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    Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 15
    Tytuł:
    A Solution for Traffic Jam in Istanbul on East/West Direction
    Autorzy:
    Turan, K. Ö.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/409451.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2015
    Wydawca:
    Politechnika Poznańska. Wydawnictwo Politechniki Poznańskiej
    Tematy:
    Istanbul
    Transit Transportation
    Fuel Consumption
    CO2 emission
    RoRo
    Opis:
    İstanbul is a big city, located on east-west direction and enlarging every day on both direction with full of people living and working on both sides of city and utilizing two bridges both by private cars and by urban transport vehicles. At the same time, İstanbul is a city connecting east-west road freight transit transportation, but unfortunately having only one bridge to be used by transit vehicles. Based on year 2013 figures, daily 173.579 private cars and small vehicles and 1.700 buses passed over Bosphorus Bridge while there are daily 180.318 private cars and small vehicles and 10.200 trucks and trailers and heavy vehicles for Fatih Sultan Mehmet Bridge. The purpose of this study is to determine the benefits of new RoRo lines between Tuzla – Ambarlı on bases of minimizing CO2 emission, number of trucks and trailers diverted from bridges to sea, saving on fuel consumption and time on route gained by diverting these vehicles to new Roro lines.
    Źródło:
    Research in Logistics & Production; 2015, 5, 3; 311-322
    2083-4942
    2083-4950
    Pojawia się w:
    Research in Logistics & Production
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Strategic development of cargo transit services: a case study analysis
    Autorzy:
    Shpak, N.
    Dvulit, Z.
    Luchnikova, T.
    Sroka, W.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/125588.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Politechnika Białostocka. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Białostockiej
    Tematy:
    strategic development
    transit transportation
    railway
    transit
    management
    income
    European integration
    rozwój strategiczny
    transport tranzytowy
    kolej żelazna
    tranzyt
    zarządzanie
    dochód
    integracja europejska
    Opis:
    Purpose. Recently, foreign economic activity in Ukraine has gradually shifted towards the European Union (EU). The EU’s special interest in the potential of Ukraine’s transit transport lies in the geographical position of the country, which is located on the main routes of international freight traffic. The article aims to study the status and development opportunities in the field of transit freight transport of the Ukrainian railway joint-stock company (JSC Ukrzaliznytsya) within the framework of European integration. Methodology. The article presents the analysis of the activity of the JSC Ukrzaliznytsya in the field of transit freight transport for the period of 2005-2017 and outlines the strategic prospects for its development as a significant transit route considering the conditions of European integration. The methodology included theoretical and practical research using statistical methods; methods of comparative analysis; ABC analysis method; and taxonomic method. Results. The JSC Ukrzaliznytsya was analysed to determine the status of its activity in the field of transit freight transportation for 2005-2017. A structural-dynamic analysis was made to estimate cargo volumes transported by railway enterprises and related revenues. 18 types of cargo were identified using the ABC analysis method based on two indicators, namely, “volumes of transportation” and “revenues from cargo transit”. Also, taxonomic indicators of the level of system development were considered and revenues from cargo transit for the analysed period were estimated. Finally, recommendations were proposed regarding the development of a joint-stock company as a strategic cargo transporter under the conditions of European integration with Ukraine. Practical implications (if applicable). The results of the conducted research and performed calculations confirmed the need to refocus the management activity of the JSC Ukrzaliznytsya in the field of cargo transit towards strategically important cargoes, which have the largest share in the structure of financial results. This will enable the company to achieve its leading role as a strategic transit carrier of the European Union in the near future.
