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Tytuł:
Policy of the Russian Federation towards Kurds in the Syrian Conflict
Autorzy:
Bielicki, Paweł
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2055893.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018-12-21
Wydawca:
Collegium Civitas
Tematy:
Russian Federation
Kurds
Turkey
Afrin
Opis:
The main purpose of the article is to present the conditions and dependencies that characterize Russian-Kurdish relations from the beginning of the Syrian conflict. The author emphasizes the role of Kurds in the Arab world and in the global strategy of Russia. At the beginning, he follows the history of the relationship between Russia and Kurds from he Persian crisis in 1946 to 1991 and the moderate reaction of the Kremlin to the failed Kurdish uprising in Iraq in that year. He addresses the issue of Russia's return to the Middle East and its limited support for the Kurdish side in the fight against ISIS in Syria. He describes Moscow's position on the referendum in Iraqi Kurdistan, which also affects the events in Syria and contributes to the additional heating of tension. He also analyzes issues related to the latest offensive of Turkish forces in the Afrin region in Syria against Kurds. In the summary, the author signals forecasts for the future in mutual contacts and attempts to answer the question whether Moscow will want to strengthen Kurdish position in negotiations regarding the end of the Syrian conflict.
Źródło:
Securitologia; 2018, 1 (27); 33-50
1898-4509
Pojawia się w:
Securitologia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Ewolucja i perspektywy procesu integracji pomiędzy Białorusią i Rosją
Evolution and the Perspectives of the Integration Process between Belarus and Russia
Autorzy:
Tworek, Paweł
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/3200740.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Wyższa Szkoła Ekonomiczno-Humanistyczna w Bielsku-Białej
Tematy:
Russian Federation
Belarus
Union State
Opis:
The article examines the specificity of the integration process between Belarus and Russia from 1991 to 2021. Due to historical and socio-cultural determinants Russia considers the Republic of Belarus as a part of its natural sphere of influence. Created in 1999, a “union state” become the main instrument of economic integration with efforts in the defense and intelligence. This arrangement was not fully implemented, but the Kremlin is committed to reestablish regional hegemony and increase Belarus dependance and commitment to Russia’s strategic goals.
Źródło:
Polonia Journal; 2021, 14; 81-97
2083-3121
Pojawia się w:
Polonia Journal
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
ORGANIZACJE MIĘDZYNARODOWE ROSYJSKIEJ DIASPORY
INTERNATIONAL ORGANISATIONS OF THE RUSSIAN DIASPORA
Autorzy:
Kuczyńka - Zonik, Aleksandra
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/512768.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Rzeszowski. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego
Tematy:
Russian diaspora
international organizations
the Russian Federation
Opis:
When the Soviet Union collapsed Russian society abroad started to search for a new identity that can be recognized as idea of Русский Мир. The consolidation has started and initiated a process of the institutionalization of the Russian diaspora. The period of Vladimir Putin's presidency is clearly indicated here, when the interest in authority of the Russian diaspora coincided with an increase of Russian social activism on a global scale. In contrast to Boris Yeltsin, who inefficiently tried to integrate the Russian diaspora, his successor Vladimir Putin actively supports Russian diaspora organizations to promote Russian cultures and values. It is why the subject of the article is international organizations of the Russian diaspora founded after 2000. Doubtless institutions of the Russian diaspora are up and running, with the majority of them being national, while a few of them are international. The method of comparison allowed for the researching of the process of their foundation, membership, activity, relationship to (dependence on) the Russian Federation, as well as the international role in protecting the rights of Russian minorities. Data bases on the organizations’ statutes and statements provided the source material for the analysis.
Źródło:
Polityka i Społeczeństwo; 2016, 14, 2; 50-68 (19)
1732-9639
Pojawia się w:
Polityka i Społeczeństwo
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Legitimacy of Power of the President of the Russian Federation
Autorzy:
Gardocki, Sylwester
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2028533.pdf
Data publikacji:
2007-12-31
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Tematy:
Russian society
political culture
the Russian Federation
Opis:
Russian President is both a political institution of key importance and a distinctive individual of a specific manner of behaviour in his authoritarian rules. In this article I would like to present the role of the President in society with reference to historical heritage and the modern political culture of Russian society. Taking into consideration the fact that public opinion and the media, in conditions of democracy or democratization, constitute basic social mechanism that forms bases and formulas of legitimacy, I have decided that it is merge to join the issues into one. It is the President that I aim my examination at, not the Russian media themselves, the history of their development after 1991, or their ownership structure that governs them. The media will be of interest as long as they are necessary to understand how the President legitimizes his powers, to what extent he is successful, and what scope of success or failure depends on in the legitimacy efforts.
Źródło:
Polish Political Science Yearbook; 2007, 36; 26-59
0208-7375
Pojawia się w:
Polish Political Science Yearbook
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Russian anti-access potential (A2 / AD) on the Crimean Peninsula
Autorzy:
Reśkiewicz, Patryk
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1810590.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Akademia Marynarki Wojennej. Wydział Dowodzenia i Operacji Morskich
Tematy:
Russian Federation
A2/AD
NATO
Opis:
The purpose of the following article is to present the military capabilities of the Russian Federation located on the Crimean peninsula, and to define in this context Russian A2/AD anti-access capabilities and their impact on the security architecture of the Black Sea region, in particular NATO's south-eastern flank.
Źródło:
Rocznik Bezpieczeństwa Morskiego; 2020, R. XIV; 269--286
1898-3189
Pojawia się w:
Rocznik Bezpieczeństwa Morskiego
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Transport policy priorities on the example of the seaports of Russian Federation
Autorzy:
Zieliński, Mariusz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/642991.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Fundacja Copernicus na rzecz Rozwoju Badań Naukowych
Tematy:
maritime transport
Russian Federation
strategic guidelines
Opis:
The following paper presents the Russian Federation’s policy on sea transport based on The Transport Strategy of The RF. On the one hand the Russian strategic programs are analyzed. On the other hand, the conduct of the strategic plans (guided by governmental assemblies) is taken into consideration.
Źródło:
The Copernicus Journal of Political Studies; 2019, 1
2299-4335
Pojawia się w:
The Copernicus Journal of Political Studies
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Факторы профессионального саморазвития личности в процессе вузовского образования
Autorzy:
Щуров, E.A.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2148197.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Instytut Studiów Międzynarodowych i Edukacji Humanum
Tematy:
education
education system
Russian Federation
society
Opis:
Modernization of the education system in higher education institutions of the ministry of internal affairs is connected with the problems of personal improvement and self-development of the police officer: russian citizens expect law enforcement agencies to effectively combat crime. The work of the employees of the internal affairs agencies should respond to a new situation: they must more actively use all the most modern tools, maintain a high level of discipline, take care of their professional training. given the current situation, the goals and tasks facing the ministry of internal affairs at the current stage, the modernization of the system of professional training of specialists of the ministry of internal affairs of russia is linked with the orientation toward new paradigms of education (practice-oriented, personality-oriented, etc.). Today, new requirements are imposed on the nature and content of pedagogical activity in the context of the competence orientation of the pedagogical space of a departmental university. in this regard, it should be noted that one of the most important tasks facing the educational institutions of the system of the ministry of internal affairs of russia is the formation of a modern concept of cadets and technologies, designed to provide an effective solution of tasks in the field of professional self-development of cadets in the process of practicalrussian federation.
Źródło:
Prosopon. Europejskie Studia Społeczno-Humanistyczne; 2018, 3(24); 143-147
1730-0266
Pojawia się w:
Prosopon. Europejskie Studia Społeczno-Humanistyczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Zarządzanie regionem, regionalizm i region w Federacji Rosyjskiej
Autorzy:
Bazhenova, Elena
Sroślak, Grzegorz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/639371.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Jagielloński. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego
Tematy:
regional management, regionalism, region, Russian Federation
Opis:
Regional management, regionalism and region in Russian Federation Regional sciences in Russia have a long and rich history. From a historical point of view, it’s beginnings can be found in the early XX century – during the time of organising the Soviet system and economy within the framework of ZSRR, when the science of regional management had led to creating many practical social solutions, and some, though they are now attributed to other sciences, economical. Importance of regional sciences had risen a lot in the past 20 due to changes in national economy as a whole caused by the process of switching to free market which creates the need for working out new laws, that could regulate reshaping the economy on a regional level, including at the same time the needs of whole country and its economy. It is possible to notice regularities connected with regulative and real practices within the regional management science, that can be summmed up by saying that officially declared political and economical goals are not always in relations to actual social and economical practices. As a consequence, a problem of defining the real state of matters within this domain. As a consequence, it was necessary to assess the true conditions existing within this field through analysing particular topics connected to that domain of science. As a result of conducting an analise a belief was made, that the main subject of concepts of regional management, as well as actual political decisions regarding this issue was the need to adapt regions and their economies and population to the current and future production needs, most commonly on the national level.
