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Tytuł:
Przyczyny deficytu finansów publicznych w świetle nowej ekonomii politycznej
The Public Finance Deficit From the Perspective of the New Political Economics
Autorzy:
Mackiewicz, Michał
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/575903.pdf
Data publikacji:
2006-03-31
Wydawca:
Szkoła Główna Handlowa w Warszawie. Kolegium Analiz Ekonomicznych
Tematy:
deficit
public finance
information asymmetry
Opis:
The article examines mechanisms governing public finance and budget deficits in democratic countries as well as tendencies toward an increase in the overall level of public spending. The analysis is based on a dynamic theoretical model that focuses on households and their behaviors to maximize benefits resulting from the consumption of public goods. Households are divided into two groups depending on their preference for a specific type of public goods. The point of reference is an analysis of a social planning procedure designed to maximize social benefits by choosing an appropriate level of the deficit and spending on individual public goods. The institutional framework of the model is subsequently modified in two ways. The first method involves a decision-making process based on an independent choice of the consumption level for public goods by individual groups of households. The second method involves decisions made by authorities and politicians motivated by a desire to secure reelection. At the same time, the author examines what he calls “information asymmetry” in the budgetary process. An analysis of the presented model reveals that both modifications lead to an excessive/suboptimal budget deficit. The first option may additionally cause an excessive level of public spending in the economy. The study points to the existence of two important mechanisms behind an excessive public finance deficit and the consequent accumulation of debt in democratic countries. The first mechanism is based on a situation in which decisions are made by many independent entities in a decentralized budgetary process. These entities are not fully responsible for the consequences of their decisions. The second mechanism involves the problem of proper representation of the people under the information asymmetry between voters and fiscal policy makers.
Źródło:
Gospodarka Narodowa. The Polish Journal of Economics; 2006, 206, 3; 1-22
2300-5238
Pojawia się w:
Gospodarka Narodowa. The Polish Journal of Economics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
EU Regional Policies and their Consequences for Poland from a Financial Perspective 2007-2013
Polityka regionalna UE w perspektywie finansowej 2007-2013 i jej konsekwencje dla Polski
Autorzy:
Polak, Ewa
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/904944.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
public finance
regional policy
polityka regionalna
finanse publiczne
Opis:
In the aforementioned case study, an endeavour has been made to analyse and assess the regional policies of the European Union and its consequences for the Polish economy, from a financial perspective, for the years 2007-2013. A fundamental problem Poland is faced with after nearly three years of EU membership, is the capability of regions to utilise the increasing assistance from the European Union budget. The basic conditions to being able to utilise such a considerable sum, is a change in the public finance system and of the regulations governing the functionality of the administration. A better and more efficient utilisation of the budgeted funds would be to achieved upon subjecting a large portion of public expenses to Union principles and control.
W niniejszym opracowaniu dokonano analizy i oceny polityki regionalnej Unii Europejskiej w perspektywie finansowej 2007-2013 i jej konsekwencji dla polskiej gospodarki. Zasadniczym problemem, przed którym staje Polska po niespełna trzech latach członkostwa w UE jest zdolność absorpcji przez regiony rosnącej pomocy z budżetu Unii Europejskiej. Podstawowym warunkiem wykorzystania tak dużej pomocy jest zmiana finansów publicznych i zasad funkcjonowania administracji. Lepsze i sprawniejsze wykorzystanie środków budżetowych zapewnia dostosowanie dużej części wydatków publicznych do zasad unijnych oraz unijnej kontroli.
Źródło:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica; 2008, 223
0208-6018
2353-7663
Pojawia się w:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Typologia dotacji z budżetu państwa a cele dotowania samorządu terytorialnego
Typology of Transfers from State Budget into Self-Government Budgets and Their Objectives
Autorzy:
Guziejewska, Beata
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/906421.pdf
Data publikacji:
2008
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Łódzki. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego
Tematy:
finansowanie samorządu terytorialnego
dotacje
finanse publiczne
local government financing
subsidies
public finance
Opis:
The problems of intergovernmental fiscal relations have been recognized for many years. The consequence of this is a wide range of different kinds of transfers from state budget into self-government budgets. The article describes the typology of those grants and suggests same conclusions what grants are appropriate for what objectives.