    Źródło:
    Engineering Management in Production and Services; 2018, 10, 4; 76-84
    2543-6597
    2543-912X
    Pojawia się w:
    Engineering Management in Production and Services
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Investigation of the influence of transit time on a multistate transportation network in tourism
    Autorzy:
    Nguyen, Thi-Phuong
    Lin, Yi-Kuei
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2038005.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Polskie Naukowo-Techniczne Towarzystwo Eksploatacyjne PAN
    Tematy:
    multistate transportation network
    reliability
    transit time
    budget limitation
    time threshold
    Opis:
    Reliability has been widely used as a potential indicator of the performance assessment for several real-life networks. Focus on a multistate transportation network in tourism (MTN), this study evaluates the reliability of the MTN as a basis for investigating the influence of transit time. Reliability is the probability to fulfill transportation demand under the given time threshold and budget limitation and evaluated at various levels of transit times. An algorithm, which employs the boundary points and recursive sum of disjoint products technique, is proposed to evaluate the MTN reliability. According to the obtained results, this paper analyzes the influence of transit times on MTN reliability. Particularly, this paper discusses and provides some suggestions about the appropriate transit time to maintain reliability. Decision-makers in the tourism industry also can predetermine the significant drops of reliability to improve the relevant transit times. Besides, the proposed investigation is indicated and proved through an illustrative example and a practical case.
    Źródło:
    Eksploatacja i Niezawodność; 2021, 23, 4; 670-677
    1507-2711
    Pojawia się w:
    Eksploatacja i Niezawodność
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Investigation of the influence of transit time on a multistate transportation network in tourism
    Autorzy:
    Nguyen, Thi-Phuong
    Lin, Yi-Kuei
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2038104.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Polskie Naukowo-Techniczne Towarzystwo Eksploatacyjne PAN
    Tematy:
    multistate transportation network
    reliability
    transit time
    budget limitation
    time threshold
    Opis:
    Reliability has been widely used as a potential indicator of the performance assessment for several real-life networks. Focus on a multistate transportation network in tourism (MTN), this study evaluates the reliability of the MTN as a basis for investigating the influence of transit time. Reliability is the probability to fulfill transportation demand under the given time threshold and budget limitation and evaluated at various levels of transit times. An algorithm, which employs the boundary points and recursive sum of disjoint products technique, is proposed to evaluate the MTN reliability. According to the obtained results, this paper analyzes the influence of transit times on MTN reliability. Particularly, this paper discusses and provides some suggestions about the appropriate transit time to maintain reliability. Decision-makers in the tourism industry also can predetermine the significant drops of reliability to improve the relevant transit times. Besides, the proposed investigation is indicated and proved through an illustrative example and a practical case.
    Źródło:
    Eksploatacja i Niezawodność; 2021, 23, 4; 670-677
    1507-2711
    Pojawia się w:
    Eksploatacja i Niezawodność
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Development of transit and socio-economical potential of Eastern Ukraine on the example of Lugansk region
    Razvitie tranzitnogo i socialno-ehkonomicheskogo potenciala Vostochnojj Ukrainy na primere Luganskojj oblasti
    Autorzy:
    Slobodyanyuk, M.
    Lapaeva, E.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/793060.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2012
    Wydawca:
    Komisja Motoryzacji i Energetyki Rolnictwa
    Tematy:
    traffic flow
    transportation
    transit
    socioeconomic potential
    interregional cooperation
    transit communication
    logistic infrastructure
    cargo traffic
    Ukraine
    Lugansk Region
    Opis:
    This article considers the questions of creating the Euro-region on the example of Lugansk region, Ukraine. International, inter-regional cooperation is an important component in the development of foreign economic relations of Ukraine. Reforming of social - economic relationships in Ukraine, structural rearrangement of all mechanisms of society vital functions creates the background for the acceleration of territorial development of every region, first of all at the expense of beneficial geographical position and technological accessibility of transport - logistic service.
    В данной статье рассматриваются вопросы создания Еврорегиона на примере Луганской области, Украины. Международное, межрегиональное сотрудничество является важной составляющей в развитии внешнеэкономических связей Украины. Реформирование социально – экономических отношений в Украине, структурная перестройка всех механизмов жизнедеятельности общества создает предпосылки для ускорения территориального развития каждого из регионов прежде всего за счет выгодности географического расположения и технологической доступности транспортно – логистических услуг.
