Informacja

Drogi użytkowniku, aplikacja do prawidłowego działania wymaga obsługi JavaScript. Proszę włącz obsługę JavaScript w Twojej przeglądarce.

Wyszukujesz frazę "Upper Miocene" wg kryterium: Temat


Wyświetlanie 1-10 z 10
Tytuł:
Analiza palinologiczna mioceńskich wypełnień lejów krasowych w Tarnowie Opolskim na Wyżynie Śląskiej - wyniki wstępne
Palynological analysis of Miocene infill of karst sinkholes at Tarnów Opolski, Upper Silesian Upland - a preliminary report
Autorzy:
Worobiec, E.
Szulc, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2074753.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Państwowy Instytut Geologiczny – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Tematy:
paleokras
palinologia
glony słodkowodne
paleośrodowisko
miocen
Wyżyna Śląska
paleokarst
palynology
freshwater algae
palaeoenvironment
Miocene
Upper Silesian Upland
Opis:
Pollen analysis of 16 samples of coaly sediments taken from one of sinkholes developed within the Triassic limestones cropping out at Tarnów Opolski, Upper Silesian Upland has been done. The study revealed a taxonomically rich assemblage of excellently preserved sporomorphs (pollen grains and spores) as well as microfossils of fresh-water algae (mainly Chlorophyta). The pollen analysis made it possible to reconstruct a vegetation growing during sedimentation of deposits filling the studied sinkhole and clear facies succession, from open aquatic (with abundant fresh-water algae) to marshy one (e.g. swamp forests composed of Taxodium, Nyssa and Alnus). Riparian forests dominated by deciduous trees, e.g. Pterocarya, Carya and Liquidambar, grew on wet terrains surrounding the water body. Drier elevated terrains were overgrown by mixed mesophytic forests with small admixture of thermophilous plants. Results of the pollen analysis indicate that during the sedimentation of the sinkhole filling the climate was warm temperate and moderately wet. Recorded sporomorphs and a mutual ratio of arctotertiary and palaeotropical taxa point at a Middle Miocene age of the studied deposit.
Źródło:
Przegląd Geologiczny; 2010, 58, 12; 1176-1181
0033-2151
Pojawia się w:
Przegląd Geologiczny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Anisodontherium from the Late Miocene of north-western Argentina
Autorzy:
Brandoni, D.
Powell, J.E.
Gonzales, O.E.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/20115.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Paleobiologii PAN
Tematy:
Anisodontherium
Late Miocene
Miocene
paleontology
Argentina
Xenarthra
Megatheriinae
ground sloth
diversity
Upper Miocene
Opis:
The fossil record of Megatheriinae (Tardigrada, Megatheriidae) in Argentina extends from the Colloncuran (Middle Miocene of Patagonia) to the Lujanian (Late Pleistocene–Early Holocene of the Pampean region). In the Late Miocene of north−western Argentina, Megatheriinae is represented by just three species belonging to a single genus, Pyramiodontherium. Here, we describe a partial mandible and the phalanges of a third digit of the manus recovered from the Saladillo Formation (Upper Miocene) of Tucumán Province, and assign them to Anisodontherium sp. Anisodontherium is primarily characterized by mesiodistally compressed molariforms, an anterior margin of the coronoid process located posterior to m4, and a posterior margin of the mandibular symphysis located anterior to m1. While these features can also be observed in A. halmyronomum from the Arroyo Chasicó Formation (Buenos Aires Province, Pampean region), Anisodontherium sp. is smaller and more slender than the former. The shape of each molariform of Anisodontherium affects the total length of the molariform tooth row, and thus the interpretation of some characters used in cladistic and paleobiological analyses. The material described here adds to the knowledge of the mandibular and dental anatomy of early megatheriines. In addition, the occurrence of Anisodotherium in Tucumán Province provides the first record of this genus outside the Pampean region, and increases the diversity of megatheriines during the Late Miocene–Pliocene of north−western Argentina.
