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Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 35
Tytuł:
Can macrofungal biodiversity predict forest status and dynamics? A view from South European Mediterranean forests (Italy)
Autorzy:
Ambrosio, Elia
Feest, Alan
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/11543409.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Botaniczne
Tematy:
microfungi
biodiversity
forest stand
forest dynamics
terrestrial ecosystem
environmental impact
Mediterranean forest
Italy
Opis:
Fungi are among the most important organisms on earth, and they are essential components of terrestrial ecosystems. Their reproductive structures are strictly dependent and affected by environmental conditions, and community dynamics over time and space may be indirect indicators of the health status of forests. We combined macrofungal biodiversity indices in eight Mediterranean forests in Italy and surveyed 160 plots by standardized surveys, to evaluate the role of macrofungi as early predictors of change in the forest structure. The results show that indices of fungal diversity are influenced by geographic and floristic conditions, and inter- and intra-annual temperature and rainfall fluctuations affect the formation of fungal fruiting bodies. These findings suggest that environmental changes could be reflected by macrofungi, and conservation initiatives should consider the pivotal role that fungi play in biodiversity monitoring.
Źródło:
Acta Mycologica; 2021, 56, 1; 567
0001-625X
2353-074X
Pojawia się w:
Acta Mycologica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Evolution of the cell wall components during terrestrialization
Autorzy:
Banasiak, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/57898.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Botaniczne
Tematy:
evolution
cell wall
land plant
terrestrialization
ancestral gene
polysaccharide
lignin
terrestrial ecosystem
Opis:
Colonization of terrestrial ecosystems by the first land plants, and their subsequent expansion and diversification, were crucial for the life on the Earth. However, our understanding of these processes is still relatively poor. Recent intensification of studies on various plant organisms have identified the plant cell walls are those structures, which played a key role in adaptive processes during the evolution of land plants. Cell wall as a structure protecting protoplasts and showing a high structural plasticity was one of the primary subjects to changes, giving plants the new properties and capabilities, which undoubtedly contributed to the evolutionary success of land plants. In this paper, the current state of knowledge about some main components of the cell walls (cellulose, hemicelluloses, pectins and lignins) and their evolutionary alterations, as preadaptive features for the land colonization and the plant taxa diversification, is summarized. Some aspects related to the biosynthesis and modification of the cell wall components, with particular emphasis on the mechanism of transglycosylation, are also discussed. In addition, new surprising discoveries related to the composition of various cell walls, which change how we perceive their evolution, are presented, such as the presence of lignin in red algae or MLG (1→3),(1→4)-β-D-glucan in horsetails. Currently, several new and promising projects, regarding the cell wall, have started, deciphering its structure, composition and metabolism in the evolutionary context. That additional information will allow us to better understand the processes leading to the terrestrialization and the evolution of extant land plants.
Źródło:
Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae; 2014, 83, 4
0001-6977
2083-9480
Pojawia się w:
Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Diversity of the soil cover in the natural Tilio-Carpinetum stachyetosum in the Bialowieza Forest
Autorzy:
Bialy, K
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1450466.pdf
Data publikacji:
2001
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Agrofizyki PAN
Tematy:
Tilio-Carpinetum stachyestosum
Bialowieza Forest
soil parameter
physical parameter
biotic factor
soil cover
soil
chemical parameter
soil property
multispecies moist forest
terrestrial ecosystem
forest
Bialowieza National Park
Opis:
Natural variability of pseudogley forest soils in the Białowieża National Park was characterised on the basis of five soil exposures. Two of them were located in a water-logged site, one in a mound one in a patch with dominance of deciduous trees, and one in a spruce biogrup. It was found that pseudogley soils of a natural moist deciduous forest show additional differentiation in the form of characteristic micromosaics. There is a pronounced impact of the species structure in a treestand, uprooted trees and hoofed mammals on the properties of the soil cover. Changes resulting from the above biotic factory were observed in all the analysed physical, physico-chemical and chemical soil parameters.
