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Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 146
Tytuł:
Structure data at 150 K for diammonium oxalate monohydrate, [NH4]2[C2O4][H2O]
Autorzy:
Mielniczek-Brzóska, E.
Dmytriv, G.
Pavlyuk, V.
Griffin, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/410252.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Humanistyczno-Przyrodniczy im. Jana Długosza w Częstochowie. Wydawnictwo Uczelniane
Tematy:
oxalates
crystal structure
X-ray diffraction
Opis:
The single crystals of perfectly quality of the diammonium oxalate monohydrate, [NH4]2[C2O4][H2O], were obtained by the improved methods of crystal growth from solution. The crystal structure of title compound was studied at 150 K using modern X-ray equipment. At this temperature, as well as at room temperature, this compound crystallizes in the orthorhombic symmetry wiith P21212 space group. The unit cell of the title compound is formed by four amonium cations, two oxalate anions and water molecules, with a 2:1:1 cation-anion-water ratio. At 150 K oxalate ion is twisted by 26.9 (1)°. The similar twist angle (26.6 (4)° was observed at the room temperature. Central carbon-carbon bond in oxalate ion is insignificantly longer (1.568 Å) in comparing with this bond at room temperature (1.559 Å).
Źródło:
Chemistry, Environment, Biotechnology; 2013, 16; 73-78
2083-7097
Pojawia się w:
Chemistry, Environment, Biotechnology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
57Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction study of gadolinites REE2Fe2+Be2Si2O10 from Lower Silesia (Poland) and Ytterby (Sweden)
Autorzy:
Malczewski, D.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/148858.pdf
Data publikacji:
2003
Wydawca:
Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Tematy:
gadolinite
Mössbauer spectroscopy
X-ray diffraction
Opis:
This paper reports the results of 57Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and gamma-ray spectroscopy studies of partially metamict gadolinites from Szklarska Poręba and Zimnik (Lower Silesia, Poland), a fully metamict gadolinite sample from Ytterby (Sweden) and a crystalline sample obtained after annealing of a fragment of the sample from Ytterby at 1373 K in an argon atmosphere. Both fully metamict and crystalline gadolinite show divalent iron exclusively in octahedral coordination. Changes of the amplitudes ratio of high energy to low energy absorption peaks from Fe2+ quadrupole doublets are strictly correlated with calculated absorbed alpha-dose and the metamictization stages of the gadolinite specimens. In this respect, one of the samples is in conflict with the estimated radiation dose based on age and radionuclide concentrations. In this case, Mössbauer spectroscopy shows that the sample had to be naturally annealed over geologic time.
Źródło:
Nukleonika; 2003, 48,suppl.1; 41-44
0029-5922
1508-5791
Pojawia się w:
Nukleonika
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Influence of Calcium Ions on the Structure and Properties of LaMnO3
Autorzy:
Bara, M.
Dzik, J.
Feliksik, K.
Kozielski, L.
Wodecka-Duś, B.
Goryczka, T.
Zarycka, A.
Adamczyk-Habrajska, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/353112.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
LCMO
ceramics
manganites
X-ray diffraction
SEM
Opis:
La0,7 Ca0,3 MnO3 polycrystalline were synthesized from La2 O3 , CaO and MnO2 powder mixture using a solid state reaction technique. The compound powders were obtained through the free sintering method at different temperatures and sintering times in order to study the influence of technological conditions on Ca doped La manganites. The most important physical features as structure, microstructure and morphology were described after X-ray diffraction investigation. Photographs of the specimen fractures were taken with SEM (scanning electron microscope) and they revealed high porosity of the tested material and great tendency for its grains to create agglomerates. Influence of doping and technological conditions on lattice parameters were studied by means of Rietvield analysis. The XRD measurements reveal that La0,7 Ca0,3 MnO3 has orthorhombic symmetry with Pnma space group.
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2020, 65, 3; 1189-1195
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Investigation Of Intermetallic Compounds In Sn-Cu-Ni Lead-Free Solders
Badanie związków międzymetalicznych w bezołowiowych stopach lutowniczych Sn-Cu-Ni
Autorzy:
Nagy, E.
Kristaly, F.
Gyenes, A.
