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Tytuł:
War losses: a three-volume publication of the Museum of Gdańsk
Straty wojenne – trzytomowa publikacja Muzeum Gdańska
Autorzy:
Chodyński, Antoni Romuald
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1932672.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021-06-16
Wydawca:
Krajowy Ośrodek Badań i Dokumentacji Zabytków
Tematy:
culture losses following WW II
Gdańsk
Main City Town Hall
Artus Manor
Uphagen House
straty kultury po II wojnie światowej
Ratusz Głównego Miasta
Dwór Artusa
Dom Uphagena
Opis:
Released in three separate volumes, the publication continues the Polish museology series published for several years now and related to the losses incurred as a result of WW II within the borders of today’s Republic of Poland. The Preface to Volume I on the war losses of the Town Hall of the Main City of Gdańsk by the Director of the Museum in Gdańsk Waldemar Ossowski, contains reflections essential for the discussed issue. The three-volume series opens with the War Losses of the Town Hall of the Main City of Gdańsk (Vol. I). Briefly, the most essential facts have been highlighted in the story of its raising, and the functions of the major Town Hall interiors, both sumptuous and serving as offices, have been described: the Grand Hallway, the Grand Room called Red or Summer Room, the Small Room of the Council called Winter Room, the Grand Room of the City Council, the Treasury, and the Deposit Room. In the final months of WW II, Gdańsk lost about 80% of its most precious historic substance within the Main City. As early as in April 1945, the search for and the recovery of the dispersed cultural heritage began. War Losses of the Artus Manor and the Gdańsk Hallway in Gdańsk (Vol. 2) begins with a sepia photograph from 1879. As of October 1943 to January 1945, the following took place: dismantling together with signing and numbering of the objects, packing into wooden chests, and evacuation to several localities outside Gdańsk. It has already been ascertained that as early as in mid-June 1942, some dozen of the most precious historic monuments were evacuated from the Artus Manor, of which several items have not been recovered: late- -mediaeval paintings (Boat of the Church, Siege of Marienburg, Our Lady with Child, and Christ, Salvator Mundi), several elements from the four sets of tournament armours from the section of the Brotherhood of St Reinold, the sculpture Saturn with a Child, the sculpture group Diana’s Bath and Actaeon’s Metamorphosis, as well as some dozen elements of the décor of the Grand Hall. All these historic pieces were transferred to the village of Orle (Germ. Wordel) on the Sobieszewo Island on 16 June 1942. Only fragments of tournament armours have been recovered: they were found at various locations under the circumstances hard to clarify many years later. The most extensive war losses have been presented for the Uphagen House (Vol. 3). The majority of the gathered art works, the interior equipment and usable objects essential in the burgher’s tenement house transformed into a museum in the early 20th century have not been found, thus they have not returned to their original location.
Publikacja – w trzech osobnych tomach – kontynuuje w polskim muzealnictwie wydawaną od kilku lat serię dotyczącą strat powstałych w wyniku II wojny światowej w obecnych granicach Rzeczypospolitej. Przedmowa do tomu pierwszego strat wojennych Ratusza Głównego Miasta w Gdańsku, pióra dyrektora Muzeum Gdańska Waldemara Ossowskiego, zawiera istotne dla problemu refleksje. Serię trzech tomów otwierają Straty wojenne Ratusza Głównego Miasta w Gdańsku (t. 1). W sposób skrótowy, z wypunktowaniem najistotniejszych faktów, opisano w nim historię budowy, funkcje głównych pomieszczeń ratuszowych, zarówno reprezentacyjnych, jak i mieszczących urzędy: Wielkiej Sieni, Wielkiej Sali zwanej Czerwoną lub Letnią, Małej Sali Rady zwanej Zimową, Wielkiej Sali Wety zwanej Salą Rady Miasta, Kamlarii, Sali Depozytowej. W końcowych miesiącach II wojny światowej Gdańsk w granicach Głównego Miasta stracił około 80% najcenniejszej substancji zabytkowej. Już w kwietniu 1945 r. rozpoczęto poszukiwania i zwózkę rozproszonego dziedzictwa kulturowego. Straty wojenne Dworu Artusa i Sieni Gdańskiej w Gdańsku (t. 2) otwiera sepiowana fotografia z 1879 roku. Od października 1943 do stycznia 1945 r. odbywały się: demontaż ze znakowaniem i numerowaniem obiektów, pakowanie w drewniane skrzynie i ewakuacja do kilku miejscowości poza Gdańskiem. Wiadomo, że już w połowie czerwca 1942 r. ewakuowano z Dworu Artusa kilkanaście najważniejszych zabytków, z których dotąd nie znaleziono obrazów późnośredniowiecznych (Okręt Kościoła, Oblężenia Malborka, Madonna z Dzieciątkiem i Chrystus – Salvator Mundi), kilku elementów z 4 kompletów uzbrojenia turniejowego znad Ławy św. Rajnolda, rzeźby Saturn z dzieckiem, grupy rzeźbiarskiej Kąpiel Diany z metamorfozą Akteona, kilkudziesięciu elementów wystroju Wielkiej Hali. Wymienione zabytki przewieziono 16 czerwca 1942 r. do wsi Orle (niem. Wordel) na Wyspie Sobieszewskiej. Odzyskano jedynie fragmenty zbroi turniejowych, które w okolicznościach trudnych dziś do wyjaśnienia po wielu latach znajdowane były w różnych miejscach. Najobszerniejszy jest katalog strat wojennych Domu Uphagena (t. 3). Większości znajdujących się tam dzieł sztuki, wyposażenia wnętrz i przedmiotów użytkowych niezbędnych w kamienicy mieszczańskiej przekształconej na początku XX w. w muzeum nie odnaleziono, wiec nie powróciły dotąd na miejsce swego pierwotnego przeznaczenia.