Źródło:
Zarządzanie Publiczne; 2013, 1(21)
2084-3968
Pojawia się w:
Zarządzanie Publiczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Ближневосточный геостратегический вектор Российской Федерации
Middle East geostrategic vector of the Russian Federation
Autorzy:
Кондратенко, Олег
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/521489.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Wrocławski. Wydział Nauk Społecznych. Instytut Studiów Międzynarodowych
Tematy:
Russian Federation
Middle east
geostragegy
ISIS
Opis:
The Russian Federation is actively seeking to reestablish its influence in the Middle East, which at one time was an important area of geostrategic interests of the USSR. In the 1990s, Russia was trying to consolidate itself in the Middle East by demonstrating its participation in the settlement of the Arab-Israeli conflict and in helping to curtail the Iranian nuclear program. Recently, the Russian Federation has strengthened its presence in the Middle East by supporting B. Assad’s authoritarian regime, besides, the provocation of instability in Syria, in the face of the fight against ISIS, has led to an increase in the flow of refugees to the European Union, which thereby undermines its stability and unity. Russia is also interested in spreading control over the extraction and transit of energy resources to Europe, and because of the support of the destruction in the region of the Middle East, Moscow is taking steps to eliminate energy rivals in the European market for hydrocarbons, as the oil and gas transit of the Persian Gulf is carried out precisely by the territory of Syria. In general, the overwhelming task of strengthening Russia’s influence in the Middle East is to patronize the creation of an anti-Western coalition from among such states as Syria, Iran, Iraq, Turkey, Egypt and Libya. An indication of this is the build-up of Russia’s supply of Iran and Egypt with the latest weaponry in order to increase their geopolitical weight and change the balance of power in the region as a whole. With all of the Russian-Turkish relations are unstable, primarily because of differences in the support of the Syrian regime, B. Asad.
Źródło:
Wschodnioznawstwo; 2017, 11; 479-499
2082-7695
Pojawia się w:
Wschodnioznawstwo
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
To Justify against All Odds: The Annexation of Crimea in 2014 and the Russian Legal Scholarship
Autorzy:
Zadorozhnii, Oleksandr
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/706678.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016-07-26
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Nauk Prawnych PAN
Tematy:
aggression
annexation
Crimea
Russian Federation
Ukraine
Opis:
This article is dedicated to the publications of the Russian legal scholars on the annexation of Crimea in 2014 or, according to the Russian version of the events “Crimea’s reunification with Russia.” Based on the factual circumstances of the case and the norms of Ukrainian constitutional law and international law, as well as modern approaches in international legal doctrine, the article analyses the key arguments of the Russian authorities and its legal scholarship, namely the following: 1) Russia’s use of force against Ukraine was necessary to defend Russian nationals and compatriots; 2) Russia’s use of force against Ukraine was a lawful response to the request for assistance by the legitimate leaders of Ukraine (V. Yanukovych) and Crimea (S. Aksyonov); 3) the events in Crimea were a secession, with the subsequent accession of the Republic of Crimea to the Russian Federation as an independent state; 4) Ukraine disregarded the principle of the equality and self-determination of peoples vis-à-vis the residents of Crimea, therefore, Crimeans had the right to secede; 5) Crimea is historically Russian; 6) Ukraine had been exercising peaceful annexation of the peninsula since 1991, and Russia did not object to this (subject to certain conditions, which Ukraine violated in 2014); 7) the transfer of Crimea to Ukraine in 1954 was illegal. This article evaluates whether these claims hold any weight under international law. In addition the general trends in contemporary Russian approaches to international law are outlined and their effects on its foreign policy are examined.
Źródło:
Polish Yearbook of International Law; 2015, 35; 139-170
0554-498X
Pojawia się w:
Polish Yearbook of International Law
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Syria: The Russian Federation’s Return to The Middle East
Autorzy:
Minkina, Mirosław
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1199594.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Fundacja Copernicus na rzecz Rozwoju Badań Naukowych
Tematy:
Syria
Russian Federation
rebuilding influence
military involvement
Opis:
Over the years, the Middle East has played a diverse role in Soviet and later Russian foreign policy. During the period of rivalry between the USSR and the US, it was an important area of confrontation. After its end, the Russian Federation became immersed in crisis and lost interest in the region. The Middle East again appeared in the Kremlin’s geostrategic thinking after the Arab Spring which the Russian authorities perceived as fuelled and directed by the West, especially the US. The consequences of these social upheavals in the form of the overthrow of the Libyan leader or the explicit aspirations of the West to remove Bashar al-Assad from power, led Vladimir Putin to take action. This article is an attempt to interpret Russian actions in Syria, including its military involvement, through the prism of the Kremlin’s neo-superpower policy.
Źródło:
The Copernicus Journal of Political Studies; 2020, 1; 83-100
2299-4335
Pojawia się w:
The Copernicus Journal of Political Studies
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Legal aspects of hybrid warfare in Ukraine
Autorzy:
Parulski, K.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/119432.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Akademia Sztuki Wojennej
Tematy:
Ukraine
Russian Federation
international law
humanitarian law
Opis:
The article looks at the conflict taking place in Ukraine since 2014 and characterizes its nature as hybrid warfare. The author examines documents of international and humanitarian law, as well as the reactions to described events from international perspective. Questions are raised concerning the adequacy of current legal solutions in the face of evolution of war itself.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Naukowe AON; 2016, 4(105); 5-27
0867-2245
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Naukowe AON
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The scope of changes in the economic sectoral policies of the Russian Federation and their impact on the Russian Baltic activity, the case of transport policy
Autorzy:
Zieliński, Mariusz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1810647.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020
Wydawca:
Akademia Marynarki Wojennej. Wydział Dowodzenia i Operacji Morskich
Tematy:
maritime transport
strategy
Russian Federation
Baltic Sea
Opis:
The following paper covers the policy of the Russian Federation (RF) on maritime transport in the broader context of the strategic regulations on transport. On the one hand, the strategic regulations of the Russian Federation on the development of transport was brought closer. While on the other hand, the focus was on the maritime transport issues of the RF in the Baltic Basin and the implementation of the transport strategy between 2008-2019 in the context of the Russian maritime policy activities, with a particular focus on the Baltic Sea.
Źródło:
Rocznik Bezpieczeństwa Morskiego; 2020, R. XIV; 5--30
1898-3189
Pojawia się w:
Rocznik Bezpieczeństwa Morskiego
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Security dilemmas of the Baltic region
Autorzy:
Antczak, Anna
Śliwa, Zdzisław
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/944332.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
Baltic region
security
Russian Federation
NATO
deterrence
Opis:
The aim of the paper is to provide an analysis of security in the Baltic region, regarding the decision taken by NATO toward strengthening the security of the Baltic region when facing the threat from the East. It looks deeper into geostrategy as one of the keys to understand the vagaries of security dilemmas in the Baltic area. The article presents a situation analysis from both the Baltic states’ and NATO’s perspectives, having as a background recent actions undertaken by Russia.