Źródło:
Acta Palaeontologica Polonica; 2012, 57, 2
0567-7920
Pojawia się w:
Acta Palaeontologica Polonica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Description of a new stromateoid fish from the Miocene of St. Eugene, Algeria
Autorzy:
Carnevale, G.
Bannikov, A.F.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/20914.pdf
Data publikacji:
2006
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Paleobiologii PAN
Tematy:
Algeria
Ariommatidae
Messinian
Miocene
Perciformes
sedimentary setting
Teleostei
Upper Miocene
axial skeleton
fish
fossil
paleontology
stromateoid fish
systematics
Opis:
A single specimen of the axial skeleton of an elongate fossil stromateoid fish, collected from the Upper Miocene (Messinian) St. Eugène locality of north−western Algeria, is identified as a new species Ariomma geslini sp. nov. of the family Ariommatidae. It is based on a unique combination of features, including morphology and arrangement of pleural ribs, structure and orientation of anterior portion of the anal fin, unique sequential arrangement of anal−fin pterygiophores in relation to the haemal spines, and presence of large cycloid scales and meristics. The morphology and orientation of the first anal−fin pterygiophore indicate that A. geslini sp. nov. is probably related to the amphi−Atlantic species A. bondi and A. melanum. The analysis of the fossil record of the Stromateoidei suggests that the ariommatids were already in existence at least as early as the Eocene.
Źródło:
Acta Palaeontologica Polonica; 2006, 51, 3
0567-7920
Pojawia się w:
Acta Palaeontologica Polonica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Dinoflagellate cyst, palynofacies and foraminiferal records of environmental changes related to the Late Badenian (Middle Miocene) transgression at Kudryntsi (western Ukraine)
Autorzy:
Gedl, P.
Peryt, D.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/191407.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Geologiczne
Tematy:
palaeoenvironment
dinoflagellate cysts
foraminifers
Upper Badenian
Middle Miocene
Paratethys
Carpathian Foredeep
Opis:
Qualitative and quantitative characteristics of the palynological content of the Upper Badenian strata at Kudryntsi (western Ukraine) indicate that this succession was deposited in variable environments. The basal siliciclastic series shows a very low content of palynological organic matter and palynofacies, which indicate a restricted environment and/or unfavourable conditions for the palynomorph preservation. The presence of dinoflagellate cysts (and composition of their assemblages) in the upper part of organodetrital limestones and the overlying rhodoid limestones indicates a typical shelf environment. Taxonomically variable dinoflagellate cyst assemblages from particular samples reflect gradual environmental changes – from environments of slightly increased salinity of seawater (strata overlying the siliciclastic series) to open marine, more remote environments during deposition of the upper part of the section examined. The gradual deepening of the sea and decrease of salinity is supported also by the succession of foraminiferal assemblages, which undergo gradual changes from Elphidium spp. assemblages, through Miliolidae assemblage, Lobatula lobatula assemblage, Neoconorbina spp. assemblage to Cibicidoides assemblage. The Late Badenian foraminiferal assemblage from Kudryntsi contains two species common for the Sarmatian, i.e. Elphidium reginum and Elphidium koberi, the latter species known so far from the Sarmatian.
