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Tytuł:
The Middle East in American media: a 21st century overview
Autorzy:
Al Sharafat, Ayman
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/531249.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Fundacja Instytut Nauki o Polityce
Tematy:
Media
The United States
The Middle East
Opis:
This study chronicles the portrayal of the Middle East in various American media that have received scholarly attention, centering on the print and broadcast media. The time frame of the media review in the United States towards the Middle East is from the September 11th attacks in 2001 until 2019. The article draws on the theory of orientalism to reveal a facet of the media that perpetuates false stereotypes of the Middle East as a threat to US interests, culture, and security. It finds that although the media in America have paid detailed attention to many issues in the Middle East during the last two decades, there are grounds to assume they have failed to comprehend the sociopolitical and economic reasons behind such issues. The coverage of the Middle East in American media during the 21st century has paralleled the government’s official viewpoints and interests in the region.
Źródło:
Polish Journal of Political Science; 2019, 5, 1; 35-58
2391-3991
Pojawia się w:
Polish Journal of Political Science
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Middle East in American Media: A 21st Century Overview
Autorzy:
Al Sharafat, Ayman
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/601219.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej
Tematy:
Media, The United States, The Middle East
Opis:
This study chronicles the portrayal of the Middle East in various American media that have received scholarly attention, centering on the print and broadcast media. The time frame of the media review in the United States towards the Middle East is from the September 11th attacks in 2001 until 2019. The article draws on the theory of orientalism to reveal a facet of the media that perpetuates false stereotypes of the Middle East as a threat to US interests, culture, and security. It finds that although the media in America have paid detailed attention to many issues in the Middle East during the last two decades, there are grounds to assume it has failed to comprehend the sociopolitical and economic reasons behind such issues. Coverage of the Middle East in American media during the 21st century has paralleled the government's official viewpoints and interests in the region.
Źródło:
New Horizons in English Studies; 2019, 4
2543-8980
Pojawia się w:
New Horizons in English Studies
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Geopolitical Transition in North of Syria: The Possibility of the Formation of Kurdish Region
Autorzy:
Moradi, Eskandar
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1191465.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
Tematy:
The Middle East
Identity
Constructivism
Syria
Kurdish Region
Opis:
Middle East which was formed according to the Sykes-Picot treaty in 1916, enters to the third millennium in conditions that it has still remained like undeveloped and unsafe island in the world. In the meantime, Kurds as the largest stateless nation of the world have always influenced on these crises and have been influenced from them. Occurrence of Arabian spring has caused new conditions which have entered Kurds in new period of political and economic life. These new conditions have increased the necessity of doing independent and scientific researches about Kurds position in new geopolitics of Middle East. In this research which has been written by using of descriptive-analytic method and the method of collecting its data is in library form by using of constructivism we seek to prove this hypothesis that despite of formation of triple canton (Island, Afrin and Kobane) and with regard to the internal and external structural obstacles and effective role of regional and trans-regional actors, formation of Kurdish region in Syria at current situation is ambiguous but however retuning to the situation before 2010 ad is also impossible.
Źródło:
World Scientific News; 2016, 40; 175-187
2392-2192
Pojawia się w:
World Scientific News
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
No More Uncertain: The Future of the Gurkhas in the British Army
Autorzy:
Stanik, Paulina
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/973936.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydawnictwa Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego
Tematy:
Gurkhas,
British imperialism,
war,
the Middle East conflict
Opis:
Nepalese soldiers, known as the Gurkhas, have been serving in the British Army for over 200 years and have become to be considered an integral part of this military organization. Their long history of service includes participation in the two world wars, as well as the more recent combat missions in the Middle East. However, some call the existence of their military participation a colonial legacy of British imperialism. The aim of this paper is to answer the question on the future of the Nepalese soldiers in the United Kingdom. The study is primarily based on the findings of the 1989 Defence Committee Report regarding the situation and prospects of the Brigade of the Gurkhas, which is juxtaposed with the most recent dispatches and research dealing with the British Army in general and with the Gurkhas themselves.