Źródło:
Muzealnictwo; 2021, 62; 93-99
0464-1086
Pojawia się w:
Muzealnictwo
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Badania, konserwacja i adaptacja przyziemia ratusza Głównego Miasta Gdańska
Investigations, maintenance and the conversion of the ground floor of the Gdansk Main Town Hall
Autorzy:
Darecka, Katarzyna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/217883.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Stowarzyszenie Konserwatorów Zabytków
Tematy:
ratusz Głównego Miasta Gdańska
Komora Palowa
Galeria Palowa
Muzeum Gdańska
średniowieczny strop belkowy
Investigations
maintenance and the conversion of the ground floor of the Gdansk Main Town Hall
Opis:
W 2015 r. Muzeum Gdańska przejęło pomieszczenia dolnej kondygnacji Ratusza Głównego Miasta Gdańska z zamiarem utworzenia nowych przestrzeni ekspozycyjnych. Dzięki przeprowadzonym kompleksowym badaniom oraz pracom konserwatorsko-remontowym ujawniono nieznane dotąd detale architektury i wystroju wnętrza. Jednymi z najważniejszych odkryć były relikty malowidła ściennego z 2. ćw. XV w. ze sceną Ukrzyżowania oraz najstarszy w Gdańsku strop belkowy z lat 1379–80. Poza tym: średniowieczne wnęki, otwory okienne i drzwiowe, fragmenty posadzek, zamurowane przejścia i klatki schodowe. W toku prac konserwatorskich wykonano wszystkie niezbędne zabiegi przy reliktach malowideł ściennych, ceglanych murach oraz kamiennym, drewnianym i żelaznym detalu. Renowacji i modernizacji poddano stolarkę okienną z 1865 r. Wszystkie nowe instalacje ukryto pod podniesioną posadzką. Wykonano wentylację sal, nowe oświetlenie i ogrzewanie. W jednym z pomieszczeń umieszczono kasę muzealną wraz ze sklepikiem, w innym szatnię. Uzyskano ok. 150 m² powierzchni wystawienniczej przeznaczonej na ekspozycje czasowe.
In 2015, the Museum of Gdansk took over the rooms at the bottom storey of the Main Town Hall of Gdansk with the intention of creating new exhibition space in them. Owing to extensive investigations as well as maintenance and repair work, unknown architectural details and interior decor were revealed. One of the greatest discoveries was the remains of the wall painting with the scene of Crucifixion dating back to the second quarter of the 15th century and the oldest beam ceiling in Gdansk, dating back to 1379-80. Apart from these, medieval niches, door and window openings, floor fragments, bricked-up passages and staircases were discovered. In the course of the conservation work, all the necessary procedures were performed on the remains of wall paintings, brick walls, and on stone, wooden and iron details. The 1865 window joinery was renovated and upgraded, and all new systems were hidden under the raised floor. Space ventilation and new lighting and heating systems were installed. The museum ticket office with a small shop is located in one of the rooms, and there is a cloakroom at another space. Approximately 150 m² of an exhibition area for temporary exhibitions was obtained.