    Źródło:
    Teka Komisji Motoryzacji i Energetyki Rolnictwa; 2012, 12, 3
    1641-7739
    Pojawia się w:
    Teka Komisji Motoryzacji i Energetyki Rolnictwa
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Transit in Regional Economic Development: The Case of the Kaliningrad Exclave
    Autorzy:
    Voloshenko, Ksenia Yu.
    Gumenyuk, Ivan S.
    Arne Roos, Nils Göran
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1019577.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2020-06-30
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
    Tematy:
    transit
    transportation system
    regional economy
    situational forecasting and strategizing
    Kaliningrad region
    Opis:
    The study analyses the role of the transit function in the development of a regional transport system drawing on the example of the Kaliningrad exclave region (Russia). The article studies the role and extent of the impact of changes in the volume and structure of transit operations on the value-added creation in the regional economy. The assessment of the transit function was conducted using analytical software for strategizing and situational forecasting of the socio-economic development of the Kaliningrad region, the analogue of which is the CGE-model. The article describes the results of the regional value-added modelling based on the integrated index of gross regional product (GRP) and the changing volume and structure of transit cargo. The article explores the transit specialisation options for the Kaliningrad region based on different scenarios of its social and economic development and the changes in external factors. The results can be applied to similar studies on assessing the transit potential of a particular territory and developing measures to support the transportation system development in other regions.
    Źródło:
    European Spatial Research and Policy; 2020, 27, 1; 263-280
    1231-1952
    1896-1525
    Pojawia się w:
    European Spatial Research and Policy
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Geographic features of zero-emissions urban mobility: the case of electric buses in Europe and Belarus
    Autorzy:
    Bezruchonak, Andrei
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/623669.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
    Tematy:
    electric buses
    new mobility
    public transit
    sustainable transportation
    infrastructure
    Minsk
    Europe
    Opis:
    This article reviews the emerging phenomena of electric buses’ deployment in Europe and Belarus within the general framework of the concept of sustainable and electric urban mobility. The author offers a brief overview of electric bus technologies available on the market and a spatial analysis of fleet deployment in Europe. The analysis of the spatial structure of the distribution of e-buses in Europe indicated that, in terms of the number of vehicles in operation, the UK and the Netherlands are the regional leaders, while in terms of the number of cities testing e-buses – Germany, Sweden, and Poland are the leaders. The analysis showed that the main factors supporting the distribution of innovative technology and public support are legislative and regulative framework as well as clear strategic planning and cooperation between local administrations and transportation authorities. Other important aspects, such as network building features, and the location of the charging infrastructure were also discussed. The analysis of the case study of Minsk (the first city to introduce electric buses in Belarus) outlined the typical limiting factors for all types of markets: high battery costs and dependency on infrastructure; recommendations are given to emphasise bus fleet replacement (instead of trolleybus) and to develop a comprehensive sustainable urban mobility strategy.
    Źródło:
    European Spatial Research and Policy; 2019, 26, 1; 81-99
    1231-1952
    1896-1525
    Pojawia się w:
    European Spatial Research and Policy
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Towards Transit-Oriented Development for Sustainable Urban Mobility: Insights from a Central European City
    Autorzy:
    Leśniewski, Maksymilian
    Świąder, Małgorzata
    Kaczmarek, Iwona
    Garcia Castro, David
    Kamińska, Joanna A.
    Pilawka, Tomasz
    Kazak, Jan K.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1838026.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2021
    Wydawca:
    Akademia Górniczo-Hutnicza im. Stanisława Staszica w Krakowie. Wydawnictwo AGH
    Tematy:
    sustainable transportation
    public transport
    urban rail
    geospatial network analysis
    transit-oriented development
    Opis:
    Sustainable Development Goals require holistic actions, including activity at the intersection of urban planning and environmental engineering. Turning our cities towards transit oriented development might help in reducing pollutant emissions caused by individual transportation modes that rely on crude oil. This research presents how the use of geospatial network analysis can support local decision makers in the evaluation of potential public transport accessibility by citizens in the case of a Central European city – Wrocław (Poland). The obtained results indicate differentiation in access to railway stations and stops, which results from pedestrian path networks and the number of entrances to railway stations. The visualization of serve area shows which parts of the city are excluded from comfortable access to public transport and in that way high light where future actions should be taken.