Źródło:
Anglica. An International Journal of English Studies; 2019, 28/1; 89-102
0860-5734
Pojawia się w:
Anglica. An International Journal of English Studies
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Arab context of the Ukraine conflict in Russia Today Arabic and Sputnik
Autorzy:
Styszyński, Marcin
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/20436591.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Krakowska Akademia im. Andrzeja Frycza Modrzewskiego
Tematy:
Ukraine war
Russian media
propaganda
the audience
the Middle East
Opis:
The present article is concerned with the Russian narrative of the Ukraine war in Arabic versions of Sputnik and Russia Today Arabic (RT Arabic). The tragic war in Ukraine has affected different media sources in the world, including Russian and pro-Russian media. However, Sputnik and RT Arabic’s media reports combine the Ukraine conflict with Arabic context addressed to different audiences in the Arab world. This study also argues that the Russian narrative relies on propaganda devices such as ad hominem, card stacking and agenda setting, as well as testimonial and glittering generalities. These techniques affect the audience and enable to express Kremlin’s political objectives on the Ukraine war and foreign policy. Moreover, the research demonstrates that the media coverage released by RT Arabic and Sputnik aims at creation of two opposite images, which blame the West and endorse Russian policy.
Źródło:
Krakowskie Studia Międzynarodowe; 2023, XX, 1; 121-137
1733-2680
2451-0610
Pojawia się w:
Krakowskie Studia Międzynarodowe
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Bliski Wschód w XVI-wiecznych pamiętnikach polskich (na przykładzie wybranych kręgów tematycznych)
Middle East in the Sixteenth-Century Polish memoirs (On the Basis of Selected Thematic Circles)
Autorzy:
Zarębski, Rafał
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/577937.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Orientalistyczne
Tematy:
diary
the Middle East
the history of vocabulary
oriental vocabulary
Opis:
The article discusses the construction of the image of the Middle East in Polish sixteenth century memoirs. The material is based on texts by Anzelm Polak, Jan Goryński, Erazm Otwinowski, Andrzej Tarnowski, and Mikołaj Krzysztof Radziwiłł „Sierotka”. Using research methods and tools of lexical semantics, and in particular the lexical-semantic fields theory, as well as the findings of cultural linguistics, the following conclusions have been reached. 1) Memoirists described unknown lands from an anthropocentric perspective. 2) They were interested in aspects such as: the physical appearance and the psyche of residents of the Middle East, their religion, social relationships, and nature. 3) Oriental vocabulary, detailed descriptions, and comparisons play a major role in the reconstruction of the Middle Eastern reality. The analysed diaries are a good source of knowledge about the mentality of the Old Polish nobility and about life in the realms of the contemporary Middle East, especially Turkey.
Źródło:
Przegląd Orientalistyczny; 2015, 3-4; 179-190
0033-2283
Pojawia się w:
Przegląd Orientalistyczny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
New accents in the U.S.-Iran relations. The perspective of Joe Biden’s administration
Autorzy:
Czornik, Katarzyna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/31343771.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023-12-29
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydział Nauk Politycznych i Studiów Międzynarodowych
Tematy:
The United States
Iran
the Middle East
Joe Biden
Ebrahim Raisi
Opis:
The main aim of this article is to determine the leading interests and objectives, both articulated and unarticulated, in Joe Biden’s Iran policy, as well as to present the determining factors which could lead to a potential reorientation of American policy towards this state. The article also aims to identify elements of continuity and change in Biden’s Iran strategy as compared to the Trump administration. The main hypothesis of the article assumes that contrary to the Trump administration, Joe Biden has given priority to dialogue and diplomacy with Iran. However, the dialogue is not unconditional and does not constitute a sum of compromises on the part of the United States (U.S). The paper points that the objective of Joe Biden’s administration is to introduce new accents through partial departure from the strategy pursued by the Trump administration focused on sustaining purposefully and deliberately hostile relations with Iran, intentionally presented as a backlash state, which allowed the U.S. to favour and strengthen its allies and Iran’s adversaries in the Middle East – Israel and Saudi Arabia. The two leading goals in the new administration’s policy towards Tehran are to persuade Iran’s authorities to return to compliance with the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA), which would become a platform for negotiating a new nuclear agreement, and to stop Iran’s support for Shia militias in Iraq and Syria. The key factor to determine the success or failure of such strategy is the victory of an ultraconservative candidate Ebrahim Raisi in the presidential election in 2021.
