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    Tytuł:
    The effect of selected agonists and antagonists of cholinergic receptors on the motor activity of epithelium of Achatina fulica
    Autorzy:
    Kaczorowski, P.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/84665.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Mikołaja Kopernika. Wydział Biologii i Ochrony Środowiska. Stowarzyszenie Malakologów Polskich
    Tematy:
    agonist
    antagonist
    cholinergic receptor
    motor activity
    epithelium
    Achatina fulica
    land snail
    Achatinidae
    giant African snail
    giant African land snail zob.giant African snail
    snail
    Źródło:
    Folia Malacologica; 2016, 24, 1
    1506-7629
    Pojawia się w:
    Folia Malacologica
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Leczenie skojarzone astmy wziewnymi glikokortykosteroidami i β2-agonistami
    Treatment of asthma using combination of inhaled corticosteroids and β2-agonist
    Autorzy:
    Grzelewska-Rzymowska, Iwona
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1031414.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2009
    Wydawca:
    Medical Communications
    Tematy:
    asthma
    combination therapy
    inhaled corticosteroids
    long acting β2-agonist
    maintenance and reliever medication
    astma
    wziewne glikokortykosteroidy
    długo działający β2-agoniści
    leczenie kombinowane
    leczenie przewlekłe i „na żądanie”
    Opis:
    This review assesses the evidence regarding the use asthma-treatment with combination long-acting β2-agonist (LAβA) and inhaled corticosteroid (ICS). The first line-treatment in asthma is inhaled corticosteroid. The integral part of asthma management is β2-agonist, which present the strongest bronchodilators. Currently, two long-acting β2-agonist – salmeterol and formoterol are widely available. Recently several clinical studies have proved that LAβAs in combination with ICS are effective and safe option in asthma management. GINA guidelines recommend the addition of LAβAs to a low and medium dose ICS, when low doses of ICS do not allow to achieve control of asthma symptoms. From some clinical trials we have knowledge that LAβAs given in combination with ICS demonstrate that addition LAβAs is more beneficial in control asthma symptoms than doubling dose of ICS. Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of the airways with their hyperresponsiveness. The clinical course of asthma is usually different in different patients and even in the same subject. In normal clinical practice, a maintenance dose of ICS appropriate to the severity of the patient’s asthma of either combination of ICS and LAâA is administered twice daily, and a separate â2-agonist (SAâA – short acting â2-agonist) is used as needed to relieve asthma symptoms. Recently a new model of combination of ICS budesonide and LAâA (formoterol) in one inhaler has been proposed. This model is called SMART (Single Maintenance and Reliever Therapy). In this treatment concept combination budesonide/formoterol in one inhaler is used for both maintenance and as-needed therapy for symptoms relief, without a separate rescue medication. Several clinical trials have shown that SMART method reduced the risk of severe exacerbations and was well tolerated. This method has a beneficial role in patients who remain symptomatic despite treatment with combination maintenance therapy.
    Dokonany w tym artykule przegląd badań ocenia dowody dotyczące leczenia astmy kombinacją wziewnych glikokortykosteroidów (wGKS) i długo działających β2-agonistów (LAβA). Za leki pierwszego wyboru w astmie uznaje się wGKS. Integralną częścią leczenia astmy są β2-agoniści, najsilniejsze leki rozszerzające oskrzela. Obecnie dostępne są dwa leki z grupy długo działających β2-agonistów – formoterol i salmeterol. W kilku badaniach klinicznych udowodniono, że kombinacja wGKS i LAβA stanowi skuteczną i bezpieczną opcję w leczeniu astmy. Raporty GINA zalecają dodanie LAβA do małych i średnich dawek wGKS, co pozwala na uzyskanie kontroli astmy. Także z badań klinicznych uzyskaliśmy wiedzę, że kombinacja wGKS i LAβA daje większe korzyści w kontroli objawów astmy niż dwukrotnie większa dawka wGKS. Astma jest przewlekłą chorobą zapalną z rozwojem nadreaktywności oskrzeli. Przebieg kliniczny astmy jest zazwyczaj inny u różnych chorych, a nawet u tej samej osoby. W praktyce klinicznej choremu zaleca się podawanie stałych dawek wGKS, odpowiednich do stopnia ciężkości astmy, lub kombinacji wGKS i LAβA dwa razy dziennie i dodatkowo krótko działającego β2-agonisty „według potrzeby” (lub „na żądanie”) dla złagodzenia objawów astmy. Ostatnio wprowadzono nowy model stosowania kombinacji wGKS i LAβA (budezonid/formoterol) – tzw. SMART (Single Maintenance and Reliever Therapy). Jest to połączenie leków według koncepcji SMART stosowane zarówno w leczeniu przewlekłym dwa razy dziennie, jak i „według potrzeby” dla złagodzenia objawów bez dodatkowego stosowania leków tylko przynoszących ulgę. Badania kliniczne wykazały, że metoda SMART zmniejsza ryzyko ostrych zaostrzeń i jest dobrze tolerowana. Metoda ta ma korzystne działanie u pacjentów, u których utrzymują się objawy astmy pomimo leczenia kombinacją leków stosowanych tylko w leczeniu przewlekłym.
