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Tytuł:
The Cambrian trilobites of Jordan - taxonomy, systematic and stratigraphic significance
Autorzy:
Elicki, O.
Geyer, G.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/139261.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
Chiny
Globalna współzależność
Hiszpania
Izrael
Jordania
kambr
Maroko
Morze Martwe
Polska
stratygrafia
Syberia
Trylobity
Cambrian
Dead Sea
global correlation
Israel
Jordan
Morocco
Polska
Siberia
South China
Spain
stratigraphy
Trilobita
Opis:
Marine carbonates and siliciclastic rocks of the Burj Formation in Jordan include paucispecific trilobite associations of the (traditional) Lower. Middle Cambrian boundary interval. Comprehensive new material of these trilobites allows a review of their taxonomy and systematic positions as well as a refined morphological description and a reconsideration of previous interpretations of their stratigraphic position and thus the correlation of the fossiliferous beds. In addition to the classic species Kingaspis campbelli (King, 1923) and Redlichops blanckenhorni Richter and Richter, 1941, Timnaella? orientalis (Picard, 1942) and Hesa problematica Richter and Richter, 1941, the discussed trilobites include Issalia gen. nov. with Issalia scutalis gen. nov., sp. nov., Tayanaspis gen. nov. with Tayanaspis bulbosus gen. nov., sp. nov., Uhaymiria gen. nov. with Uhaymiria glabra gen. nov., sp. nov., Cambrunicornia? jafnaensis sp. nov., Myopsolenites palmeri (Parnes, 1971), M. hyperion sp. nov., and Enixus cf. antiquus (Chernysheva, 1956). Myopsolenites boutiouiti Geyer and Landing, 2004 is now regarded as a junior synonym of Myopsolenites altus (Lian and Gozalo, 1986). A detailed discussion of the correlation with a focus on global aspects provides clues for the utility of potential index fossils for the global Cambrian Series 3 and Stage 5.
Źródło:
Acta Geologica Polonica; 2013, 63, 1; 1-56
0001-5709
Pojawia się w:
Acta Geologica Polonica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Hybrid Warfare and Deniability as Understood by the Military
Autorzy:
Gunneriusson, Håkan
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/594504.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Tematy:
South Chinese Sea
China
ASEAN
PMSC
Hybrid warfare
National security policies
NATO policy and doctrines
exploitation of cultural
asymmetries
state vulnerabilities
reflexive control
NATO Defense College
Opis:
Russia and China are terraforming the maritime environment as part of their warfare. In both cases the actions are illegal and the performance is offensive to its actual nature. In the case of China, the practice is construction of artificial islands in the South Chinese Sea and in the case of Russia it is about the infamous bridge built over the Kerch strait, Ukraine. Neither Russia nor China expects an armed conflict with the West in the near future. That is a reasonable assumption, which is weaponized at the political-strategically level. The attack of this weaponized situation is that the trust in the West. Primarily the EU (European Union) and NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization), is eroded for every day which these countries challenges the international system which the western democracies say that they present and defend. China and Russia offer their authoritarian systems as a replacement and there are a lot of pseudo-democratic or even out-right authoritarian regimes on the sideline watching this challenge unfold. The article highlights the difference for the NATO-countries in logic of practice when it comes to the political social field on one hand and the military political field on the other hand. The article uses material from a previously unpublished survey made on NATO-officers then attending courses at NATO Defense College (NDC).
Źródło:
Polish Political Science Yearbook; 2019, 2 (48); 267-288
0208-7375
Pojawia się w:
Polish Political Science Yearbook
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Modeling the ecosystem response to summer coastal upwelling in the Northern South China Sea
Autorzy:
Jiang, R.