Źródło:
Wiadomości Konserwatorskie; 2019, 58; 133-142
0860-2395
2544-8870
Pojawia się w:
Wiadomości Konserwatorskie
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Budowa i przebudowa ratusza w miastach Królestwa Polskiego do końca XVIII wieku
Autorzy:
Krasnowolski, Bogusław
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/949899.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Historii im. Tadeusza Manteuffla PAN w Warszawie
Tematy:
town hall
the central-market square block
municipal council
urban architecture
Opis:
The article, which also takes into account the issues relating to the medieval town halls in Silesia, Western Pomerania and the Teutonic State, is an attempt at synthesizing the existing research. The following aspects have been analysed: the location of the town hall within the urban complex and the transformation of the forms and symbols of both its architecture and design. Town halls came into existence as a consequence of – although not necessarily immediately – founding towns based on German Law and the establishment of municipal authorities. The relationship between the town halls and urban planning varied. The town hall could be located along the front of the main market square (Wieliczka in Małopolska) or a street – a place functioning as the market square (evolution of the urban context in the town hall in Gdańsk), sometimes (due to the location of the house of the municipal councillor?) outside the market place (originally in Nowy Sącz). Its location along the front of the market square in Early Modern towns could have both an aesthetic and symbolic aspect (Zamość). The evolution of the central-market square block, with the town hall and stalls was very characteristic of medieval towns and infl uenced the Małopolska region (Kraków) and Wielkopolska region (Poznań) from Silesia (Wrocław, Świdnica, Legnica). In Early Modern private towns, from the Renaissance era (Głowów) to the late Baroque (Siedlce), the town hall was often situated in a place which emphasized the axes of the urban layout. The tower was usually an important element in the architecture of the oldest town hall buildings (13th/14th century). It emphasized the town’s autonomy and, similarly to the adjacent hall, was derived from the architecture of feudal castles (Wrocław, Kraków). The tower also emerged as the oldest element of the central-market square block in many Silesian towns, and was modelled on the beffrois (Bruges). The form of a tower came to the Małopolska region in the 14th century (the oldest town hall in Sandomierz) and Ruthenia (Krosno, Kamieniec Podolski). Two-naved halls which alluded to the palatium (Poznań), were particularly frequent in Western Pomerania (Stargard, Pasłęk, Kamień Pomorski, Chojnice, Szczecin). By contrast to the simple, purely functional architectural forms of the oldest town halls, in the lands of the Teutonic knights fi ne details were present as early as in the early 14th century (Chełmno). The richness of the forms and designs of the Pomeranian town halls, with Toruń at the forefront (which Jan Długosz noticed) had an impact on the late Gothic town halls in the Małopolska region (reconstruction of the Kraków town hall, 1454). The transfer of the offi cial functions from the ground floor of the town hall to the Artus Court could also relate to Kraków. Bohemian models played a large role in the shaping of representative architecture, symbolism and the iconographic programme of the late Gothic town halls in Silesia (15th/16th century) – e.g. the relationship between the Ladislaus Room in Hradčany and the Lwówek town hall. In Early Modern times the “bipolarity” of architectural designs in Polish lands, which were inspired by ideas coming both from Italy and the Netherlands is most noticeable on examples in the Małopolska region, notably Kraków (attics surmounting the buildings) and Pomerania, notably Gdańsk, where the designs by masters from the Netherlands were subordinated to erudite, complicated political “treaties”. In the Wielkopolska region the Mannerist style inspired by Northern Italian (Serlian) designs was at the forefront as can be seen in the reconstruction of Poznań’s town hall. In the era of urban decline in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth (2nd half of the 17th/18th century) anachronistic, medieval designs continued to be used (Stary Sącz); private towns were an exception (e.g. Leszno and Buchacz owned by the Leszczyński family), which were able to afford magnificent constructions. The architecture and design of town halls refl ect the ambitions as well as the condition of the bourgeoisie and therefore the phenomena which took various forms in the different historical periods and regions. Future research should put special emphasis on tracing the “migration” of designs and ideas from the magnifi cent urban centres of the West through the main Polish cities to provincial towns.