Źródło:
Środkowoeuropejskie Studia Polityczne; 2018, 3; 119-134
1731-7517
Pojawia się w:
Środkowoeuropejskie Studia Polityczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Z Kaliningradu na Кёнигсберг – zapotrzebowanie społeczne czy marzenie nielicznych? Społeczna inicjatywa zmiany nazwy miasta
Autorzy:
Zieliński, Miłosz J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/678268.pdf
Data publikacji:
2013
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Slawistyki PAN
Tematy:
Kaliningrad
Königsberg
Russian Federation
identity
regionalism
Kalinin
Opis:
Kaliningrad into Кёнигсберг – a social need or a dream of a few? Societal initiative for a change of the city’s nameKaliningrad Oblast of the Russian Federation has been subject to manifold social processes due to its specific history, geographic conditions and other factors. Some of the former resulted in rejecting numerous elements of the Soviet past by a part of the local population. This included the very name of Kaliningrad, as a tribute paid to Mikhail Ivanovich Kalinin who has been considered one of the state and party officials responsible for mass purges in the 1930s and 1940s.the purpose of the article is to analyse the initiative put forward by a group of social activists to change the name ‘Kaliningrad’ into ‘Кёнигсберг’ (Königsberg), that is to return to the pre-war name of the city. As authors of the petition refer to previous attempts of changing the name and use them as an important part of their reasoning, the history of the notion has also been outlined with emphasis on the December 1988 discussion noted by Alexander Nikolaevich Yakovlev, then a Communist Party official.In the article, a brief introduction of the petition is followed by main arguments used by its supporters and the discussion which the document triggered among the local administration and in the media, in particular the Internet. The discussion concentrated on two aspects of the petition. First, controversies around procedural handling of the petition by Kaliningrad Duma. Secondly, fierce debates about phrases used in the document and their political significance in the context of the contemporary identity of Kaliningrad Oblast.Results of the debate and the impact the petition had on broader public opinion, both in Kaliningrad Oblast and the whole of Russia, turned out to be meagre. Only 400 signatures were collected across the country to support the idea. No decisive measures were taken on the administrative level such as moving the initiative toward a referendum. No agreement was reached between those who wish to turn the whole notion down and those who would like to postpone the final decision to a more distant future.In conclusion, it is worth noting that despite the obvious failure of the petition the discussion showed considerable social activity in Kaliningrad Oblast, especially on the part of the younger generation. This was reflected by a number of threads and posts in electronic media, many of which served as a basis for a constructive debate with relatively few irrelevant (insulting, aggressive and vulgar) arguments. On the other hand, the article shows that there is still considerable nostalgia for the Soviet Union and its artifacts in Kaliningrad Oblast.
Źródło:
Sprawy Narodowościowe; 2013, 43
2392-2427
Pojawia się w:
Sprawy Narodowościowe
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The evolution of the concept of information warfare in the modern information society of the post-truth era
Autorzy:
Bryczek-Wróbel, Patrycja
Moszczyński, Maciej
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2166617.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Wojskowa Akademia Techniczna im. Jarosława Dąbrowskiego
Tematy:
information warfare
information society
disinformation
Russian Federation
Opis:
Objectives: Compare selected concepts of information warfare and show the evolution of the Western concept of WI,resulting from the development of the information society, social-media and the resources by which information warfare is conducted. Methods: The research method used is a systematic review of Western political science literature, as well as military literature, publications on international relations, international politics, security and cyber security from the perspective of information warfare. Techniques such as analysis of background material, causal analysis and scientific and self-observation in this area were used, taking into account the dynamics of technological and geopolitical changes occurring in the modern information society. Results: The analysis made it possible to show the evolution of the Western concept of information warfare and outline the main differences from the concept of information warfare adopted by the Russian Federation. The study also points out the threats to the information society posed by the realities of modern information warfare. Conclusions: The Western conception of WI differs from that of the Russian Federation, placing the emphasis on WI as technological warfare, while the Russian Federation and the People's Republic of China (PRC) place the emphasis on psychological warfare first. This discrepancy could pose a significant threat to the information environment of Western democracies, since the weakest link in the security of not only an information system, but also an information system, is the human being. This is well known not only to hackers, cyber criminals, but also to hostile state or non-state forces that conduct WI against Western countries.
Źródło:
Przegląd Nauk o Obronności; 2022, 7, 13; 48--62
2450-6869
Pojawia się w:
Przegląd Nauk o Obronności
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A possible way out of the conflict between Ukraine and the Russian Federation
Autorzy:
Pushkar, Viktor
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/chapters/11024781.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023-06-28
Wydawca:
Collegium Civitas
Tematy:
Ukraine
Russian Federation
war
sovereignty
conflict transformation
Opis:
This paper deals with the conflict between Ukraine and the Russian Federation, focusing on both cold and hot phases since 1991, including the conflict drivers beyond military operations. We use a multidisciplinary approach based on conflict transformation theory. We include local research data from Ukraine received in 2013-2022, applying both qualitative and quantitative methods. Official narratives from both sides and Russian quantitative sociology data are also considered. The possible paths of further conflict transformation are discussed.
Źródło:
The Virus of Radicalization; 85-103
9788366386334
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Russian Active Measures in Psychological Warfare
Autorzy:
Doroszczyk, Justyna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/594787.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Tematy:
active measures
Russian Federation
secret service
security
Opis:
The aim of the article is to analyse Russian active measures in the context of psychological warfare. Active measures are defined as the actions of political warfare conducted by Russian secret service. In case of Russian Federation they are the core of psychological operations that are tools of realising international and domestic policy priorities. Active measures include disinformation campaigns and supporting insurgency in opponent states. Regarding the context of psychological operations active measures are designed to model the mental sphere of opponent society. Active measures are aimed at weakening the unity of the European Union as well as common trust in NATO. Creating favourable atmosphere for Russian activity is the main goal of implementing active measures. Therefore active measures are considered as a great part of Russian interpretation of psychological warfare. Although active measures can support the military activity they are designed to influence the mental sphere of opponent society and are used to create opinions and interpretations that match Russian interests. Those measures are difficult to identify and therefore are threats that are not easy to counteract.
Źródło:
Polish Political Science Yearbook; 2018, 3 (47); 521-534
0208-7375
Pojawia się w:
Polish Political Science Yearbook
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Modernisation of the Russian Civil Code: Initial Steps
Autorzy:
Musin, Valeriy
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/685083.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
civil law
modernisation Russian Federation
law system
Opis:
The aim of the study is to present initial steps in modernisation of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation. The author presents the selected aspects of the challanges according to the modernisation of the law system in order to answer some substantial economic and social developments that have occured in Russia and should be reflected in civil law regulation.
Źródło:
Adam Mickiewicz University Law Review; 2014, 4; 19-26
2450-0976
Pojawia się w:
Adam Mickiewicz University Law Review
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Umowy i porozumienia jako efekt ewaluacji polityki regionalnej w Rosji
“Contracts” and “Agreements” as a R esult of Evaluation Process of Regional Policies in Russian Federation
Autorzy:
Sroślak, Grzegorz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/639645.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Jagielloński. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego
Tematy:
agreements
contracts
Russian Federation
region
regional policies
Opis:
Russian regional policy is an example of adjusting solutions to regions development needs and social-economic needs of Russian Federation as a whole. Those solutions are only results of historical and political conditions that existed in the past. As a result of evaluating this policy during the past 20 years following acts came into effect: –– changing regional budget policy, –– reforming interbudget relations (between central budget and regional budgets, and finally between regional budgets themselves), –– targeted funds (for example, for regions with protechnological tendencies), –– “contracts” and “agreements” (in matters of dividing competences between distinct subjects of state of particular levels) used in realising particular tasks of regional policies. The level of theoretical and judicial development of these solutions was different, as well as the range and effectiveness in reality. Lastly listed – “contracts” and “agreements” – should be counted as one of the least clarified and somewhat unsuccesfull in terms of regional development policies. At first, they were established as an answer to current problems of solving conflict situations between the federal government and particular regions which took place in the ninetees of the past century and they were a form of countering the threat of facing an integrity loss by Russian state. Therefore they aren’t strictly a tool of regional development policy. Secondly, not only are they unclarified in their current form, but also, due to the mentioned ambiguity, they are often used by various groups of interest in Russia in particular regions, and in such manner are contradictory to objectives of regional policy in Russian Federation.
Źródło:
Zarządzanie Publiczne; 2011, 4(16); 49-61
2084-3968
Pojawia się w:
Zarządzanie Publiczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
An energy promise of democratic peace for the arctic: Russia’s case
Autorzy:
Stekić, Nenad
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/643084.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Fundacja Copernicus na rzecz Rozwoju Badań Naukowych
Tematy:
Arctic
energy policy
Russian Federation
democratic peace
Opis:
It has been widely discussed whether the existing theoretical approaches within the international relations could efficiently explain the newly established phenomena within the international system. As a vast space of emerging importance, the Arctic presents a unique area which is an immanent strategic object of the world’s major powers such as Russia, China, Canada, and the EU. This article uses the democratic peace theory to determine whether the major intervening variables – energy policy and transit potential in the Arctic – could inhibit the theoretically predicted behaviour of such states. Theoretical implication stemming from the literature review points to an inherently more peaceful nature of Russia in this space, unlike the rest of the world. This was an incentive to fill in an epistemological gap of the democratic peace puzzle. Following the logic of the democratic peace theory, this research has demonstrated that the two intervening variables have been omitted and thus they should be incorporated in further empirical research.
