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    Wyświetlanie 1-12 z 12
    Tytuł:
    Calculated neutron energy dependence of the dose-response of large recombination chamber
    Autorzy:
    Tymińska, Katarzyna
    Gryziński, Michał A.
    Maciak, Maciej
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/146700.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    ambient absorbed dose
    Monte Carlo
    recombination chamber
    Opis:
    A model of REM-2-type chamber was modeled with MCNPX code to study the dose-response to monoenergetic neutrons in wide energy range from thermal to 20 MeV for various compositions of gas in the chamber. The energy dependence of the total dose absorbed in the fi lling gas was compared with the energy dependence of ambient absorbed dose D*(10) and with experimental data. The results of the studies will be useful for designing new, improved generation of recombination chambers.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2019, 64, 4; 117-121
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Natural radioactivity in building materials in Iran
    Autorzy:
    Mehdizadeh, S.
    Faghihi, R.
    Sina, S.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/147658.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2011
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    gamma spectroscopy
    absorbed dose rate
    annual effective dose
    hazard index
    Opis:
    This work presents a comprehensive study of natural radioactivity in building materials used in Iran. For this purpose, 177 samples of five types of building material, i.e. cement, gypsum, cement blocks, gravel and brick, were gathered from different regions of the country and analyzed by gamma spectroscopy to quantify radioactivity concentrations using a high purity germanium (HPGe) detector and a spectroscopy system. According to the results of this investigation, cement samples had maximum values of the mean Ra-226 and Th-232 concentrations, 39.6 and 28.9 Bq/kg, respectively, while the lowest value for mean concentration of these two radionuclides were found in gypsum samples 8.1 and 2.2 Bq/kg, respectively. The highest (851.4 Bq/kg) and lowest (116.2 Bq/kg) value of K-40 mean concentration were found in brick and gypsum samples, respectively. The absorbed dose rate and the annual effective dose were also calculated from the radioactivity content of the radionuclides. The results show that the maximum values of dose rate and annual effective dose equivalent were 53.72 nGy/h and 0.37 mSv/y in brick samples. The radium equivalent activities Req calculated were below the permissible level of 370 Bq/kg for all building materials. The values of hazard indexes were below the recommended levels, therefore, it is concluded that the buildings constructed from such materials are safe for the inhabitants. The results of this study are consistent with the results of other investigations in different parts of the world.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2011, 56, 4; 363-368
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    On the role of LET-dependent parameters in the determination of the absorbed dose by in-phantom recombination chambers
    Autorzy:
    Golnik, N.
    Maciak, G.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/146876.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    in-phantom recombination chambers
    absorbed dose
    cavity theory
    Opis:
    The paper discusses the theoretical background in terms of the use of in-phantom recombination chambers in mixed radiation fi elds, with special attention paid to the question of how the experimentally determined, linear-energy-transfer-dependent (LET) parameters can be applied with regard to the more accurate determination of the chamber response and absorbed dose in mixed radiation fi elds. Methods of taking the recombination index of radiation quality (RIQ) measurements and theoretical consideration concerning the determination of the absorbed dose are described. Classical Bragg-Gray and Spencer-Attix cavity theories were analysed and their relationship to in-phantom recombination chambers was specifi ed. Methods concerning the estimation of correction factors with regard to RIQ measurements and their importance are highlighted.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2018, 63, 1; 9-15
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Electron beam decomposition of pollutant model compounds in aqueous systems
    Autorzy:
    Ting, T. -M.
