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Tytuł:
The Relationship Between ESG Rating and Firm Value—Evidence from Companies Listed on Polish Capital Market in the WIG-ESG Index
Autorzy:
Mikołajek-Gocejna, Magdalena
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/30098405.pdf
Data publikacji:
2024-04-19
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Warszawski. Wydział Nauk Ekonomicznych
Tematy:
ESG rating
ESG
Tobin‘s Q
environment rating
social rating
governance rating
firm value
Opis:
The literature are abound with studies on the impact of environmental, social, and governance (ESG) factors on a company‘s value, or more broadly, on its financial performance. However, most analyses concern developed markets, mainly because the largest rating agencies operate in these markets, as well as because these are markets where ESG awareness and regulations have developed much faster. In developing markets, the number of studies in this area is disproportionately smaller. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to examine the relationship between the environmental, social, and governance ratings (ESGR) of Polish listed companies included in the WIG-ESG index and their value. This study covered 36 companies listed in WIG-ESG in the period of 2019–2023. We used market data, financial data from examined companies and ESG data provided by Refinitive. The empirical results were negative but a non-statistically significant influence of ESGR and a company’s value. Further analysis indicated that none of the sub-ratings (environmental rating (ER), social rating (SR) and governance rating (GR)) had significant impact on value. The Polish market does not seem to recognize the potential of ESG factors in building the long-term value of companies and believes that the costs of ESG factors outweigh the benefits. Investors seem to disregard or underestimate ESG criteria when valuing companies, which may seem irrational when looking at the long-term effects of ESG factors. This article contributes to the existing literature by being part of the research on ESG factors and company value. The article expands the field of analysing the relationship between ESGRs and corporate value by examining this relationship not only using the overall ESGR, but also its individual sub-ratings. We also attempt to answer the question of where the channels of transmission of ESGRs on the value of the company are located, and which areas affect ratings. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study of this type for the Polish market.
Źródło:
Central European Economic Journal; 2024, 11, 58; 141-158
2543-6821
Pojawia się w:
Central European Economic Journal
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The rising cost of servicing public debt: challenges for fiscal policy in a crisis environment
Autorzy:
Bitner, Michał
Nowak-Far, Artur
Sierak, Jacek
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/33753620.pdf
Data publikacji:
2024-07-02
Wydawca:
Szkoła Główna Handlowa w Warszawie. Kolegium Zarządzania i Finansów
Tematy:
sovereign bond yields
debt service cost
external shocks
monetary and fiscal factors
rating
Opis:
The study is devoted to the challenges for the fiscal policies of Central and Eastern European (CEE) countries, resulting from the strong growth of public debt and its servicing costs under the conditions of the pandemic and war shocks. The purpose of the study is to answer the questions: i) what factors caused the sharp increase in sovereign debt yields? ii) is there a correlation between the degree of implementation of sound economic governance (SEG) principles and the cost of servicing sovereign debt? ii) how strong was the response of the sovereign deficit and debt to the shocks caused by the pandemic and war in Ukraine? iii) does the rising cost of servicing debt threaten the sustainability of public finances? v) do the adopted SEG principles remain relevant during periods of shocks? The study covered the 6 largest economies in this part of Europe, i.e. Poland, Romania, the Czech Republic, Greece, Hungary, and Slovakia, but its results apply indirectly to many other countries. The results were confronted with a plan for reforming the EU’s economic governance system in order to identify the fundamental challenges facing the countries studied in this context. On the basis of the study, recommendations were put forward for shaping the assumptions of the state debt management strategy and multi-year financial plans.