Źródło:
The Copernicus Journal of Political Studies; 2018, 1
2299-4335
Pojawia się w:
The Copernicus Journal of Political Studies
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Relacje Norwegii z USA i FR w świetle nowych wyzwań na północnej flance NATO
Norway’s relationships with the United States and the Russian Federation in the light of new challenges on the northern flank of NATO
Autorzy:
Domagalski, J.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/120916.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Akademia Sztuki Wojennej
Tematy:
NATO
Norwegia
Federacja Rosyjska
Norway
Russian Federation
Opis:
Celem artykułu jest analiza polityki bezpieczeństwa Norwegii, jej priorytetów, uwarunkowań i zagrożeń w związku z szybko zmieniającą się sytuacją międzynarodową w obszarze euroatlantyckim. Autor stawia kwestię jakie są implikacje sąsiedztwa Norwegii z Rosją i jak interesy gospodarcze Norwegii w Arktyce są zdeterminowane względami jej polityki bezpieczeństwa. Ważną kwestią jest, jaką rolę Norwegia odgrywa w polityce USA na północnej flance Sojuszu. Punktem wyjścia analizy międzynarodowej pozycji Norwegii i jej roli w obszarze bezpieczeństwa jest wybór Jensa Stoltenberga na sekretarza generalnego NATO. Autor ocenia politykę arktyczną Norwegii i wskazuje, że Arktyka jest i może być miejscem współpracy, konkurencji i konfliktu interesów. W jego opinii, wpływ Norwegii na politykę międzynarodową wynika także z jej pozycji jako eksportera na rynku energetycznym i z jej przynależności do ekskluzywnego klubu państw przybrzeżnych Arktyki. Autor wysuwa wniosek, że pozycja Norwegii w NATO będzie wzrastać przede wszystkim z powodu wzrostu ekonomicznego i politycznego znaczenia Arktyki, jak też ze względu na jej pozycję jako państwa flankowego Sojuszu, posiadającego wspólną granicę lądową z Rosją.
The aim of the article is to analyse the security policy of Norway, its priorities, conditions and threats against the rapidly changing international situation in the Euro-Atlantic area. The author raises the questions of what implications there are regarding Norway’s proximity to Russia and how Norwegian economic interests in the Arctic are determined by its considerations of security policy. An important issue is the role that Norway plays in US policy on the north flank of the Alliance. The starting point for the analysis of Norway’s international position and its role in the area of security was the selection of Jens Stoltenberg as NATO Secretary General. The author assesses the Norwegian Arctic policy and indicates that the Arctic is and can be an even greater area of cooperation, competition and conflict. According to his opinion, the influence of Norway in international politics is also defined by its position as an exporter on the energy market and by Norway’s membership in the exclusive club of shoreline Arctic countries. The author concludes that Norway’s influence in NATO will continue to increase, primarily due to the increase in economic and political importance of the Arctic, mainly because of its common land border with Russia as well as its position as a NATO flank state.
Źródło:
Zeszyty Naukowe AON; 2014, 3(96); 80-106
0867-2245
Pojawia się w:
Zeszyty Naukowe AON
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The theoretical Basis for Criminological forecasting of Crime (with Russia Example)
Autorzy:
Laskowska, Katarzyna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1374885.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Wyższa Szkoła Policji w Szczytnie
Tematy:
crime
crime forecasting
crime prevention
Russian Federation
Opis:
The paper discusses the problems of criminological forecasting of crime. The analyses have been based on issues concerning theoretical foundations and assumptions of this process in Russia. Since it is a country with considerable socio-demographic, religious and cultural diversity, it must analyse, assess and monitor these territorial differences in crime and skilfully anticipate the changes taking place there. Russia is the country that already has experience in predicting the development of crime. Current Russian criminological literature has been used in the deliberations. The publication presents various definitions of criminological crime forecasting. Attention was drawn not only to the need to anticipate changes in criminal trends but also to the evolution of crime causes. The sources of information necessary to forecast this phenomenon have also been indicated. It has been emphasized that this is, in particular, knowledge about socio-economic and political transformations taking place in the country. The several stages and complexity of the forecasting process, as well as its result in the form of a crime forecast, have also been underlined. By presenting a number of forecasting objectives, its usefulness for the protection of the security of the state and its citizens have been emphasized. The basics of conducting research analyses in the form of three scientific methods (extrapolation, modelling, and application of criminological expertise) have been discussed, as well. The classifications of forecasting and the periods applied in practice have been presented. The above issues have been discussed on the basis of theoretical assumptions adopted by Russian criminologists. Attention has been focused on the most important issues for preventing and combatting crime. The considerations have confirmed the need to anticipate the development of crime.
Źródło:
Internal Security; 2018, 10(1); 95-105
2080-5268
Pojawia się w:
Internal Security
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Syria: the russian federation’s return to the middle east
Autorzy:
Minkina, Mirosław
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1920248.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021-10-22
Wydawca:
Fundacja Copernicus na rzecz Rozwoju Badań Naukowych
Tematy:
Syria
Russian Federation
rebuilding influence
military involvement
Opis:
Over the years, the Middle East has played a diverse role in Soviet and later Russian foreign policy. During the period of rivalry between the USSR and the US, it was an important area of confrontation. After its end, the Russian Federation became immersed in crisis and lost interest in the region. The Middle East again appeared in the Kremlin’s geostrategic thinking after the Arab Spring which the Russian authorities perceived as fuelled and directed by the West, especially the US. The consequences of these social upheavals in the form of the overthrow of the Libyan leader or the explicit aspirations of the West to remove Bashar al-Assad from power, led Vladimir Putin to take action. This article is an attempt to interpret Russian actions in Syria, including its military involvement, through the prism of the Kremlin’s neo-superpower policy.
Źródło:
The Copernicus Journal of Political Studies; 2021, 1; 83-100
2299-4335
Pojawia się w:
The Copernicus Journal of Political Studies
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Respecting European Standards Concerning Human Rights of LGBT People in Poland and in the Russian Federation. A Comparative Analysis
Autorzy:
Jartyś, Janusz
Orzechowski, Marcin
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2031540.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016-12-31
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Tematy:
Polska
the Russian Federation
human rights
LGBT
Opis:
The LGBT rights are one of the most crucial aspects of a social and political discourse in Poland and in the Russian Federation. Although in both countries there is a different system of power, and, what follows, human rights and their realization are perceived in a different way, in these two states the right of LGBT people become an instrument of politics. In the following article the authors present a comparative analysis of the way in which the rights of LGBT people are perceived in Poland and in the Russian Federation. They will depict the similarities and differences between these two countries which result from historical conditions, and will provide an analysis of the current perception of non-heterosexual people in Poland and in Russia.
Źródło:
Reality of Politics; 2016, 7; 56-67
2082-3959
Pojawia się w:
Reality of Politics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Maritime Safety of NATO Borders in the Baltic Sea Region
Autorzy:
Gac, Miłosz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/519728.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Mikołaja Kopernika w Toruniu. Wydawnictwo UMK
Tematy:
Russian Federation
NATO
Baltic Sea Region
Baltops
Opis:
The Baltic Sea Region (BSR) is a specific area lying between the areas of conflicting political interests of the East and West, making it an object of particular interest of the North Atlantic Treaty Organisation and the Russian Federation. The current situation is characterized by the high militarization of the region, mainly related to the use of the Russian power sector, with the anti-access capabilities in the Kaliningrad District in particular. Changes in the security environment in this area have resulted in the increased capabilities to deter and the collective defence capabilities of all NATO members, as part of strengthening the Alliance’s eastern flank.
Źródło:
Historia i Polityka; 2019, 30 (37); 77-87
1899-5160
2391-7652
Pojawia się w:
Historia i Polityka
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Polska i Rosja w narracji historycznej Partii Politycznej „Zmiana”
Poland and Russia in the historical narrative of a political party „Change”
Autorzy:
Tokarz, Grzegorz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/521483.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Wrocławski. Wydział Nauk Społecznych. Instytut Studiów Międzynarodowych
Tematy:
Party "Change"
symbolism
Russian Federation
political system
Opis:
Article refers to the ratio Party activists groups „Change” to the recent history of Polish-Russian relations. In what way it is portrayed in contemporary Poland. They show their importance for historical policy pursued for in elite of the Third Republic. It shows the importance of symbols. We analyzed the documents that have been issued by this group. The author also reached the journalistic speech, as well as representatives of the scientific Party „Change”.