Wang, Y.-S.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/47804.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Oceanologii PAN
Tematy:
nutrient
phytoplankton
zooplankton
ecosystem model
coastal upwelling
hydrographic condition
seasonal change
sea surface temperature
South China Sea
Opis:
A coupled three-dimensional physical model and a nitrogen-based nutrient, phytoplankton, zooplankton, and detritus (NPZD) ecosystem model were applied to simulate the summer coastal upwelling system over the continental shelf of northern South China Sea (NSCS) and its impact on hydrographic conditions and ecosystem. The simulated results were comprehensively validated against field and satellite measurements. The model results show that the near shore ecosystem of NSCS has significant responses to the summer coastal upwelling system. The Shantou Coast to the Nanri Islands of Fujian province (YD) and the east of the Leizhou Peninsula (QD) are two main regions affected by NSCS summer coast upwelling. During summer, these two coastal areas are characterized by nearshore cold and high salinity upwelling current. Further, the summer coastal upwelling serves as a perfect nutrient pump, which lifts up and advects nutrient-rich current from deep to surface, from inner shelf to about 30 km outer shelf. This nutrient source reaches its maximum in the middle of July and then begins to decrease. However, the maximum phytoplankton and chlorophyll a do not coincide with the maximum nutrients and delay for about 10 days. Because of the intensive seasonal thermocline and the complicated current transporting through Qiongzhou strait, the ecological responding of QD is less pronounced than YD. This study has a better understanding of the physically modulated ecological responses to the NSCS summer coastal upwelling system.
Źródło:
Oceanologia; 2018, 60, 1
0078-3234
Pojawia się w:
Oceanologia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Bipolar Disorder in Statehood: is China “Dr. Jekyll” or “Mr. Hyde” or Both?
Autorzy:
Jones, David A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/648529.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
China
South China Sea
United States
State Bi-polarity
TPP
TTIP
Opis:
American and Chinese interests seem to be at one time in agreement and at another at loggerheads over issues that involve armed services, diplomacy, economics, human rights, intelligence, trade and culture. Part of what may appear to be a growing déracinement, or mutual disenchantment, arising from diverse viewpoints over infrastructure development globally but especially in sensitive developing areas such as the stand-off in the South China Sea and elsewhere along the Pacific coastline of Southeast Asia, and the Western Pacific Rim. China seems to be reconstructing its ancient feudal empire, actual or imaginary, in the territory to its South, the ASEAN bloc. This article will address some issues of compatibility and conflict that unite China but that sometimes divide it from the United States and the West, then assesses what alternative strategies should be adopted or abandoned in the interests of global and regional harmony coupled with security. It urges greater cooperation and collaboration, a development of a code of conduct for state behavior in the Indo-Asia-Pacific region, together with a concerted East–West effort to maintain a stable economy for China and a sustainable trade relationship between China, Europe, and North America.
Źródło:
International Studies. Interdisciplinary Political and Cultural Journal; 2018, 22, 1
1641-4233
2300-8695
Pojawia się w:
International Studies. Interdisciplinary Political and Cultural Journal
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
China in the South China Sea. Can China’s presence in the South China Sea lead to war?
Autorzy:
Kościelniak, Karol
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1963335.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018-12-31
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Tematy:
the South China Sea
China
competition
navy
naval forces
Opis:
China has been expanding its presence on the South China Sea, which causes tensions in the region. However, when different aspects of the situation are analysed, an open armed conflict seems hardly possible. Looking at China’s activity in this body of water, it appears the Chinese state strives to safeguard its interests, primarily the economic ones, nonetheless it should be emphasized that it pursues its superpower ambitions at the same time.
Źródło:
Reality of Politics; 2018, 9; 15-29
2082-3959
Pojawia się w:
Reality of Politics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Current International Situation in the South China Sea the Path to Confrontation?
Autorzy:
Kościelniak, Karol
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2032282.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013-12-31
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Tematy:
Southeast Asia
South China Sea
territorial disputes
natural resources
international law
Opis:
In recent years, the South China Sea area has become the arena of competition between the countries of Southeast Asia that set up claims to maritime areas and the islands, and, all the more, want to control and exploit what can be found under the seabed, namely the deposits of oil and gas. The situation in the area cannot even be resolved by the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (Montego Bay, 1982). Apart from the resources found in the sea and under the seabed, this body of water is an important shipping route, which makes it a strategically significant area for each of the countries located there, or those whose interests involve the South China Sea. In this work, I describe the current situation in the waters of South China Sea: whether the countries bordering it strive for conflict or just secure their interests. It turns out each of the states will set up demands to the islands on this sea and especially to everything that lives in the sea and is to be found under the seabed. Minor, and also more significant incidents will happen, but it does not seem likely that any serious open conflict between the states of the region will break out in the close future. None of the countries pursues it and they do everything they can to maintain the status quo.
