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Tytuł:
PODEJŚCIE ROOT CAUSE JAKO ROZWIĄZANIE PROBLEMU UCHODŹSTWA: WYBRANE DYLEMATY I KONTROWERSJE
THE ROOT CAUSE APPROACH AS A SOLUTION TO THE PROBLEM OF REFUGE: DILEMMAS AND CONTROVERSIES
Autorzy:
Gafarowski, Dymitr
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/580138.pdf
Data publikacji:
2014
Wydawca:
Polska Akademia Nauk. Czytelnia Czasopism PAN
Tematy:
ROOT CAUSE APPROACH
SOLVING THE PROBLEM OF REFUGE
PREVENTING REFUGE
Opis:
The scope of this article concerns a currently relevant, significant and very complex notion of an approach to the issue of refuge which the literature on the subject terms the root cause approach. The basis of the root cause approach are preventive actions aiming at eliminating the main causes of a potential or actual conflict which may induce people to become refugees or which are the reason why refugees come forth. Although the assumption that the root cause approach is a critical element in the process of resolving the issue of refuge seems indisputable, it does not defeat other points of view or the development of argumentation which opposes the application of this method. The nature of preventive actions which constitute the root cause approach is the source of a number of theoretical and practical difficulties. Hence, in order to tackle the most problematic aspects of the considered method, this article presents the most critical dilemmas related to the root cause approach. Due to the fact that the principle of non-interference with the internal affairs of a sovereign state is an issue related to one of the most complex perspectives on the root cause approach, it will be especially emphasized. On top of the above-mentioned concerns, the article also touches upon issues related to the interdependence of the root cause approach and social changes taking place in origin countries. It also relates to the positioning of the root cause approach in the hierarchy of a state’s goals and interests and evaluates the effectiveness of unilateral and bilateral forms of cooperation in the context of solving the problem of refuge.
Źródło:
Studia Migracyjne - Przegląd Polonijny; 2014, 40, 4(154); 25-50
2081-4488
2544-4972
Pojawia się w:
Studia Migracyjne - Przegląd Polonijny
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Root cause analysis of cybersecurity incidents on pipelines ssing the NFR approach
Autorzy:
Subramanian, Nary
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/1954575.pdf
Data publikacji:
2021
Wydawca:
Politechnika Gdańska
Tematy:
root cause
cybersecurity
pipeline
critical infrastructure
NFR approach
cyberbezpieczeństwo
rurociąg
infrastruktura krytyczna
podejście NFR
Opis:
Pipelines transporting oil, gas, water, and other substances form part of the critical infrastructure of the society and are mostly controlled by advanced automation technology. This automation enables remote control and monitoring of pipeline operations by means of wide area networks that include microwaves, satellites, and cellular technologies. Often these pipeline control systems are also connected to the Internet to permit their operational control from anywhere. However, this bridging of the so-called “air-gap” between the critical infrastructure control system and the Internet has also introduced cybersecurity weaknesses that allows malicious actors to take control away from legitimate users of the system. While cybersecurity needs to be built into the system during the design phase itself, it is important, especially after a cybersecurity incident, to know the actual causes behind the incident so that appropriate countermeasures may be taken quickly to avoid a recurrence of the incident. Typical techniques to identify these root causes include five whys, fishbone diagrams, and causal factors analysis; this paper presents an alternate technique to identify root causes for pipeline cybersecurity incidents based on the NFR Approach where NFR stands for Non-Functional Requirements of the pipeline system. The NFR Approach starts with the requirements for the system in the first place, establishes the relationships between the design of the system and its requirements, and then identifies the root causes in a structured manner. In this paper, the NFR Approach is applied to analyze root causes of the Florida water system attack that occurred in February 2021. The advantages of the NFR Approach over traditional methods to identify root causes especially for pipeline incidents include the traceability of the causes to the requirements of the system, identification of synergistic and conflicting operational goals, and historical record-keeping.
Źródło:
TASK Quarterly. Scientific Bulletin of Academic Computer Centre in Gdansk; 2021, 25, 3; 295-314
1428-6394
Pojawia się w:
TASK Quarterly. Scientific Bulletin of Academic Computer Centre in Gdansk
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
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