    Źródło:
    Geomatics and Environmental Engineering; 2021, 15, 3; 39-53
    1898-1135
    Pojawia się w:
    Geomatics and Environmental Engineering
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    The energy diplomacy of Ukraine as an effective and powerful tool for improving national energy security
    Autorzy:
    Rotar, Nataliia
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/643054.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Fundacja Copernicus na rzecz Rozwoju Badań Naukowych
    Tematy:
    energy diplomacy
    gas transportation system
    transit country
    Ukraine
    energy strategy
    national energy security
    Opis:
    This article reveals the essence of energy diplomacy in Ukraine to be an effective and powerful tool for improving national energy security. The focus lies on an analysis of the European energy diplomacy rules that presuppose the ability to take into account the interests of all parties, including the interests of Ukraine, which comply with European legislation and should be considered as an integral part of the EU gas market. With a powerful resource, it is a transit country for’ the transportation of gas, Ukraine needs to concentrate all its efforts on maintaining the status of a geopolitical player. However, playing by European rules requires compliance with European standards on the organization of gas production and transportation. Currently, Ukraine has been developing an proactive energy diplomacy strategy that faces external challenges and threats. While playing a crucial role as a strategic geopolitical gas transit country, Ukraine requires the use of proactive strategies to advance the agenda for European energy security. To conclude, it is necessary that Ukraine should vigorously develop suitable energy diplomacy as an effective tool for improving energy security both on the national and European levels.This article reveals the essence of energy diplomacy in Ukraine to be an effective and powerful tool for improving national energy security. The focus lies on an analysis of the European energy diplomacy rules that presuppose the ability to take into account the interests of all parties, including the interests of Ukraine, which comply with European legislation and should be considered as an integral part of the EU gas market. With a powerful resource, it is a transit country for’ the transportation of gas, Ukraine needs to concentrate all its efforts on maintaining the status of a geopolitical player. However, playing by European rules requires compliance with European standards on the organization of gas production and transportation. Currently, Ukraine has been developing an proactive energy diplomacy strategy that faces external challenges and threats. While playing a crucial role as a strategic geopolitical gas transit country, Ukraine requires the use of proactive strategies to advance the agenda for European energy security. To conclude, it is necessary that Ukraine should vigorously develop suitable energy diplomacy as an effective tool for improving energy security both on the national and European levels.
    This article reveals the essence of energy diplomacy in Ukraine to be an effective and powerful tool for improving national energy security. The focus lies on an analysis of the European energy diplomacy rules that presuppose the ability to take into account the interests of all parties, including the interests of Ukraine, which comply with European legislation and should be considered as an integral part of the EU gas market. With a powerful resource, it is a transit country for’ the transportation of gas, Ukraine needs to concentrate all its efforts on maintaining the status of a geopolitical player. However, playing by European rules requires compliance with European standards on the organization of gas production and transportation. Currently, Ukraine has been developing an proactive energy diplomacy strategy that faces external challenges and threats. While playing a crucial role as a strategic geopolitical gas transit country, Ukraine requires the use of proactive strategies to advance the agenda for European energy security. To conclude, it is necessary that Ukraine should vigorously develop suitable energy diplomacy as an effective tool for improving energy security both on the national and European levels.