Źródło:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica; 2008, 218
0208-6018
2353-7663
Pojawia się w:
Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Oeconomica
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Zarządzanie finansami publicznymi - kontrola podatkowa a kontrola skarbowa
Public finances management – fiscal audit versus treasury audit
Autorzy:
Kotowska, E.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/228277.pdf
Data publikacji:
2009
Wydawca:
Wyższa Szkoła Menedżerska w Warszawie
Tematy:
zarządzanie finansami publicznymi
kontrola podatkowa
kontrola skarbowa
public finance
fiscal audit
treasury audit
Opis:
Zarządzanie finansami publicznymi związane jest z wykorzystaniem wszystkich funkcji zarządzania na co szczególną uwagę zwraca się w obszarze nowego zarządzania publicznego (NPM). Celem tego artykułu jest zwrócenie uwagi na funkcję kontrolą realizowaną w obszarze finansów publicznych przez kontrolę podatkową i kontrolę skarbową oraz próba odpowiedzi na pytanie: czy zasadne jest funkcjonowanie równolegle kontroli podatkowej i kontroli skarbowej?
Public finances management is using all managements functions – particularly it being relates to the area of the new public management (NPM). The aim of this article is to attract one’s attention to the control function carried out by fiscal and treasury audits in the area of public finances. The author attempts to reply the following question: is the simultaneous existence of both fiscal and revenue audit just treasury?
Źródło:
Postępy Techniki Przetwórstwa Spożywczego; 2009, 2; 151-160
0867-793X
2719-3691
Pojawia się w:
Postępy Techniki Przetwórstwa Spożywczego
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF ECONOMIC BUDGET OF PODKARPACIE IN GMINAS BETWEEN THE YEAR 1999-2008 (Analiza porównawcza gospodarki budzetowej gmin województwa podkarpackiego w latach 1999-2008)
Autorzy:
Strojny, Jacek
Skica, Tomasz
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/599580.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Wyższa Szkoła Informatyki i Zarządzania z siedzibą w Rzeszowie
Tematy:
BENCHMARKING
BUDGET
PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION
PUBLIC FINANCE
PUBLIC SPENDING
Opis:
This article deals with the economic budget of local governments units. This paper includes the study of local government units in the Podkarpacie region and the main subject of the article are evolution directions of income policy and government spending in 'gminas' (communes). The analysis of local government finance between the years 1999-2008 emphasizes the changes in the priorities of public spending. Reorientation are not only trends, also the nature of realizing budgetary economy. As a result, it seems a reasonable approach to the revision of these changes.and analysis of their substrate. Not without significance is the impact of legislative amendments to change the financial management local government units. The article outlines the above subjects and the nature of its deliberations in a way that reflects the theme of comprehensive changes taking place in local government finance.
Źródło:
Finansowy Kwartalnik Internetowy e-Finanse; 2010, 6, 2; 76-87
1734-039X
Pojawia się w:
Finansowy Kwartalnik Internetowy e-Finanse
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
EVALUATION OF THE IMPACT OF FINANCIAL CRISIS ON THE CONDITION OF PUBLIC FINANCES IN POLAND (Ocena wplywu kryzysu finansowego na stan finansow publicznych w Polsce)
Autorzy:
Skica, Tomasz
Pater, Robert
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/599702.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Wyższa Szkoła Informatyki i Zarządzania z siedzibą w Rzeszowie
Tematy:
BUDGET DEFICIT
PUBLIC FINANCE
PUBLIC FINANCE SECTOR DEFICIT
Opis:
The article is an attempt to diagnose the current condition of public finances in Poland. The authors have adopted the goal of analyzing the impact of financial crisis on the condition of domestic public finances, referring to the results of findings of indexes describing public finance in European Union countries. The article is a view of domestic comparisons of the current situation of public finances against the background of crisis that affected the economy of each of the EU countries. The article evaluates and examines the scale and the impact of the consequences of the crisis on the condition of public finances in Poland, pointing to threats that influence the stability of the financial system as an effect of abandonments to reform of public finances.