Źródło:
Roczniki Dziejów Społecznych i Gospodarczych; 2014, 74
0080-3634
Pojawia się w:
Roczniki Dziejów Społecznych i Gospodarczych
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Ceremonie na ratuszu krakowskim w XV–XVIII wieku
Autorzy:
Wyżga, Mateusz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/949904.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Historii im. Tadeusza Manteuffla PAN w Warszawie
Tematy:
Kraków
town hall
ceremonial
municipal council
Opis:
Sources with information on ceremonies at the town hall in Kraków are somewhat brief. Most of the information can be found in the ledgers. The status of capital gave the city considerable significance within the state. By organizing ceremonies at Kraków’s town hall, council elections, paying homage to kings, hosting senior state officials and deputies, the town authorities could influence politics. The Kraków town hall remained an important centre both for official celebrations and carnivalesque events. It was therefore an important place with regard to the policy of the municipal council until the end of the Polish Noble’s Republic. Here the town was able to overcome its limitations and defend its autonomy, both formally and informally impacting Poland’s elite. The participation of state officials in municipal ceremonies was an opportunity to show off the splendour of Kraków. This was particularly true after the transfer of the royal court to Warsaw, when the kings visited their temporary Wawel residence less frequently. The role of the town hall in social communication was twofold. On the one hand it was a form of promotion for the town, on the other it was a barrier between representatives of the authorities and the ordinary citizens of Kraków. The town hall was a cultural place and a sign of the exceptionally extroverted, developed collective life of the old town. The square in front of the town hall was also important. It was a typical municipal theatre. Ceremonies held in Kraków took the form of court and state ceremonies.
Źródło:
Roczniki Dziejów Społecznych i Gospodarczych; 2014, 74
0080-3634
Pojawia się w:
Roczniki Dziejów Społecznych i Gospodarczych
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Detale architektury „Drogi Królewskiej” w Gdańsku na obrazie Antona Möllera Grosz czynszowy
Architectural details of the “Royal Route” in Gdańsk in the painting The Tribute Money by Anton Möller
Autorzy:
Darecka, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/217893.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Stowarzyszenie Konserwatorów Zabytków
Tematy:
obraz Grosz czynszowy
detal architektoniczny
architektura Gdańska
dekoracja elewacji
ratusz Głównego Miasta Gdańska
Tribute Money painting
architectonic detail
architecture of Gdańsk
elevation decoration
Gdańsk Main Town Hall
Opis:
Namalowana na obrazie Grosz czynszowy Antona Möllera (1601 r.) zabudowa ulicy Długiej i Długiego Targu w Gdańsku przedstawiona została z wyjątkową dokładnością i dbałością o szczegóły. Dokumentuje ona detale kamienic i budynków reprezentacyjnych zarówno średniowiecznych, jak i nowożytnych. Niejednokrotnie jest jedynym źródłem wiedzy o formie poszczególnych elementów architektury, zdobnictwie, a nawet kolorystyce budowli, które nie zachowały się albo istniały tylko przez krótki okres w historii miasta. Jest to najstarsze barwne przedstawienie Głównego Miasta Gdańska i stanowi cenny materiał badawczy między innymi do badań nad jego architekturą.
Buildings along the Long Lane and Long Market streets in Gdańsk, depicted in the painting The Tribute Money by Anton Möller (1601), were rendered with exceptional precision and care for detail. It documents details of tenement houses and formal buildings, both medieval and those from modern times. Frequently it has turned out to be the sole source of knowledge about the form of particular architectonic elements, ornamentation or even colour schemes of buildings which did not survive, or which existed merely for a short period in the city history. It is the oldest colour representation of the Main City of Gdańsk and constitutes valuable research material e.g. of its architecture.
Źródło:
Wiadomości Konserwatorskie; 2017, 52; 49-58
0860-2395
2544-8870
Pojawia się w:
Wiadomości Konserwatorskie
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Działalność grupy zbrojnej GL „Iskra” w latach 1942–1943.
People’s Guard’s Iskra armed group and its activities in the Rzeszow region in the years 1942–1943
Autorzy:
Borkowski, Robert
Krzysztofiński, Mariusz
Ostasz, Grzegorz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2232929.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Archiwum Państwowe w Rzeszowie
Tematy:
II wojna światowa
Gwardia Ludowa
grupa zbrojna „Iskra”
spalenie ratusza w Głogowie Małopolskim
pacyfikacje Przewrotnego Huciska i Stobiernej w 1943 roku
World War II
People’s Guard
Iskra armed group
burning of the town hall in Głogów Małopolski by the
communist guerilla warfare group
pacifications of Przewrotne Hucisko and Stobierna in 1943
Opis:
Od 1942 roku w okupowanej przez Niemców Polsce, na polecenie Józefa Stalina, zaczęła działalność Polska Partia Robotnicza. Głęboko zakonspirowana, miała tworzyć polityczne zaplecze dla przejęcia władzy przez komunistów. PPR utworzyła swoje zbrojne ramię w postaci Gwardii Ludowej (Armii Ludowej), oficjalnie dla celów walki z Niemcami. Artykuł przedstawia historię jednej z grup GL o kryptonimie „Iskra”, która działała na terenie Rzeszowszczyzny. W tekście wykorzystano materiały źródłowe sporządzone już po wojnie. Wyłaniają się z nich dwa wizerunki „Iskry” propagandowy z czasów PRL, gloryfikujący komunistyczną partyzantkę, i rzeczywisty, oparty na wspomnieniach i zeznaniach świadków, według których „Iskra” była odpowiedzialna za wiele zbrodni dokonanych na Polakach oraz spowodowała niemieckie pacyfikacje wsi Przewrotne, Hucisko i Stobierna, w których ofiarami byli niewinni mieszkańcy. Podsumowując działalność „Iskry”, trzeba stwierdzić, że nie przyniosła ona żadnych korzyści, a stała się przyczyną tragicznych losów bezbronnych cywilów.