Źródło:
Journal of Management and Financial Sciences; 2023, 50; 211-238
1899-8968
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Management and Financial Sciences
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A Proposal Concerning Assessment of Alternative Cityscape Designs with Audiovisual Comfort and Health of Inhabitants
Autorzy:
Ozga, Agnieszka
Wierzbicki, Jacek
Mleczko, Dominik
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/31339768.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czasopisma i Monografie PAN
Tematy:
noise maps
tranquillity rating
enclaves of silence
alternative urban spaces
sound masking
Opis:
The research concerning the future of sound in towns and cities is focused on two main issues: studies are conducted separately on the comfort, i.e., assessment of visual scenery and sound levels in a cityscape and separately, on the health protection issues. The policy of the acoustic environment control with regard to the health of its inhabitants is traditionally connected with measurements of noise levels presented with the help of the coefficients Lden and Lnight noise indicators, while the models based on tranquillity rating (TR) with the help of the coefficients LAmax, LAmin, LAeq, LA10. None of these coefficients refers to the soundscape. In this paper, we present a justification of the necessity to enter into discussion on the need to combine these research areas. The authorities managing towns and cities of the future should be provided with tools enabling them to assess modernisation projects from the point of view of both health and comfort of inhabitants. We present our ideas treating them as an invitation to a scientific discourse, in the form of analysis of actual projects concerning modification of existing cityscapes. The modifications are aimed at returning some unfavourably developed spaces to the inhabitants. When analysing the changes proposed in the projects, we take into account two models of the revitalised area quality assessment. The first model is used to assess the effect of noise on health. The second model, based on the indicator known as the TR, serves simultaneous assessment of an area from both visual and acoustical aspects. The models used contemporarily by scientists show multiple flaws, therefore, for the TR indicator we propose a modification taking the sound structure into account. The modification embodies the idea of masking unpleasant sounds with friendly ones. The changes to the model are presented, in this paper, in the context of two projects which were worked out in the framework of 12th edition of the intercollegiate workshop cycle The New Cityscapes. In the course of each workshop of the cycle, we combined art, science, and technology in order to seek solutions creating a better future. In view of the importance of this issue and the need to introduce a certain level of universalism, the authors offer an invitation to join a discussion on the future of sound in urban agglomerations.
Źródło:
Archives of Acoustics; 2023, 48, 4; 573-583
0137-5075
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Acoustics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Assessment Water Quality Indices of Surface Water for Drinking and Irrigation Applications – A Comparison Review
Autorzy:
Al Yousif, Mustafa A.
Chabuk, Ali
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/24201763.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Polskie Towarzystwo Inżynierii Ekologicznej
Tematy:
WQI
water quality index
drinking use
irrigation use
index
WQR
water quality rating
Opis:
Water is one of the most important natural resources for all living organisms, including humans. Water consumption is increasing over the years as a result of the increase in the number of people, and at the same time, the causes of pollution of surface water sources increase. Water pollution is one of the most important causes of diseases and the transmission of infection to the organisms that use it. Also, the quality of agricultural crops is linked to the quality of the water used for irrigation. As a result, there was a need to monitor and evaluate the main water sources to maintain the quality of their water suitable for use by humans and other organisms. As is well known, it is difficult to evaluate the water quality of large samples with concentrations of many parameters using traditional methods, which depend on comparing experimentally determined parameter values with current standards. As a result, over the past century and the present, many methods of assessing water quality have emerged. This research aims to introduce the most important indices of water quality used at present to assess the quality of surface water for drinking and irrigation purposes, as well as the history of these methods and their development over time and their most important advantages, in addition to a group of the most important research that used these methods during the past few years.
Źródło:
Journal of Ecological Engineering; 2023, 24, 5; 40--55
2299-8993
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Ecological Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Credit Rating Agencies in the Face of the War in Ukraine
Agencje ratingowe wobec wojny w Ukrainie
Autorzy:
Wołoszczenko-Hołda, Łada
Niedziółka, Paweł
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2206350.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wrocławiu
Tematy:
credit rating agency (CRA)
rating
war in Ukraine
Big Three
agencja ratingowa
wojna w Ukrainie
Wielka Trójka
Opis:
The aim of this study was to find evidence of whether the ratings prior to Russia's reinvasion of Ukraine in 2022 reflected the geopolitical risks, and if the rating actions taken in response to the aggression accurately informed the financial market participants of the conflict's spillover impacts, transmitting them to the credit risk assessment. The rating actions in response to the Russia's reinvasion in 2022 indicate a considerable shock from the underestimation of geopolitical and political risks in Russia, including autocracy risks. The pattern of the rating actions differed from those in response to the invasion in 2014, and also varied from those used over the past two decades during the outbreak of crises with underlying economic drivers. The CRAs signalled a high level of geopolitical uncertainty which may involve a necessary shift to 'point-in-time' ratings, as 'through-the-cycle' ratings could have little relevance due to the lasting geopolitical risk.