Źródło:
Wschodnioznawstwo; 2016, 10; 271-278
2082-7695
Pojawia się w:
Wschodnioznawstwo
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
How the natural resource curse contributed to the autocratic developments in Russian politics since the fall of the USSR
Autorzy:
Serres, Dominic
Lehtosalo, Lotta
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/10491231.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023-06-30
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Tematy:
Russia
Russian Federation
energy
natural resources
Russian politics
Russian economy
Opis:
The natural resource sector has become a dominant part of the Russian economy and thus affected the political developments of the state greatly. Understanding of the interplay of Russian politics and economics after the fall of the Soviet Union is integral for understanding why Russia has developed steadily into a more autocratic direction during the past few decades. The phenomenon through which we will be analyzing the intertwining of political and economic spheres of Russia is the natural resource curse concept. We seek to understand what factors have contributed to Russia’s failure to avoid the natural resource curse and give examples on how the natural resource curse manifests itself especially in today’s Russia political reality. Does the abundance of natural resources contribute to the emergence of a hyper-presidential, autocratic regime in Russia?
Źródło:
Krakowskie Studia Małopolskie; 2023, 2(38); 37-50
1643-6911
Pojawia się w:
Krakowskie Studia Małopolskie
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Cluster Policy in the Russian Federation: A Case Study of Industrial Clusters
Autorzy:
Rodionova, Irina
Krejdenko, Tatiana
Mądry, Cezary
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1051433.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018-06-15
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
Russia
clusters
industrial clusters
clustering
cluster policy
regions of the Russian Federation
federal districts of the Russian Federation
Opis:
The article describes cluster policy in the Russian Federation regarding industrial clusters. In the first part, the authors explain the definitions of basic concepts related to clusters that are used in Russia, the features of cluster policy in the light of European experiences, and bring closer the Russian literature on the subject. In the second part, they distinguish and describe five stages of cluster policy in Russia. In the third part, they present basic quantitative data describing clusters in Russia, including their spatial diversification, the number of entities creating clusters, employment, etc. A particular role of the state in creating clusters and subsequent cluster policy programs is described, paying attention to their low efficiency.
Źródło:
Quaestiones Geographicae; 2018, 37, 2; 61-75
0137-477X
2081-6383
Pojawia się w:
Quaestiones Geographicae
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Russian minority and the security of the Republic of Kazakhstan
Autorzy:
Pachucki-Włosek, Krystian
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2152182.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Krakowska Akademia im. Andrzeja Frycza Modrzewskiego
Tematy:
Russian minority
danger
counteraction
Republic of Kazakhstan
Russian Federation
Opis:
This article examines the dangers posed by the presence of a large Russian minority in the territory of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The detailed analysis of the situation in the period from 1991 to 2021 has made it possible to identify not only the dangers, but also the ways in which the Kremlin takes advantage of this issue to exert major pressure on Kazakhstan’s political decision makers to promote Russia’s vital interests. The paper looks at the measures taken by the authorities in Nur-Sultan, the main purpose of which is to limit Russian influence in the republic, as well as the negative impact of the adopted mechanisms on the growth of participation of ethnic Kazakhs in the socio-political life of the state.
Źródło:
Bezpieczeństwo. Teoria i Praktyka; 2022, XLVI, 1; 67-80
1899-6264
2451-0718
Pojawia się w:
Bezpieczeństwo. Teoria i Praktyka
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Issue of Poland’s Dependence on Natural Gas Supplies from the Russian Federation in the Political Thought of Piotr Naimski: Selected Problems
Autorzy:
Paszkowski, Michał
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/28411117.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Mikołaja Kopernika w Toruniu. Wydawnictwo UMK
Tematy:
Piotr Naimski
Russian Federation
energy security
political thought
Opis:
The topic of the research was the political thought of Piotr Naimski in the field of reducing Poland’s dependence on natural gas supplies from the Russian Federation. The aim of the article was therefore to analyse Naimski’s views on the diversification of the sources and directions of natural gas supplies to Poland and to define the political concepts formulated by this politician. The article indicates Naimski’s views on increasing Poland’s energy security by realizing energy projects such as LNG terminal, Baltic Pipe gas pipeline, as well as activities aimed at counteracting the Russian Federation energy policy in Central Europe. Naimski was one of the staunchest opponents of the construction of Russian-German gas pipelines (Nord Stream and Nord Stream 2).
Źródło:
Historia i Polityka; 2022, 42 (49); 117-129
1899-5160
2391-7652
Pojawia się w:
Historia i Polityka
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
DOKTRYNA WOJENNA FEDERACJI ROSYJSKIEJ W XX I XXI WIEKU. CELE – ZADANIA – KIERUNKI DZIAŁANIA
MILITARY DOCTRINE OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION IN THE TWENTY AND THE TWENTY-FIRST CENTURY. GOALS – TASKS – COURSE OF ACTIONS
Autorzy:
Malendowski, Włodzimierz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/642280.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
Russian Federation
war doctrine
Federacja Rosyjska
doktryna wojenna
Opis:
The collapse of the USSR as a subject of international law and a significant geopolitical entity ultimately put an end to the Cold War and the bipolar system of international relations. The Russian Federation, as international successor and continuator of the Soviet Union, was downgraded to the position of a second-rate empire and faced the objective necessity of developing new principles for its security policy and war doctrine. The hitherto coalition-based Soviet war doctrine became invalid. In the concepts of foreign policy and other official documents developed from the early 1990s to 2010 the role of Russia was presented as that of a global power with global interests. The significance of the Russian military potential was emphasized, including nuclear weapons, as a significant element in the international balance of power. At the same time, Russia asserted its right to use weapons of mass destruction in case of danger to the security of the state. Further war doctrines expanded the catalogue of possible threats, including territorial claims made against Russia, local conflicts in the vicinity of its borders and the external borders of the Commonwealth of Independent States. Particular attention was given to military blocs and alliances. The content of the war doctrines confirms the grand aspirations of Russia as a state taking an active part in the construction of a new international order. In practice, however, Russia has abandoned a reactive policy in favor of concrete actions, applying means that infringe the fundamental principles and norms of international law.
Upadek ZSRR, jako podmiotu prawa międzynarodowego i ważnego bytu geopolitycznego, doprowadził do ostatecznego zakończenia zimnej wojny i demontażu dwubiegunowego systemu stosunków międzynarodowych. Federacja Rosyjska jako prawno-międzynarodowy sukcesor i kontynuator Związku Radzieckiego, zdegradowana do rangi mocarstwa drugiej kategorii, znalazła się w obliczu obiektywnej konieczności opracowania nowych zasad polityki bezpieczeństwa i doktryny wojennej. Straciła aktualność dotychczasowa, koalicyjna radziecka doktryna wojenna. W rezultacie, już w nowej sytuacji geopolitycznej i geostrategicznej, przygotowano koncepcje bezpieczeństwa narodowego oraz kolejne doktryny wojenne (1993 r., 2000 r., 2010 r., 2014 r., 2015 r.). Zarówno w koncepcjach polityki zagranicznej, jak i w innych oficjalnych dokumentach opracowanych od początku ostatniej dekady XX wieku, do 2010 r., wskazywano na rolę Rosji jako mocarstwa światowego, posiadającego globalne interesy. Podkreślano także znaczenie rosyjskiego potencjału wojskowego, w tym broni jądrowej, jako istotnego elementu międzynarodowego układu sił. Jednocześnie zawarowano sobie prawo do użycia broni masowego rażenia w razie zagrożenia bezpieczeństwa państwa. W kolejnych doktrynach wojennych poszerzano katalog zagrożeń, o roszczenia terytorialne wobec Rosji, konflikty lokalne w pobliżu jej granic i zewnętrznych granic Wspólnoty Niepodległych Państw. Szczególną uwagę zwracano na bloki i sojusze wojskowe. Ich powiększanie i przybliżanie do granic Rosji traktowano, jako nadzwyczajne niebezpieczeństwo. Czynnikiem, który mógłby je umocnić, był system tworzony przez Organizację Bezpieczeństwa i Współpracy w Europie. Początkowo zakładano, że w dającej się przewidzieć przyszłości nie ma groźby agresji na szerszą skalę. Podkreślano również, że Rosja nie traktuje a priori żadnego państwa jako przeciwnika. Dlatego też deklarując gotowość do odparcia siłą napaści zewnętrznej, nie wskazywano na potencjalnego agresora. Dopiero w doktrynie wojennej z 2010 r., jednoznacznie wskazano na najważniejsze zagrożenie zewnętrzne bezpieczeństwa Rosji. Odniesiono je do NATO podkreślając, że dąży ono do przyznania sobie globalnych funkcji, z naruszeniem prawa międzynarodowego oraz przybliżenia swojej infrastruktury wojskowej do granic Federacji Rosyjskiej. W związku z tym, w kategoriach zagrożenia potraktowano poszerzenia NATO o państwa Europy Środkowo-Wschodniej oraz amerykańskie plany budowy tarczy antyrakietowej w tym regionie. Rosja zastrzegła sobie prawo do użycia broni jądrowej w odpowiedzi na agresję z zastosowaniem broni jądrowej i innych rodzajów broni masowego rażenia oraz w przypadku agresji konwencjonalnej, gdy zagrożone będzie istnienie państwa. Z drugiej strony, eksponując nadrzędne znaczenie prawa międzynarodowego, deklarowała wolę zapewniania bezpieczeństwa całej społeczności międzynarodowej, z poszanowaniem postanowień Karty NZ. Treść doktryn wojennych stanowi potwierdzenie mocarstwowych aspiracji Rosji, jako państwa biorącego aktywny udział w budowie nowego ładu międzynarodowego. Natomiast w praktyce Rosja odchodząc od polityki reaktywnej do konkretnych działań, stosuje środki naruszające podstawowe zasady i normy prawa międzynarodowego.