Gacsi, Z.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/353266.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
intermetallic
lead-free solder
X-ray diffraction
Opis:
Interfacial intermetallic compounds (IMC) play an important role in Sn-Cu lead-free soldering. The size and morphology of the intermetallic compounds formed between the lead-free solder and the Cu substrate have a significant effect on the mechanical strength of the solder joint. In the soldering process of Sn-Cu alloys, Cu6Sn5 intermetallic compounds are formed. The complex structural behaviour of Cu6Sn5 IMC is temperature- and composition-dependent and it is long since subject to scientific research. The Cu6Sn5 phase basically exists in two crystal structures: hexagonal η-Cu6Sn5 (at temperatures above 186°C) and monoclinic η’-Cu6Sn5 (at lower temperatures). In the presence of Ni in the solder, the η-η’ transformation does not occur, therefore, the η-Cu6Sn5 phase remains stable. In this study the role of Ni in the (Cu,Ni)6Sn5 intermetallic compound in Sn-Cu lead-free solders was examined. Sn-Cu alloys with different Cu content (0.5 to 1 mass%) were modified through Ni addition. The morphology of the intermetallic compounds of the modified Sn-Cu alloys was investigated by optical microscopy (OM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), the IMC phases were examined with X-ray diffraction method (XRD).
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2015, 60, 2B; 1511-1515
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Depth dependent X-ray diffraction of porous anodic alumina films filled with cubic YAlO3:Tb3+ matrix
Autorzy:
Serafińczuk, Jarosław
Pawlaczyk, Łukasz
Podhorodecki, Artur
Gaponenko, Nikolai
Molchan, Igor
Thompson, George
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/173841.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
PAA
X-ray diffraction
AFM
SEM
crystallization
Opis:
The presented paper deals with the measurement methodologies of the structural properties of porous anodic alumina (PAA) films filled with YalO3:Tb3+ composite using X-ray diffraction, atomic force microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. It shows that the deposited material does not uniformly fill the porous volume of the anodic alumina film and the part of it forms a thick layer on the PAA surface. The aim of this work is to show the differences in the XRD response obtained at different angles of incidence of the excitation beam for the PAA/YalO3:Tb3+ system. Furthermore, this simple approach enables separation of the signal from both regions on the surface and inside the PAA pores, providing more accurate data interpretation. It reveals that the crystallization of the material on the PAA surface and within the pores is different.
Źródło:
Optica Applicata; 2020, 50, 1; 127-134
0078-5466
1899-7015
Pojawia się w:
Optica Applicata
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
X-ray stress measurements in the institute of aviation possibilities and examples
Autorzy:
Gadalińska, E.
Malicki, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/242492.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Instytut Techniczny Wojsk Lotniczych
Tematy:
X-ray diffraction
residual stress measurements
fatigue
Opis:
From the point of view of the airplane construction, its fatigue lifetime and exploitation process, the stress states and levels are of crucial importance. The most appropriate experimental methods to determine stress values are diffraction methods with different radiation type employed. These methods allow the determination of the elastic lattice deformation and distortion (effectively the stress state) from the displacement and broadening of the diffraction peak. Diffraction methods are widely known as the experimental methods for determining not only the stress values but also the elastic properties of polycrystalline materials (also of all alloys types used in the aerospace industry). The advantages of diffraction experiments result from their non-destructive character and the possibility to obtain absolute values of stresses in different phases of each type of crystal material (the measurements are performed selectively only for crystallites contributing to the measured diffraction peak, i.e. for the grains having lattice orientations for which the Bragg condition is fulfilled). In the frame of this work, the laboratory possibilities of the Institute of Aviation in this area are presented as well as the exemplary results of stress measurements performed there.
Źródło:
Journal of KONES; 2018, 25, 3; 159-166
1231-4005
2354-0133
Pojawia się w:
Journal of KONES
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Preparation of Samples used in Fatigue Testing of Aircraft Materials
Autorzy:
Manaj, W.
Wronicz, W.
Michałowski, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/98020.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Lotnictwa
Tematy:
mechanical processing
stress measurement
X-ray diffraction
Opis:
The application of a new type of alloy requires the evaluation of its properties, which is typically achieved with destructive methods. For this purpose, among others, static and fatigue mechanical tests are performed. Tests are performed on standardized samples in a way which reflects the level of stress occurring in real elements. These tests should limit random errors associated with sample preparation. For this reason the proper preparation of samples is crucial, not only in terms of their geometric dimensions but also in terms of the residual stress level. A sample preparation process was developed, involving checking samples’ surface for cracks, scratches, roughness, and the state of stress. The measurements are performed with nondestructive methods so as not to affect the proceeding research. In this study, the residual stress and features of a mechanically prepared surface were characterized. The specimens were subjected to various surface finishes mainly, lathe turning and grinding surface conditions. The effects of residual surface stress (measured by XRD) were studied after machining and polishing.
Źródło:
Fatigue of Aircraft Structures; 2015, 7; 66-68
2081-7738
2300-7591
Pojawia się w:
Fatigue of Aircraft Structures
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
X-ray diffraction and Mössbauer spectroscopy studies of a mechanosynthesized Fe75B25 alloy
Autorzy:
Jartych, E.
Kubalova, L. M.
