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Tytuł:
Mieszkańcy Siedlec w obliczu sowietyzacji miasta w 1944 roku
Residents of Siedlce in the face of Sovietization of the town in 1944
Autorzy:
Wołosz, Paweł
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/517725.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Przyrodniczo-Humanistyczny w Siedlcach
Tematy:
History
Siedlce
the Second World War
Opis:
The last day of Nazi German occupation of Siedlce started a new chapter in the life of the local community. Being destroyed in 75 percent, the town was far from its former status of an important regional centre of administration and education. As a result of military actions many buildings and schools were burned or destroyed. The local power plant and waterworks were damaged. The scale of damages and nonfunctioning of , numerous, basic town facilities made the living situation of local citizens very complicated and hard to resolve. By describing the extent of damages, the tries to show the conditions in which the local community had to live and how difficult it was to recover after the military actions during the Second World War, including the battle of 1944. The violent political changes, which occurred after the Red Army’s appearance, formed the background to rebuilding of the town and social recovery. Despite the propaganda and brutal political struggle, the imposed local government was considered „foreign” by the majority of citizens. Having sketched the grim post-war situation of Siedlce’s residents, the author analyzes the causes of anxieties and later hostile attitude of the local society towards the new administration built on the principles set by Polish Committee of National Liberation, whose operations changed the social landscape for the worse.
Źródło:
Historia i Świat; 2014, 3; 211-230
2299-2464
Pojawia się w:
Historia i Świat
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
In die tribulationis: The Ordaining of Priests for the Diocese of Lublin During the Second World War
Autorzy:
Marczewski, Jarosław R.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2037666.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL
Tematy:
the Second World War
the Diocese of Lublin
clergy
ordination
Opis:
A major problem of the diocese of Lublin during the Second World War was the replenishment of its clergy. In the initial period of the war, Lublin Seminary remained closed. Its bishops were arrested and deported from Lublin. In these circumstances, it was necessary to use some extraordinary efforts to continue the formation of seminarians and lead them to ordination. Right after the Germans entered Lublin in September 1939, the Lublin Auxiliary Bishop, Władysław Goral, still succeeded in ordaining a few seminarians in the seminary church. Then, in 1940, the auxiliary bishop of the Diocese of Pinsk, Karol Niemira, arrived in Lublin and ordained a large group of seminarians. In 1941, one seminarian was ordained in Vilnius. Some regularity in ordination returned in the years 1941-1944, when the Germans allowed the Lublin Seminary to reopen. The seminarians had to travel in small groups to Nowy Sącz, though, where the bishop of the diocese of Lublin, Marian Leon Fulman, was interned. They were secretly ordained by him in the private chapel of the rectory. Shortly after he returned to Lublin, but before the war was ended in 1945, Bishop Fulman ordained another seminarian in his bishop's chapel. In total, during the Second World War, fifty-eight new priests were ordained for the diocese of Lublin.
