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Tytuł:
The application of High-Speed camera (HS), acoustic analysis and Voice Handicap Index (VHI) questionnaire in diagnosis of voice disorders in elderly men
Autorzy:
Kosztyła-Hojna, Bożena
Zdrojkowski, Maciej
Duchnowska, Emilia
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1397805.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Index Copernicus International
Tematy:
acoustic voice analysis
HSDI
hypofunctional dysphonia
presbyphonia
vocal fold atrophy
Opis:
Objective: The process of ageing begins after 60 years of age and is referred to as presbyphonia (Vox senium). The causes include functional or organic voice disorders, often coexisting with dry upper respiratory tract infection. Introduction: The aim of the study is the use of high-speed camera and acoustic voice analysis in diagnostics of the clinical form of presbyphonia. M aterials and methods: The study included a group of 50 men, non-smokers, age from 51 to 72, who do not use their voice professionally. High-Speed Digital Imaging and HS camera have been used, allowing evaluation of real vibrations of vocal folds, along with acoustic voice analysis using a software by DiagNova Technologies. Results: VHI questionnaire has been used for self-assessment of voice disability. Visualizations of the larynx enabled recognition of hypofunctional dysphonia or atrophy of vocal folds that cause voice disorders. This was confirmed by parameters of voice acoustic evaluation: F0, NHR, narrowband spectrography. The pathological value of NHR and the presence of nonharmonic components in the range of high frequency levels indicated glottal insufficiency, recorded with the visualization technique of the larynx by HS camera. A significant shortening of maximum phonation time in relation to the control group has also been recorded. Discussion: The objective examination of voice pathology is crucial in diagnosis and rehabilitation, however, subjective assessment of the patient is important in the scope of the procedure used. The patient’s subjective self-rating assessment (VHI) confirmed the sense of voice disorders in elderly men, indicating the need for rapid and accurate clinical diagnosis.
Źródło:
Polish Journal of Otolaryngology; 2019, 73, 5; 25-30
0030-6657
2300-8423
Pojawia się w:
Polish Journal of Otolaryngology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Perceptual and acoustic voice analysis in patients with glottis cancer after endoscopic laser cordectomy
Autorzy:
Kosztyła-Hojna, Bożena
Łuczaj, Jarosław
Berger, Greta
Duchnowska, Emilia
Zdrojkowski, Maciej
Łobaczuk-Sitnik, Anna
Biszewska, Jolanta
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1397318.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Index Copernicus International
Tematy:
laser cordectomy
glottis cancer
voice quality
voice acoustic analysis
Opis:
Introduction: Treatment of glottis cancer, despite oncological safety, should consider postoperative voice quality. CO2 laser endoscopic cordectomy allows radical removal of the tumor while maintaining respiratory, defensive and phonatory functions. The aim: The aim of the study is perceptual and acoustic evaluation of voice in patients after endoscopic CO2 III–Va laser cordectomy due to glottis cancer. Material and method: The study included 30 men after CO2 cordectomy. 13 (43%) patients underwent type III cordectomy, 6 (20%) – type IV; 11 (37%) – type Va. Voice quality has been assessed 6 months after the surgery. Control group included 30 healthy men of the same age. GRBAS scale has been used in perceptual evaluation of voice. Acoustic analysis has been performed using DiagnoScope Specjalista software. Narrowband spectrography and Maximum Phonation Time (MPT) measure has been performed. Results: In study group, voice has been classified as G1R1B0A0S0 after type III cordectomy; as G1R1B1A1S2 in type IV and as G2R1B1A0S3 in type Va. Acoustic evaluation revealed the highest values of F0, Jitter, Shimmer and NHR after Va cordectomy as well as non-harmonic components in narrowband spectrography and reduction of MPT. Conclusions: Postoperative voice quality depends on the type of cordectomy. Perceptual assessment indicates that type IV and Va cordectomy cause intensification of voice disorders. Parameters of acoustic evaluation increase with the extent of the procedure. The presence of non-harmonic components in narrowband spectrography increases with the extent of cordectomy, such as the reduction of MPT. Preservation of anterior commissure influences good voice quality in perceptual and acoustic assessment.