Fadeeva, V. I.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/146344.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Tematy:
mechanosynthesis
metastable phase
Mössbauer spectroscopy
X-ray diffraction
Opis:
In this work, the process of formation of metastable phases was investigated for the Fe75B25 composition. Mechanical synthesis was performed in a MAPF-2M high-energy planetary ball mill under an argon atmosphere. X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and Mössbauer spectroscopy (MS) were applied to recognize the phases. After 6 h of milling, the material consisted of two phases, that is, metastable tetragonal t-Fe2B and amorphous phases. During further thermal processing, the metastable phase was transformed into the stable Fe2B phase.
Źródło:
Nukleonika; 2015, 60, 1; 43 -46
0029-5922
1508-5791
Pojawia się w:
Nukleonika
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
X-Ray Diffraction Measurements for Riveted Joints. The Application of a Novel Methodology
Autorzy:
Gadalińska, E.
Kaniowski, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/97767.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Lotnictwa
Tematy:
X-ray diffraction method
stress measurements
riveted joints
Opis:
The X-ray diffraction method is the best, widely available, non-destructive measurement method used to determine the residual and load stresses in crystalline materials. This method can be applied without any limitations to flat specimens. Depending on the equipment geometry, the type of material and geometry of the specimen, there are many limitations, restrictions and recommendations which have to be fulfilled to obtain reliable results. This was the reason for working out a methodology for X-ray diffraction stress measurements for riveted specimens.The first case to analyze is the necessity of choosing an X-ray tube suitable for the specimen material which will give the diffraction peaks in the range of 2Θ angles between 120° and 180°. Afterwards it is crucial to make the best selection of Bragg's angle 2Θ. In the vast majority of cases the best selection is the possibly biggest 2Θ angle because of the best accuracy of the measurement. However, for example for aluminum alloys (for CrKα radiation), this choice is not so obvious. It is much more convenient to perform measurements not for the highest diffraction angle. The best selection in this case is 2Θ=139,3°, and not 156,7°. Other selections which are necessary to be made before measurements are the collimator diameter, time of exposure, ψ tilts and φ oscillations. The proper selection of these parameters is crucial for the fast and efficient performing of measurements and for obtaining reliable results. Before performing the measurement, especially in the case of the specimen with complicated geometry (for example in the case of riveted specimens made of aluminum alloys), it is necessary to analyze the results obtained paying special attention to the possibility of the appearing of the rivet head/driven rivet head shadow during the measurement. The work describes differences between the X-ray stress measurement results obtained without any interference and the results received after eliminating the selected diffraction peaks for which the shadow of rivet head/driven rivet head has appeared.
Źródło:
Fatigue of Aircraft Structures; 2012, 4; 17-28
2081-7738
2300-7591
Pojawia się w:
Fatigue of Aircraft Structures
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Size/Strain Diffraction Peak Broadening of the Energetic Materials FOX-7, RDX and ADN
Autorzy:
Herrmann, M.
Forter-Barth, U.
Kempa, P. B.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/358820.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Sieć Badawcza Łukasiewicz - Instytut Przemysłu Organicznego
Tematy:
X-ray diffraction
microstructure
FOX-7
RDX
ADN
Opis:
X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) is an established tool for the investigation of energetic materials. Whereas positions and intensities of diffraction peaks yield information on the crystal structure, peak profles are related to the real structure described by crystallite size, shape and microstrain. A series of energetic materials were measured at the synchrotron ANKA, and the size/strain broadening of FOX-7, RDX and ADN is discussed in relation to crystal structures and properties.
Źródło:
Central European Journal of Energetic Materials; 2009, 6, 2; 183-193
1733-7178
Pojawia się w:
Central European Journal of Energetic Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Application of X-Ray Diffraction to Analyse Phase Composition of Aluminium Alloys for Plastic Working
Autorzy:
Pachut, K.
Żelechowski, J.
Boczkal, S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/354144.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
aluminium alloys
X-ray diffraction
qualitative phase analysis
Opis:
An attempt was made to determine phase composition of commercial aluminium alloys using X-ray diffraction. Samples for phase composition analysis were selected from the group of aluminium alloys covered by the EN 573-3:2013 standard [1]. Representative samples were taken from eight groups of alloys with different chemical composition (at least one sample from each group). The diffraction intensity was measured with a standard X-ray diffractometer in Bragg-Brentano geometry in a way that allowed identification of the weakest diffraction peaks. As a results of the performed research it has been shown that X-ray phase analysis can be used to identify the matrix of aluminium alloys, Si and crystalline intermetallic phases such as Mg2Si, Al93.38Cu6.02Fe24Si16.27, Al4.01MnSi0.74, MgZn2, Al17 (Fe3.2Mn0.8)Si2, Al65Cu20Fe15, and Cu3Mn2Al. The detectability limit of the above-mentioned phases is better than 0.5%. The research has also shown that X-ray phase analysis is applicable in the investigation of phase transformations taking place in aluminium alloys.