Źródło:
Roczniki Teologiczne; 2017, 64, 4 English Online Version; 91-123
2353-7272
Pojawia się w:
Roczniki Teologiczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Działalność Sióstr Świętej Katarzyny Dziewicy i Męczennicy w Pieniężnie
The activity of the Sisters of St. Catherine, Virgin and Martyr, in Pieniężno (Mehlsack)
Autorzy:
Krebs, Magdalena Łucja
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2165495.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013-12
Wydawca:
Wyższe Seminarium Duchowne Diecezji Elbląskiej w Elblągu
Tematy:
Pieniężno
Sisters of St. Catherine
activity
The Second World War
Opis:
The article presents the activity of the Sisters of St Catherine, Virgin and Marty in Pieniężno (Mehlsack) in the years 1856–1876 and 1889–1945. In 1856 three sisters of St Catherine in Braniewo took up educational activity at the Catholic elementary school for girls in Pieniężno (Mehlsack). On 9 September, 1856 a contract of employment was signed between the Town Council of Pieniężno and the Order of St Catherine in Braniewo represented by Mother Apolonia Stuhrmann, Superior General. The Presbyter Marquard of Frombork participated in the event. In 1870 the sisters were additionally entrusted with teaching younger classes at a school attended by boys and girls. The number of sisters increased to five then. On 13 May, 1876, at the time of the Kulturkamph, the sisters were removed from the Pieniężno schools. Secular staff were appointed to fill their positions. Then the sisters returned to their convent in Braniewo. After 13 years, on 7 January, 1889 the sisters of St Catherine returned to Pieniężno to take up the job of nursing at St George’s Hospital. Soon the number of halls and the space for patients proved to be insufficient. A plot adjacent to the hospital was purchased and within the years 1912–1913 a larger, modern 50-bed hospital was built with collected money. It was fitted with the most modern equipment. There was also a chapel. In 1929 a twenty-bed paedriatric department for sick children and infants was opened in the hospital. The hospital was the property of the Catholic parish. It was subordinate to the department of education under the management of consecutive deans. Medical service was fulfilled by one of the physicians who practised in the town; nursing was done by the sisters of the Order of St Catherine. In 1930 six sisters worked there. During World War II (1939) a part of the hospital functioned as field hospital. Because of enormous amount of work the number of sisters increased to ten. On 11 February 1945 when the war front reached Orneta and military operations were nearing Pieniężno the last wounded patients were sent to field hospitals in the north of the country. The sisters had to leave the hospital too. On the night of 12/13 February they left Pieniężno.
Źródło:
Studia Elbląskie; 2013, 14; 37-46
1507-9058
Pojawia się w:
Studia Elbląskie
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
To tu był początek… Paryż 1939 roku
This is where it begins… Paris 1939
Autorzy:
Czubińska, Grażyna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1936215.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Polski Uniwersytet na Obczyźnie w Londynie
Tematy:
Polish University Abroad
Paris
1939
emigration
the Second World War
Opis:
Initial discussions on the project of creating the Polish University Abroad were held as early as September 1939 in Switzerland. Decision was made to establish such an entity in Paris, with its headquarters at the Polish Library. Even before its inauguration, the University had been gathering information about Professors, Associate Professors and Assistant Professors from the Polish universities, who managed to escape from occupied Poland, as well as those ones remaining in Poland. A list of 150 names of Professors and Associate Professors and about 80 Assistant Professors was created. In that academic year about 80 Professors and Associate Professors and 60 Assistant Professors from the Polish universities were in France. Documents le¡ by them show today all goals and tasks, of which present Polish University Abroad in London is the successor. e historical continuity of the university exists on three levels: sta, ideas and structure. Summarising and emphasising the words quoted by the Rector: „e founders of the Parisian university, who participated in further formation of PUNO in 1947, led their research and teaching activities both in Paris and then in London”. The ideological goals and ethos of the Polish University Abroad in Paris were closely related to the educational mission, which is even now: to represent all Polish universities and to maintain the continuity of the Polish higher education in the world. A¡er the Second World War it allowed Polish soldiers, their families, refugees and emigrants to continue or commence higher education in Polish outside of Poland as well as to develop scientific research and publish the results worldwide. PUNO mission now is to serve all generations of Poles who, outside their mother country or the land of their forebears, wish to continue their academic studies, broaden their knowledge of the contemporary world and maintain contact with Polish science and culture. The University’s aim is also to promote Polish science and culture in the UK and even further – worldwide, thanks to participation in global research projects. The Polish University Abroad in Paris had the Humanities, the Legal and the Economic Department. The first department established at the Polish University Abroad in London was the Humanities Department, followed by the Legal and the Economic ones. The Humanities Department was a leading department in Paris and remained such at the Polish University Abroad in London.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Naukowe PUNO; 2020, 8, 1; 15-91