Źródło:
Acta Agrophysica; 2001, 50; 7-16
1234-4125
Pojawia się w:
Acta Agrophysica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A digitized database of bark morphology for identification of common tree species and literature study of bark phytochemicals and therapeutic usage
Autorzy:
Biswas, Shilpa
Gupta, Kaushik
Talapatra, Soumendra Nath
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1190149.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Przedsiębiorstwo Wydawnictw Naukowych Darwin / Scientific Publishing House DARWIN
Tematy:
Bark morphology
Bark images database
Phytochemicals in bark
Common tree species
Terrestrial ecosystem
Opis:
Bark is used for several therapeutic purposes by traditional knowledge from ancient time. The present study was attempted to digitize the bark morphology by image based database for common tree species and compilation of recent research works by literature survey to know potent phyto- constituents present in the bark of tree species and their ability in disease prevention. In conclusion, present study of digital database on bark morphology may help easy detection of common tree species in biodiversity research work. In the present study, also the compilation of bark phytochemicals and their therapeutic efficiencies may also serve a databank as ready references in future pharmacological researches.
Źródło:
World Scientific News; 2016, 42; 143-155
2392-2192
Pojawia się w:
World Scientific News
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Characteristics of the meadow hydrogenic soils in Przedmoscie against the background of forming plant communities
Autorzy:
Bogacz, A
Grosdzinska, D.
Chachula, K.
Kasowska, D.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1450407.pdf
Data publikacji:
2001
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Agrofizyki PAN
Tematy:
organic matter
physicochemical property
physical property
hydrogenic soil
chemical property
plant community
soil
meadow soil
soil property
melioration
terrestrial ecosystem
Opis:
The aim of this work was to compile characteristics of some selected physical, physico-chemical and chemical properties of the reclaimed hydrogenic soils in the meadow part of the Przedmoście bog in the context of new forming plant communities. Melioration work conducted in this area before the Second World War ended peat accumulation processes. Consequently, drying peat began to disintegrate and mineralise. Analyses of floral lists proved that the existing vegetation replaced the original bog plant communities, which flourished in this area in the past. Descriptions of profiles point to the existence of mixed formations (gyttja, peat) often containing high quantities of CaCO3. Peat formations present in the profiles are usually at the advanced degree of decomposition (H>7) and contain substantial quantities of ash. This high degree of ash content and bulk density results in strong compaction and muddy soil horizons. A low coefficient of C/N showed intense mineralization of organic matter in the upper soil horizons.
Źródło:
Acta Agrophysica; 2001, 50; 17-28
1234-4125
Pojawia się w:
Acta Agrophysica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Stratigraphic and geochemical differentiation of organogenic sediments in the river valley of Ciemiega as a result of anthropogenic alterations in the area of the river basin in the Holocene
Autorzy:
Borowiec, J
Urban, D.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1450833.pdf
Data publikacji:
2001
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Agrofizyki PAN
Tematy:
loess area
organogenic sediment
Holocene
river valley
soil
sediment stratigraphy
geochemical differentiation
Lublin Upland
terrestrial ecosystem
Ciemiega River
Opis:
Anthropogenic alterations of the recent millennia of our era, in the loess areas of the Lublin Upland are clearly visible in the composition and character of the sediments that fill river valleys. This paper is an attempt to review this issue on the example of a small river valley that runs through the loess relief regions near Lublin. Samples were taken from deep drilling (up to 6 m) in the three cross-sections of the valley (Ożarów, Jastków, Snopków). A total of 172 samples taken from 5 drillings were investigated. The results obtained allow to conclude that delluvial processes dominated in the course of sediment formation that filled the Ciemięga river valley. Those delluvial processes started in the Neolyth by climatic changes and cutting down forests for the incoming agriculture - and have been intensified since the Middle Ages up till now. It is seen in a clear correlation between the growing part of ash components and mineral interbeddings in the peat deposits, as well as in the presence of cereal grains and weed pollen from cultivated fields in the investigated samples. In the chemical composition of the sediments, anthropogenic enrichment of K, P, Fe, Mn, Pb, Cr, Cu, Zn, and Co is observed.