    Źródło:
    The Copernicus Journal of Political Studies; 2018, 1
    2299-4335
    Pojawia się w:
    The Copernicus Journal of Political Studies
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Wybrane projekty na rzecz zrównoważonej mobilności miejskiej w rosyjskich miastach
    Selected projects for sustainable urban mobility in russian cities
    Autorzy:
    Gdowska, K.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/249555.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2016
    Wydawca:
    Stowarzyszenie Inżynierów i Techników Komunikacji Rzeczpospolitej Polskiej
    Tematy:
    mobilność miejska
    transport miejski
    zrównoważona mobilność
    Rosja
    urban mobility
    urban transportation
    transit
    sustainable mobility
    Russia
    Opis:
    Niniejszy artykuł poświęcony jest problemowi zrównoważonej mobilności miejskiej w Rosji – kraju o dużych potrzebach transportowych, zarówno długodystansowych, jak i lokalnych. Rosyjskie aglomeracje, ze stolicą na czele, charakteryzują się olbrzymią kongestią ruchu samochodowego, która, wraz z niewystarczającą liczbą miejsc parkingowych w centrach, powoduje problemy ekologiczne, zdrowotne i ujemnie wpływa na jakość życia. Dlatego w Rosji szczególnie istotną rolę odgrywa rozwój miejskich systemów transportowych – zarówno w sferze infrastruktury, jak i organizacji i multimodalności. W artykule przedstawiono wybrane projekty na rzecz zrównoważonej mobilności realizowane w Moskwie oraz kilku innych rosyjskich miastach. Przedstawione projekty na rzecz zrównoważonej mobilności charakteryzują się różnym stopniem zaawansowania – od analiz sytuacji miejskiej do wdrożonych rozwiązań. Jednakże cele i spodziewane rezultaty wszystkich programów są podobne: ograniczenie ruchu samochodów prywatnych w centrach miast, zwiększenie liczby mieszkańców korzystających z komunikacji miejskiej – zbiorowej lub indywidualnej, zmniejszenie zanieczyszczenia i hałasu, a w konsekwencji wzrost komfortu i jakości życia w mieście.
    This paper is devoted to sustainable urban mobility in Russia – the county of huge needs for both long-distance as well as local transport. Russian agglomerations have huge congestion of road traffic and they are short of parking space in the city centers. It results in environmental and health problems and undermines the quality of life of the citizens. For that reasons it is crucial for Russian cities to develop integrated sustainable public transportation systems, including transport infrastructure, management and multimodality. In this paper several projects for sustainable urban mobility are presented; the projects are introduced in Moscow and some other cities. The level of implementation of these projects is not the same – there are analyses of transport situation and fully implemented projects. However, the objectives and expected results of the projects are similar: reduction of the use of private cars in the city centers, increase of the number of citizens that use urban transportation – collective or individual – instead of private cars, decrease of pollution and noise. The main result of the projects is to increase comfort and the quality of live in the sustainable cities.
    Źródło:
    Zeszyty Naukowo-Techniczne Stowarzyszenia Inżynierów i Techników Komunikacji w Krakowie. Seria: Materiały Konferencyjne; 2016, 4(111); 33-47
    1231-9171
    Pojawia się w:
    Zeszyty Naukowo-Techniczne Stowarzyszenia Inżynierów i Techników Komunikacji w Krakowie. Seria: Materiały Konferencyjne
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Value engineering applications for managing sustainable intermodal transportation infrastructure assets
    Autorzy:
    Uddin, W.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/407097.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2013
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    economic evaluation
    Infrastructure Assets
    GHG emission
    socio-economic
    sustainable
    transportation
    life cycle
    Mass Transit
    PRT
    value engineering
    Opis:
    Frequent gridlocks and traffic jams during the periods of rush hours can result in long user delays and more vehicle emissions causing continuous degradation of air quality. The builtinfrastructure of densely populated cities and intercity travel by passenger and freight traffic lead to significant adverse impacts of traffic congestion on air quality, greenhouse gas emissions, and global warming. Transportation contributes 28% of energy related greenhouse gas emissions in the U.S. This paper shows that traffic related carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions are higher per capita for several rural and smaller cities compared to large urban areas in the United States. Inadequate use of mass transit, urban sprawl, construction of more roads and traditional stop-controlled intersections, and addition of more lanes to increase traffic capacity and ease congestion, are primary causes of significant vehicle emission inventory of CO2 and air quality degradation. It is shown that sustainable traffic management policies, such as reduction of work-related travel by cars and more use of mass transit modes, can decrease CO2 emissions. Case studies of value engineering applications are presented to select cost-effective less polluting mass transport strategies based on economic evaluation of life cycle costs and benefits.