2052-319X
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Naukowe PUNO
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Das Schaffen von Gerold Tietz – literarisches Engagement eines vertriebenen sudetendeutschen
Literary work by Gerold Tietz – Literary Engagement of an expelled German
Autorzy:
Kubica, Jan
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2036133.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020-12-30
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
Sudeten Germans
the Second World War
Czech-German relations
expulsion
autobiography
Opis:
Gerold Tietz was born in 1941 in Horka (north Bohemia) in a family of Sudeten Germans. Germans lived in this village together with Czechs, Roma people and Jews. The family also involved Czech relatives and many of German relatives spoke good Czech and kept relations with Czech cultural groups. After the war Gerold Tietz and his family were expelled to Swabia. He studied history, French and political science. From 1969 the graduated historian lived in Esslingen where he taught in the grammar school for thirty years. In the autobiographically oriented novels Böhmische Fuge (1997), Böhmisches Richtfest (2007) and in Böhmische Grätschen (2009) Tietz tried to depict official social-political events connected with famous political and cultural figures as well as the stories of ordinary days of “small people” who had to face the consequences of historic changes which influenced their lives. The paper analyses the conditions of Czech and German coexistence and confronts the authentic historic context. Nevertheless, negative features of these ethnic groups are not overlooked and the positive ones are presented as a positive contribution to the current European multiculturalism.
Źródło:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Germanica; 2020, 15; 31-43
2449-6820
Pojawia się w:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Germanica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Dziecko jako świadek totalitaryzmu. „Dzieci Syjonu“ a „Dzieci Gułagu“
Child witness to totalitarianism. “Children of Zion” and Children of the Gulag”
Autorzy:
Lichtblau, Krzysztof
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/915280.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018-09-22
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
the Second World War
totalitarianism
trauma
children
druga wojna światowa
totalitaryzm
dziecko
Opis:
The article features a comparison of two very different collections of stories. What binds these narrations is the way they present the influence of totalitarian regimes on children’s lives. Children of Zion is a set of documents selected by Henryk Grynberg concerning the fate of Jewish children evacuated from the USSR to Palestine by general Władysław Anders. Children of the Gulag is a co-operative work by Cathy Frierson and Semyon S. Vilensky. They used source documents archived by the Memorial Association (Общество Мемориал) and Return (Возвращение), a historical-literary society which was established by Wileński himself. In the article the author aimed to present the main differences between the two totalitarian systems and how the systems caused dehumanization of childhood by means of exhausting labor, starvation, separation from parents and murder. What is more, the article contains a comparison of different attitudes towards the method of presenting historical facts and individual experiences. Hence, the scope of the work lies within discourse of representation / representation discourse.
Źródło:
Kultury Wschodniosłowiańskie – Oblicza i Dialog; 2014, 4; 115-122
2391-470X
Pojawia się w:
Kultury Wschodniosłowiańskie – Oblicza i Dialog
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Behind the scenes of Norway’s role in the Second World War. The Norwegian-British tonnage agreement from 11th November 1939
Autorzy:
Siemianowski, Jordan
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1177403.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010-01-01
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
Norwegian merchant fleet
Norway during the Second World War
Norway’s neutral policy during the Second World War
Norwegian-British tonnage agreement from 11th November 1939
Opis:
On the outbreak of the Second World War, Norway’s merchant marine was the fourth largest in the world with its gross register tonnage of 4,8 million. It played substantial role in the state economy as it generated more than one third of the national income in the balance of payments. Yet, the conflict put the Norwegian sea transport in a difficult situation as it dependent on the two warring nations, i.e. Great Britainand Hitler’s Third Reich. To make matters worse, any case of tipping the balance by the Norwegian fleet in a favour of any of the two belligerents might lead to the suspicion that Norwayhad departed from the policy of neutrality. Aware of its perplexing situation, the Norwegian government issued the Provisional decree on the regulation of the conditions of charter during the war, which effectively strengthened its control of the national merchant marine, thus laying sound foundation for a tonnage agreement withGreat Britain which was eventually signed on November 1939. On the strength of this agreement,Norway placed 150 tankers at the disposal of the allies and paved the way for further agreements of this kind. 