Źródło:
Acta Agrophysica; 2001, 50; 29-40
1234-4125
Pojawia się w:
Acta Agrophysica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Popularisation of soil science: its necessity and possibilities
Autorzy:
Brozek, S
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1450560.pdf
Data publikacji:
2001
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Agrofizyki PAN
Tematy:
soil function
soil structure
soil profile
soil monolith
soil science
environment
soil education
soil
ability
terrestrial ecosystem
Opis:
The author points to the necessity of propagating knowledge on the soil and suggests ways to do it. Firstly, he emphasises shortage of didactic aids for comprehensive teaching of soil science. He discusses this problem in comparison to other natural sciences far better known. As there are no useful teaching aids, the author draws our attention to the importance of the soil monolith, soil displays, posters and atlases. Moreover, he emphasises the role of Internet in education. Finally, he proposes to found a soil profile museum for educational purposes.
Źródło:
Acta Agrophysica; 2001, 50; 263-269
1234-4125
Pojawia się w:
Acta Agrophysica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Numerical agricultural soil map of Poland at the scale of 1:500 000
Autorzy:
Budzynska, K
Stuczynski, T.
Zaliwski, A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1450546.pdf
Data publikacji:
2001
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Agrofizyki PAN
Tematy:
natural environment
soil map
Polska
soil
numerical map
soil property
landscape architecture
terrestrial ecosystem
soil cover
Opis:
In Poland, soil cover has been identified in detail in terms of spatial variability which resulted in soil records that comprise data on soil properties put in order according to the criteria of administrative and physiographic division. These data were not available in the numerical format till quite recently which meant that their application did not fully meet present requirements of agriculture, environment and landscape conservation, modification of functions, etc. The newly created numerical soil map at the scale of 1.500 000 corrects this difficulty. The main information content of the map at the scale of 1:500 000 covers complexes of soil usefulness and soil types and subtypes. Basic characteristics such as granulometric composition, origin of the parent rock and land use attributes, i.e.: forest, grassland, arable land, waters or barren land, are also included. Apart from the soil coverage, the map contains 13 topographic coverages.
Źródło:
Acta Agrophysica; 2001, 50; 271-274
1234-4125
Pojawia się w:
Acta Agrophysica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Characteristics of humic substances in humid subalpine forest soils in Central Taiwan
Autorzy:
Chen, J S
Chiu, C.Y.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1450325.pdf
Data publikacji:
2001
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Agrofizyki PAN
Tematy:
subalpine forest
temperature
humic acid
humification
humic substance
soil
Taiwan
ecosystem
forest soil
terrestrial ecosystem
fulvic acid
Opis:
The study site, 2700 m a.s.l., is located in the central Taiwan. A globally rare combination of the mean temperature (ca. 9.5 °C) and total annual precipitation (ca. 4100 mm) makes studies on pedogenic and edaphic processes of the moist soils in this area worthwhile. The study was undertaken to investigate distribution and characteristics of humic substances in this subalpine forest ecosystem. Fulvic acids comprised a higher total organic carbon fraction (1.8 to 25%) than humic acids (1.1 to 13.4%). Fulvic acids were more mobile and migrated downwards to deeper horizons. Comparatively, humic acids were distributed more in the surface horizons. The hu- mification index, based on E4/E6, showed that humification varied in different horizons even in the same profile. The AlogK and RF values indicate that the types of humic acids extracted from Tsuga forest soil are grouped as P or A types, whereas Rp or B types are in Picea forest soil, suggesting a high degree of humification of humic acids in such soils. Features of the absorption spectra were consistent with the classification of humic acids with A logK and RF values. Humification indices and humic acid types in these subalpine soils indicate that they are similar to acidic soils elsewhere with abundant rainfall and cold climate.