Źródło:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials; 2019, 64, 4; 1315-1319
1733-3490
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Metallurgy and Materials
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Crystal structures of ErGe2 and TmGe2 compounds
Autorzy:
Matvijishyn, R.
Pavlyuk, V.
Shpyrka, Z.
Serkiz, R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/410283.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Humanistyczno-Przyrodniczy im. Jana Długosza w Częstochowie. Wydawnictwo Uczelniane
Tematy:
rare earths phases
crystal structure
X-ray diffraction
Opis:
Crystal structures of ErGe2 and TmGe2 compounds were determined by X-ray single crystal diffraction. Both TmGe2 and ErGe2 crystallized with the ZrSi2 structure type (space group Cmcm).
Źródło:
Chemistry, Environment, Biotechnology; 2010, 14; 35-40
2083-7097
Pojawia się w:
Chemistry, Environment, Biotechnology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Influence of Ce3+ doping on the algal inhibiting properties of copper/sepiolite nanofibers
Autorzy:
Zhang, C. C.
Duan, X.
Ding, Y.
Srinivasakannan, C.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/207260.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
copper
x ray diffraction
alga
miedź
dyfrakcja rentgenowska
glon
Opis:
Algal inhibiting materials were synthesized by the co-impregnation method. Cerium was taken as an algal inhibiting agent with copper/sepiolite utilized as the carrier. The algal growth inhibition was assessed based on the form of presence and distribution of Cu2+ and Ce3+ ions on the surface of sepiolite using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and SEM analysis. The results indicate that at 5 wt. % Cu content, 0.8 wt. % Ce and after heat treatment at 400 °C, the materials exhibit the best algal inhibiting capacity of 83.11%.
Źródło:
Environment Protection Engineering; 2017, 43, 4; 253-263
0324-8828
Pojawia się w:
Environment Protection Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Determination of hyperfine fields and atomic ordering in NiMnFeGe exhibiting martensitic transformation
Autorzy:
Satuła, D.
Szymański, D.
Rećko, K.
Olszewski, W.
Kalska-Szostko, B.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/147672.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Tematy:
X-ray diffraction
Mössbauer spectroscopy
martensitic transition
atomic ordering
Opis:
The hyperfi ne fi elds and atomic ordering in Ni1−xFexMnGe (x = 0.1, 0.2, 0.3) alloys were investigated using X-ray diffraction and Mössbauer spectroscopy at room temperature. The X-ray diffraction measurements show that the samples with x = 0.2, 0.3 crystallized in the hexagonal Ni2In-type of structure, whereas in the sample with x = 0.1, the coexistence of two phases, Ni2In- and orthorhombic TiNiSi-type of structures, were found. The Mössbauer spectra measured with x = 0.2, 0.3 show three doublets with different values of isomer shift (IS) and quadrupole splitting (QS) related to three different local surroundings of Fe atoms in the hexagonal Ni2In-type structure. It was shown that Fe atoms in the hexagonal Ni2In-type structure of as-cast Ni1−xFexMnGe alloys are preferentially located in Ni sites and small amount of Fe is located in Mn and probably in Ge sites. The spectrum for x = 0.1 shows the doublets in the central part of spectrum and a broad sextet. The doublets originate from the Fe atoms in the paramagnetic state of hexagonal Ni2In-type structure, whereas the sextet results from the Fe atoms in orthorhombic TiNiSi-type structure.
Źródło:
Nukleonika; 2015, 60, 1; 127-131
0029-5922
1508-5791
Pojawia się w:
Nukleonika
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Point defects in the B2 - phase region of the Fe-Al system studied by Mössbauer spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction
Autorzy:
Hanc-Kuczkowska, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/147904.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Instytut Chemii i Techniki Jądrowej
Tematy:
iron aluminides
Mössbauer spectroscopy
point defects
X-ray diffraction
Opis:
In this work Mössbauer spectroscopy and X-ray powder diffraction was used to study of point defects formation in intermetallic phases of the B2 structure of the Fe-Al system as a function of Al concentration. The results are compared with the concentrations of point defects determined from positron annihilation data. The values of the 57Fe isomer shift and quadrupole splitting for the components describing the point defects in the local environment of a Mössbauer nuclide are presented. The concentration of the Fe vacancies and Fe atoms substituting Al (i.e. anti-site atom, Fe-AS) are determined. The results show that an increase in Al content causes an increase in vacancy and Fe-AS concentrations.
Źródło:
Nukleonika; 2013, 58, 1; 123-126
0029-5922
1508-5791
Pojawia się w:
Nukleonika
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
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