Źródło:
Folia Scandinavica Posnaniensia; 2010, 11; 45-58
1230-4786
2299-6885
Pojawia się w:
Folia Scandinavica Posnaniensia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Christian-Jewish Dialogue in Polish Context
Autorzy:
Biel, Robert
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/668301.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Papieski Jana Pawła II w Krakowie
Tematy:
Polska
the Jews
Church
the Second World War
Auschwitz
communism
anti-Semitism
dialogue
Opis:
For centuries Poland was a country where Jews willingly settled. In the first years of XX century, Jews made up a large percentage of Poland’s inhabitants. But when the Second World War broke out the extermination of Jews threw a shadow upon the relations between Jews and Christians in Poland. Communism by no means favored a mutual reconciliation. In free Poland, it is however necessary to make the most of this common historical heritage as a foundation for a Christian – Jewish dialogue which opens up new perspectives.
Źródło:
The Person and the Challenges. The Journal of Theology, Education, Canon Law and Social Studies Inspired by Pope John Paul II; 2014, 4, 2
2391-6559
2083-8018
Pojawia się w:
The Person and the Challenges. The Journal of Theology, Education, Canon Law and Social Studies Inspired by Pope John Paul II
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Optymizm i wojenna zawierucha. O wybranych lirykach Krzysztofa Kamila Baczyńskiego
Optimism and the Second World War reality. About a few selected poems written by Krzysztof Kamil Baczyński
Autorzy:
Spyra, Paweł
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/540640.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Mazowiecka Uczelnia Publiczna w Płocku
Tematy:
Krzysztof Kamil Baczyński
lyrics
story
childhood
the Second World War
Nazi occupation
death
Opis:
The article attempts to provide a contextual interpretation of a few chosen poems written by Krzysztof Kamil Baczyński. The biographical and historical context left an extraordinary imprint on the poet’s work. In his lyrics, along with light-hearted, fairy tale like scenery there appear, in the course of time, increasingly clear and menacing signs of the horrifying reality of war and Nazi occupation. The poet searches for salvation and recovery of the original world of nature. Nevertheless, he ends up being defeated by the terrifying forces of history.
Źródło:
Społeczeństwo. Edukacja. Język; 2015, 3; 159-166
2353-1266
2449-7983
Pojawia się w:
Społeczeństwo. Edukacja. Język
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Everyday Lives in Occupied Poland. Some Ideas for a (Slightly) Different View
Autorzy:
Kochanowski, Jerzy
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2121546.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022-08-08
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Historii im. Tadeusza Manteuffla PAN w Warszawie
Tematy:
Polska
the Second World War
occupation
everyday life
city
countryside
Poles
Germans
Jews
Opis:
This article (or rather this essay) demonstrates several possibilities for a slightly different perspective on not so much everyday life during the occupation but on everyday lives. Only within the framework of the German occupation, which from the summer of 1941 covered almost the entire pre-war territory of Poland, the range of differences, both between administrative units (e.g., the General Government, the Wartheland or the Eastern Borderlands) as well as within them, between city and countryside, between individual social, professional, ethnic and age groups, was vast. The occupation was not a static and homogeneous phenomenon but a diverse and dynamic one, full of complex interactions. This text, based variously on the subject literature, published and archival sources (Polish and German), clandestine and official press, focuses on the following phenomena: the situation of Polish officials working for the occupation administration, mobility (both spatial and social – horizontal and vertical), relations between the city and the countryside, the breakdown of social norms, the wartime economy (with a greater than usually considered subjectivity of Polish actors) or the process of ‘taming’ the occupation (including terror), both materially and psychologically. The text may be treated as encouragement and invitation to interdisciplinary, methodologically innovative, cross-sectional research on Polish society during the Second World War.