Źródło:
Przegląd Strategiczny; 2017, 10; 55-94
2084-6991
Pojawia się w:
Przegląd Strategiczny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Russias return to the superpower status
Autorzy:
Minkina, Mirosław
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/576393.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019-09-18
Wydawca:
Akademia Sztuki Wojennej
Tematy:
change
Russian Federation
superpower
foreign and security policy
Opis:
The elite of Russian power and Russian society have never come to terms with the collapse of the Soviet Union. They also did not accept the world order with the primary role of the United States. The purpose of this article is to characterize the policy of the Russian Federation, which is aimed at rebuilding the superpower position of this state, and to identify the reasons that clearly define Russia’s determination in this respect. Achieving the formulated goal will be possible by answering the question: Why does Russia strive to rebuild the status of the global superpower and what actions it undertakes in its policy? This question is the main research problem, which the authors of the article have taken up. In order to solve the indicated problem, theoretical methods will be used in the form of: source and literature criticiam, analysis, synthesis and inference. Nobody negates the fact that Russia is still one of the largest countries in the world. Nonetheless, it is much smaller and weaker than the USSR. By means of assertive, not to say aggressive, and anti-western politics it demands to be recognized as a superpower eligible to decide on the international order. However, in the contemporary world, the territory decides about the superpower status to a much smaller extent. The foundations of the Russian superpower status are weak, and the popular anti-western narrative is not conducive to strengthening the Kremlin's position internationally.
Źródło:
Security and Defence Quarterly; 2019, 26, 4; 34-50
2300-8741
2544-994X
Pojawia się w:
Security and Defence Quarterly
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Non-military determinants of the Russian Federation policy
Autorzy:
Grenda, Bogdan
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/576531.pdf
Data publikacji:
2019-03-13
Wydawca:
Akademia Sztuki Wojennej
Tematy:
Russian Federation
security policy
social security
economic security
Opis:
This study analyses various non-military factors in shaping the security policy of the Russian Federation. This work undertakes to establish their substance, content and scope, and to draw the conditions and trends in the political, economic and social security of modern Russia in the context of its international ambitions, role and state security. In the work theoretical method analysis, synthesis, abstracting and generalization were used. Based on the results of the research, it was determined that the specificity of its location definitely exerts an adverse effect on Russian state security. The reconstruction of imperial Russia is among the key goals set forth by Vladimir Putin in Russia’s foreign and military policy. In fact, the entire economic, political and military activity of Russia is subordinated to this goal. With regard to the economic and social state, the dependence of the Russian Federation on the extraction and export of crude oil and natural gas is an obvious indication of the constraints of its economy. Moscow’s particular interests are formulated in official state documents, such as the Military Doctrine and the National Security Strategy. These documents identify not only external and internal threats to state security but above all indicate the means and methods of possible deterrence.
Źródło:
Security and Defence Quarterly; 2019, 23, 1; 23-47
2300-8741
2544-994X
Pojawia się w:
Security and Defence Quarterly
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Niemiecka chadecja wobec konfliktu rosyjsko-ukraińskiego
German Christian-Democrats towards the Russian-Ukrainian conflict
Autorzy:
Bielawska, Agnieszka
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/625307.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
CDU/CSU
Ukraine
Russian Federation
European Union
conflict
Opis:
This paper presents the positions of German Christian Democrat politicians towards the Russian-Ukrainian conflict and the impact they exert on the activities of the European Union and the Russian Federation. It presents a wide range of opinions and comments of Christian Democrat politicians regarding the political and economic rapprochement of Ukraine with the EU and the crisis in Ukraine between November 2014 and June 2015.
Źródło:
Rocznik Integracji Europejskiej; 2015, 9; 325-343
1899-6256
Pojawia się w:
Rocznik Integracji Europejskiej
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Ontology of the War in Ukraine : Cold War Revives
Autorzy:
Reśkiewicz, Patryk
Najdzik, Krzysztof
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2086253.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Wojskowa Akademia Techniczna im. Jarosława Dąbrowskiego
Tematy:
Belarus
Ukraine
geopolitics
New Cold War
Russian Federation
Opis:
Objectives: The identification of political-military determinants of the full-scale phase of the war in Ukraine which has been going on since 2014. The said goal shall be achieved by analyzing the boundary conditions of the Russian security policy against the countries of Central and Eastern Europe and the geostrategic conditioning of the Republic of Belarus. Methods: The following techniques have been implemented in the article: qualitative analysis and critical analysis of the source literature, synthesis - cause and effect associations. The statistical method has also been used. The empirical methods include abstract modelling for the construction of simplified models of the description of reality with reference to the object of analysis. Results: The three goals mentioned beforehand have been achieved in the article through (1) showing the main strategic and operational assumptions of the Russian Federation with regard to its national security policy, (2) the role of incorporated Belarus in the military operation being carried out, (3) the estimation of the main assumptions of the military campaign. Conclusions: T the neo-imperial policy carried out by the Russian Federation towards the neighboring countries is the main determinant of the warfare in Ukraine. Russian willingness to reestablish the regional order in Central and Eastern Europe determines the next phase of the military campaign. Over the past years, Belarus has been gradually integrated as a Union Member State. It may be assumed that Belarus will become a subjugated country of Russia - which increases the possibility of Belarus being involved in military conflicts carried by the Russian Federation.
Źródło:
Przegląd Nauk o Obronności; 2021, 6, 12; 1--19
2450-6869
Pojawia się w:
Przegląd Nauk o Obronności
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Funkcjonowanie Osetii Południowej w świetle prawa narodów do samostanowienia
The existance of South Ossetia in the context of the right of nations to self-determination
Autorzy:
Lesyk-Szkutnik, Yuliya
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/521454.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Wrocławski. Wydział Nauk Społecznych. Instytut Studiów Międzynarodowych
Tematy:
South Ossetia
self-determination
Russian Federation
Political destabilisation
Opis:
South Ossetia also known as the Tskhinvali Region, is a partially recognised state in the South Caucasus. Georgia as an independent state has got a great problem with this region. The main reason is a very important role of Russian Federation in the process of destabilization the political situation in the country. Two wars from the past (1992, 2008) showed that South Essetia didn’t have the rigth to use the argument of self-determination of the nation.