Źródło:
Polish Journal of Otolaryngology; 2020, 74, 3; 23-28
0030-6657
2300-8423
Pojawia się w:
Polish Journal of Otolaryngology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Acoustic Parameters in the Evaluation of Voice Quality of Choral Singers. Prototype of Mobile Application for Voice Quality Evaluation
Autorzy:
Szklanny, Krzysztof
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/178097.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czasopisma i Monografie PAN
Tematy:
web application
voice analysis
voice quality
acoustic analysis
COVAREP
Opis:
Choral singers are among intensive voice users whose excessive vocal effort puts them at risk of developing voice disorders. The aim of the work was to assess voice quality for choral singers in the choir at the Polish-Japanese Academy of Information Technology. This evaluation was carried out using the acoustic parameters from the COVAREP (A Collaborative Voice Analysis Repository For Speech Technologies) repository. A prototype of a mobile application was also prepared to allow the calculation of these parameters. The study group comprised 6 male and 19 female choir singers. The control group consisted of health non-singing individuals, 50 men and 39 women. Auditory perceptual assessment (using the RBH scale) as well as acoustic analysis were used to test the voice quality of all the participants. The voice quality of the female choir singers proved to be normal in comparison with the control group. The male choir singers were found to have tense voice in comparison with the controls. The parameters which proved most effective for voice evaluation were Peak Slope and Normalized Amplitude Quotient.
Źródło:
Archives of Acoustics; 2019, 44, 3; 439-446
0137-5075
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Acoustics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Acoustic and capacity analysis of the vocal organ in patients with functional and organic larynx disorders using the DiagnoScope Specialist software
Autorzy:
Owczarek, Kalina
Niewiadomski, Piotr
Olszewski, Jurek
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1397511.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Index Copernicus International
Tematy:
acoustic and capacity analysis
singing voice
Opis:
Aim: The aim of the study was to assess the acoustic and capacity analysis of singing voice using DiagnoScope Specialist software. Material and methods: The study was conducted in 131 adult subjects, including 74 women and 46 men aged 21–51, divided into 3 groups: I – 40 subjects (treatment group) – professional vocalists, II – 40 subjects (treatment group) – semiprofessional vocalists, III – 40 subjects (control group) – students of The Military Medical Faculty at the Medical University of Lodz – nonsingers. The research methodology included: primary medical history, physical examination (otolaryngological), videolaryngoscopic examination, the GRBAS scale for subjective voice evaluation, diagnostic voice acoustic and capacity analysis using DiagnoScope Specialist software, survey on lifestyle patterns which may affect voice quality. R esults: Average value of the fundamental frequency F0 was the highest in professional vocalists group; it was 316.46 Hz in women and 165.09 Hz in men. In semiprofessional vocalists group it was accordingly 260.50 Hz and 149.26 Hz, in nonsingers group it was accordingly 261.23 Hz and 159.27 Hz. The mean value of Jitter parameter in professional vocalists group was 0.30% in women and 0.54% in men, in semiprofessional vocalists group it was accordingly 0.31% and 0.57%, in nonsingers group it was 0.31% and 0.56%. The mean value of Shimmer parameter in professional vocalists group was 3.27% in women and 3.75% in men, in semiprofessional vocalists group it was accordingly 3.46% and 3.77%, in nonsingers group it was 4.33% and 4.39%. The mean value of the NHR index in professional vocalists group was 3.28% in women and 6.00% in men, in semiprofessional vocalists group it was accordingly 3.23% and 6.72%, in nonsingers group it was 3.89% and 6.13%. Conclusions: Values of the parameters which measure the character of the voice, relative period-to-period fundamental frequency perturbations, relative period-to-period amplitude perturbation and level of buzzing together with other methods have diagnostic and predictive value in early detection of voice disorders. Capacity analysis in singing voice showed very low values of the following parameters: phonation time, true phonation time, no phonation coefficient, voice efficiency coefficient and voice capacity.