Źródło:
Acta Poloniae Historica; 2022, 125; 49-74
0001-6829
Pojawia się w:
Acta Poloniae Historica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Odtworzenie przebiegu linii okopów z II wojny światowej (OKH Stellung b1) w Paśmie Jałowieckim i Grupie Mędralowej na podstawie numerycznego modelu terenu z danych LiDAR i badań terenowych
Reconstruction of trench line from Second World War (OKH Stellung b1) in Jałowiec Range and Mędralowa Mountain Group by interpretation of LiDAR data model and field research
Autorzy:
Franczak, Paweł
Jucha, Witold
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/965641.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
fortifications
trenches
The Second World War
Carpathians
fortyfikacje
okopy
ii wojna światowa
lidar
karpaty
Opis:
Artykuł prezentuje możliwość wykorzystania modeli terenu pochodzących z danych LiDAR do odtworzenia elementów historycznych fortyfikacji polowych. Podczas badań odtworzono przebieg linii okopów pochodzących z II wojny światowej na obszarze Pasma Jałowieckiego i Grupy Mędralowej. W celu weryfikacji dokładności danych pozyskanych z LiDAR i identyfikacji form punktowych oprócz interpretacji modelu przeprowadzono kartowanie terenowe z użyciem GPS. Zaprezentowana w artykule metoda badań pozwala na zidentyfikowanie linii okopów rozmieszczonych na rozległym, często trudno dostępnym obszarze, przez co wskazana jest do stosowania podczas prowadzonych badań na obszarze Karpat.
LiDAR (Light Detection And Ranging) data are very useful in geographical, historical and archeological studies. It is because of large ALS point cloud precision, which makes possibility of studying small forms in relief, such as unmetalled roads, historical agricultural systems, archaeological sites or old field fortifications, like trench lines. The aim of this article is test on the usability of LiDAR data in research of trench lines built during Second World War in Poland, in Beskidy Mountains. The study area chosen to this text was located in Jałowiec Range and Mędralowa Mountain Group in south-west of Małopolskie voivodeship, south of Poland (Fig. 1). Jałowiec Range and Mędralowa Mountain Group is a continuation to the north of the Massif Babia Góra (Beskid Żywiecki, Carpathians). The fortifications were been built in this area before and during the Second World War. The first objects were built by Polish Army in 1939 and second time there was built two large fortification lines 1944, by polish people forced to do it by german soldiers. The most objects in studied area were made on the slopes of Malikowski Groń. Objects founded in 1944 were preserved in good condition up to the present day (Tab. 1). The few objects have been transformed by the geomorphological processes and by overgrown trees and shrubs on them. These objects have survived to this day, because they were not damaged during hostilities. The research was performed on a piece of trench line on Malikowski Groń (760 ma.s.l.) about 12,2 km long (Fig. 3, Fig. 6), Lachów Groń (708 m a.s.l.) about 1,6 km long (Fig. 3) and Mędralowa Mountain Group (1169 m a.s.l) about 2,3 km long (Fig. 4). During the field test the plan of trench lines (Fig. 3C, 5B) was performed by using GPS mapping and by measurement of the size and depth of the trenches. Second plan (Fig. 3B, 5A) is the result of LiDAR data analyses and vectorization. After then the obtained results were compared in research analysis. The trench lines and objects are quite good visible in LiDAR data, but it is impossible to do the classification of point objects made in field observation (Tab. 1, 2, 3). However, as a general comment, it is the possibility to signing the object classes in neighbor areas by way of analogy to field testing research.