    Dahlan, K. Z. M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/147660.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2011
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    absorbed dose
    concentration of solute
    ionizing radiation
    organic decomposition
    Opis:
    In this study, factors that limit the utilization of electron beam irradiation for decomposition of pollutants were investigated. Potassium hydrogen phthalate (KHP) was used as the model pollutant compound. The accumulated chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal below 2.4 kGy (applied for concentration at 85, 170, 255, 425 and 850 mg/l) was less than 10 per cent, whereas the accumulated COD removal at 215 kGy (applied for concentration at 85, 170, 255, 425 and 850 mg/l) was 198 per cent. At a lower concentration of KHP, 85 mg/l, the accumulated COD removal (for dose ranging from 0.5 to 215 kGy) was 236per cent. As the concentration of KHP increases to 850 mg/l, almost no COD removal was recorded (for dose ranging from 0.5 to 215 kGy). The results show that the removal efficiency and effectiveness of pollutants were influenced by the solute concentration and irradiation dose. When the concentration of KHP increases to a certain level, water radical species were not sufficient to form KHP radicals and, therefore, reduce the decomposition of KHP molecules. Removal of phthalate as measured by COD was restricted at a very high concentration, 850 mg/l. This indicates that the by-products have scavenged the radicals rapidly. This also suggests that, the limitation of radiolytic products of water to decompose KHP at higher concentration. A large quantity of KHP molecules would also stabilize the KHP radicals and resulting in lower removal of KHP. Similar removal trend was also observed for the actual industrial wastewater.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2011, 56, 4; 349-355
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Influence of boundary effects on electron beam dose distribution formation in multilayer targets
    Autorzy:
    Kałuska, I.
    Lazurik, V. T.
    Lazurik, V. M.
    Popov, G. F.
    Rogov, Y. V.
    Zimek, Z.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/148556.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2010
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    absorbed dose
    electron beam
    simulation
    Monte Carlo
    software ModeStEB
    dosimetry
    Opis:
    Computational dosimetry play a significant role in an industrial radiation processing at dose measurements in the product irradiated with electron beams (EB), X-ray and gamma ray from radionuclide sources. Accurate and validated programs for absorbed dose calculations are required for computational dosimetry. The program ModeStEB (modelling of EB processing in a three-dimensional (3D) multilayer flat targets) was designed specially for simulation and optimization of industrial radiation processing, calculation of the 3D absorbed dose distribution within multilayer packages. The package is irradiated with scanned EB on an industrial radiation facility that is based on the pulsed or continuous type of electron accelerators in the electron energy range from 0.1 to 25 MeV. Simulation of EB dose distributions in the multilayer targets was accomplished using the Monte Carlo (MC) method. Experimental verification of MC simulation prediction for EB dose distribution formation in a stack of plates interleaved with polyvinylchloride (PVC) dosimetric films (DF), within a packing box, and irradiated with a scanned 10 MeV EB on a moving conveyer is discussed.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2010, 55, 3; 363-368
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Investigation of high-dose irradiation effects on polystyrene calorimeter response
    Autorzy:
    Ziaie, F.
    Noori, A.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/146133.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2006
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    polystyrene calorimeter
    electron beam
    absorbed dose
    high dose
    high impact polystyrene (HIPS)
    Opis:
    In this work attempts have been made to investigate the variation of polystyrene calorimeter response after frequent irradiations with an electron beam. Polystyrene calorimeters are routinely used in every radiation processing center as a traceable to NPL primary standard dosimeter. Thus, self designed high impact polystyrene as the calorimeter core was irradiated several times up to many thousands of kGy doses. After each irradiation, the specific heat capacity of the polystyrene as the main changeable parameter was measured using the differential scanning calorimeter system (DSC) in the practical temperature range of polystyrene calorimeter. Therefore, correction factors to calculate the precise absorbed dose were obtained. At the final stage, several these calorimeters were irradiated simultaneously along with two Risoe standard calorimeters and another correction factor for each tested calorimeter was calculated.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2006, 51, 3; 175-178
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Absorbed doses for patients undergoing panoramic radiography, cephalometric radiography and CBCT
    Autorzy:
    Wrzesień, Małgorzata
    Olszewski, Jerzy
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2161887.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017-07-17
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Medycyny Pracy im. prof. dra Jerzego Nofera w Łodzi
    Tematy:
    thermoluminescence
    panoramic radiography
    absorbed dose
    CBCT
    cephalometric radiography
    thermoluminescent detectors
    Opis:
    Objectives Contemporary dental radiology offers a wide spectrum of imaging methods but it also contributes to an increase in the participation of dental radiological diagnosis in the patient’s exposure to ionizing radiation. The aim of this study is to determine the absorbed doses of the brain, spinal column, thyroid and eye lens for patients during panoramic radiography, cephalometric radiography and cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). Material and Methods The thermoluminescent dosimetry and anthropomorphic phantom was used for measuring the doses. The 15 panoramic, 4 cephalometric and 4 CBCT exposures were performed by placing high-sensitivity thermoluminescent detectors (TLD) in 18 anatomical points of the phantom. Results The maximum absorbed dose recorded during performed measurements corresponds to the point representing the brainstem and it is 10 mGy. The dose value recorded by the TLD placed in the thyroid during CBCT imaging in relation to the panoramic radiography differs by a factor of 13.5. Conclusions Cone beam computed tomography, in comparison with panoramic or cephalometric imaging technique, provides higher radiation doses to the patients. Int J Occup Med Environ Health 2017;30(5):705–713
    Źródło:
    International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health; 2017, 30, 5; 705-713
    1232-1087
    1896-494X
    Pojawia się w:
    International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Dense Plasma Focus as a powerful source of monochromatic X-ray radiation
    Autorzy:
    Dubrovsky, A.