Źródło:
Finansowy Kwartalnik Internetowy e-Finanse; 2010, 6, 4; 36-50
1734-039X
Pojawia się w:
Finansowy Kwartalnik Internetowy e-Finanse
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Nowy cel zarządzania ryzykiem regulacyjnym
The new aim of the risk regulation management
Autorzy:
Kasiewicz, Stanisław
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/453196.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Szkoła Główna Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego w Warszawie. Katedra Ekonometrii i Statystyki
Tematy:
zarządzanie
ryzyko regulacyjne
cel zarządzania
regulacja
risk regulation
management
aim
public finance
RIA
government
Opis:
Rosnąca skala i częstotliwość występowania zagrożeń, jakie mogą dotknąć gospodarkę i społeczeństwo na poziomie krajowym wymaga zmiany podejścia do zarządzania ryzykiem regulacyjnym. W artykule postuluje się dokonanie przełomu w mechanizmie zarządzania ryzykiem regulacyjnym poprzez sformułowanie na nowo celu i kryteriów optymalizacji działań regulatorów. Referat składa się z czterech logicznie powiązanych części. Na początku uzasadnia się rolę i istotę zarządzania losowym ryzykiem regulacyjnym, następnie dokonuje się przeglądu przesłanek przemawiających za zarządzaniem ryzykiem regulacyjnym, która jest koncepcją od niedawna lansowaną m.in. przez instytucję OECD. Następnie określa się główne obszary tematyczne wchodzące w zakres zarządzania losowym ryzykiem regulacyjnym. W ostatniej i najważniejszej części referatu podejmuje się próbę uzasadnienia przeformułowania celu i kryteriów zarządzania ryzykiem regulacyjnym.
Regulatory Impact Assessment (called shortly in Polish as OSR) is an instrument improving the law. It have been developing very quickly in Poland since our country became the member of OECD (November 1996) and of the European Union (May 2004). Poland build special institutional infrastructure to evaluate new regulations. This year about 1000 of administrative people will be trained in applying the rules of OSR. It is observe that part of regulations in force includes information about the results of the OSR. The purpose of this paper is to change practice in the methodological issue aiming to choose the best law alternative for the society. The author recommends two main solutions. First proposal is to implement in evaluation of law projects risk issues. The second is to change aim of the regulation risk. Recently, in practice conservative approach to the risk regulation dominates. This approach leads to minimizing not only the value of losses but also costs of reducing or avoiding risk. In the article it is stated, that better solution is to add also direct and indirect benefits of risk reduction activities. As a result, the new aim is to minimize differences between losses and all identified benefits in long horizon.
Źródło:
Metody Ilościowe w Badaniach Ekonomicznych; 2010, 11, 2; 139-150
2082-792X
Pojawia się w:
Metody Ilościowe w Badaniach Ekonomicznych
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Sektor finansów publicznych po zmianach
The sector of public finance after changes
Autorzy:
Kotowska, E.
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/227954.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Wyższa Szkoła Menedżerska w Warszawie
Tematy:
finanse publiczne
zmiany
public finance
changes
Opis:
W artykule przedstawiono konsekwencje zmian organizacyjno – prawnych w zakresie funkcjonowania jednostek sektora finansów publicznych. Wskazano, że przyjęte rozwiązania w obowiązującej od 1 stycznia 2010 r. ustawie o finansach publicznych zmieniając strukturę organizacyjną sektora publicznego poprawiają nieco jego przejrzystość, ale w sposób kompleksowy nie porządkują zasad działania tych jednostek oraz całego sektora.
This article shows consequences of organizational and legal changes concerning functioning of units of the public sector. It is showed that regulations which were created in the statute of public sector (in force from 1st of January 2010) are changing along with organizational structure of the public sector improving a little bit its transparency but in comprehensive way do not make more clear the rules of operation of these units and the entire public sector.