Źródło:
Stosunki Międzynarodowe - International Relations; 2022, 58; 25-41
0209-0961
Pojawia się w:
Stosunki Międzynarodowe - International Relations
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Perspectives of the Kurdish knot in the Middle East
Autorzy:
Tillo, Khoushnaw
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/450347.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Zielonogórski. Oficyna Wydawnicza
Tematy:
Kurds
The Middle East
Arab Spring; Iraq
Kurdistan Regional Government
Opis:
For centuries, Kurds have been carrying out activities aimed at obtaining their own state. Due to the cooperation of Turkey, Iraq, Iran and Syria, it was impossible in the twentieth century. As a result of Operation Desert Storm, a Kurdish enclave was created in the north of Iraq, which over the years developed and allowed for real dreams of recognized independence, at least for some of the Kurds living in the Middle East. A&er the overthrow of Saddam Hussein and the withdrawal of US troops from Iraq in 2011, there was a political vacuum in which we observe the weakening of the Iraqi state, the outbreak of the Arab Spring and the emergence of the Islamic State, which also had direct consequences for the Kurds. The weakness of the central government in Baghdad, the need to fight the Kurdish army against IS fighters raised the importance of arguments for the proclamation of an independent Kurdish state in the Middle East, or maybe even two, including the possible division of Syria.
Źródło:
Przegląd Narodowościowy – Review of Nationalities; 2018, 8; 119-132
2084-848X
Pojawia się w:
Przegląd Narodowościowy – Review of Nationalities
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Syria in Russia’s Foreign Policy in the 21st Century
Autorzy:
Włodkowska-Bagan, Agata
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1191874.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej
Tematy:
Syria
Russia
the Middle East
civil war in Syria
Arab Spring
Opis:
The USSR used to be a very important actor in the Middle East. Immediately after the dissolution of the Soviet empire, Russia’s involvement in the region was reduced. However, since the mid-1990s Moscow’s efforts on strengthen its position in the region became evident. This article aims to show the determinants and goals of the Russian Federation’s foreign policy towards Syria in the 21st century. It will provide a brief analysis of the reasons and interests for Russia’s activity in Syria and support for Bashar al-Assad since the outbreak of the civil war.
Źródło:
Teka Komisji Politologii i Stosunków Międzynarodowych; 2017, 12, 1; 27-40
1896-8279
Pojawia się w:
Teka Komisji Politologii i Stosunków Międzynarodowych
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Domestic Political Unrest and the Military Doctrine Change in the Neighborhood: Arab Uprisings and Israel (2011–2015)
Autorzy:
Badry Eid, Mohammad
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1808007.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019-09-09
Wydawca:
Wyższa Szkoła Bezpieczeństwa Publicznego i Indywidualnego Apeiron w Krakowie
Tematy:
Arab Spring
Israeli military doctrine
Israel’s security
Israeli deterrence
the Middle East
Opis:
The “Arab Spring” uprisings are a historic milestone from Israel’s national security perspective, regarding to the political and security changes in the regional strategic environment, as Israel’s geographic neighboring, Egypt and Syria, have become more threatening. As a serious scientific attempt under the umbrella of the balance of power theory in the political science literature on military doctrine change, this paper aims to examine conditions under which a domestic political change or unrest in a state may affect, positively or negatively, the change of the military doctrine of another state or states in neighborhood. By applying this research question to the case of the Arab uprisings and Israel, the study examines, from Israeli elite’s perspective, why and how the aforementioned uprisings affect the Israeli military doctrine, and explores whether the particular components of this doctrine have been affected to the same degree. The study uses elite approach, and discourse analysis as key methodological tools. The general findings indicated that the Arab uprisings have strong and diversified impacts on the components of the Israeli military doctrine. These impacts may be compared to those of regional wars and military conflicts, as they have reshaped the map of security risks and threats.
Źródło:
Security Dimensions; 2019, 29(29); 64-109
2353-7000
Pojawia się w:
Security Dimensions
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The role of Muslim women in political life based on the examples of selected Muslim countries
Autorzy:
Jomma, Fuad
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/615850.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
development of women
the Middle East
Islam
rozwój kobiet
Bliski Wschód
kobiety muzułmańskie
Opis:
Tematem publikacji jest rola kobiet muzułmańskich w życiu politycznym i społecznym. Przedstawione zostały pierwsze kobiety w islamie, które odegrały ważną rolę w polityce. Na przykładzie wybranych krajów muzułmańskich opisano obecność kobiet w rządach tych krajów i stopień ich zaangażowania w politykę. Omówione zostały czynniki, które wpływają na wzrost roli kobiet na arenie politycznej oraz te, które ograniczają ich udział w życiu politycznym i społecznym. W artykule znajduje się odpowiedź na pytanie, czy wysoki wskaźnik PKB ma wpływ na zaangażowanie kobiet w życie społeczne i polityczne.