    Źródło:
    Management and Production Engineering Review; 2013, 4, 1; 74-84
    2080-8208
    2082-1344
    Pojawia się w:
    Management and Production Engineering Review
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Analysis of residents travel characteristics along beijing rail transit line based on binary choice model
    Autorzy:
    Cai, Z.
    Yan, J.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/224099.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    urban transportation
    rail transit
    travel characteristics
    site attraction area
    binary choice models
    transport miejski
    transport kolejowy
    charakterystyka transportu
    Opis:
    From ancient to modern times, in the historical process of urban development, urban transportation has been developing along with the development of the city's political, economic and cultural industries, and the relationship between each other has always been a topic constantly discussed by planning scholars. The development of urban transportation promotes the urban population gathering and industrial development, and promotes the development of urban geographical space. At the same time, it also brings endless convenience to urban residents, so that they can complete the displacement from the beginning to the destination with relatively low cost. However, with the rapid development of urban scale and the rapid growth of urban population, the problems of traffic congestion and land resource shortage in big cities of China seriously restrict the improvement of the quality of life of residents and the further development of the city. In this context, compact city is the inevitable choice for future urban development, while the transportation system supporting compact city form can only be public transportation. As a high-volume, efficient and rapid public transport mode, rail transit can not only solve the traffic congestion problem in high-density areas of cities, but also optimize the development and utilization of urban land and adjust the urban spatial layout, which is of great significance for the sustainable development of cities. The network of rail transit in Beijing becomes the backbone of public passenger transport system, and play an irreplaceable role in guiding the urban space layout adjustment, population migration and the transformation of traffic structure. The study of travel characteristics of the residents who live along the rail transit, in-depth analysis the relationship of the rail transit, the population migration and commuter travel, it is of great significance providing decision support for urban planning. Based on binary choice model, establishing the residents' travel choice model, rail transit impact model of different crowds. Study the relationship between rail transit and residents' travel characteristics, predict the rail transit to guide the trend of population migration.
    Źródło:
    Archives of Transport; 2018, 47, 3; 19-27
    0866-9546
    2300-8830
    Pojawia się w:
    Archives of Transport
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Transportation service of small towns
    Obsługa transportowa małych miast
    Autorzy:
    Zalewski, Andrzej
    Kempa, Jan
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1836312.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Uniwersytet Opolski
    Tematy:
    transportation service
    small towns
    traffic calming
    transit roads through towns
    obsługa transportowa
    miasta małe
    uspokojenie ruchu
    przejścia dróg tranzytowych przez miasta
    Opis:
    The main problem connected with transport in small towns is an efficient passage of the transit route through the town. Road traffic planning is considered to be vital, which in many cases is not possible due to high costs. Another effective solution is calming the traffic along the route through towns, especially in the central areas, with lowering the speed limit to 30-40 kph (exceptionally allowing 50 kph). In this way, a consensus is achieved between the needs of traffic and town’s functioning. In consequence, the status of “priority for the town” is thus given. Ample experience confirms that there is a significant improvement in traffic safety on the main road, including: decrease in the number of deaths, reduction of traffic speed, improvement in the safety of vulnerable road users, improvement in the aesthetics and appearance of public space, improving parking conditions and reducing air pollution. Effects are achieved by reducing the speed and rebuilding of street sections. In the cross-sections of streets, new solutions for pedestrian and bicycle traffic develop the public space, which in this way becomes friendly to residents. Linear infrastructure for bicycles may be limited only to a road with a high car traffic density. The planned road solution must be integrally connected with spatial development. The threshold of road nuisance perceptible on the street in a small town is lower than in medium-sized and large cities. The average annual traffic daily volume should not exceed 5000 vpd. In the aspect of protection of living environment conditions, traffic intensity on small town streets should be by half lower (<2000 vpd), which means a moderate traffic function of the street.  