Celem artykułu było znalezienie odpowiedzi na pytanie, czy ratingi przed inwazją Rosji na Ukrainę w 2022 r. odzwierciedlały ryzyko geopolityczne oraz czy decyzje agencji ratingowych podjęte w następstwie wybuchu wojny trafnie informowały uczestników rynku finansowego o wpływie ryzyka powstania konfliktu zbrojnego na ryzyko kredytowe. Działania ratingowe w odpowiedzi na agresję Rosji w 2022 r. wskazują na niedoszacowanie ryzyka geopolitycznego oraz ryzyka politycznego w Rosji, w tym ryzyka związanego z rządami autokratycznymi. Schemat działań ratingowych różni się od zastosowanego w 2014 r., a także odbiega od wzorca stosowanego w ostatnich dwóch dekadach podczas wybuchów kryzysów o podłożu ekonomicznym. Agencje ratingowe sygnalizowały wysoki poziom niepewności geopolitycznej, co sugeruje konieczność zmiany podejścia na „point-in-time” ze względu na to, że ryzyko geopolityczne znacząco ogranicza możliwość zastosowania formuły „through-the-cycle”.
Źródło:
Prace Naukowe Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wrocławiu; 2023, 67, 2; 145-160
1899-3192
Pojawia się w:
Prace Naukowe Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego we Wrocławiu
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Development of a software system for predicting employee ratings
Rozwój oprogramowania do przewidywania ocen pracowników
Autorzy:
Balakayeva, Gulnar
Darkenbayev, Dauren
Zhanuzakov, Mukhit
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/27315453.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Politechnika Lubelska. Wydawnictwo Politechniki Lubelskiej
Tematy:
employee rating
employee evaluation system
Python
MongoDB
ocena pracowników
system ocen pracowników
Opis:
The article deals with the problems of increasing the efficiency of enterprises and developing a system for assessing the rating of employeesof an enterprise. Aspects of motivation for compliance with standards by employees and structural divisions are also considered; they were studied because employees are the main driving force of any enterprise. In order to properly evaluate it, many companies need rating systems. In this article,the authors conducted a study and developed a software package for assessing employees of an enterprise. This article describes howto develop a ranking prediction system. MongoDB is used as a database, as the fastest way to innovate, providing the flexibility and ease of use of a database.
Artykuł dotyczy problemów zwiększania efektywności przedsiębiorstw i opracowania systemu oceny pracowników przedsiębiorstwa.Uwzględniono także aspekty motywacji do przestrzegania standardów przez pracowników i działy organizacyjne; zostały one zbadane, ponieważ pracownicy są główną siłą napędową każdego przedsiębiorstwa. Aby właściwie jąocenić, wiele firm potrzebuje systemów oceny. W tym artykule autorzy przeprowadzili badanie i opracowali pakiet oprogramowania do oceny pracowników przedsiębiorstwa.W tym artykule opisano, jak opracować system przewidywania rankingu. MongoDB jest używanyjako baza danych, jako najszybszy sposób na wprowadzanie innowacji, zapewniając elastyczność i łatwość użytkowania bazy danych.
Źródło:
Informatyka, Automatyka, Pomiary w Gospodarce i Ochronie Środowiska; 2023, 13, 3; 121--124
2083-0157
2391-6761
Pojawia się w:
Informatyka, Automatyka, Pomiary w Gospodarce i Ochronie Środowiska
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Non-homogeneity of hydrometric data and estimating the rating curve
Autorzy:
Jakubczyk, Teresa
Szulczewski, Wiesław
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2206323.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Instytut Meteorologii i Gospodarki Wodnej - Państwowy Instytut Badawczy
Tematy:
rating curve
non-homogeneity of data sets
hydrometric measurement
hydrology
measurements
and data
Opis:
One of the main tasks of contemporary hydrology is to plot the best possible rating curve, which has numerous applications in practical hydrological problems. The quality of the curve depends to a significant degree on the precision of hydrometric measurements and the precision in determining the relationship between discharge and the stage (water level). In this study, we engage the multidimensional problem of non-homogeneity of hydrometric data. The distances between a given point of measurement and the given cross-section proved to be highly diverse. Hence, we propose data transformation so that every measurement can be treated as taken in a given cross-section. The transformation allows partial homogenization of measurement data. An automatic non-linear method for estimating the rating curve is also proposed. The method has been tested on selected representatives of mountain, submontane, and lowland rivers of the Oder River catchment basin (Lower Silesia, Poland). Cross-sections selected for analysis were: Łąki on the Barycz River, Lądek Zdrój on the Biała Łądecka River, Jelenia Góra on the Bóbr River, Jakuszyce on the Kamienna River, and Łozy on the Kwisa River.