Źródło:
Polish Journal of Otolaryngology; 2019, 73, 4; 21-28
0030-6657
2300-8423
Pojawia się w:
Polish Journal of Otolaryngology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The usefulness of the acoustic and the capacity analysis of singing voice
Autorzy:
Nowosielska-Grygiel, Joanna
Olszewski, Jurek
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1397792.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Index Copernicus International
Tematy:
acoustic and capacity analysis
singing voice
Opis:
Abstract Introduction: The aim of the study was to assess the acoustic and capacity analysis of singing voice using DiagnoScope Specialist software. Material and methods: The study was conducted in 120 adults subjects, including 74 women and 46 men aged 21-5, were divided into 3 groups: I -40 subjects (treatment group) – professional vocalists, II- 40 subjects (treatment group) – semiprofessional vocalists, III- 40 subjects (control group) – students of The Military Medical Faculty at Medical University of Lodz – nonsingers. The research methodology included: primary medical history, physical examination (otolaryngological), vdeolaryngoscopic examination, the GRBAS scale for subjective voice evaluation, diagnostic voice acoustic and capacity analysis using DiagnoScope Specialist software, survey on lifestyle patterns which may affect voice quality. Results: Average value of the fundamental frequency F0 was the highest in professional vocalists’ group was 316,46 Hz in women and 165,09 Hz in men, in semiprofessional vocalists’ group was accordingly 260,50 Hz and 149,26 Hz, in nonsingers’ group was accordingly 261,23 Hz and 159, 27 Hz. Average value of Jitter parameter in professional vocalists’ group was 0,30% in women and 0,54% in men, in semiprofessional vocalists’ group was accordingly 0,31% and 0,57%, in nonsingers’ group was 0,31% and 0,56%. Average value of Shimmer parameter in professional vocalists’ group was 3,27% in women and 3,75% in men, in semiprofessional vocalists’ group was accordingly 3,46% and 3,77%, in nonsingers’ group was 4,33% and 4,39%. Average value of NHR index in professional vocalists’ group was 3,28% in women and 6,00% in men, in semiprofessional vocalists’ group was accordingly 3,23% and 6,72%, in nonsingers’ group was 3,89% and 6,13%. Conclusions: Values of the parameters which are measuring the character of the voice, relative period-to-period fundamental frequency perturbations, relative period-to-period amplitude perturbation and level of buzzing together with other methods have diagnostic and predictive value in early detection of voice disorders. Capacity analysis in singing voice showed very low values of the following parameters: phonation time, true phonation time, no phonation coefficient, voice efficiency coefficient and voice capacity. Key words: The acoustic and capacity analysis, singing voice
Źródło:
Polish Journal of Otolaryngology; 2019, 73, 3; 16-25
0030-6657
2300-8423
Pojawia się w:
Polish Journal of Otolaryngology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Analysis of voice quality parameters in patients with vestibular voice
Autorzy:
Kosztyła-Hojna, Bożena
Łobaczuk-Sitnik, Anna
Zdrojkowski, Maciej
Duchnowska, Emilia
Moskal-Jasińska, Diana
Kraszewska, Anna
Twarowska, Anna
Biszewska, Jolanta
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1397791.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Index Copernicus International
Tematy:
vestibular voice
videolaryngostroboscopy
High Speed Digital Imaging
acoustic analysis
Opis:
Abstract Vestibular voice includes participation of larynx structures which are absent in physiological process. Vestibular phonation may be desired when vocal folds are damaged as in paralytic dysphonia, or undesired in marginal hyperfunction. Vestibular voice may result from psychogenic dysphonia – phononeurosis. The aim of the study is perceptive evaluation of vestibular voice, objective larynx visualization, acoustic and aerodynamic examination. The study included 40 patients: 20 with vestibular voice, 20 with euphonic voice. Voice quality has been evaluated using perceptual GRBAS scale. Endoscopic and stroboscopic larynx examination used Endo-STROB-EL-Xion GmbH with visual tract. High-Speed Digital Imaging (HSDI) and High Speed (HS) camera registered true vocal folds vibrations. Acoustic evaluation of voice with DiagnoScope Specjalista, DiagNova Technologies included analysis of F0, Jitter, Shimmer, NHR, nonharmonic components. MPT has been analyzed. In examined group, hoarseness (95%), roughness (75%) and voice strain (55%) have been recorded. Endoscopy revealed edema of vestibular folds with dilation of vessels covering glottis. Stroboscopy and HSDI confirmed coexistence of hyperfunctional (95%) or paralytic (5%) dysphonia. Acoustic assessment revealed increase in Jitter, Shimmer, NHR and decrease in F0 and MPT. The vestibular voice is observed most frequently in women with hyperfunctional dysphonia (phononeuroses) or in paralytic dysphonia. Visualization techniques confirm the coexistence of vestibular folds hypertrophy and edema with vibration disorders. In the perceptual assessment, vestibular voice was hoarse, rough and strained. Acoustic examination showed increase of Jitter, Shimmer, NHR, presence of nonharmonic components and decrease of F0 and MPT.