Źródło:
Reality of Politics; 2013, 4; 138-149
2082-3959
Pojawia się w:
Reality of Politics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Some Comments on Vietnam’s Security in the 21st Century
Autorzy:
Kościelniak, Karol
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1963353.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019-12-31
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Tematy:
Vietnam
international security
21st century
South China Sea
Opis:
The main objective set by many countries is ensuring security. The means to accomplish this goal are the armed forces, obliged to guarantee safe functioning of the state and its citizens. There are states, for which maintaining a powerful, modern army has enormous significance for their superpower status, for their preparedness to a potential conflict or as a deterrent for the neighbouring states. Therefore, in the following text I will deal with the Socialist Republic of Vietnam, because of its history, and especially due to the region where it is situated - one of the hottest places on Earth, full of misunderstandings, disputes and conflicts causing that the states situated there, including Vietnam, are modernising their armies.
Źródło:
Reality of Politics; 2019, 10; 71-78
2082-3959
Pojawia się w:
Reality of Politics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The artificial islands of Vietnam in the South China Sea
Autorzy:
Kościelniak, Karol
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/20434452.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023-09-30
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Tematy:
Vietnam
artificial islands
South China Sea
Spratly Islands
Opis:
The militarisation of the South China Sea has specific implications for the regional security situation. The construction of artificial islands and platforms by the states of the region leads, on the one hand, to the assertion of their possessions and the enhancement of their security and, on the other hand, contributes to rising tensions in the region. The construction of such facilities by Vietnam goes unchallenged, there is no criticism and even some support – not so with China. Most countries see Vietnam as the country most able to stand up to its large neighbour. Vietnam otherwise operates more slowly and on a smaller scale, so it is commonly seen as defensive as it builds on islands that have belonged to Hanoi for decades and are close to the mainland coast.
Źródło:
Reality of Politics; 2023, 25; 47-62
2082-3959
Pojawia się w:
Reality of Politics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Background of the Disputes over the South China Sea Islands
Autorzy:
Kościelniak, Karol
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2031848.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014-12-31
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Tematy:
Southeast Asia
South China Sea
security
conflict
Opis:
In the light of the official statements made by the capitals of its coastal states, there is probably not a single centimetre of free space left in this sea, to which a claim has not been issued. In some parts of the sea, the claims of three, four of even five states overlap, creating a truly Gordian knot. The significance of the South China Sea causes that if the dispute over the archipelagos is not settled by implementing peaceful methods and means, at the negotiation table, East Asia region is likely to become a potential source of destabilisation and conflict whose size, in respect to the location and the number of parties directly or indirectly engaged in the dispute might turn out to be extremely hazardous.
Źródło:
Reality of Politics; 2014, 5; 11-19
2082-3959
Pojawia się w:
Reality of Politics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Rola współpracy w zakresie ochrony i zachowania środowiska morskiego oraz jej realizacja w regionie Morza Bałtyckiego
Autorzy:
Letniowska, Karolina
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1954825.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
sustainable development
marine environmental protection
cooperation
UNCLOS
South China Sea
Baltic Sea region
Nauki Humanistyczne i Społeczne
Opis:
The environment in general and the marine environment in particular forms an ecosystem. Such ecosystem is characterized by high interconnectivity and interdependence of species inhabiting it. Often enough, marine ecosystems far exceed the limits of the State’s sovereignty. Thus, their effective protection and preservation shall be carried out on a cooperative basis, engaging all States sharing common environment. The first international treaty to tackle the issue of marine environmental protection on a systemic basis is the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS). It is also a treaty which directly established an obligation to cooperate in ensuring this protection. However, homogenous international regulation is not capable of addressing regional varying circumstances of marine environment. As the example of the South China Sea shows, lack of cooperation between coastal States can result in an irreversible damage to the environment. On the other hand, a remarkable model of effective realization of the obligation to cooperate has been established in the region of the Baltic Sea. What we can learn from these experiences is that fulfillment of the obligation to cooperate on a regional basis is a prerequisite for effective protection and preservation of the marine environment.