The activity of the armed group Iskra in the Rzeszow region in the years 1942–1943 On the order of Joseph Stalin, Polish Workers’ Party was founded in Poland under German occupation in 1942. Deeply hidden, it was created as a political means of taking over by the communists. The party created its own armed force under the name People’s Guard (People’s Army), officially created in order to fight the Germans. This piece illustrates a story of one of such armed groups, code-named Iskra, which was active in the Rzeszow region. The source materials used in this article were compiled after the war. They depict two descriptions of Iskra, the propagandist take glorifying the communist guerilla warfare; and the factual one, formed on the basis of memories and testimonies of witnesses. According to these witnesses Iskra was responsible for many crimes committed against the Polish people, as well as being responsible for German pacifications of Przewrotne, Hucisko and Stobierna villages, where innocent people became the victims. To sum up the activities of Iskra, not only did it not bring any benefits, but it was also the cause of the tragic loss of helpless civilians.
Źródło:
Prace Historyczno-Archiwalne; 2022, Tom XXXIV; 183-205
1231-3335
Pojawia się w:
Prace Historyczno-Archiwalne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Finanse ratusza w średniowieczu
Autorzy:
Goliński, Mateusz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/949889.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Historii im. Tadeusza Manteuffla PAN w Warszawie
Tematy:
town
13th–15th century
town hall
municipal budget
Opis:
The “town hall’s” expenses were an almost standard item in the late medieval accounts of towns influenced by German culture. This item could usually be associated with the general costs for maintaining the institutions, related to the council’s exercising power in the town, and included also direct expenditure on the town hall building and on the activities conducted therein. Current costs related to the maintenance of the building comprised mainly heating, repairs and the construction of heating devices, as well as various minor repairs. Less important costs were related to supplementing the equipment in the rooms, mainly with items related to official activities, archiving, and entertainment functions (vessels used for the banquets). Most of the costs incurred in respect of the work of officials were related to providing the chancellery with paper. Usually, a junior official, called a servant or porter, was responsible for the office building; however, this was only a fraction of his responsibilities. Dividing the office activities among various rooms, sometimes separate buildings, makes defining the scope of the term “town hall”, as well as determining the budget, difficult, particularly with regard to the specific purpose cash system which dominated in municipal accounting and covered the revenues and expenses of particular administrative departments and municipal tribunals. Revenues directly related to the town hall building included those generated by council monopolies for selling imported beer and heavy wines in the town hall cellars. Dividing the commercial and official functions among other rooms depended mainly on local circumstances, and it seems that this was typical of the early phase of a town hall’s operations.
Źródło:
Roczniki Dziejów Społecznych i Gospodarczych; 2014, 74
0080-3634
Pojawia się w:
Roczniki Dziejów Społecznych i Gospodarczych
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Finanse złotoryjskiego ratusza w drugiej połowie XVII wieku
Autorzy:
Gradzińska, Agata
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/949882.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Historii im. Tadeusza Manteuffla PAN w Warszawie
Tematy:
town hall
municipal budget
Opis:
The operations of the treasury in municipal councils in old Silesian towns have not been widely studied. Based on the collected source materials, the article presents the structure of finances at the Złotoryja town hall in the second half of the 17th century. In that period Złotoryja was in the final stages of economic recovery following the end of the Thirty Years War. An analysis of the source materials showed that the town’s largest source of income was extraordinary inflows (mainly from agricultural tax) and interest on loans drawn with the municipal council. The key expense in this period was for the extensively developed bureaucratic apparatus. At the forefront were the salaries of the magistrates and clerks, i.e. higher and middle level officials. Entertainment costs for the officials (expenses to honour higher ranking officials and organize occasional banquets) and expenses related to their political life, such as participation in various diplomatic missions, were also material. The municipal authorities’ financial “extravagancies” were responsible for over 50% of all expenses incurred on the council’s administrative activities. Although the source materials are modest and only allow for a fragmentary reconstruction of the budget for Złotoryja’s town hall, some of the political and social activities of the council can be observed. The ledgers are without doubt very useful for learning about the clerical structures and various forms of its representation.