The topic of those publication is the role of Muslim women in political and social life. Presents the first women in Islam, which played an important role in politics. Presents some Muslim countries and the presence of women in the governments of these countries. It describes the degree of their involvement in politics. Discusses the factors that affect the growth of the role of women in the political arena and those that limit their participation in political and social life. You’ll find the answer to the question whether the high rate of GDP has an impact on women’s involvement in social and political life.
Źródło:
Przegląd Politologiczny; 2016, 4; 107-118
1426-8876
Pojawia się w:
Przegląd Politologiczny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
War in Syria: No Good News for Israel?
Autorzy:
Bryc, Agnieszka
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/624670.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej
Tematy:
Israel, Syria, Russia, U.S., ISIS, the Middle East, Bashar Assad, war, conflict, security
Opis:
In the Middle East things are not always what they seem to be. It would appear that Israel and Syria are the odd couple in the Middle East. Although their relationship seems to be typical of sworn enemies, full of aggressive rhetoric, distrust and a hostile atmosphere, in fact, however, both countries were driven for decades by pragmatic security interests and they have managed to avoid a violent military clash. Yet the outbreak of the Syrian crisis in 2011 created an opportunity for Israel to change the regime in Damascus and made it rethink its policy towards Syria. Therefore, Jerusalem had to decide whether to take the historical chance or stay passive. The goal of this paper is to answer a few questions – whether the war in Syria is a challenge or a threat for Israel? How Jerusalem has tried to balance the chance to get rid of its old enemy and the fundamental security concerns about getting involved into a massive regional conflict. The analysis finds that Israel has a limited impact on events in Syria, that it is able to react at most, and in no case to create facts on the Syrian battlefront. It is also remarkable that, paradoxically, the turmoil in the Middle East even along the Israeli borders has not directly undermined the Jewish state due to the complexity of a dynamic situation and the fact the at superpowers are embroiled into contradictory campaigns.
Źródło:
Teka Komisji Politologii i Stosunków Międzynarodowych; 2017, 12, 1
1896-8279
Pojawia się w:
Teka Komisji Politologii i Stosunków Międzynarodowych
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
USA wobec Bliskiego Wschodu: od Baracka Obamy do Donalda Trumpa
U.S. towards the Middle East: from Barack Obama to Donald Trump
Autorzy:
Czornik, Katarzyna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/506198.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Krakowska Akademia im. Andrzeja Frycza Modrzewskiego
Tematy:
the Middle East
the United States of America
Barack Obama
Donald Trump
Bliski Wschód
USA
Opis:
The Middle East, as one of the most strategic and, at the same time, conflicting areas both in the twentieth and the first two decades of the 21st century, occupies a key place in the foreign policy of the United States. It is the region where, in various forms, American political, economic and military interests are being realized through competition the other actors in the international arena, taking actions to make the states clients of the United States, strengthening dependencies and links with the countries of the region (including Israel), taking initiatives to look for new allies or using military force as a means of implementing foreign policy in the Middle East, as exemplifi ed by the Gulf War, US involvement in Libya and Syria or the war with the so-called Islamic State. The essence of the Middle Eastern US policy has become a kind of sinusoidal variation in reaching for the instruments characteristic for the policy of hard and soft Wilsonianism. While the policy of Barack Obama towards the Middle East was marked by using soft power and an abandonment of the New Crusade and war on terrorism, characteristic for the administration of George W. Bush, Donald Trump presents an uncompromising strategy in accordance with the slogan Make America Great Again and the strategy of building American World Order in the Middle East.
Bliski Wschód zajmuje kluczowe miejsce w polityce zagranicznej USA. Jest to region realizacji amerykańskich interesów, rywalizacji z innymi aktorami areny międzynarodowej, podejmowania działań na rzecz uczynienia z państw arabskich client states, umacniania zależności z państwami regionu a także wykorzystywania przez USA siły militarnej jako środka realizacji polityki zagranicznej (wojny w Zatoce Perskiej, zaangażowanie USA w Libii i Syrii, wojna z ISIS). Istotą bliskowschodniej polityki USA stała się pewnego rodzaju sinusoidalna zmienność w sięganiu po instrumenty charakterystyczne dla polityki soft i hard wilsonianism. O ile bowiem politykę prezydenta Baracka Obamy wobec Bliskiego Wschodu cechowało odejście od The New Crusade i War on Terrorism charakterystycznych dla George’a W. Busha, o tyle Donald Trump prezentuje strategię (brak strategii?) bezkompromisowości zgodnie z przyjętym w kampanii wyborczej hasłem Make America Great Again i podejmuje działania na rzecz stworzenia American World Order również na Bliskim Wschodzie.