    Gribkov, V.
    Ivanov, Y.
    Karpiński, L.
    Orlova, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/147444.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2006
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    dense plasma focus (DPF)
    X-ray generation
    X-ray dosimetry
    exposure dose
    absorbed dose
    Opis:
    A review of some experimental results obtained using the dense plasma focus (DPF) device PF-1000 is presented. The copper Ka1,2 radiation line generated by DPF in the case of device anode made of copper was the main object of this study. The predominance of this characteristic radiation over other kinds of radiation in the DPF X-ray spectrum is shown. A brief description of a new DPF 6.0 device as well as a radioenzymology experiment carried out within this device is presented.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2006, 51, 1; 21-28
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Manufacturing of a graphite calorimeter at Yazd Radiation Processing Center
    Autorzy:
    Ziaie, F.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/147318.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2004
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    graphite calorimeters
    absorbed dose
    radiation processing
    self designed calorimeters (SDC)
    standard calorimeter
    Opis:
    In this work, a few quasi-adiabatic graphite calorimeters of different dimensions are described. These calorimeters have been manufactured by ourselves and studied for accurate absorbed dose measurements in 10 MeV electron beam. In order to prove the accuracy and reliability of dose measurements with the use of the self designed graphite calorimeters (SDC), an inter comparison study was performed on these calorimeters and RisŘ's graphite calorimeters (SC, standard calorimeter) at different doses by using a Rhodotron accelerator. The comparison shows conclusively SDC of the optimal size, the results agreeing with those obtained with the SC within 1%.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2004, 49, 4; 159-162
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Promieniowanie gamma na wybranych zwałowiskach kopalnianych Górnego Śląska
    Gamma radiation in selected mine waste dumps at Upper Silesia
    Autorzy:
    Wróbel, Ł.
    Dołhańczuk-Śródka, A.
    Kłos, A.
    Wacławek, M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/127119.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2012
    Wydawca:
    Towarzystwo Chemii i Inżynierii Ekologicznej
    Tematy:
    promieniowanie jonizujące
    dawka pochłonięta
    odpady kopalniane
    ionizing radiation
    absorbed dose
    mining waste
    Opis:
    Przedstawiono wyniki badań promieniowania gamma przeprowadzonych na 5 zwałowiskach kopalnianych znajdujących się na terenie Górnego Śląska. Wyniki te wskazują, że nie występuje na nich niebezpieczny poziom promieniowania. Wartości pochłoniętej dawki promieniowania także mieściły się w pobliżu wartości średniej (95 nGy/h), przy czym w odniesieniu do średniej światowej, wynoszącej 57 nGy/h, wartości dawki promieniowania znacząco ją przekraczały. Biorąc pod uwagę normy radiologiczne, stwierdzono, że kruszywo składowane na zwałowiskach nie stanowi zagrożenia dla środowiska i pod tym względem może być wykorzystane jako materiał budowlany. Dokonano także porównania pomiędzy zmierzoną in situ a obliczoną dawką promieniowania gamma.