Źródło:
Roczniki Dziejów Społecznych i Gospodarczych; 2014, 74
0080-3634
Pojawia się w:
Roczniki Dziejów Społecznych i Gospodarczych
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Formowanie się ram przestrzennych i instytucjonalnych gminy miejskiej w średniowiecznym Lublinie (XIII i XIV w.)
Autorzy:
Okniński, Piotr
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/607660.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej
Tematy:
colonization
location
municipal government
town hall
urban chancery
urban layout
urbanization
kolonizacja
lokacja
samorząd miejski
ratusz
kancelaria miejska
układ urbanistyczny
urbanizacja
Opis:
This article deals with the formation of institutional structures and spatial frames of the late medieval urban settlement, which developed throughout the 13th and 14th centuries on the Old Town-Hill in Lublin. Author reinterprets the findings of previous studies on Lublin’s history in the light of Max Weber’s concept of Western-European model of the urban community. Town of this type is characterized as an autonomous administrative unit, having its own communal government and jurisdiction system, as well as a territorial entity of defined boundaries. Author distinguishes three steps of the urban development in Lublin: 1) establishment of an early urban settlement along today’s Grodzka Street, in the neighborhood of St. Michael the Archangel’s church in the 13th century, 2) implementation of municipal law and the creation of new urban layout by Ladislaus the Elbow-High and Casimir the Great, 3) rapid acceleration of institutional and spatial development after Casimir’s death.
Artykuł dotyczy formowania się struktur instytucjonalnych i ram przestrzennych późnośredniowiecznego osadnictwa miejskiego, które rozwinęły się w ciągu XIII i XIV stulecia na Wzgórzu Staromiejskim w Lublinie. Autor reinterpretuje ustalenia wcześniejszych badań nad historią Lublina w świetle koncepcji Maxa Webera o zachodnioeuropejskim modelu miasta komunalnego. Miasto tego typu jest charakteryzowane jako autonomiczna jednostka administracyjna, posiadająca własny samorząd gminny i system sądownictwa, jak również jako podmiot terytorialny z określonymi granicami. Autor wyróżnia trzy etapy rozwoju miejskiego w Lublinie: 1) powstanie wczesnomiejskiego osadnictwa wzdłuż dzisiejszej ulicy Grodzkiej, w sąsiedztwie kościoła św. Michała Archanioła w XIII w., 2) wprowadzenie prawa miejskiego i stworzenie nowego układu urbanistycznego przez Władysława Łokietka i Kazimierza Wielkiego, 3) gwałtowne przyspieszenie rozwoju instytucjonalnego i przestrzennego po śmierci Kazimierza.
Źródło:
Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Skłodowska, sectio F – Historia; 2017, 72
0239-4251
Pojawia się w:
Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Skłodowska, sectio F – Historia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Gdańsk carillon tablatures
Autorzy:
Popinigis, Danuta
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/780129.pdf
Data publikacji:
2012
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
carillon
Gdańsk historical carillons
Gdańsk Main Town Hall carillon
musical notation
tablature
Protestant chorale
Opis:
The music collections of Gdańsk State Archive include music written for the automatic carillon of Gdańsk Main Town Hall. These are four tablatures with a unique notation system that appears only in Gdańsk sources. The oldest tablature (consisting of four volumes) was produced in the years 1769-1775; two others (one volume each) were copied in 1775 and 1776; the fourth was compiled in the years 1808-1812. The tablatures contain a total of 653 chorale settings. Their author was Theodor Friedrich Giilich, who programmed the Town Hall carillon from 1764 to 1776. The Main Town Hall carillon played the chorales every hour. Two different chorales could be programmed on the carillon drum simultaneously. A longer chorale signalled the passing of an even-numbered hour and a shorter chorale an odd-numbered hour. The chorales were changed every Saturday. The four-volume tablature contains chorale settings for the whole year, settings of funeral hymns and instructions for changing the chorales on the carillon drum and programming chorales for special occasions (such as the arrival of the king, the death of a prominent figure, such as the monarch, the mayor, a city councillor or a councillor’s wife, and elections to the City Council, as well as the opening and closing of St Dominic’s Fair). One of the single-volume tablatures includes Old Lutheran Church songs, another has Reformed Evangelical Church songs, and the fourth tablature contains chorales arranged for successive weeks of the year. This article presents the Gdańsk carillon tablatures and explains the principles behind their musical notation.