Każde środowisko, w tym w szczególności środowisko morskie, stanowi ekosystem nacechowany znacznymi wzajemnymi zależnościami gatunków go zamieszkujących. W większości przypadków, morskie ekosystemy wykraczają poza granice suwerenności Państw. Ich ochrona oraz zachowanie powinny więc być przedsięwzięte na zasadzie współpracy wszystkich Państw dzielących wspólne im środowisko. Pierwszą międzynarodową konwencją regulującą kwestię ochrony środowiska morskiego w sposób systemowy jest Konwencja NZ o prawie morza (UNCLOS). Jest to również konwencja, która w sposób bezpośredni nakłada na państwa obowiązek współpracy w tym zakresie. Jednakże, jednolita regulacja szczebla międzynarodowego nie jest w stanie uwzględnić różnic pomiędzy środowiskami morskimi różnych regionów świata. Jak pokazuje przykład Morza Południowochińskiego, brak współpracy Państw przybrzeżnych może prowadzić do nieodwracalnych w skutkach szkód w środowisku morskim. Z drugiej strony, przykładem modelowej realizacji obowiązku współpracy są działania podejmowane w regionie Morza Bałtyckiego. Opisane doświadczenia prowadzą do wniosku, iż realizacja obowiązku współpracy na poziomie regionalnym jest warunkiem sine qua non skutecznej ochrony i zachowania środowiska morskiego.
Źródło:
Prawo Morskie; 2020, XXXVIII; 65-82
0860-7338
Pojawia się w:
Prawo Morskie
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Scarborough Shoal Standoff and the Policy of the People’s Republic of China Towards Territorial Disputes in the South China Sea
Konflikt o Płyciznę Scarborough a polityka Chińskiej Republiki Ludowej wobec sporów terytorialnych na Morzu Południowochińskim
Autorzy:
Luzak, Paweł
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/30147188.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
South China Sea
People’s Republic of China’s foreign policy
Scarborough Shoal
Morze Południowochińskie
polityka zagraniczna Chińskiej Republiki Ludowej
Płycizna Scarborough
Opis:
The aim of this article is to distinguish the key assumptions and instruments of the People’s Republic of China’s foreign policy towards territorial disputes in which this country is involved (with particular focus on the conflicts over islands and features in the South China Sea) through in-depth analysis of PRC’s policy in the conflict over Scarborough Shoal. According to the working hypothesis the events that took place in 2012 and ultimately led to the PRC’s de facto control over the shoal could be viewed as a model for the country’s future actions in the regional conflicts. The article has been divided into three parts. The first one presents the subject matter of the dispute and its historical determinants. The latter characterizes the interests of individual countries involved in the conflict, their position, and the legal background to the dispute. Finally, the third section analyzes the events of 2012 and their implications, along with an attempt to isolate the elements that may constitute the model of the PRC’s future policy with regard to territorial disputes in which it is involved (“Scarborough model”). The following research questions were asked for the purpose of structuring the analysis: 1) What is the factual and legal background to the Scarborough Shoal standoff? 2) How and by means of what instruments did China establish effective control of the atoll? 3) What is the role of the dispute in the context of the PRC’s remaining territorial claims over the South China Sea? The article primarily uses the method of gathering and observing facts, as well as the decision-making method in the context of analyzing the positions of the states involved in the dispute. Also, the process method was used to present the genesis of the studied political processes.