    Głównym problemem transportowym w małych miastach jest sprawne przeprowadzenie drogi tranzytowej przez miasto. Za celowe uważa się planowanie obejść drogowych, co w wielu wypadkach nie jest możliwe ze względu na wysokie koszty. Innym i efektywnym rozwiązaniem jest uspokajanie drogi na przebiegu przez miasto, szczególnie w obszarze centralnym z ograniczeniem dozwolonej prędkości do 30–40 km/h (wyjątkowo do 50 km/h). Osiąga się w ten sposób konsensus między w ruchem drogowym a funkcjonowaniem miasta. Tym samym nadany zostaje „priorytet dla miasta”. Następuje wówczas znacząca poprawa stanu bezpieczeństwa ruchu na głównym ciągu drogowym, w tym redukcja liczby ofiar śmiertelnych, a także poprawa: warunków niechronionych uczestników ruchu, warunków parkowania, stanu estetyki i wyglądu przestrzeni publicznej oraz zmniejszenie zanieczyszczeń powietrza. Efekty osiąga się przez obniżenie prędkości oraz przebudowę przekrojów ulicznych. W przekrojach ulic pojawiają się nowe rozwiązania dla ruchu pieszego i rowerowego meblujące przestrzeń publiczną, która w ten sposób staje się przyjazna mieszkańcom. Infrastruktura liniowa dla rowerów może być ograniczona tylko do ciągów drogowych o dużym ruchu samochodowym. Planowane rozwiązanie drogowe musi być integralnie powiązane z zagospodarowaniem przestrzennym. Próg uciążliwości ruchu drogowego odczuwalny na ulicy w mieście małym jest niższy niż w miastach średnich i dużych. Średniodobowe roczne natężenie ruchu nie powinno być większe niż 5000 p/d. W aspekcie ochrony warunków środowiska zamieszkania natężenia ruchu na ulicach miast małych powinny być o połowę niższe (< 2000 p/d), co oznacza umiarkowaną funkcję ruchową ulicy.
    Źródło:
    Studia Miejskie; 2018, 31; 11-23
    2543-5302
    2082-4793
    Pojawia się w:
    Studia Miejskie
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Assessment of safety and economy of navigation in ice on the Northern Sea Route
    Ocena bezpieczeństwa i ekonomiki żeglugi w lodach na Północnej Drodze Morskiej
    Autorzy:
    Pastusiak, T.
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/311575.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2018
    Wydawca:
    Instytut Naukowo-Wydawniczy "SPATIUM"
    Tematy:
    Northern Sea Route
    transit
    ice navigation
    sea transportation
    transport economics
    Północna Droga Morska
    przewozy tranzytowe
    transport morski
    żegluga morska w lodach
    ekonomiczność przewozu
    Opis:
    This article discusses safety and economic issues of sea transport during transit voyages of a vessel across the North Sea Route (NSR) in the Arctic Ocean. The main obstacles to shipping and threat to vessels are the regions of ice occurrence and, in particular, clusters of ice with high and very high concentration, thickness and hummocking occurring each year in the same places, which are called ice massifs. Speed of vessels has the greatest impact on the economy of transit voyage. The safe speed of vessels, as a means of transport that ensures trouble-free navigation of the vessels depends on ice conditions. Until now, the concept of safe speed has not been precisely defined. Also, the impact of speed of the vessel in certain ice conditions on over-coming the ice and the risk of damage to vessel has not been precisely defined. Issues of direct and potential costs of vessel’s safety, damages and consequences of damages in ice were also not fully considered. The author analyzed the above relation-ships on the example of the first commercial vessel transit voyage through the NSR and obtained generalized results that can be applied to the initial, general and tactical route planning till 10 days - 6 months ahead and transit schedule of a vessel between Europe and the Far East ports via the Northern Sea Route. The presented method should increase safety and economy of sea transportation in areas covered with ice.