Źródło:
Acta Agrophysica; 2001, 50; 41-47
1234-4125
Pojawia się w:
Acta Agrophysica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Changes in the microbiological activity of hydrogenic soils after drainage
Autorzy:
Chmielewski, K
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1450306.pdf
Data publikacji:
2001
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Agrofizyki PAN
Tematy:
hydrogenic soil
Polska
microbial activity
peatland
peat mineralization
moisture content
fungi
mucking
cellulolytic microflora
soil
microorganism
terrestrial ecosystem
dehydrogenase activity
soil moisture
natural peat
drainage
Opis:
Quantity of some groups of microorganisms and dehydrogenase activity were determined in the top soil layer (0-10 cm) of natural and drained peatland. High soil moisture (85 to 90%) in the natural peatland accounted for the reduction of fungi and cellulolytic microorganisms which can reflect a restricted process of peat mineralization. In late summer (September), peat-muck soils of drained meadows supported rather high numbers of cellulolytic microflora except for the Modzelówka peatland that was highly decomposed. In the alaer peat with high degree of mucking and low moisture content (55-63%) fungi were abundant. Dehydrogenase activity was the highest (153 to 181 ul H2 g-1) in natural peats with high moisture content (80-89%) and the lowest (5-13 ul H2 g-1) in alder peats with high degree of mucking. Thus, moisture and degree of peat mucking affect development of microorganisms and dehydrogenase activity causing more or less intense mineralization of organic matter.
Źródło:
Acta Agrophysica; 2001, 50; 49-57
1234-4125
Pojawia się w:
Acta Agrophysica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Acidity and buffering properties of selected soil types of the Lasy Janowskie Landscape Park
Autorzy:
Chodorowski, J
Debicki, R.
Smalej, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1450235.pdf
Data publikacji:
2001
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Agrofizyki PAN
Tematy:
peat soil
soil environment
gley soil
Lasy Janowskie Landscape Park
soil type
soil
protection
plant cover
buffer property
terrestrial ecosystem
Opis:
The aim of this study was to analyse the acidity and buffer abilities of selected soils occurring within terrestrial (forest, arable and meadow) ecosystems, under specific form of protection within the Lasy Janowskie Landscape Park. The results of the study indicate that the very acid and acid reaction of the soil environment is the result of natural processes, such as relations between mother rock and plant cover (low pH, high value of hydrolytic and exchangeable acidity, and high content of mobile aluminum), and low degree of saturation of the sorption complex with bases. The greatest buffering abilities showed typic gley soil (Dystric Gleysol), peat soil (Terric Histosol), and accumulation horizons of other soil types.
Źródło:
Acta Agrophysica; 2001, 50; 59-70
1234-4125
Pojawia się w:
Acta Agrophysica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Sorption properties of gypsic rendzinas from the Niecka Nidzianska area
Autorzy:
Ciarkowska, K
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1450782.pdf
Data publikacji:
2001
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Agrofizyki PAN
Tematy:
soil profile
glacial cover
rendzina soil
Polish lowland
soil protection
arable soil
semispherical gypsic hill
soil
turf soil
gypsum deposit
sorption property
gypsic rendzina soil
Niecka Nidzianska area
gypsic rock
terrestrial ecosystem
Nida area
Opis:
In order to estimate sorption properties of gypsic rendzinas from the Niecka Nidziańska area as well as compare a composition of exchangeable cations in arable and turf soils 24 profiles have been investigated which represented following subtypes: initial, proper, chernozemic and brown ones, and derived from 3 types of miocene gypsum: selenite, shaly and compact gypsum. On the basis of the investigations it has been found that sorption properties of gypsic rendzinas were formed under influence of lithological factor and depend on the activity of the parent rock which is expressed by a content of the active calcium in the rock. Humous horizons of the arable soils characterised of a slightly lower complex exchange capacity and a higher contribution of potassium and magnesium in the composition of exchangeable ions in comparison with analogous horizons of the turf soils. A content of exchangeable cations permitted to count investigated soils among the soils with saturated complex of exchangeable cations. In their complex dominated calcium and the contribution of acid cations was small.
