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    Wyświetlanie 1-2 z 2
    Tytuł:
    A comparative analysis of Yellow Head Virus (YHD) diagnostic methods adopted in Sri Lanka to investigate the accuracy and specificity of the virus
    Autorzy:
    Amarakoon, A. A. D. Gayathri U.
    Wijegoonawardane, P. K. M.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1182758.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2017
    Wydawca:
    Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
    Tematy:
    Aquaculture
    OIE
    Penaeus monodon
    RNA
    Yellow head virus
    Opis:
    Yellow head virus is a common viral pathogen which infects cultured Penaeus monodon world-wide, resulting in immature larvae and the growth retardation. Therefore, several detection methods are recommended by the Office des Epizootics (OIE) for use in Asia including Sri Lanka. This study was attempted to evaluate the RT-PCR diagnostic method is the appropriate and accurate YHV detection method which is recommended by the OIE comparing with histological identification and haemolymph Smear method. A total of 150 individuals of Penaeus monodon, post larve samples obtained from different shrimp hatcheries located in Northwestern province were screened for the presence of YHV and the results were comparatively analyzed with three different protocols, namely wet mount observation, histopathological observation and RT- PCR detection. Highest prevalence was recorded with wet mount observations (78%) and the lowest was recorded using histopathology (22%). Comparison of PCR tests generated consisted of positive samples 31/51 (2010), 38/65(2011) and 18/34 (2012) respectively. The results obtained with the IQ2000 commercial kit, were the most reliable and it indicated 56.6% average prevalence of YHV.
    Źródło:
    World Scientific News; 2017, 66; 181-192
    2392-2192
    Pojawia się w:
    World Scientific News
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    A different path to the summit of Fusarium Head Blight resistance in wheat: developing germplasm with a systemic approach.
    Autorzy:
    Comeau, A.
    Langevin, F.
    Caetano, V.R
    Haber, S.
    Savard, M.E.
    Voldeng, H.
    Fedak, G.
    Dion, Y.
    Rioux, S.
    Gilbert, J.
    Martin, R.A.
    Eudes, F.
    Scheeren, P.L.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2199597.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2011-06-21
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Hodowli i Aklimatyzacji Roślin
    Tematy:
    barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV)
    biotic and abiotic stresses
    Fusarium Head Blighy (FHB)
    genotypes
    resistance
    traits interaction
    Opis:
    In pursuing FHB resistance in wheat, 30 years of conventional breeding efforts in Eastern Canada have brought some progress. Substantial investment and the application in recent years of marker-assisted selection have to date, however, failed to produce agronomic lines that resist FHB as well as Sumai 3. We present here an alternative path, described as the systemic approach. Rather than seeking to introgress specific putative resistance genes, it subjects target germplasm to regimes of repeated cycles of multiple, interacting (biotic and abiotic) stresses in which desirable traits – not always adequately expressed in parental lines – are identified and selected. How can such a seemingly counterintuitive process work? The systemic approach views desired resistance as arising from the interactions of complex regulation mechanisms mediating how a host responds when a pathogen attacks. These constituents of resistance should thus not always be understood simply as discrete Mendelian units. In repeated rounds of selection, the systemic approach captures those rare individuals that embody optimal interactions of traits, and advances them as founders of lines that resist FHB more effectively than if selection focused on FHB alone. In Quebec, we have chosen to select wheat populations under combined pressure from barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV) infection and FHB. Resistance to FHB and tolerance of BYDV are quantitative traits that interact. BYD increases both the direct losses from FHB and the production of mycotoxins. Selection under virus pressure, therefore, helps identify those individuals which express FHB resistance more effectively. Moreover, the correlates of virus tolerance (physiological efficiency, generalized stress tolerance and yield) point to those plants with better root traits, ability to produce biomass and yield stability. Together with numerous secondary criteria, such selection eliminates all but a few ‘winners’ in each round. Seen from a systemic perspective, the difficulty of identifying good progeny among descendants of crosses with Sumai 3 does not surprise. Deleterious linkages, pleiotropy and epistasis will usually combine in far from optimal expressions of the assembled genetic information. The systemic approach, by contrast, identifies in repeated cycles increasingly optimized expressions of genes, allowing all potential sources of resistance to be explored. Thus resistant lines can readily be derived from the crosses of susceptible parents, an objective rarely sought in conventional, focused approaches. Moreover, wheat plants respond to the systemic approach’s powerful stresses with enhanced epigenetic variation, raw material from which broader ranges of heritable traits can be selected. Germplasm that expresses a full range of attractive traits while resisting FHB as effectively as Sumai 3 can now be shown to be much more abundant than previously imagined. Perhaps this promise will entice more wheat workers to try a systemic approach...
    Źródło:
    Plant Breeding and Seed Science; 2011, 63; 39-48
    1429-3862
    2083-599X
    Pojawia się w:
    Plant Breeding and Seed Science
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
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