Źródło:
Polish Journal of Otolaryngology; 2019, 73, 3; 11-15
0030-6657
2300-8423
Pojawia się w:
Polish Journal of Otolaryngology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Speech Analysis as a Tool for Detection and Monitoring of Medical Conditions : A review
Autorzy:
Igras-Cybulska, Magdalena
Hemmerling, Daria
Ziółko, Mariusz
Datka, Wojciech
Stogowska, Ewa
Kucharski, Michał
Rzepka, Rafał
Ziółko, Bartosz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/31339837.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czasopisma i Monografie PAN
Tematy:
speech analysis
speech features
acoustic parameters
linguistic analysis
voice biomarkers
screening test
Opis:
The goal of this article is to present and compare recent approaches which use speech and voice analysis as biomarkers for screening tests and monitoring of some diseases. The article takes into account metabolic, respiratory, cardiovascular, endocrine, and nervous system disorders. A selection of articles was performed to identify studies that assess voice features quantitatively in selected disorders by acoustic and linguistic voice analysis. Information was extracted from each paper in order to compare various aspects of datasets, speech parameters, methods of applied analysis and obtained results. 110 research papers were reviewed and 47 databases were summarized. Speech analysis is a promising method for early diagnosis of certain disorders. Advanced computer voice analysis with machine learning algorithms combined with the widespread availability of smartphones allows diagnostic analysis to be conducted during the patient’s visit to the doctor or at the patient’s home during a telephone conversation. Speech analysis is a simple, low-cost, non-invasive and easy-toprovide method of medical diagnosis. These are remarkable advantages, but there are also disadvantages. The effectiveness of disease diagnoses varies from 65% up to 99%. For that reason it should be treated as a medical screening test and should be an indication of the need for classic medical tests.
Źródło:
Archives of Acoustics; 2023, 48, 3; 289-315
0137-5075
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Acoustics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Application of High Speed Digital Imaging (HSDI) technique and voice acoustic analysis in the diagnosis of the clinical form of Presbyphonia in women
Autorzy:
Kosztyła-Hojna, Bożena
Duchnowska, Emilia
Zdrojkowski, Maciej
Łobaczuk-Sitnik, Anna
Biszewska, Jolanta
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1397305.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Index Copernicus International
Tematy:
acoustic analysis
clinical voice assessment
High-Speed Digital Imaging
Presbyphonia
vocal folds vibration
voice changes
Opis:
Introduction: The aging process of voice begins after the age of 60 and has an individually variable course. Voice quality disorders at this age are called senile voice (Presbyphonia or Vox Senium). Voice pathology is particularly severe in women. The aim of the study was to diagnose the clinical form of Presbyphonia in elderly women using High Speed Digital Imaging (HSDI) and acoustic voice analysis. Material and methods: Study included 50 elderly women (average age 69) with dysphonia (Group I). Control group (Group II) included 30 women (average age 71) without voice quality disorders. Visualization assessment has been conducted with High Speed Digital Imaging (HSDI) with High Speed camera (HS). Acoustic evaluation of voice included analysis isolated vowel “a” and continuous linguistic text with Diagnoscope Specialista software. Maximum Phonation Time (MPT) has been determined. Results: In Group I, 78% of women revealed vocal folds vibrations asymmetry, vibration amplitude increase, Mucousal Wave (MW) limitation and Type D glottal insufficiency (GTs). Acoustic voice analysis proved decrease in F0, increase in Jitter, Shimmer, NHR. In 22% of women, next to vibrations asymmetry, vibration amplitude reduction and MW limitation, Type E glottal insufficiency (GTs) have been found. Acoustic voice analysis revealed slight decrease in F0 and the presence of numerous non-harmonic components in the glottis region. Conclusions: Vocal folds visualization with HSDI showed edema, less often atrophy in elderly women. Both forms of dysphonia were caused abnormal values of F0, Jitter, Shimmer, NHR in the acoustic voice evaluation and significant reduction of MPT.