    The results of investigations carried out on gamma rays at 5 mine dumps located in Upper Silesia. These results indicate that there is no one dangerous levels of radiation. The values of the absorbed radiation dose ranged around the mean value (95 nGy/h), and in relation to a global average of 57 nGy/h, the dose of radiation significantly exceeded it. Taking into account the radiological standard, it was found that the aggregates stored in the dumps is not a threat to the environment and as such can be used as a building material. There have also been comparisons between measured in situ, and the calculated dose of gamma radiation.
    Źródło:
    Proceedings of ECOpole; 2012, 6, 2; 799-803
    1898-617X
    2084-4557
    Pojawia się w:
    Proceedings of ECOpole
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Electron beam flue gas treatment process for purification of exhaust gases with high SO2 concentrations
    Autorzy:
    Chmielewski, A. G.
    Licki, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/146442.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2008
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
    Tematy:
    high sulphur fossil fuel
    flue gas
    electron accelerator
    SO2 and NOx removal efficiency
    absorbed dose
    by-product
    Opis:
    Exhaust gases with high SO2 concentrations are emitted from combustion of high sulphur fossil fuels and from different industrial processes (e.g. copper smelter and sintering plants). The application of the electron beam process for SO2 and NOx removal from such flue gases was investigated. A parametric study was carried out to determine the SO2 and NOx removal efficiency as a function of temperature and humidity of irradiated gases, absorbed dose and ammonia stoichiometry. The efficiency 90–95% of SO2 removal was obtained in the optimal treatment conditions with an inlet SO2 concentration of up to 15% vol. The synergistic effect of high SO2 content on NOx removal was indicated. The collected by-product was a mixture of ammonium sulphate and nitrate. The content of heavy metals in the by- -products was many times lower than the values accepted for commercial fertilizers.
    Źródło:
    Nukleonika; 2008, 53, suppl. 2; 61-66
    0029-5922
    1508-5791
    Pojawia się w:
    Nukleonika
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Estimation of entrance skin dose and effective dose from abdomen radiography in two diagnostic facilities in Aba, Abia State, South-East Nigeria
    Autorzy:
    Esu, E. O.
    Chiegwu, H. U.
    Omojola, A. D.
    Eze, E. M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1839405.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021
    Wydawca:
    Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
    Tematy:
    Entrance skin dose (ESD)
    Local diagnostic reference levels (LDRLs)
    Dose area product (DAP)
    Effective dose (E)
    Absorbed dose (DT)
    Thermoluminescent dosimeter (TLD)
    Kilovoltage peak (kVp)
    milliampere-seconds (mAs)
    Opis:
    Medical exposure for abdomen radiography is associated with higher doses compared to X-Rays of the chest and other extremities. The study aims to determine the mean entrance skin dose (ESD) for 104 adult patients between 20-89 years with 2 X-Ray units (A and B) in Aba, South-East Nigeria and to determine the ESD at the 75th percentile to estimate the local diagnostic reference levels (LDRLs). This study also determined the effective dose (E), the dose area product (DAP) and the relationship between absorbed dose (DT) and other parameters. This study will also compare its findings with relevant articles where necessary. The study used 2 functional floors mounted X-Ray units. A total of 208 annealed thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLDs) were used made of Lithium Fluoride, doped with Magnesium and Titanium (LiF: Mg, Ti). Two TLD chips were used per patient. The chips were positioned at the anterior and posterior end of the patient respectively for a given beam area for abdomen radiography. After exposure, a calibrated RadPro TLDcube 400 reader (Freiberg Instrument, Germany) was used to estimate individual patient doses. This was done by multiplying the TLD counts by a pre-determined calibration factor (CF). The mean/75th percentile ESD for facilities A and B was 2.92/4.12 and 3.01/3.67 mGy. The E for facilities A and B was 0.73 and 0.82 mSv respectively. There was a good relationship between the DT with ESD, exit dose (ED) and DAP for facility A, but no relationship was seen with other parameters. The mean ESD was lower compared to the National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements (NCRP 172) and the American Association of Physicists in Medicine (AAPM) reports respectively. The study proved useful and could serve as a reference point to initiate LDRLs within the South-East zone in Nigeria for abdomen radiography.
    Źródło:
    World Scientific News; 2021, 161; 143-156
    2392-2192
    Pojawia się w:
    World Scientific News
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
      Wyświetlanie 1-12 z 12

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