Źródło:
Meteorology Hydrology and Water Management. Research and Operational Applications; 2023, 11, 1; 107--122
2299-3835
2353-5652
Pojawia się w:
Meteorology Hydrology and Water Management. Research and Operational Applications
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Resilient Openness of Eastern European Cities in the Conditions of Sustainable Development
Trwała otwartość miast Europy Wschodniej w warunkach zrównoważonego rozwoju
Autorzy:
Tarasevych, Olena
Akhromkin, Yevhen
Volkova, Anastasiia
Zablodska, Dariia
Akhromkin, Andriy
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/27314026.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Komitet Człowiek i Środowisko PAN
Tematy:
resilience
cities of Eastern Europe
safety
sustainable development
rating
transparency
openness
comfort of residence
resilencja
miasta Europy Wschodniej
bezpieczeństwo
zrównoważony rozwój
ocena
przejrzystość
otwartość
komfort zamieszkania
Opis:
This article is devoted to the research of the resilience category, which is now one of the best safety catalysts of each state and its cities. The authors consider the resilience of cities and European countries in terms of preserving the vector of their sustainable development and successful confrontation with external and internal challenges, political and intellectual elite’s efforts to anticipate and neutralize these challenges. This material is disclosed in scientific and practical approaches to openness of countries (cities), as well as through analysis of results of resilience estimation on large cities of Eastern Europe in sustainable development conditions. The article emphasized importance of ratings and methods that reflect the results of the transparency assessment of the city councils’ activities in order to ensure their social, economic and environmental development. For the purposes of the article the authors presented main assessment results of pollution and comfort of residence in cities of Eastern Europe, which allowed to carry out comparative assessment analysis of openness and transparency of the Ukrainian cities in the context of their resolution under sustainable development conditions.
Niniejszy artykuł poświęcony jest badaniom kategorii resilencji, która jest obecnie jednym z najlepszych katalizatorów bezpieczeństwa każdego państwa i jego miast. Autorzy rozważają odporność miast i krajów europejskich pod kątem zachowania wektora ich zrównoważonego rozwoju i skutecznej konfrontacji z wyzwaniami zewnętrznymi i wewnętrznymi, dążenia elit politycznych i intelektualnych do przewidywania i neutralizowania tych wyzwań. Materiał ten ujawnia się w naukowych i praktycznych ujęciach otwartości krajów (miast), a także poprzez analizę wyników oceny odporności dużych miast Europy Wschodniej w warunkach zrównoważonego rozwoju. W artykule zwrócono uwagę na znaczenie ocen i metod odzwierciedlających wyniki oceny przejrzystości działań rad miejskich dla zapewnienia ich rozwoju społecznego, gospodarczego i środowiskowego. Na potrzeby artykułu autorzy przedstawili główne wyniki oceny zanieczyszczenia i komfortu zamieszkania w miastach Europy Wschodniej, co pozwoliło na przeprowadzenie analizy porównawczej oceny otwartości i przejrzystości miast ukraińskich w kontekście ich rozwiązania w warunkach zrównoważonego rozwoju.