Źródło:
Interdisciplinary Studies in Musicology; 2012, 11; 103-122
1734-2406
Pojawia się w:
Interdisciplinary Studies in Musicology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Gra carillonu ratusza Głównego Miasta w Gdańsku w świetle procesu konfesjonalizacji
The sounds of the carillon in Gdańsk Main Town Hall in the light confessionalization process
Autorzy:
Popinigis, Danuta
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/521992.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Akademia Muzyczna im. Stanisława Moniuszki w Gdańsku
Tematy:
confessionalization
Protestant Reformation in Gdańsk
Main Town Hall carillon in Gdańsk
Opis:
The idea of confessionalization, introduced to history teaching at the end of the 1970s, refers to a phenomenon, characteristic for modern (especially early-modern) times, of mutual creation of pre-modern statehood in Europe based on the cooperation between the autonomous Church and the state. The confessionalization in the social and religious life of Gdańsk was especially influen-tial after the Lutheran church had rooted in the city in mid-16th century. The Gdańsk City Council was quick and efficient in taking control over the local Protestant church to become its actual superior. Its power manifested for instance in issuing the so-called church regulations (Dangizer Kirchenordnung) which ordered the course of services and other religious ceremonies, as well as the decrees specifying the precise standards of behavior for the inhabitants of Gdańsk. Another tool applied by the Council to introduce the social discipline in the spirit of the Protestant moral code was the Main Town Hall carillon. This automatic instrument consisting of a set of fourteen chime bells was ordered by the City Council in the Flemish region of North Brabantia in 1559. Two years later (1561) it was installed inside the cupola of the belfry of the Main Town Hall — the seat of the authorities of the city, to become its unquestionable adornment. The Protestant hymns flowing from the bell tower were used not only to measure time and announce important social and political events taking place in Gdańsk itself and beyond, but also to remind the inhabitants of the instrument’s patron, on the one hand to underline the generosity of the Council, and on the other — as a forceful indication of the actual authority holder in the city on the Motława.
Źródło:
Aspekty Muzyki; 2016, 6; 11-23
2082-6044
Pojawia się w:
Aspekty Muzyki
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Konserwacja elewacji Starego Ratusza w Olsztynie wraz z przywróceniem walorów gotyckiej budowli przeprowadzona w 2003 roku
Autorzy:
Białko, P.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/218331.pdf
Data publikacji:
2004
Wydawca:
Stowarzyszenie Konserwatorów Zabytków
Tematy:
ratusz
Olsztyn
konserwacja
elewacja
gotyk
obiekt zabytkowy
zabytek
town hall
conservation
elevation
gothic
historic building
monument
Źródło:
Wiadomości Konserwatorskie; 2004, 15; 77-82
0860-2395
2544-8870
Pojawia się w:
Wiadomości Konserwatorskie
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Obywatelski projekt rewitalizacji opuszczonych pomieszczeń ratusza w Lwówku Śląskim
Autorzy:
Matyja, Aleksandra
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2095894.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Poznańskie Towarzystwo Przyjaciół Nauk
Tematy:
Town hall
Lwowek Slaski
restoration
civic project
shelter
Opis:
The purpose of this article is to present the town hall in Lwowek Slaski and a related project “Shelter 1945 – a local meeting place” launched by Lwoweckie Towarzystwo Regionalne [Lwowek Regional Association], a local non-governmental organisation. The project centred on the restoration of the town hall’s basement chambers which now accommodate urban activity to help the residents to enrich their knowledge of the town.