Źródło:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Geographica Socio-Oeconomica; 2015, 22
1508-1117
2353-4826
Pojawia się w:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Geographica Socio-Oeconomica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Listy Jana Karskiego do Anieli Mieczysławskiej
Jan Karski’s letters to Aniela Mieczysławska
Autorzy:
Kruszewski, Eugeniusz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1935848.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Polski Uniwersytet na Obczyźnie w Londynie
Tematy:
Jan Karski
Aniela Mieczysławska
Polish government courier
extermination of
Jews
the Second World War
Opis:
Jan Karski’s correspondence to Aniela Mieczysławska letters from a period of almost 50 years (December 29, 1944 – September 10, 1993) is a private correspondence between two significant people in the recent history of our country, especially the Polish state in exile. These private letters are not devoid of the political views of the authors and highly respected persons both in the Polish community in the United States and in Great Britain. Jan Karski (1914–2000) is known as a courier of the authorities of the Polish underground state to the Polish government in exile in London and a confidant of the Jewish leaders, who was the first to bring an eyewitness testimony to the extermination of Jews in German camps in Poland to the polish west ally. Aniela Mieczysławska (1910–1998), by birth Lillpop, primo voto Mieczysławska, secundo voto Raczyńska. A¡er break out of the war in 1939, she le¡ with her husband Witold (1907–1991), a diplomat, to Bucharest. In 1941, it reached via France and Portugal the Unites States and was in the service of the Polish government. A¡er the death of the second wife, Edward Bernard Raczyński (1891–1993) in 1962 she moved from USA to London (U.K.) and for almost 30 years she take care of Ambassador Raczyński, she became his third wife in 1991. The letters cover the period of the final phase of World War II and its easily predictable end, especially the consequences it brought for Poland. The correspondence ends with the death of Edward B. Raczyński, President of the Republic of Poland in exile, and Pola Nireńska – Jan Karskis wife.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Naukowe PUNO; 2020, 8, 1; 251-294
2052-319X
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Naukowe PUNO
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Dowódca Referatu II Armii Krajowej z Gestapo — Eugeniusz Adamczyk „Wiktor”
The head of the Home Army’s 2nd Department in Gestapo — Eugeniusz Adamczyk, pseudonym “Wiktor”
Autorzy:
Maciaszek, Karolina
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2058063.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020-12-17
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Śląskiego
Tematy:
Eugeniusz Adamczyk
Armia Krajowa
kontrwywiad
II wojna światowa
the Home Army
counterintelligence
the Second World War
Opis:
Celem artykułu jest przybliżenie postaci Eugeniusza Adamczyka, niedocenionego bohatera podziemia niepodległościowego z czasów II wojny światowej. Pełniąc w Armii Krajowej ważną funkcję dowódcy wywiadu i kontrwywiadu Obwodu Jędrzejów, a następnie szefa wywiadu Okręgu Radomsko-Kieleckiego, przeniknął jednocześnie do struktur Gestapo. Pracując dla kryminalnej policji Kripo, wykorzystywał swoją pozycję i wiedzę m.in. do ratowania Polaków przed aresztowaniami przez Niemców, ułatwiał odbijanie więźniów, pomógł zorganizować udany zamach na życie Helmuta Kappa, zastępcy dowódcy Gestapo w Jędrzejowie.
Eugeniusz Adamczyk, an activist of the Home Army (AK), pseudonym “Wiktor,” was undoubtedly a hero of the Polish counterintelligence war meted out against Gestapo. He was in possession of uncommon skills that made him tailored for this kind of work. Born three years prior to the First World War in the village of Irządze, when he sought his first job, he wound up joining the police. At the moment of the outbreak of the Second World War, he had been on duty in the Tarnopol voivodeship. Having reached the General Government, he started to take active part in the operations of the Armed Independence Underground. Instantly after having been sworn in as a member of ZWZ (Union of Armed Struggle), following the order from the union’s leadership, he joined the ranks of Gestapo, the Nazi-Germany secret police. While stationed at a Gestapo precinct in Jędrzejów, he was able to aid in various ways those maltreated, tortured and persecuted by Hitlerites, those threatened to be arrested, resettled, or sent to the Reich as “labourers.” In the eyes of Poles oblivious to his mission, he was often considered a traitor. In recognition of his services, the Home Army leadership appointed him as a head of its 2nd Department of Intelligence and Counterintelligence in the Jędrzejów Precinct. Yet, a fate filled with hardships awaited him after the war. Twice he was arrested in the 1940s and he had to endure the worst kind of tortures inflicted upon him by the (communist) Security Service. Not until the amnesty of the year 1956 was he allowed to lead relatively normal life. He then became professionally involved at the Silesian University of Technology (Politechnika Śląska). However, he was eventually arrested again for an attempt to publish his memoirs detailing the former work for the Home Army, and for sending death sentences to prominent communist leaders.