Źródło:
Problemy Ekorozwoju; 2023, 18, 1; 111--119
1895-6912
Pojawia się w:
Problemy Ekorozwoju
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The Impact of War and Pandemic Crises on the Sovereign Creditworthiness and Solvency. The Position, Role and Decisions of International Rating Agencies
Autorzy:
Lepczyński, Błażej
Pisarewicz, Piotr
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/18105038.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Marii Curie-Skłodowskiej
Tematy:
sovereign creditworthiness
solvency
credit rating
pandemics
wars
Opis:
Theoretical background: The sovereign creditworthiness and solvency in the context of the pandemic and war crises is one of the biggest challenges that the modern world and the financial market face. It has a key impact on the basic economic indicators, including the price of debt incurred by individual countries and, thus, the profitability of debt securities. The COVID-19 pandemic, which began at the turn of 2019 and 2020, and Russia’s aggression against Ukraine which started on 24 February 2022, have strongly impacted the level of debt of European states and other countries of the world. The energy crisis, which is currently growing, is also taking its toll on the main economic indicators. International credit rating agencies are institutions that have been analysing the sovereign creditworthiness and solvency and individual business entities for many decades. At times, their activities have been the subject of criticism, but their place in the global financial market seems unthreatened and the results of their work still constitute the basic indicator of creditworthiness and solvency evaluation. Purpose of the article: The purpose of this article is to present issues related to the impact of war and pandemic crises on the sovereign creditworthiness and solvency and also the position, role and decisions of international rating agencies. Due to the ongoing war in Ukraine and the COVID-19 pandemic, these are very important issues that have a real impact on the economic condition of individual countries as well as the standard of living of citizens. This article focuses on these elements of the contemporary reality. Research methods: The subject matter and purpose of the article have been illustrated against the background of current theoretical knowledge, historical research and the latest analyses of key economic indicators, such as inflation or bond yields. The study of the impact of wars on sovereign ratings was empirical. To visualise the historical scale of the wars and pandemics destruction, in the analytical part of the study, statistical data has been re-scaled to the current global population. Main findings: The research conducted in this article has indicated that crises related to a pandemic and war have a negative impact on the sovereign creditworthiness and solvency. Historical studies of armed conflicts and pandemics have shown that the former had a significantly greater impact on inflation and bond yields. For example, the level of inflation started to drop within one year after the end of the wars and almost immediately after the end of the pandemic. The same applied to bond yields. Of course, this was directly reflected in the evaluations of international rating agencies. The issues discussed in the article are of practical application, because the on-going war in Ukraine and the COVID-19 pandemic have had a very large impact on the global economy and the financial condition of individual countries. Our research also shows that the war hit the ratings of sovereign countries directly involved in the war, while other countries’ ratings (possibly threatened by aggression from Russia in the future – e.g. EU countries) remain stable.
Źródło:
Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Skłodowska, sectio H – Oeconomia; 2022, 56, 5; 149-170
0459-9586
2449-8513
Pojawia się w:
Annales Universitatis Mariae Curie-Skłodowska, sectio H – Oeconomia
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
The role of credit rating of the ESG debt instruments issuers
Rola ratingu kredytowego emitentów instrumentów dłużnych ESG
Autorzy:
Frydrych, Sylwia
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/24201136.pdf
Data publikacji:
2023
Wydawca:
Fundacja Ekonomistów Środowiska i Zasobów Naturalnych
Tematy:
ESG
credit rating
bonds
rating kredytowy
obligacje
Opis:
The aim of this article is to assess whether having a creditworthiness assessment from more than one credit rating agency by issuers of ESG debt instruments affects the number of issues and the average amount issued. The empirical research was carried out using the observation method and the analysis of source documents. In the analysed period, 53.38% of issuers received ratings at least from one CRAs as S&P, Moody’s, and Fitch. The results of the conducted research indicate that the number of ESG debt instruments and the average issue amount were affected by the number of ratings given to the issuer. A database collected from Refinitiv Eikon for the period between 2012 and 2021 allows us to conclude that it is enough to have two credit ratings. The conclusions of this study can be used in the process of obtaining financing for ESG projects.
Celem artykułu jest ocena, czy posiadanie przez emitentów instrumentów dłużnych ESG oceny zdolności kredytowej wydanej przez więcej niż jedną agencję ratingową wpływa na liczbę i średnią kwotę emisji. Badania empiryczne przeprowadzono metodą obserwacji oraz analizy dokumentów źródłowych. W analizowanym okresie 53,38% emitentów otrzymało oceny wiarygodności kredytowej przynajmniej od jednej agencji ratingowej, jak S&P, Moody’s i Fitch. Wyniki przeprowadzonych badań wskazują, że na liczbę instrumentów dłużnych ESG oraz średnią kwotę emisji miała wpływ liczba ratingów nadanych emitentowi. Baza danych zebrana z Refinitiv Eikon za okres od 2012 do 2021 roku pozwala stwierdzić, że wystarczą dwie oceny zdolności kredytowej. Wnioski z tego badania można wykorzystać w procesie pozyskiwania finansowania na projekty ESG.