Źródło:
Annales Societatis Geologorum Poloniae; 2011, 81, No 3; 331-349
0208-9068
Pojawia się w:
Annales Societatis Geologorum Poloniae
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Geochemistry of the carboniferous coal-bearing series and the miocene cover within the Upper Silesian Coal Basin - a case study
Geochemia karbonu produktywnego i miocenu Górnośląskiego Zagłębia Węglowego - studium przypadku
Autorzy:
Krzeszowska, Ewa
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/29278274.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Gospodarki Surowcami Mineralnymi i Energią PAN
Tematy:
Miocene
Carboniferous
USCB
Upper Silesian Coal Basin
chemostratigraphy
GZW
Górnośląskie Zagłębie Węglowe
karbon
miocen
chemostratygrafia
Opis:
This paper presents geochemical data for 171 core samples of the Carboniferous coal-bearing series and the Miocene cove from the central part of the Upper Silesian Coal Basin. Major oxide concentrations (Al2O3, SiO2, Fe2O3, P2O5, K2O, MgO, CaO, Na2O, K2O, MnO, TiO2, and Cr2O3) were obtained using XRF. Trace and major elements (Mo, Cu, Pb, Zn, Ni, Co, U, Cr, V, Mn, As, Th, Sr, Cd, Sb, Bi, Ba, Ti, W, Zr, Ce, Nb, Ta, Be Sc) were analysed ICP-MS. The main goals of this study were to demonstrate the distribution, as well as the stratigraphical variability, of the selected elements and to determine whether chemostratigraphy tools could be effectively applied to analyze Carboniferous and Miocene deposits of the USCB. Geochemical studies have shown showed different geochemical features of the samples from the Carboniferous and the Miocene. The diversity is mainly expressed in the enrichment of Miocene sediments in Ca and Sr related to biogenic carbonate material. It was also stated that the concentrations of trace elements associated with the detrital fraction, such as Zn, Cr, Co, Ba, Ti, Zr, Nb, and Sc show slightly higher values in Carboniferous sediments. On the basis of the content of Ti, Zr, and Nb, as well as ratios such as Th/U, Zr/Th, Ti/Zr, and TiO2/K2O, units with different inputs of the terrigenous fraction can be identified in both Carboniferous and Miocene formations. The paper shows that chemostratigraphy can be used as a stratigraphic and correlation tool for the Carboniferous and the Miocene deposits of the USCB.
W pracy przedstawiono dane geochemiczne dla 171 próbek skał osadowych z karbońskiej serii węglonośnej i pokrywy mioceńskiej z centralnej części Górnośląskiego Zagłębia Węglowego. Udziały głównych tlenków (Al2O3, SiO2, Fe2O3, P2O5, K2O, MgO, CaO, Na2O, K2O, MnO, TiO2 i Cr2O3)oznaczono za pomocą XRF. Pierwiastki główne i śladowe (Mo, Cu, Pb, Zn, Ni, Co, U, Cr, V, Mn, As, Th, Sr, Cd, Sb, Bi, Ba, Ti, W, Zr, Ce, Nb, Ta, Be i Sc) analizowano przy pomocy ICP-MS. Głównym celem badań była analiza koncentracji i zmienności stratygraficznej wybranych pierwiastków głównych i śladowych, jak również ocena możliwości stosowania chemostratygrafii w analizie karbońskich i mioceńskich osadów GZW. Badania geochemiczne wykazały odmienne właściwości geochemiczne próbek z karbonu produktywnego oraz miocenu. Zróżnicowanie to wyraża się głównie wzbogaceniem osadów miocenu w Ca i Sr, związane z biogenicznym materiałem węglanowym. Stwierdzono również, że stężenia pierwiastków śladowych, związanych z frakcją detrytyczną, takich jak: Zn, Cr, Co, Ba, Ti, Zr, Nb, Sc, wykazują nieco wyższe wartości w osadach karbonu. Na podstawie koncentracji pierwiastków Ti, Zr i Nb oraz wskaźników geochemicznych Th/U, Zr/Th, Ti/Zr, TiO2/K2O można zidentyfikować jednostki o różnym udziale frakcji terygenicznej, zarówno w osadach karbonu i miocenu. W pracy wykazano, że chemostratygrafia może być z powodzeniem wykorzystywana jako narzędzie stratygraficzne i korelacyjne dla utworów karbonu i miocenu Górnośląskiego Zagłębia Węglowego.
Źródło:
Gospodarka Surowcami Mineralnymi; 2023, 39, 4; 107--122
0860-0953
Pojawia się w:
Gospodarka Surowcami Mineralnymi
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Kopalne zygospory glonów Zygnemataceae (Chlorophyta) z osadów górnego miocenu KWB Bełchatów
Fossil zygospores of Zygnemataceae algae (Chlorophyta) from the Upper Miocene of the Bełchatów Lignite Mine
Autorzy:
Worobiec, E.