Źródło:
Wieki Stare i Nowe; 2020, 15, 20; 117-133
1899-1556
2353-9739
Pojawia się w:
Wieki Stare i Nowe
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Topos sprawcy i ofiary w utworze Christy Wolf Wzorce dzieciństwa i Tadeusza Borowskiego Muzyka w Herzenburgu. Wokół rozliczeń z II wojną światową w literaturze niemieckiej i polskiej
Autorzy:
Wieczerniak, Wioleta
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/630615.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej
Tematy:
literature
The Second World War
“offenders – victims” topos
literatura
II wojna światowa
topos „sprawca – ofiara”
Opis:
The paper presents a comparative study of Polish and German literature concerning the Second Word War. Christa Wolf’s Patterns of Childhood and Tadeusz Borowski’s Music in Herzenburg were analysed. The author chose the typological model of comparative literature. The article highlights the differences in war experiences present in Polish and German memories. A lot of attention is given to the topoi of the offenders and victims, which have changed over the last few decades. The plots of both texts are briefly outlined. The issue in question was discussed by Wolf and Borowski in difficult political conditions. Both writers attempted at confronting themselves and their generations with the Nazi era and raising the issue of Polish and German collective memory. In some way, Borowski and Wolf were precursors of the discussion of the attitudes towards the responsibility for the War crimes. Christa Wolf does not lie about the times of National Socialism and does not remain silent about the responsibility of the so-called Mitläufer. She also aims at fighting the myth of “good” East Germans and “bad” West Germans. Borowski, in turn, tries to improve German-Polish relations undermined by the difficult experiences of the 20th century.
Celem niniejszego artykułu jest próba komparatystycznego przedstawienia rozliczeń z II wojną światową w literaturze niemieckiej i polskiej. Autorka wybrała w tym celu dwa teksty: Wzorce dzieciństwa Christy Wolf i Muzyka w Herzenburgu Tadeusza Borowskiego. W badaniach wykorzystano typologiczny model komparatystyki literackiej. W opracowaniu został nakreślony problem asymetrii doświadczeń związanych z wydarzeniami II wojny światowej, które obecne są w świadomości zarówno Polaków, jak i Niemców. Szeroko został również omówiony status ofiary i sprawcy, który zmieniał się na przestrzeni lat. Następnie autorka dokonała analizy utworów literackich. Przedstawiając problematykę tekstów, skupiono się na ukazaniu toposu ofiar i sprawców w tych dziełach. O ważności powieści Christy Wolf i opowiadania Tadeusza Borowskiego decyduje fakt, że podejmowały tematykę wojenną w niesprzyjających warunkach politycznych. Uwzględniono również, w jaki sposób omawiane utwory wpisują się w szerszy nurt dotyczący dyskursu pamięci o II wojnie światowej oraz rozliczenia z nią. Refleksje mogą być bodźcem do kolejnych ciekawych rozważań na temat innowacyjności w podejściu zarówno polskich, jak i niemieckich pisarzy próbujących na nowo zmierzyć się z trudną historią czasów wojennych.
Źródło:
Acta Humana; 2015, 6
2082-4459
Pojawia się w:
Acta Humana
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 112

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