Źródło:
Polish Journal of Otolaryngology; 2020, 74, 5; 24-30
0030-6657
2300-8423
Pojawia się w:
Polish Journal of Otolaryngology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Nieliniowa analiza akustyczna w ocenie zawodowych zaburzeń głosu
Nonlinear acoustic analysis in the evaluation of occupational voice disorders
Autorzy:
Niebudek-Bogusz, Ewa
Grygiel, Jacek
Strumiłło, Paweł
Śliwińska-Kowalska, Mariola
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2168398.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014-10-29
Wydawca:
Instytut Medycyny Pracy im. prof. dra Jerzego Nofera w Łodzi
Tematy:
nieliniowa analiza akustyczna
zawodowe zaburzenia głosu
łagodne zmiany przerostowe fałdów głosowych
ŁZFG
nonlinear acoustic analysis
occupational voice disorders
benign vocal fold masses
BVFM
Opis:
Wprowadzenie: W ostatnich latach podkreśla się, że tworzenie głosu podlega również procesom nieliniowym, powodującym aperiodyczne drgania fałdów głosowych. Drgania te nie zawsze można scharakteryzować za pomocą konwencjonalnych parametrów akustycznych, takich jak wskaźniki perturbacji częstotliwości i amplitudy. Z tego powodu wzrasta zainteresowanie nieliniowymi metodami analizy akustycznej. Celem pracy była ocena możliwości zastosowania nieliniowej analizy cepstralnej z wyznaczaniem współczynników cepstralnych (mel frequency cepstral coefficients - MFCC) w diagnozowaniu zawodowych zaburzeń głosu. Materiał i metody: Badaniami objęto 275 próbek głosów patologicznych (głoski „a" w przedłużonej fonacji oraz 4 standaryzowanych zdań) rejestrowanych u nauczycielek z zawodowo uwarunkowanymi łagodnymi zmianami przerostowymi fałdów głosowych (tj. guzkami głosowymi, polipami) oraz 200 próbek głosów prawidłowych kobiet z grupy kontrolnej. Średnia wieku grupy badanej wynosiła 45 lat, a grupy kontrolnej - 43 lata. W badaniach wykonano analizę próbek głosowych za pomocą nieliniowej analizy akustycznej, w której zastosowano parametry MFCC. Wyniki: Po klasyfikacji MFCC przy pomocy odwzorowania Sammona oraz tzw. Maszyny Wektorów Nośnych uzyskano dużą trafność badanej metody. W testach wykonanych dla 475 zarejestrowanych próbek głosu zaburzenia głosu zostały wykryte z 91-procentową czułością i 83-procentową specyficznością dla głoski „a", a dla badanych zdań z czułością i specyficznością w granicach 87-100%. Wnioski: Nieliniowa analiza akustyczna z zastosowaniem współczynników MFCC może być przydatnym, obiektywnym narzędziem potwierdzającym zmiany patologiczne głośni o podłożu zawodowym. Prowadzone są dalsze badania w tym kierunku. Med. Pr. 2013;64(1):29–35
Background: Over recent years numerous papers have stressed that production of voice is subjected to the nonlinear processes, which cause aperiodic vibrations of vocal folds. These vibrations cannot always be characterized by means of conventional acoustic parameters, such as measurements of frequency and amplitude perturbations. Thus, special attention has recently been paid to nonlinear acoustic methods. The aim of this study was to assess the applicability of nonlinear cepstral analysis, including the evaluation of mel cepstral coefficients (MFCC), in diagnosing occupational voice disorders. Material and methods: The study involved 275 voice samples of pathologic voice (sustained vowel "a" and four standardized sentences) registered in female teachers with the occupation-related benign vocal fold masses (BVFM), such as vocal nodules, polyps, and 200 voice samples of normal voices from the control group of females. The mean