Źródło:
Ekonomia i Środowisko; 2023, 1; 328--340
0867-8898
Pojawia się w:
Ekonomia i Środowisko
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
A comparative study of corporate credit ratings prediction with machine learning
Autorzy:
Doğan, Seyyide
Büyükkör, Yasin
Atan, Murat
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2175830.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Politechnika Wrocławska. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wrocławskiej
Tematy:
credit rating
credit risk
machine learning
Opis:
Credit scores are critical for financial sector investors and government officials, so it is important to develop reliable, transparent and appropriate tools for obtaining ratings. This study aims to predict company credit scores with machine learning and modern statistical methods, both in sectoral and aggregated data. Analyses are made on 1881 companies operating in three different sectors that applied for loans from Turkey’s largest public bank. The results of the experiment are compared in terms of classification accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, precision and Mathews correlation coefficient. When the credit ratings are estimated on a sectoral basis, it is observed that the classification rate considerably changes. Considering the analysis results, it is seen that logistic regression analysis, support vector machines, random forest and XGBoost have better performance than decision tree and k-nearest neighbour for all data sets.
Źródło:
Operations Research and Decisions; 2022, 32, 1; 25--47
2081-8858
2391-6060
Pojawia się w:
Operations Research and Decisions
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Assessment of pedestrian infrastructures of road transport: A case study of Jimma Town
Autorzy:
Reta, Tarekegn Mesfin
Denbi, Tolossa Jote
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2176017.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Fundacja Centrum Badań Socjologicznych
Tematy:
infrastructures
pedestrian
P-index
star-rating
Opis:
Pedestrian infrastructures are a critical part of the sustainable transportation system of a city across the world. The key risks to pedestrians are well documented, including infrastructure in terms of the lack of dedicated pedestrian facilities, such as sidewalks, crossings, and raised medians. This paper aimed to assess pedestrian infrastructures of the road transport system in Jimma city. The P-index (Pedestrian-index) method was used to evaluate pedestrian infrastructures, computed with the formula containing the four pedestrian indicators: mobility, safety, pedestrian facility, and accessibility indicator. For this method, sixteen road segments were selected. The result of the mobility indicator shows that the star rating obtained was two stars, which means impaired mobility for the pedestrian. For safety, a 1-star of star-rating was obtained, indicating that the road segments were very unsafe. For the facility indicator, the star-rating value was 2-star which shows inadequate pedestrian facility. For the accessibility indicator, two star-rating was obtained, meaning there was poor accessibility to land uses by walking. Overall P-index value has got a 2-star rating that, which indicates that the existing roads were unfavorable to a pedestrian walking.
Źródło:
Journal of Sustainable Development of Transport and Logistics; 2022, 7, 2; 41--52
2520-2979
Pojawia się w:
Journal of Sustainable Development of Transport and Logistics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Dynamic rating method of traction network based on wind speed prediction
Autorzy:
Su, Zhaoux
Tian, Mingxing
Sun, Lijun
Zhang, Ruopeng
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2086724.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
dynamic thermal rating
IEEE-738
short-term emergency dispatch
time series model
traction power supply
wind speed prediction
Opis:
The operating temperature of the transmission line in the traction network is affected by geographical and climatic factors, especially the wind speed. To make better use of the thermal stability transmission capacity of the traction power supply system in improving the short-term emergency transmission capacity, the dynamic rating technology is introduced into the traction power supply system. According to the time-varying characteristics of the actual wind speed, a dynamic rating method of the traction network based on wind speed prediction is proposed and constructed. Based on the time series model in predicting the wind speed series along the corridor of the traction network, the temperature curve of each transmission line under different currents is calculated by combining it with the heat balance equation of an IEEE-738 capacity expansion model, thus the relationship between the peak operating temperature and current of each transmission line in the prediction period is obtained. According to the current distribution coefficient, the capacity increase limit of the traction network is determined. The example shows that the proposed dynamic rating method based on wind speed prediction is an effective method to predict the short-term safe capacity increase limit of the traction network, which can increase the comprehensive capacity of the traction network by about 45% in the next six hours, and the capacity increase effect is obvious, which can provide reference and technical support for short-term emergency dispatching of traction power supply dispatching centres.