Źródło:
Wschodnioznawstwo; 2017, 11; 337-345
2082-7695
Pojawia się w:
Wschodnioznawstwo
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Cyberbezpieczeństwo w Federacji Rosyjskiej. Zarys problemu
Cybersecurity in the Russian Federation. Outline of the problem
Autorzy:
Giebień, Helena
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/521558.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Wrocławski. Wydział Nauk Społecznych. Instytut Studiów Międzynarodowych
Tematy:
cybersecurity
cyber terrorism
cyber attack
cyberwar
Russian Federation
Opis:
The article undertakes the issues of cybersecurity in Russia. It shows the scale of cybercrime, their impact on the functioning of the states and attempts to solve the problem. The main thesis of the article states that the Russia Federation seeks to enhance its cyberspace security systems both on the legislative and executive level, trying to protect state’s institutions and critical infrastructure as well as cooperating with other states and international organizations. The articles analyses primary and secondary sources such as legal acts, reports, scientific literature, and Russian press, to present the research problem and draw conclusions. The research shows that the Russian authorities are aware of the multiple challenges they have to face to ensure the eÐ cient security of the cyberspace. Among the key elements are the raise of the level of competence of Russian specialists fighting cybercrimes, creation of the efficient infrastructure and protection against cyber attacks as well as improving the international system of information exchange on threats in the network. Russia faces also the challenge to strengthen multilateral cooperation with other states, based on mutual trust, especially in the face of a negative image of Russia resulting from the activities of hackers, connected to the state, who can paralyze the critical infrastructure of the other states.
Źródło:
Wschodnioznawstwo; 2018, 12; 187-204
2082-7695
Pojawia się w:
Wschodnioznawstwo
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Moskiewska i Kijowska wizja interpretacji sporów o przeszłość ciągłości historycznych korzeni wzajemnej państwowości
Moscow and Kyiv vision of the interpretation of disputes about the past of the continuity of the historical roots of mutual statehood
Autorzy:
Wyszczelski, Lech
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2177884.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022-03-31
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Tematy:
Federacja Rosyjska
Ukraina
wojna
Russian Federation
Ukraine
war
Opis:
Russian Federation’s attack of February 24, 2022 on Ukraine was no coincidence but a strategy to regain the status of superpower. Referring to history was its significant part. Indeed, that is a shared history, at least in the origin, though differently interpreted by both states, independent from 31 years. Based on the promoted from 16th Century vision of Russia as the Byzantine Empire’ successor, Putin’s Russian Federation claims the right to build an empire that would include all lands of the Russian Empire. It does not recognise independent statehood and Ukrainian nationality. The war was started to achieve that goal.
Napaść Federacji Rosyjskiej z 24 lutego 2022 na Ukrainę nie była dziełem przypadku, lecz strategii ponownego zajęcia pozycji supermocarstwa. W niej ważną rolę odgrywało odwoływanie się do przeszłości historycznej. Ta faktycznie jest wspólna w jej początkach, tym niemniej różnie interpretowana przez suwerenne od 31 lat państwo. Wychodząc z lansowanej od XVI w. wizji Rosji jako następczyni Cesarstwa Bizantyjskiego, putinowska Federacja Rosyjska rości sobie prawo do tworzenia jednego mocarstwa, skupiającego wszystkie dawne ziemie Imperium Rosyjskiego. Nie uznaje ona odrębnej państwowości oraz narodowości ukraińskiej. Dla realizacji tego celu nastąpiła opisywana wojna.
Źródło:
Pomiędzy. Polonistyczno-Ukrainoznawcze Studia Naukowe; 2022, 4(1); 129-142
2543-9227
Pojawia się w:
Pomiędzy. Polonistyczno-Ukrainoznawcze Studia Naukowe
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Derring Russia in the Baltics to Allow US Power Projection in the Pacific
Autorzy:
Middents, Michael G.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/534404.pdf
Data publikacji:
2017
Wydawca:
Wyższa Szkoła Biznesu w Dąbrowie Górniczej
Tematy:
Russian Federation
US power projection
Baltic Region
Deterrence
Opis:
The balance of power in the world is fluctuating as the US is facing new competitors as the People’s Republic of China being as rising power. So, if tensions between the US and China or another near-peer will grow, the US would need to dedicate significant resources to the face new threat. Such a shift of power could affect the balance of power in other regions of the world and it could even trigger Russian opportunism in its former Soviet satellites. There could be a risk that NATO’s current military structure in the Baltic States leaves its Eastern flank exposed to potential risks. The paper argues that additional initiatives such as easing the flow of Allied forces across borders, the establishment of NATO anti-access/ area denial (A2AD) measures and efforts towards political cohesion need to be added and done so in a manner to gain maximum benefits from their combined effects.
Źródło:
Security Forum; 2017, 1, Volume 1 No. 2/2017; 47-58
2544-1809
Pojawia się w:
Security Forum
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
How to understand the hybrid war
Autorzy:
Banasik, Mirosław
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/526968.pdf
Data publikacji:
2015-12-01
Wydawca:
Collegium Civitas
Tematy:
Hybrid war
Hybrid threats
conflict, Ukraine
Russian Federation
Opis:
Despite the fact that the hybrid wars were conducted for centuries, the annexation of the Crimea and the involvement of the Russian Federation in the conflict in the Ukraine calls new discussions over its essence. Evaluation of the theory and practice of the activities carried out by FR indicates that we are dealing with the new generation of war. However, it is not in contradiction with the "Clausewitzian paradigm" of conducting armed struggle, which says that war is merely a continuation of politics by other means. The hybrid actions refer precisely to these measures, whereas the rules of warfare, its nature and objectives are still the same.
Źródło:
Securitologia; 2015, 1(21); 19-34
1898-4509
Pojawia się w:
Securitologia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The migration policy of Armenia
Autorzy:
Gomólka, Krystyna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/616770.pdf
Data publikacji:
2018
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu
Tematy:
emigration
Armenia
policy
occupational groups
Russian Federation
CIS
Opis:
The aim of this study is to describe the legal bases of the migration policy of Armenia and its practical implementation in 1995–2013. The author examined the international and national documents that provide the legal bases of Armenia’s migration policy, as well as the balance between departures and arrivals in the period 1995–2013, Armenian citizens’ reasons for emigrating and the occupations of emigrants. The study was based on the following research methods: content, system and quantitative analysis. The results of the analyses performed indicate that the objectives of Armenia’s migration policy were not completely fulfilled. Between 1995 and 2013, the number of emigrants declined, but Armenia’s overall migration balance was negative. The majority of those leaving the country went to Russia, followed by the other states of the CIS.
Źródło:
Przegląd Politologiczny; 2018, 3; 57-70
1426-8876
Pojawia się w:
Przegląd Politologiczny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Military Education in the Russian Federation
Autorzy:
Olszanecka, Natalia
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2007513.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016-12-31
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Tematy:
military education
Russian Federation
military power
training system
Opis:
In 2008, before the conflict with Georgia began, no one was able to predict the readiness or effectiveness of the Russian Army. A few years later during the military campaign in Syria, the Russian Armed Forces confirmed their standing as one of the best armies of the world, demonstrating a high level of technical potential and combat training. Between 2008 and 2012 Russia’s military education became one of the best and most prestigious forms of education in Russia. The main purpose of this article is to show the changes that have occurred in the Russian military education since the beginning of military reform (in 2008) to 2012. The main research problem is to answer the question: how have the changes in military education and in the training system strengthened Russia’s military potential?
Źródło:
Kultura i Edukacja; 2016, 4(114); 140-149
1230-266X
Pojawia się w:
Kultura i Edukacja
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Respecting European Standards Concerning Human Rights of LGBT People in the Russian Federation and Ukraine. A Comparative Analysis
Autorzy:
Jartyś, Janusz
Orzechowski, Marcin
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2031537.pdf
Data publikacji:
2016-12-31
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Tematy:
Russian Federation
Ukraine
bilateral relations
human rights
LGBT
Opis:
The LGBT rights are lately one of the aspects of a social and political discourse both in the Russian Federation and in Ukraine. In these countries of a common historical heritage there are some analogies in the perspective on human rights and their realization. It may be also noted that the LGBT rights have become an instrument of politics. In the following article the authors present a comparative analysis of the way in which the LGBT rights are respected in the Russian Federation and in Ukraine. They will depict the similarities and differences between these two countries which result from historical conditions, and will provide an analysis of the current perception of non-heterosexual people in both countries.