age of patients and controls was similar (45 vs. 43 years). Voice samples from both groups were analyzed, including MFCC evaluation. Results: MFCC classification using the Sammon Mapping and Support Vector Machines yielded a considerable accuracy of the test. Voice pathologies were detected in 475 registered voice samples: for vowel "a" with 86% sensitivity and 90% specificity, and for the examined sentences the corresponding values varied between 87% and 100%, respectively. Conclusions: Nonlinear voice analysis with application of mel cepstral coefficients could be a useful and objective tool for confirming occupational-related lesions of the glottis. Further studies addressing this problem are being carried out. Med Pr 2013;64(1):29–35
Źródło:
Medycyna Pracy; 2013, 64, 1; 29-35
0465-5893
2353-1339
Pojawia się w:
Medycyna Pracy
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Diagnostic significance of phase spectrum in acoustic analysis of pathological voice
Diagnostyczne znaczenie widma fazowego w analizie akustycznej głosu patologicznego
Autorzy:
Samborska-Owczarek, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/153586.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Stowarzyszenie Inżynierów i Techników Mechaników Polskich
Tematy:
analiza akustyczna
sygnał mowy
przetwarzanie mowy
częstotliwość podstawowa
widmo fazowe
ekstrakcja cech
GIRBAS
acoustic analysis
voice signal
speech processing
fundamental frequency
F0
phase spectrum
features extraction
Opis:
The paper regards the possibility of using new numerical features extracted from the phase spectrum of a speech signal for voice quality estimation in acoustic analysis for medical purposes. This novel approach does not require detection or estimation of the fundamental frequency and works on all types of speech signal: euphonic, dysphonic and aphonic as well. The experiment results presented in the paper are very promising: the developed F0-independant voice features are strongly correlated with two voice quality indicators: grade of hoarseness G (r>0.8) and roughness R (r>0.75) from GIRBAS scale, and exceed the standard voice parameters: jitter and shimmer.
Artykuł dotyczy możliwości ekstrakcji cech numerycznych z widma fazowego sygnału mowy w celu wykorzystania w analizie akustycznej na potrzeby medyczne. Podejście to umożliwia uzależnienie analizy akustycznej od zawodnych metod wykrywania/wyznaczania częstotliwości podstawowej (tonu krtaniowego) i dzięki temu przeznaczone jest do badania wszystkich typów sygnału mowy (również afonicznych). Wyniki eksperymentu są bardzo obiecujące - proponowane cechy Ph1 i Ph2 są silnie skorelowane z dwoma kategoriami percepcyjnymi: stopniem chrypki (r>0.8) oraz szorstkością głosu (r>0.75) ze skali GIRBAS, wykazując silniejsze znaczenie diagnostyczne niż znane i stosowane od dawna wskaźniki jitter i shimmer. Proponowane podejście oprócz skuteczności charakteryzuje się szeregiem dodatkowych korzyści: algorytm metody z powodu niskiej złożoności jest szybki i niekosztowny, interpretacja matematyczna jest prosta i jednoznaczna oraz spójna z obserwowanym obrazem widma fazowego głosu. Ponadto uniezależnienie od detekcji częstotliwości podstawowej sprawia, że algorytm jest deterministyczny oraz efektywny dla każdego typu sygnału mowy.
Źródło:
Pomiary Automatyka Kontrola; 2010, R. 56, nr 12, 12; 1547-1550
0032-4140
Pojawia się w:
Pomiary Automatyka Kontrola
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
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