Źródło:
Archives of Electrical Engineering; 2022, 71, 2; 379--395
1427-4221
2300-2506
Pojawia się w:
Archives of Electrical Engineering
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Evaluating the transnationalisation potential of the economies in the countries of South-Eastern Europe
Autorzy:
Sozinova, Eugenia I.
Oriekhova, Tetyana V.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2209207.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022-01-28
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Ekonomiczny w Poznaniu
Tematy:
transnationalisation
classification matrix
countries of South-Eastern Europe
rating methodology
integrated indicator
Opis:
The paper proposes a methodological approach to assessing the potential for transnationalisation of the countries in South-Eastern Europe. The paper presents an integrated indicator of the potential for transnationalisation, which is the average of five standardised variables that characterise the degree of resource potential for internationalisation in the form of transnational development trade, as well as the algorithm of application of these indicators in order to rank countries according to the degree of development and usage of their existing potential. Based on the use of this method, the countries of South-Eastern Europe were ranked according to the actual use of the potential for the transnationalisation of their economies. A comparison of the obtained values of the index of the transnationalisation potential of the countries in South-Eastern Europe with the actual data characterising international investment activity in these countries made it possible to build a matrix for the classification of the countries according to the availability and use of the transnationalisation potential. The analysis makes it possible to state that the level of the actual inflow of FDI to Montenegro is higher than the level of its potential for transnationalisation. The evidence of FDI inflows relative to GDP makes it possible to classify Albania as the leader in transnational business. Evidence of FDI inflows to Bosnia and Herzegovina confirms its characteristics of the transnationalisation potential as an “outsider” to transnationalisation. All other studied countries fell into the category of countries with underestimated investment potential in attracting foreign direct investment, i.e. the potential for transnationalisation (domestic).
Źródło:
Research Papers in Economics and Finance; 2021, 5, 1; 5-19
2543-6430
Pojawia się w:
Research Papers in Economics and Finance
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Volodymyr Zelenskyi’s political image during the Russian-Ukrainian war: an initial analysis
Autorzy:
Trushevych, Hanna
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/2128091.pdf
Data publikacji:
2022-12-31
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Adam Marszałek
Tematy:
political image
Volodymyr Zelenskyi
war
image
rating
President of Ukraine
Opis:
Political image is formed in the mass consciousness, and has the kind of a stereotype, emotionally colored image of a political leader. Political image has a purely integral essence and is derived from the psychological, physiological and intellectual characteristics of the leader, aimed at the object of image perception. The image of a political leader is the essence and objective unit of communicative interaction in the system «political leader – the masses». He feels the interaction of various factors, which can be conventionally referred to as communication filters. At the same time, the essence of an effective image-making process is to see and take into account these barriers in time and achieve the greatest perception of the leader’s image. The specificity of a political leader in society is that citizens usually form their ideas about politicians not as a result of direct contact with them, but on the basis of symbolic politician representation in the media. Ideology and programs as the subject basis of political communication between leaders and the masses are increasingly being replaced by the image of a politician being created and promulgated in the media. The presence of a political leader in the media occurs as a necessary condition for his positioning in the political space. The formation of the leader political image during the war helps not only to achieve the political goals of the politician himself, but also affects the course of hostilities and the availability of world community support. The article attempts to analyze the political image of the President of Ukraine Volodymyr Zelenskyi during the Russian-Ukrainian war and his influence on the war course. The author’s attention is focused on determining the image micro roles of the President, analyzing the impact of his image and rhetoric on the support of the world community and the decisions of the authorities of different countries. The author also explores how Ukrainians’ support for their president has changed since the beginning of the war. The author determines from which elements the image of a modern politician is built. Existing and additional micro roles of Volodymyr Zelenskyi image have been studied. The micro role of the President of Ukraine image among Ukrainians and at the international level is indicated. A content analysis of the President’s speeches in the British Parliament and the US Congress was performed. The impact of these speeches on the assistance to the Ukrainian army is analyzed. An increase in the level of support for the president by Ukrainians themselves since the beginning of the war has been revealed. The change in the image of the President of Ukraine among the international community and the level of support are shown.
Źródło:
Reality of Politics; 2022, 22; 81-95
2082-3959
Pojawia się w:
Reality of Politics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 216

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