Celem niniejszego artykułu jest wyodrębnienie najważniejszych założeń i instrumentarium polityki zagranicznej Chińskiej Republiki Ludowej wobec sporów terytorialnych, w które jest ona zaangażowana (przede wszystkim konfliktów o przynależność wysp i obiektów na Morzu Południowochińskim) przez pogłębioną analizę działań tego państwa w kontekście sporu o Płyciznę Scarborough. Według przyjętej roboczej hipotezy badawczej wydarzenia z 2012 r., które doprowadziły do ustanowienia przez ChRL faktycznej kontroli na płycizną mogą stanowić model przyszłych zachowań Chińskiej Republiki Ludowej wobec konfliktów regionalnych. Artykuł został podzielony na trzy części. W pierwszej przedstawiono przedmiot sporu i jego historyczne uwarunkowania. W drugiej części scharakteryzowano interesy poszczególnych państw zaangażowanych w konflikt, ich stanowisko, a także prawne tło sporu. W trzeciej części poddano wreszcie analizie wydarzenia, które miały miejsce w 2012 r., a także ich następstwa wraz z próbą wyodrębnienia elementów, które mogą składać się na model przyszłej polityki ChRL w odniesieniu do sporów terytorialnych, w które jest ona zaangażowana (“model Scarborough”). Celem ustrukturyzowania analizy postawiono następujące pytania badawcze: 1) Jak wygląda stan faktyczny i tło prawne sporu o Płyciznę Scarborough? 2) W jaki sposób i przy wykorzystaniu jakiego instrumentarium Chiny ustanowiły faktyczną kontrolę nad atolem? 3) Jaką rolę spór odgrywa w kontekście pozostałych roszczeń terytorialnych ChRL w odniesieniu do Morza Południowochińskiego? W artykule wykorzystano przede wszystkim metodę gromadzenia i obserwacji faktów, a także metodę decyzyjną – w kontekście analizy stanowiska państw zaangażowanych w spór. Wykorzystana została także metoda procesualna w zakresie przedstawienia genezy analizowanych procesów politycznych.
Źródło:
Przegląd Strategiczny; 2022, 15; 245-263
2084-6991
Pojawia się w:
Przegląd Strategiczny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Spór o archipelagi na Morzu Południowochińskim a bezpieczeństwo Azji Wschodniej
the South China Sea Archipelagos Dispute and East Asian Security
Autorzy:
Modzelewski, Artur
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/566682.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warmińsko-Mazurski w Olsztynie. Instytut Nauk Politycznych
Tematy:
China
South China Sea
East Asian security
Opis:
The South China Sea archipelagos dispute, which concerns the four archipelagos - the Pratas Islands, the Macclesfield Bank, the Paracel Islands and the Spratly Islands, influences East Asian security. There aren’t natural resources on islands, rocks, atolls, reefs, cays and shoals which constitute these archipelagos and in principle they cannot be inhabited. However, the four archipelagos are the subject of dispute and all parties use different arguments to substantiate their claims to these territories and make efforts to establish sovereignty over them. They take action which poses a threat to security of sea lanes of communication, freedom to flow and other parties« energy security, food security, ecology security and military security. Undetermined status of the disputed territories and - what is the most important - their economic and strategic importance creates a great number of threats to East Asian security. The Spratly Islands dispute is the most burning question, but efforts which have been made by the members of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations in the Post-Cold War Era had some positive effects. The People’s Republic of China s attitude will be the key to solve the archipelagos problem in the future. Presently Beijing s attitude to- ward the Spratly Islands is not so implacable like it was in the middle of the 90. However, the People’s Republic of China didn’t resign to establish sovereignty over the whole archipelago.