Worobiec, G.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2074571.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008
Wydawca:
Państwowy Instytut Geologiczny – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Tematy:
analiza pyłkowa
glony słodkowodne
zygospory
glonów Zygnemataceae
tafonomia
paleoekologia
górny miocen
Bełchatów
pollen analysis
freshwater algae
zygospores
Zygnemataceae
taphonomy
paleoecology
Upper Miocene
Opis:
The Zygnemataceae are an extant family of freshwater filamentous green algae which produce acid-resistant zygospores. Palynomorphs of probable zygnematacean affinity occur in sediments of the Carboniferous to Holocene age (van Geel & Grenfell, 1996). These algae reproduce using four types of spores, but only zygospores and probably aplanospores are acid-resistant and can be preserved in the fossil record. The majority of recent species have zygospores of constant form of three types: elliptical (occurring in genera Debarya and Spirogyra), square (occurring in Mougeotia) or circular (occurring in Zygnema). The zygospores normally have a three-layered wall (exospore, mesospore and endospore), but only mesospore contains a decay and acid-resistant substance (most probably algaenans), so usually only this layer is preserved in fossil state, and is of interest to palynologists. The mesospore layer is smooth or ornamented with various sculptures (Kadłubowska, 1972; Grenfell, 1995). The shape and sculpture are very important features for determination of both the recent and fossil species. Two samples from the Bełchatów Lignite Mine were palynologically examined and two types of probable fossil zygnematacean zygospores, differing in shape, were encountered. The following species have been distinguished: Tetraporina sp., Spintetrapidites quadriformis Krutzsch & Pacltová as well as Ovoidites elongatus (Hunger) Krutzsch, and O. ligneolus Potonié ex Krutzsch. The fossil genus Tetraporina is usually related to the recent zygnematacean algae zygospores of Mougeotia genus, fossil Ovoidites is the nearest the recent zygospores of Spirogyra and Sirogonium, while Spintetrapidites is similar to both zygospores of Zygnemataceae and Tetraedron green algae. Species of recent genera Mougeotia and Spirogyra are usually found in shallow, freshwater, oxygen-rich environments such as ponds, lake margins (paludal or low gradient fluvial), ditches and very slowly moving streams (Kadłubowska, 1972). Occurrence of Tetraporina and Ovoidites zygnematacean zygospores in the material studied from Bełchatów points out at presence of water basin(s) during sedimentation time. That confirms the previous geological results that formation of examined sediments took place in the environment of a meandering river (including ox-bow lakes).
Źródło:
Przegląd Geologiczny; 2008, 56, 11; 1000-1004
0033-2151
Pojawia się w:
Przegląd Geologiczny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Local sediment sources and palaeoflow directions in Upper Miocene turbidites of the Pannonian Basin System (Croatian part), based on mapping of reservoir properties
Autorzy:
Novak-Zelenika, K.
Velić, J.
Malvić, T.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2060013.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Państwowy Instytut Geologiczny – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Tematy:
Sequential Indicator Simulations
Upper Miocene sandstones
turbidites
Croatia
Sava Depression
reservoirs
Opis:
The source of the clastic sediments in the Croatian part of the Pannonian Basin System (CPBS) during the Late Pannonian and Early Pontian was the Eastern Alps. Clastic sediments were redeposited several times before they reached the Sava Depression. The depositional environment and sediment transport mechanisms have been subject to detailed analysis described in many publications, and this study builds on previous research. We have carried out geostatistical mapping of selected Upper Pannonian and Lower Pontian reservoir variables of the Kloštar Field, located to the west of the Moslavačka gora Mt. (Croatia). This has shown that the Moslavačka gora Mt. was a secondary, local source of sediment, in contrast to the previous interpretation of a single, distant clastic source (Eastern Alps) for the CPBS during the Late Miocene. As the mineralogical composition of the Moslavačka gora Mt. and the Eastern Alps is very similar, the dominant direction of turbidity currents obtained by sequential indicator simulations are used to suggest that a modest amount of detritus was eroded from the Moslavačka gora Mt. and mixed with detritus sourced from the Eastern Alps.