Źródło:
Krakowskie Studia Międzynarodowe; 2018, 3; 173-195
1733-2680
2451-0610
Pojawia się w:
Krakowskie Studia Międzynarodowe
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Heptagonal – The Introduction to a Seven Seas Doctrine - Years 2030
Autorzy:
Hoschek, Miroslav
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1861665.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Wyższa Szkoła Bezpieczeństwa Publicznego i Indywidualnego Apeiron w Krakowie
Tematy:
the 2030s military strategies
terrorism
Seven Seas – HEPTAGONAL
Xinjiang´ tectonic plate
the Islamic caliphates
The Middle East alliances
Opis:
We will operate in this article with visions, actions, and alternative strategies for territory around a zone of „Seven Seas – HEPTAGONAL“, where a new geopolitical players will emerge. The next decades crises and regional wars could erupt and spread under numerous unpredictable scenarios. During the 2030s will China, U.S., India and Russia meet in a zone of „Seven Seas – HEPTAGONAL“, with the spread of regional wars, using their military, political or intelligence capacity, to try to fight against terrorism or to block regional war expansion.
Źródło:
Security Dimensions; 2016, 19(19); 136-148
2353-7000
Pojawia się w:
Security Dimensions
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Refleksje wokół wybranych zagadnień współczesnej historii Iraku na tle Bliskiego Wschodu
Reflections on selected issues of the contemporary history of Iraq against the background of the Middle East
Autorzy:
Jamsheer, Hassan A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/504950.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Krakowska Akademia im. Andrzeja Frycza Modrzewskiego
Tematy:
współczesna historia Iraku
Bliski Wschód
doktryna polityczna
contemporary history of Iraq
the Middle East
political doctrine
Opis:
Artykuł przedstawia szereg refl eksji na temat przemian politycznych zachodzących w Iraku na tle współczesnej historii Bliskiego Wschodu. Analiza rozpoczyna się od rezultatów I wojny światowej, które wyłoniły dominację Wielkiej Brytanii i Francji na tym obszarze. Dominacja ta potęgowała w miejscowej ludności potrzebę uzyskania niezawisłości narodowej. W warunkach słabości partii politycznych i ewidentnej słabości zorganizowanego społeczeństwa obywatelskiego, inicjatywę polityczną – na rzecz uzyskania niepodległości i w rezultacie wyłącznego rządzenia niepodległym krajem – przejęła armia. Konsekwencje tego stanu rzeczy to powstanie niedemokratycznych, autorytarnych reżymów wojskowych w Iraku i wielu krajach arabskich. W ostatnich dwóch dekadach mamy liczne przykłady tragicznych skutków tej formy sprawowania władzy. Niniejszy artykuł śledzi ponadto doktrynalny wyraz autorytarnych rządów panujących w Iraku w postaci ideologii Baas, tj. Socjalistycznej Partii Odrodzenia Arabskiego – ideologii nacjonalizmu arabskiego stanowiącej apologię nieograniczonej, a zarazem bezterminowej władzy jednostki.
Against the general background of contemporary history, the article presents a number of refl ections on the political and social transformations of Iraq and the Middle East. The analysis starts with the outcome of World War I, which brought about the domination of Great Britain and France in the Middle East – a domination that emphsised the need for national independence. In the circumstances of the weakness of political parties and virtual absence of the civil society, the political initiative was undertaken by the military on the path of achieving national independence, and later – of the sole governance of the country. The consequences of such an undemocratic, authoritarian regime became evident during the last two decades. The article additionally follows up the doctrinal expression of that authoritarian rule in Iraq and points out to its fatal consequences for the country and the Middle East.
Źródło:
Krakowskie Studia Międzynarodowe; 2017, 3; 195-206
1733-2680
2451-0610
Pojawia się w:
Krakowskie Studia Międzynarodowe
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
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