Źródło:
Forum Politologiczne; 2008, 8 - Współczesny Daleki Wschód w stosunkach międzynarodowych - rywalizacja i mocarstwowość; 221-262
1734-1698
Pojawia się w:
Forum Politologiczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Power Analysis and Geopolitical Codes of South China Sea States in the Context of Contemporary Geopolitics
Autorzy:
Musioł, Marek
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1977498.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019-09-30
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Tematy:
geopolitics
critical and contemporary geopolitics
South China Sea
power
power measurement
geopolitical codes
Opis:
The analysis in this article provides an overview of the research on the current relations among countries of the South China Sea basin. For this purpose, I have decided to apply the geopolitical research workshop, focusing on its contemporary approach. On the one hand, this work uses the available indicators and index to gauge the level of development, economic and demographic potential, and military expenditure of these states. On the other hand, an effort was made to analyze and measure power, taking into account the changing geopolitical status of countries in this sub-region. Contemporary geopolitics in this context allows to verify the scale of the impact on permanent environmental and geographic factors (e.g. publicized investments carried out by the People’s Republic of China in Mischief Reef, Fiery Cross, Subi Reef and Woody Island) and the elaboration of proposals going beyond the classical, geopolitical framework (morphological, political and military factors). Therefore, this article also includes the use of geopolitical codes to assess the current strategies of these countries and to describe potential scenarios of actors’ behaviour in the sub-region.
Źródło:
Polish Political Science Yearbook; 2019, 3 (48); 407-430
0208-7375
Pojawia się w:
Polish Political Science Yearbook
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Studies on Three Diverse Frontonia Species (Ciliophora, Peniculida), with Brief Notes on 14 Marine or Brackish Congeners
Autorzy:
Pan, Xuming
Liu, Weiwei
Yi, Zhenzhen
Fan, Xinpeng
Al-Rasheid, Khaled A. S.
Lin, Xiaofeng
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/763519.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Jagielloński. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego
Tematy:
Frontonia guangdongensis, Frontonia ocularis, Frontonia schaefferi, new species, South China Sea
Opis:
Living observation and silver impregnation methods were used to investigate the morphology and infraciliature of three Frontonia ciliates (F. guangdongensis spec. nov., F. ocularis Bullington, 1939 and F. schaefferi Bullington, 1939) that were isolated from coastal waters of the South China Sea. Frontonia guangdongensis spec. nov. may be recognized by the combination of the following characteristics: cells about 160 × 35 μm in vivo; elongated body with right margin depressed in anterior third; length to width ratio 4:1 to 5:1; three or four vestibular and four or five postoral kineties; peniculi 1 and 2 each with four rows of kineties, peniculus 3 with two rows; one contractile vacuole in mid-body region right of cell median; brackish water habitat. A key based on morphological data for fourteen marine or brackish water Frontonia species found in China is also provided. In addition, the small subunit (SSU) rDNA gene was sequenced for F. ocularis Bullington, 1939. Our phylogenetic analyses support the contention that the genus Frontonia is not monophyletic.
Źródło:
Acta Protozoologica; 2013, 52, 1
1689-0027
Pojawia się w:
Acta Protozoologica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Analysis and Modelling on Radiated Noise of a Typical Fishing Boat Measured in Shallow Water Inspired by AQUO Project’s Model
Autorzy:
Peng, Z.
Fan, J.
Wang, B.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/177092.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
radiated noise
South China Sea
predicted model
shallow water
transmission loss
Opis:
The shipping noise near channels and ports is an important contribution to the ambient noise level, and the depth of these sites is often less than 100 m. However less attention has been paid to the measurement in shallow water environments (Brooker, Humphrey, 2016). This paper presents extensive measurements made on the URN (underwater radiated noise) of a small fishing boat in the South China Sea with 87 m depth. The URN data showed that the noise below 30 Hz was dominated by the background noise. The transmission loss (TL) was modelled with FEM (finite element method) and ray tracing according to the realistic environmental parameters in situ. The discrepancy between the modelled results and the results using simple law demonstrates both sea surface and bottom have significant effect on TL for the shallow water, especially at low frequencies. Inspired by the modelling methodology in AQUO (Achieve QUieter Oceans) project (Audoly et al., 2015), a predicted model applied to a typical fishing boat was built, which showed that the URN at frequencies below and above 100 Hz was dominated by non-cavitation propeller noise and mechanical noise, respectively. The agreement between predicted results and measured results also demonstrates that this modelling methodology is effective to some extent.
Źródło:
Archives of Acoustics; 2018, 43, 2; 263-273
0137-5075
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Acoustics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
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