    W artykule omówiono zagadnienia bezpieczeństwa i ekonomiczne transportu morskiego podczas podróży tranzytowych statku przez Północną Drogę Morską (PDM) na Oceanie Arktycznym. Głównym utrudnieniem dla żeglugi i zagrożeniem dla statków są na niej rejony występowania lodu a w szczególności skupiska lodu o dużej i bardzo dużej zwartości, grubości i zwałowaniu, występujące każdego roku w tych samych miejscach, które są nazywane masywami lodowymi. Największy wpływ na ekonomiczność podróży tranzytowych stanowi prędkość statku. Bezpieczna prędkość statku, jako środka transportu, która zapewni bezawaryjną jego nawigację zależy od warunków lodowych. Do chwili obecnej pojęcie prędkości bezpiecznej nie zostało precyzyjnie określone. Również wpływ prędkości statku w określonych warunkach żeglugi lodowej na utrudnienie żeglugi i zagrożenie uszkodzeniami statku nie zostały precyzyjnie ustalone. Nie były rozpatrywane również kwestie bezpośrednich i potencjalnych kosztów zagrożenia bezpieczeństwa statku w lodach. Autor przeanalizował powyższe zależności na przykładzie przypadku pierwszej komercyjnej podróży tranzytowej statku przez PDM i uzyskał uogólnione wyniki, które mogą być zastosowane do wstępnego, generalnego i taktycznego planowania trasy i harmonogramu podróży tranzytowej statku pomiędzy Europą i portami Dalekiego Wschodu przez Północną Drogę Morską. Przedstawiona metoda powinna zwiększyć bezpieczeństwo i ekonomiczność transportu morskiego w rejonach pokrytych lodem.
    Źródło:
    Autobusy : technika, eksploatacja, systemy transportowe; 2018, 19, 6; 193-197, CD
    1509-5878
    2450-7725
    Pojawia się w:
    Autobusy : technika, eksploatacja, systemy transportowe
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
    Tytuł:
    Optimizations of network layout and transport service frequencies in view of interests of transit line operators and utilizers
    Autorzy:
    Zhu, Xiaojing
    Feng, Xuesong
    Zhang, Lukai
    Hua, Weixin
    Powiązania:
    https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/223857.pdf
    Data publikacji:
    2019
    Wydawca:
    Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
    Tematy:
    transit network layout design
    transportation service
    service optimization
    interests of transit line operators
    interests of utilizers
    simulated annealing algorithm
    genetic algorithm
    projekt układu sieci transportowej
    usługi transportowe
    optymalizacja usług
    interesy operatorów linii tranzytowych
    interes użytkowników
    algorytm genetyczny
    Opis:
    Layouts of bus networks in cities are always irrational currently, transport service frequencies also need to be optimized according to the real network layouts, operation conditions and travel experience of passengers, so it is essential to optimize bus transit network layouts and transport service frequencies systematically. Different stakeholders are involved in the optimization of urban bus transit network layouts like the government, operators and passengers, whose interests are always contradictory. In order to optimize transit network layout and service frequencies from the view point of operators and utilizers, this research constructs a multi-objective model and proposes a solution algorithm. The proposed multi-objective model is established from the perspective of operators with the goal of minimizing total operating costs for one day, and from the perspective of the utilizers to minimize the total travel time, respectively. Also with the application of electric bus in cities, buses in this research are electric buses all for green travel. Moreover, a solution algorithm is proposed in this research to solve the proposed multi-objective model with simulated annealing algorithm and genetic algorithm. Simulated annealing algorithm is used as the main framework of the solution algorithm from the perspective of operators to minimize operating costs, while genetic algorithm is used as the subroutine of simulated annealing algorithm to optimize total travel time. Verification of the proposed model and the solution algorithm is based on an intuitive network. The application results of a numerical experiment verified that the proposed optimization model and the solution algorithm are able to optimize the network layout and service frequencies at the same time.
    Źródło:
    Archives of Transport; 2019, 50, 2; 47-55
    0866-9546
    2300-8830
    Pojawia się w:
    Archives of Transport
    Dostawca treści:
    Biblioteka Nauki
    Artykuł
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