Źródło:
Our Europe. Ethnography – Ethnology – Anthropology of Culture; 2020, 9; 77-85
2299-4645
Pojawia się w:
Our Europe. Ethnography – Ethnology – Anthropology of Culture
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Od domus civium do pałacu komunalnego. Średniowieczne początki siedziby władz miejskich
Autorzy:
Manikowska, Halina
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/949892.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Historii im. Tadeusza Manteuffla PAN w Warszawie
Tematy:
town hall
medieval commune
municipal authorities
gatherings of townspeople
bishop
cathedral
merchants’ guild
Opis:
The article discusses the development of the permanent seat of municipal authorities in western Medieval towns – the most impressive secular public building, the symbol and ‘logo’ of a medieval town (known as a commune). The main subject of analysis is the terminology used to describe various communities of citizens, places for their gatherings and the seat of the municipal authorities, used in source materials, from the oldest mention of communes until the 13th century. The birth of the communes, and development of the language to describe them, are presented against the backdrop of the great social and political processes taking place at the turn of the first and second millennium, in “post-Carolingian Europe”, although initially they were only perceptible in Latin. The common basis for educating Medieval clerks (notaries and town writers) – also in terms of language and law – resulted in a barely differentiable and quickly stabilized Latin terminology for describing the seat of the commune (domus civium, domus civitatis, praetorium). The differentiation is more noticeable in the vernacular languages, especially with reference to words describing the place where citizens held gatherings and the place of work of the first municipal authorities, which enables a fuller perception of the relationship between the place where power was exercised and the political evolution of the commune – the degree of its independence, the system of authority, aspirations to political sovereignty and, lastly, the ideology and communal identity. This terminology reflects the processes and circumstances in which the communes were born and developed, the role, on the one hand, of the bishop, his seat and the cathedral, and on the other, the stormy development of the economy, in particular trade and the establishment of guilds (merchants’ chambers). What is particularly noticeable is the term used by the Italian communes transforming into city-states in the 12th/13th century – palatium (palazzo) – which in Roman law was reserved for the seat of the Emperor, and in the early Medieval period was also used by royalty, and then, in the period in which Italian bishops were losing their powers in Italian towns, appropriated by them to describe the residences which were being extended. The general term for the place where municipal powers were being exercised, consolidated in the 13th/14th century in vernacular languages, has remained little changed down to this day in most regions of the researched area. The article concludes with deliberations on the function of the late Medieval seat of the municipal authorities, provided with a strong tower and which housed the constantly increasing archives, as a place of credibility (locus credibilis), memories and space for social communication.
Źródło:
Roczniki Dziejów Społecznych i Gospodarczych; 2014, 74
0080-3634
Pojawia się w:
Roczniki Dziejów Społecznych i Gospodarczych
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Praskie ratusze – symboliczne czy rzeczywiste centra władzy?
Autorzy:
Jišová, Kateřina
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/603233.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Historii im. Tadeusza Manteuffla PAN w Warszawie
Tematy:
town hall
Prague
Hussite revolution
Opis:
The Prague agglomeration consisted of four medieval towns: the Old Town, the New Town, Mala Strana and also Hradčany. The article throws light on the relations, often dramatic, between the town halls of the Old and New Towns (the fi rst was built in 1338, the second before 1374) in the 15th century. An uprising broke out in the New Town in 1419. The insurgents forced their way into the town hall and defenestrated 10–13 men. In May 1420 the communes appointed new councillors for the first time. In August, on the initiative of Jan Želivský, a general meeting of the communes was convened in the Old Town hall and new councillors were appointed. In June 1421 armed action by the townsmen of the New Town resulted in the town council’s resignation. Both towns were combined into a single body governed from the Old Town hall, of course, under Želivský’s dictatorship. However, the chancelleries of both towns remained independent and maintained town ledgers in parallel. During that period the importance of the town councils’ dropped to an alltime low, political decisions were taken by Želivský, without the participation of either of the town halls (in 1422 Želivský was imprisoned in the Old Town hall and subsequently decapitated). The association of Prague communes disintegrated at the turn of 1423/24. Sigismund Korybut ruled in the period from 1422 to 1427. The Duke established a new joint council for the Old and New Towns, consisting of 18 councillors from both towns. Korybut was overthrown, but everything seems to point to the fact that later both towns were once again unified; however, from August 1428 at the latest, the councils again became independent. In 1434 thanks to the support of Bohemian lords, the townsmen of the Old Town captured the New Town. But in 1436, the Holy Roman Emperor, Sigismund of Luxembourg, who had already accepted a pledge of allegiance from the townsmen of Prague, freed the citizens of the New Town from the Old Town’s hegemony. In 1483 another uprising began in Prague, which was referred to as the epilogue to the Hussite revolution, which claimed new victims from among the authorities of both town halls. Forty years later there were further tensions in Prague.
Źródło:
Roczniki Dziejów Społecznych i Gospodarczych; 2014, 74
0080-3634
Pojawia się w:
Roczniki Dziejów Społecznych i Gospodarczych
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł

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