Źródło:
Acta Agrophysica; 2001, 50; 71-79
1234-4125
Pojawia się w:
Acta Agrophysica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Factors affecting forest soil distribution and properties in the river breaks of the Roztocze Region
Autorzy:
Czarnecka, B
Janiec, B.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1450487.pdf
Data publikacji:
2001
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Agrofizyki PAN
Tematy:
river valley
forest ecosystem
plant community
hydrological process
ground water
Jelen River
bog-alder forest
forest soil
geomorphological process
mineral soil
Sopot
organic soil
soil
Roztocze macroregion
soil property
terrestrial ecosystem
distribution
Opis:
Studies on the soils in forest ecosystems in breaks of the rivers Jeleń and Sopot were carried out in the years 1997-1998. Although the rivers differ in length, catchment area, amount of water carried and breadth of the valleys, the most important factors affecting soil formation and their spatial differentiation are similar: bedrock, relief, water drainage, natural type of water management, position of the ground water-table relative to the river water level, and chemistry of spring and soil waters. Steep slopes of the valleys covered with poor and highly acidic podzolic soils are usually overgrown with fir and pine phytocenoses, or rarely, with mixed oak-pine forests. The bottoms are often characterised by longitudinal duality of the flood-plain benches. In the drier area close to the river beds under ash-alder forests, there are more fertile gley soils and gley podzols. Poorer and more acidic localities are occupied by mixed forests with spruce. In permanently moist fragments of the benches at the foot of the slopes and in depressions with stagnant water weakly acidic peat-mud and peat soils occur overgrown with bog-alder forests. Peculiarities of these areas are low peat-bogs suspended even up to 4-6 m above the water-table of the river.
Źródło:
Acta Agrophysica; 2001, 50; 81-93
1234-4125
Pojawia się w:
Acta Agrophysica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Influence of the bog soil chemical properties on the floral composition of microcenoses in bog forests of the Stare Biele Reserve in the Knyszyn Forest
Autorzy:
Czubaszek, R
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1450513.pdf
Data publikacji:
2001
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Agrofizyki PAN
Tematy:
microstructure
Stare Biele Reserve
bog soil
floristic composition
chemical property
plant community
bog forest
soil
biotope
microtopography
terrestrial ecosystem
Knyszyn Forest
Opis:
Studies considering hummocks and hollows structure of bog forests were carried out in the Stare Biele Reserve in the Knyszyn Forest. The aim of the study was better recognition of bog forests spatial structure including recognition of soil chemical composition of hummocks and hollows. The bog forest communities in Stare Biele Reserve have various percentage of hummocks. The hummocks have similar morphological structure and are distinctly separated from hollows in all four bog forest communities. Degree of hummocks development and their morphological structure have big impact on plant distribution on their surface. Soil chemical properties are one of the factors, which influence floral abundance and composition of microcenoses. Soil reaction and calcium content, among other measured properties, exert the biggest influence on the floral abundance and composition of microcenoses.
Źródło:
Acta Agrophysica; 2001, 50; 95-104
1234-4125
Pojawia się w:
Acta Agrophysica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Cation exchange capacity of clay rich soils in relation to mineralogical composition and organic matter content
Autorzy:
Dabkowska-Naskret, H
Jaworska, H.
Kobierski, M.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1450278.pdf
Data publikacji:
2001
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Agrofizyki PAN
Tematy:
organic matter
capacity
clay rich soil
mineralogical composition
aluminium oxide
soil component
clay fraction
manganese oxide
soil
cation exchange
whole soil
free iron
terrestrial ecosystem
Opis:
Contribution of clay mineral phase (<2 um) and organic matter to the cation exchange capacity (CEC) of two clayey soils (gleyic black earths from Gniew) was investigated. The XRD analysis showed dominance of illite and mixed laver illite/smectite as well as the presence of smectite, chlorite and trace of kaolinite in the clay fraction of studied soils. CEC of the soils ranged between 22.08-32.64 cmol(+)/kg. After removal of organic matter with 30% H2O2, CEC the above values decreased significantly. However, the CEC of organic and inorganic components is not an additive. This may be explained by the formation of organo-mineral complexes, which might lower the CEC of the soil as a whole.
Źródło:
Acta Agrophysica; 2001, 50; 113-118
1234-4125
Pojawia się w:
Acta Agrophysica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
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