadają w uzależnienie w sprzyjającym uzależnieniu środowisku. Med. Pr. 2019;70(2):221–228
Background The aim of the study was to evaluate the influence of the place of living on the prevalence of the alcohol dependence syndrome (ADS) and to find its possible connections with socio-demographic data within a post-industrial city with a population > 100 000 inhabitants. Material and Methods The study was carried out in 2004–2012 on a group of 431 patients living in Bytom with diagnosed ADS treated either in psychiatric wards or in outpatient psychiatric clinics. The patients’ gender, age, employment, marital status, level of education and the fact of living in a given town district were analysed. The majority of the demographic data was obtained from the City Office. Results The study demonstrated the influence of the place of living, age, gender, level of education and employment on the prevalence of ADS in a post-industrial city. Conclusions Alcohol addicts who seek treatment are predominantly men > 40 years of age, with low education, mostly unemployed, living in the urbanized districts within the city center or the post-industrial area of the city, which are the areas with the highest risk of ADS. Living in a suburban neighborhood may protect against alcohol addiction due to the lower risk of exposure to environmental factors contributing to the prevalence of ADS. Additional protective factors include at least secondary education and paid employment prospects. The neighborhood of people with ADS has a particularly devastating effect on women, who are more likely to become addicted in such environments. Med Pr. 2019;70(2):221–8
Źródło:
Medycyna Pracy; 2019, 70, 2; 221-228
0465-5893
2353-1339
Pojawia się w:
Medycyna Pracy
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Uwarunkowania rodzinne zachowań ryzykownych dzieci i młodzieży – analiza wybranych czynników
Family-related conditioning of risky behaviours of children and youth – analysis of selected factors
Autorzy:
Przybysz-Zaremba, Małgorzata
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/550248.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Kardynała Stefana Wyszyńskiego w Warszawie
Tematy:
zachowania ryzykowne (problemowe)
rodzina
wychowanie
migracja zarobkowa
problem nadużywania alkoholu
kontrola rodzicielska
risky (problem) behaviours
family
upbringing
economic migration
problem of alcohol abuse
parental control
Opis:
The text considers the family determinants as the main source of youth risky behaviours. On the basis of chosen research papers I have made a review of the most important factors related to family, which have influence on the displays of minors' risky behaviours. Among others, they included factors of the risk of pathological characteristics (problem of alcohol abuse in the family, drug problems, aggression, violence) and the factors which do not qualify as pathological (parents' economic migration, improper parental control or lack of such). In the conclusion I also referred to some other determinants which can trigger risky behaviours of youth. The final part of this text provides some suggestions which can be useful for prevention and therapeutic actions related to youths' risky behaviours.
Tekst dotyczy uwarunkowań rodzinnych jako głównego źródła zachowań ryzykownych młodzieży. Na podstawie przeglądu (wybranych) badań dokonałam przeglądu najważniejszych czynników związanych z rodziną, mających wpływ na przejawy zachowań ryzykownych nieletnich. Były to m.in. czynniki ryzyka o charakterze patologicznym (problemy nadużywania alkoholu w rodzinie, narkotykowy, agresja, przemoc) oraz nieposiadające znamion patologii (migracja zarobkowa rodziców, niewłaściwa kontrola rodzicielska bądź jej brak). W podsumowaniu ogólnie odniosłam się również do innych czynników, które mogą wpływać na zachowania ryzykowne podejmowane przez młodzież). W części końcowej tekstu skonstruowałam pewne propozycje zaleceń, które mogą być przydatne w działaniach profilaktyczno-terapeutycznych związanych z zachowaniami problemowymi nieletnich.
Źródło:
Forum Pedagogiczne; 2017, 7, 1; 137-148
2083-6325
Pojawia się w:
Forum Pedagogiczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 20

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