    Źródło:
    Pediatria i Medycyna Rodzinna; 2009, 5, 3; 178-185
    1734-1531
    2451-0742
    Pojawia się w:
    Pediatria i Medycyna Rodzinna
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Impact of COVID-19 on drug markets, use, harms and drug services in Europe
    Autorzy:
    Pirona, Alessandro
    Matias, João
    Montanari, Linda
    Skarupova, Katerina
    Ferri, Marica
    Giraudon, Isabelle
    Mounteney, Jane
    Sleiman, Sandrine
    Natoniewska, Katarzyna
    Guarita, Bruno
    Vandam, Liesbeth
    Surmont, Tim
    Griffiths, Paul
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2195717.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2022-05-27
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Gdański. Instytut Geografii
    Tematy:
    COVID-19
    drugs
    drug markets
    drug use
    pandemic
    drug-related harms
    drug treatment
    harm reduction
    opioid agonist treatment
    Opis:
    Since early 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic has had a dramatic impact on the way we live, with European countries having to introduce unprecedented measures to protect public health. As with all areas of life, drug consumption, related harms and drug markets have been impacted, as have the drug services established to respond to drug-related problems. Since the start of the pandemic in March 2020, the European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction instigated three rapid assessment studies to identify the initial impact and implications of COVID-19 on drug markets, use, harms and drug services in the community and in prisons. Findings from these studies revealed that the pandemic and associated health prevention measures implemented by the countries impacted drug markets and use differently depending on the different periods and events throughout the pandemic, but also according to particular drugs or user characteristics. Most drug services remained operational throughout the pandemic in order to assure continuity of care. This was achieved by innovation and adaptation of their services, especially during the different lockdown periods. Thus, the results from these rapid assessments provide a glimpse into new developments in the drugs field across European countries emerging both during and in response to the pandemic, and which could have important implications for the future.
    Źródło:
    Journal of Geography, Politics and Society; 2022, 12, 1; 4-7
    2084-0497
    2451-2249
    Pojawia się w:
    Journal of Geography, Politics and Society
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Functionalized cellulose as a matrix for the synthesis of library of molecular receptors useful for screening of compounds with anti-histamine activity
    Autorzy:
    Walczak, M. E.
    Frączyk, J.
    Kamiński, Z. J.
    Kolesińska, B.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/285956.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Akademia Górniczo-Hutnicza im. Stanisława Staszica w Krakowie. Polskie Towarzystwo Biominerałów
    Tematy:
    molecular receptors
    immobilized peptides
    binding pocket
    agonist/antagonist
    histamine receptors
    Opis:
    The library of molecular receptors was formed by self-organization of N-heptanoylated dipeptides anchored in the regular fashion via aminophenylamino- 1,3,5-triazine linker to the surface of cellulose membrane. SPOT method was used for the synthesis of peptide library. As C-terminal amino acids of peptide fragments were attached: Ala, Pro and Phe, while as a N-terminal amino acids were applied all natural amino acids. DMT/NMM/TosO- was selected as a coupling reagent for synthesis of library of N-heptanoylated dipeptides. These constructs were used as a tool for distinguishing pharmaceutically active compounds acting on histamine receptors. In the studies as active compounds were tested: Doxylamine and Difenhydramine with histamine agonist activity, Ranitidine and Cimetidine with antagonist activity as well as Histamine – natural ligand. The binding of colourless ligands was monitored by staining with Brilliant Black used as reporter dye and quantitative colour measurement was performed in 256 grade gray scale by using Image-Quant software. Substantial differences in the ability of interactions of agonists and antagonists with bounding pockets were observed with selected molecular receptors. From 60 elements library of molecular receptors were selected 12, which were able to distinguish between agonists or antagonists. It has been found that even small changes (Leu residue vs Val residue) in the structure of molecular receptor influenced specificity of agonist or antagonist binding.
    Źródło:
    Engineering of Biomaterials; 2017, 20, 142; 2-6
    1429-7248
    Pojawia się w:
    Engineering of Biomaterials
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Enhancement of constructivist and procedural concepts of good citizenship and civic identity in the Czech educational framework
    Autorzy:
    Květina, Jan
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2028021.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2022-03-15
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
    Tematy:
    civic education
    Czech schooling system
    ethnic nationalism
    constructivism
    procedural concept of democracy
    agonist democracy
    concept of liberty
    Opis:
    This paper identifies the main flaws, dilemmas and challenges concerning the concept of civic education and teaching democracy in the Czech schooling system after 1989. Special focus is placed on the urgent need for the application of more pluralist, constructivist and procedural approaches that would enhance the traditional concepts of social science education based on facts and typologies. In this regard, methods and trends promoting the principle of civic education as a multidimensional and everyday phenomenon are applied, since such understanding of civic identity has become even more urgent in recent two years with the reflection of issues concerning the SARS‑CoV‑2 situation. To suggest and analyse possible means to this end, the study outlines two dominant causes of the low prestige and effectivity of civic education in the Czech Republic: first, the implicitly ideological and universalist character of the current national curriculum, which is not able to accept social values as a permanently flowing and contextually based discourse; second, the prevalence of ethnic attributes in the process of national identification which impede any relevant efforts to treat collective identity and citizenship in an open pluralist way. Nonetheless, the main focus of the paper lies in its empirical part where the fundamental pillars and particular activities from the current EU project—realised at several Czech universities and grammar schools in recent three years—are both presented and analysed. On the basis of this project analysis, the paper aims to demonstrate that together with the implementation of procedural, interpretative and constructivist understanding of social reality, even more radical questions—linked to postmodern democratic theory—such as the notion of agonist democracy, the impact of social networks, the reflection of instrumental manipulative behaviour as well as more unbiased interpretations of human liberty should be addressed in the Czech current educational discourse as well.
    Źródło:
    Society Register; 2022, 6, 2; 35-60
    2544-5502
    Pojawia się w:
    Society Register
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-5 z 5

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