Źródło:
Reality of Politics; 2016, 7; 68-81
2082-3959
Pojawia się w:
Reality of Politics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Future War: The Russian Perspective
Wojna przyszłości: perspektywa rosyjska
Autorzy:
Olszanecka, Natalia
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2048235.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021-06-01
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Mikołaja Kopernika w Toruniu. Wydawnictwo UMK
Tematy:
Russian Federation
military technology
conflict
future wa
security
Opis:
In a multipolar world, military security issues still occupy a key place in the public debate. Military technology is one of the most developing sectors in the world. There is no doubt that the United States and the People’s Republic of China have dominated this sector in recent years. The Russian defense industry is associated with outdated equipment, technology and corruption. Nevertheless, recent conflicts show that the Russian Federation has mastered the elements of information war. “New war” theory was advanced by Mary Kaldor to characterize warfare in the post-Cold War era. According to newest research, nowadays military conflicts employ some elements of both conventional and cybernetic combat, while military operations are supported by domestic and international propaganda. The main goal of this article is to determine what type of conflict is contemporary Russia preparing for and in what ways.
W wielobiegunowym świecie kwestie bezpieczeństwa militarnego w dalszym ciągu zajmują kluczowe miejsce w debacie publicznej. Technologia wojskowa to jeden z najbardziej rozwijających się obszarów gospodarki na świecie. Nie ulega wątpliwości, że w ostatnich latach w tym sektorze dominowały Stany Zjednoczone i Chińska Republika Ludowa. Rosyjski przemysł zbrojeniowy kojarzony jest na ogół z przestarzałym sprzętem, technologią oraz wszechobecną korupcją. Niemniej ostatnie konflikty pokazują, że Federacja Rosyjska dobrze opanowała elementy wojny informacyjnej. Mary Kaldor jest autorką teorii „nowej wojny”, dzięki której charakteryzuje działania wojenne po zimnej wojnie. Według najnowszych badań współczesne konflikty zbrojne wykorzystują elementy zarówno walki konwencjonalnej, jak i cybernetycznej, a działania zbrojne są wspierane przez propagandę krajową i międzynarodową. Głównym celem artykułu jest określenie, do jakiego typu konfliktu przygotowuje się współczesna Rosja.  
Źródło:
Historia i Polityka; 2021, 36 (43); 31-43
1899-5160
2391-7652
Pojawia się w:
Historia i Polityka
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Comparative Legal Analysis of Budget Grant Funding of Science in the European Union and the Russian Federation
Autorzy:
Andreeva, Elena
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2159861.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022-03-31
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Gdański. Centrum Prawa Samorządowego i Prawa Finansów Lokalnych
Tematy:
grants
budget funding
financial law
science
legislation
Financial Regulations of European Union and Russian Federation
Budget Code of Russian Federation
Opis:
In this article, the author examines the most significant characteristics of a such method of budgetary funding for research in the European Union and Russian Federation as grant funding. Grants are actively used for these purposes in many countries. Grant funding is especially popular in the European Union. The analysis of research grants in Russia and the EU shows that the legal regulation and the grant process in mentioned public entities are very similar, but there are differences. The author focuses her attention on highlighting the advantages of grant funding of science in the EU and Russia to exchange of experience. The author uses the following scientific methods: collection of information on grant funding in the European Union and the Russian Federation, comparative analysis of legislation, observation, formulation of conclusions.
Źródło:
Financial Law Review; 2022, 25, 1; 33-50
2299-6834
Pojawia się w:
Financial Law Review
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The judgmental failures of the Western European states towards the Russian Federation by perceiving it through European values
Autorzy:
Chabska, Katarzyna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/23944842.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Wojskowa Akademia Techniczna im. Jarosława Dąbrowskiego
Tematy:
Russian Federation
Russian political strategy
European security
failures
strategic misleading
Opis:
Objectives: The purpose of this article is to show the Western European judgmental failures towards Russia by perceiving it through European values. These failures have a negative impact on European security and all of them appeared because Russia was considered the European state and the European values were put in Russia. In fact, the Russian Federation is only a geographic part of Europe, but no longer a part of European civilization. Methods: The research was conducted by analyzing the relationship between Western European countries and the Russian Federation, as well as analyzing the general condition of Russian society and Russian foreign policy. Results: This article states that Western European countries made a critical mistake by adopting European values to the Russian Federation. This hypothesis was composed by addressing the following question: What is the grand strategy of the Russian Federation? What are judgmental failures and what are their types? What judgmental failures were made by Western Europe towards Russia? Conclusions: The Russian Federation for the past years has been treated by the Western European states as a strategic business partner, however as it can be seen now, this approach was misleading and was a complete failure in terms of European security. Countries such as France and Germany had not seen Russia as an enemy of the West.
Źródło:
Przegląd Nauk o Obronności; 2022, 7, 15; 13--25
2450-6869
Pojawia się w:
Przegląd Nauk o Obronności
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Russkiy Mir (Russian World): An Exemplification of All-Russian Nationalism. The Strategy of Neo-Imperial Expansionism of the Russian Federation in Regional and Global Dimensions
Autorzy:
Orzechowski, Marcin
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/51771060.pdf
Data publikacji:
2024-09-30
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Tematy:
Russian Federation
nationalism
Russian world
neo-imperial expansionism
political strategy
Opis:
Purpose: The primary aim of this article is to provide a comprehensive and indepth analysis of the Russian world (russkiy mir) as the main doctrine of neo-imperial expansionism. Russia consistently pursues the strategy of regaining influence in the post- Soviet area and, through the internationalization of the Russian world, seeks to achieve a dominant position on the European continent. The research problem is to analyze the extensive scope of influence of Russian ideology and the profound impact of this ideology on political and social processes taking place in other countries in Europe and the world. The impact through political and economic lobbying, propaganda, and informational operations of influence is extended not only to the area of the former USSR but also aimed at political circles and citizens of other European countries. Methods: The research optics adopted by the Author imply the use of the historical method of comparative and critical analysis of source texts. Result of the study: The analysis carried out leads to the conclusion that the ideology of the Russian world is expanding its sphere of influence mainly through propaganda and disinformation influence aimed at nationalist and Eurosceptic circles, including among representatives of the political elite of European countries identifying with such views.
Źródło:
Polish Political Science Yearbook; 2024, 3(53); 21-33
0208-7375
Pojawia się w:
Polish Political Science Yearbook
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Stan rozwoju sektora usług oraz udział usług w obrocie zagranicznym w Rosji
The Condition of a Services Sector Development and a Share of Services ina Foreign Trade of Russian Federation
Autorzy:
Rozumowska-Gapeeva, Tatiana
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1835035.pdf
Data publikacji:
2020-05-12
Wydawca:
Katolicki Uniwersytet Lubelski Jana Pawła II. Towarzystwo Naukowe KUL
Tematy:
Federacja Rosyjska
międzynarodowy obrót usługami
sektor usług
gospodarka Federacji Rosyjskiej
Russian Federation
services foreign trade
services sector
economy of Russian Federation
Opis:
This paper examines a present the condition of services sector in Russia, a share and a structure of services in a foreign trade of Russian Federation.
Źródło:
Roczniki Nauk Społecznych; 2008, 36, 3; 89-115
0137-4176
Pojawia się w:
Roczniki Nauk Społecznych
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Democratization and federalization. A comparative perspective between Russia’s and Spain’s early forays into a federal system
Autorzy:
Suárez, Adrián Peñate
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/10492877.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023-06-30
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Tematy:
Russia
Russian Federation
democracy
autocracy
federal state
federation
federal system
politics
Opis:
Undoubtedly, Russia occupies a distinct position within the political landscape, differentiating it from Western democracies that themselves exhibit considerable variation. This uniqueness can be attributed, in part, to Russia’s geographic characteristics, encompassing diverse subdivisions characterized by variations in population, natural resources, territorial expanse, and distance from the central authority. However, what truly distinguishes Russia is its contemporary history and recent experiences with federalization— a framework that has defined its operations since it became the Russian Federation following the dissolution of the Soviet Union. The objective of this paper is to analyze the distinctive features of Russian federalism in its early stages, employing a comparative perspective against the Spanish case, in order to ascertain the consequences of the legal, organizational, and territorial arrangements established during Russia’s early democratization period. The focus is to evaluate the implications of these changes on the establishment of a legally-binding democracy and a well-functioning federation, ultimately questioning whether Russia genuinely qualifies for either of these classifications.
Źródło:
Krakowskie Studia Małopolskie; 2023, 2(38); 51-61
1643-6911
Pojawia się w:
Krakowskie Studia Małopolskie
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-50 z 338

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