Źródło:
Geological Quarterly; 2013, 57, 1; 17--30
1641-7291
Pojawia się w:
Geological Quarterly
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Neogene karst sinkhole and its deposits from Górażdże Quarry, Upper Silesia : archive for palaeoenvironmental reconstructions
Autorzy:
Szulc, J.
Worobiec, E.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/191351.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Geologiczne
Tematy:
palaeokarst
sinkhole deposits
palynology
Late Miocene
Upper Silesia
Opis:
A sinkhole, developed in Middle Triassic limestones and filled with clastic and organic deposits, including lignite, was studied, in terms of its origin and age. The sinkhole represents a solution sinkhole, which originated through the subsidence of surficial deposits into an underlying cave system. The study permitted the recognition of three main stages of sinkhole evolution. During the initial stage, subterranean and surface karstification proceeded concurrently. As a result, a terra rossa cover developed at the surface and a cavern system was formed in the underlying bedrocks. During the second phase, both systems became connected and the soil cover subsided. This, in turn, involved the formation of a depression at the land surface and ponding of the drainage water. The pond was filled with plant debris, later giving rise to lignite formation. During the third and final stage, the sinkhole was filled with quartz sands with kaolinite, derived from eroded, Upper Cretaceous sandstones and marls. Results of pollen analysis from the sinkhole indicate the presence of mesophytic forests and show a significant role of riparian forests and herbaceous vegetation. The occurrence of abundant, freshwater algae and the pollen of aquatic plants evidences sedimentation of the infill in a water body (pond). The apparent dominance of arctotertiary and cosmopolitan, palaeofloristical elements, as well as the occurrence of only sparse, palaeotropical elements (mainly subtropical), indicate a warm-temperate climate (cooler than during the Early and Middle Miocene period). A comparison of the sporomorph association from the sinkhole with those from other Neogene sites provides evidence of its Late Miocene age (Late Pannonian–Early Pontian).
Źródło:
Annales Societatis Geologorum Poloniae; 2012, 82, 4; 371--385
0208-9068
Pojawia się w:
Annales Societatis Geologorum Poloniae
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The beaver Steneofiber depereti from the lower Upper Miocene hominid locality Hammerschmiede and remarks on its ecology
Autorzy:
Lechner, T.
Bohme, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/31341356.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Paleobiologii PAN
Tematy:
beaver
Steneofiber depereti
dental remains
Upper Miocene
locality
Hammerschmiede district
ecology
Mammalia
Rodentia
Castoridae
mortality
Miocene
Germany
Bavaria
Źródło:
Acta Palaeontologica Polonica; 2022, 67, 4; 807-826
0567-7920
Pojawia się w:
Acta Palaeontologica Polonica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Wyniki badań mikropaleontologicznych utworów jury górnej, kredy górnej i miocenu w otworach wiertniczych Trojanowice 2 i Cianowice 2 (południowo-wschodnia część Wyżyny Krakowsko-Częstochowskiej)
Results of micropaleontological investigations of the Upper Jurassic, Upper Cretaceous and Miocene sediments in the Trojanowice 2 and Cianowice 2 boreholes (south-eastern part of the Kraków-Częstochowa Upland)
Autorzy:
Olszewska, B.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2061889.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Państwowy Instytut Geologiczny – Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Tematy:
biostratygrafia
mikroskamieniałości
miocen
kreda górna
jura środkowa i górna
Trojanowice 2
Cianowice 2
Wyżyna Krakowsko-Częstochowska
biostratigraphy
microfossils
Miocene
Upper Cretaceous
Middle-Upper Jurassic
Trojanowice 2 and Cianowice 2 boreholes
Kraków-Częstochowa Upland
Opis:
Z otworów wiertniczych Trojanowice 2 i Cianowice 2 opracowano mikropaleontologicznie utwory miocenu, kredy górnej, jury górnej i stropu jury środkowej. Miocen (otwór Trojanowice 2) jest reprezentowany przez utwory ogniwa iłów spirialisowych formacji z Machowa z charakterystyczną Velapertina indigena (Łuczkowska) (późny baden) oraz przez warstwy skawińskie z Praeorbulina glomerosa (Blow) (wczesny baden). Utwory kredy górnej z uwagi na obecność w zespołach form zbliżonych do Stensioeina exculpta (Reuss) wiekowo odniesiono do późnej kredy. Utwory jury górnej zawierają trzy zróżnicowane gatunkowo zespoły mikroskamieniałości: 1 – z Protomarssonella jurassica (Mityanina) i Colomisphaera carpathica (Borza) (późny oksford), 2 – z Ophthalmidium strumosum (Gümbel) i Paalzowella turbinella (Gümbel) (?środkowy–wczesny oksford); 3 – Globuligerina oxfordiana Grigelis, Colomisphaera fibrata (Nagy) i Comittosphaera czestochowiensis Rehánek (wczesny oksford). Wapienie krynoidowe i piaskowce allochemiczne stropu jury środkowej zawierały ubogi zespół otwornic aglutynujących keloweju z Verneuilinoides minimus (Kosyreva), Protomarssonella osowiensis Bielecka et Styk i Dorothia insperata Bułynnikova. W utworach tych stwierdzono również obecność gatunku Bosniella croatica (Gušić) związanego z obszarami płytkowodnej sedymentacji węglanowej.
Miocene, Upper Cretaceous and Middle/Late Jurassic sediments from the Trojanowice 2 and Cianowice 2 boreholes were studied for microfossils. Miocene sediments (Trojanowice 2 borehole only) are represented by the “Spirialis Clays” member of the Machów Formation (Late Badenian) with Velapertina indigena (Łuczkowska), and by the Skawina Beds (Early Badenian) with Praeorbulina glomerosa (Blow). Upper Cretaceous (Senonian) sediments are documented by the occurrence of forms similar to Stensioeina exculpta (Reuss). Upper Jurassic sediments contain three different assemblages: 1 – with Protomarssonella jurassica (Mityanina) and Colomisphaera carpathica (Borza) (Late Oxfordian); 2 – with Ophthalmidium strumosum (Gümbel) and Paalzowella turbinella (Gümbel) (?Middle–Early Oxfordian); 3 – with Globuligerina oxfordiana Grigelis, Colomisphaera fibrata (Nagy) and Comittosphaera czestochowiensis Rehánek (Early Oxfordian). Crinoidal limestone and allochemic sandstone of the uppermost Middle Jurassic sediments containan impoverished assemblage of agglutinated foraminifers: Verneuilinoides minimus (Kosyreva), Protomarssonella osowiensis (Bielecka et Styk) and Dorothia insperata Bułynnikova. Additionally, a typical carbonate platform foraminifer Bosniella croatica (Gušić) is observed.
Źródło:
Biuletyn Państwowego Instytutu Geologicznego; 2014, 459; 109--131
0867-6143
Pojawia się w:
Biuletyn Państwowego Instytutu Geologicznego
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
    Wyświetlanie 1-10 z 10

    Ta witryna wykorzystuje pliki cookies do przechowywania informacji na Twoim komputerze. Pliki cookies stosujemy w celu świadczenia usług na najwyższym poziomie, w tym w sposób dostosowany do indywidualnych potrzeb. Korzystanie z witryny bez zmiany ustawień dotyczących cookies oznacza, że będą one zamieszczane w Twoim komputerze. W każdym momencie możesz dokonać zmiany ustawień dotyczących cookies