Źródło:
Postępy Techniki Przetwórstwa Spożywczego; 2010, 2; 120-127
0867-793X
2719-3691
Pojawia się w:
Postępy Techniki Przetwórstwa Spożywczego
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
THE EUROPEAN UNION BUDGET AFTER 2013 - DIRECTIONS OF CHANGE IN THE LIGHT OF THE ANALYSIS OF THE POSITION OF THE MEMBER STATES GOVERNMENTS (Polish title -below)
Autorzy:
Oreziak, Leokadia
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/416317.pdf
Data publikacji:
2010
Wydawca:
Uczelnia Łazarskiego. Oficyna Wydawnicza
Tematy:
COMMON AGRICULTURAL POLICY
EU BUDGET
EU FINANCING SYSTEM
PUBLIC FINANCE
Opis:
(Title in Polish - 'Budzet Unii Europejskiej po 2013 roku - kierunki zmian w swietle analizy stanowisk rzadów krajów czlonkowskich'). The creation of principles of financing the European Union which are to come into force in 2014 is connected with some serious challenges. Taking into account the existing differences in the level of economic development of the present European Union member states, it is essential to acknowledge the mechanisms of solidarity. There is some concern that in the future that solidarity will continue to decrease. The establishment of a new source of individual funds in the form of income from the so-called European tax is not very probable due to an evident opposition from a big group of countries. The spending which will certainly cause the biggest controversies among the member states is the financing of the Common Agricultural Policy and regional support. An important area for negotiations will also be constituted by the issue of rebates which benefit the United Kingdom and some other countries being net payers. The shape of the future European Union budget will be determined by the integration model which is planned to be practically implemented. The key issue is whether the future integration model will be limited to the implementation of ambitious long-term objectives or only to current intervention activities. The factor that will strongly affect the negotiations of how to finance the European Union in the period after 2013 is the condition of public finance in the member states, especially those which are net payers. The global economic crisis caused a considerable increase of budget deficits and resulted in the rise of public debt. Thus, the possibilities to increase the Union budget are rather limited.
Źródło:
Myśl Ekonomiczna i Polityczna; 2010, 1(28); 53-76
2081-5913
2545-0964
Pojawia się w:
Myśl Ekonomiczna i Polityczna
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Analysis of Strategy of Culture Development in Krakow 2010–2014 as an example of public Policy implementation
Autorzy:
Cichocki, Dawid
Laberschek, Marcin
Rusanowska, Marzena
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/639788.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Uniwersytet Jagielloński. Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego
Tematy:
public policy
strategy
finance
cultural offer
Opis:
The article omits the role of the Krakow Festival Office in the Krakow cultural system. Krakow Festival Office is the institution which organizational profile and a kind of proposed cultural events is quite different from the traditional cultural institutions that have been characterized so far. Krakow Festival Office implements projects that are far broader and far more expensive than other institutions. It is difficult not to notice that Krakow Festival Office is privileged when considering international cultural projects in the Strategy of Culture Development in Krakow. Theatres and exhibition institutions have some chances for growth considering the statements in the Strategy. However the situation of libraries and cultural houses ma get worse. The strength of cultural institutions lies also in the strength of cultural houses and libraries. It seems though that the authors of the Strategy neglect the role of institutions mentioned above in the social capital building. Reading the Strategy of Culture Development in Cracow one may have justifies doubts whether the interests of the local citizens are sufficiently taken care of. It seems that the Strategy centrates more on promotional marketing for the Krakow brand and ess on the cultural needs of Krakow’s citizens. Both directions of cultural policy do not exclude each other. The proper research on the needs of Krakow’s citizens is missing. Thus it is difficult to rationalize the spending on culture in Krakow including the need of Krakow’s citizens as well as the investment in the promotion of culture in Krakow in the international area.
Źródło:
Zarządzanie Publiczne; 2011, 1(13); 103-115
2084-3968
Pojawia się w:
Zarządzanie Publiczne
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Emerging Capitalism in Poland Challenges and Dilemmas
Autorzy:
Hausner, Jerzy
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/942396.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Szkoła Główna Handlowa w Warszawie
Tematy:
the public finance
public budget
budget deficit
macroeconomics
Opis:
This statement provides an account of an eventful period in the recent history of Polish social dialogue (2001-2005). The author shares his experiences and reflections from the time when he served as the Minister of Labour and the Deputy Prime Minister, as well as the head of the Tripartite Commission for Social and Economic Affairs. The statement heavily relies on the author's book 'Loops of development' (Pętle rozwoju) published in 2007. The author argues that while structural reforms are inevitable in societies in transition, such as Polish, they should be introduced with caution. The role of public institutions and their viability is also stressed out. As the author claims, social dialogue, albeit of undeniable value, is prone to serious deficiencies, especially, if it retains a specific corporatist profile (that is, supporting special interest groups), which was the case in Poland in the early 2000s.
Źródło:
Warsaw Forum of Economic Sociology; 2011, 2, 4; 77-95
2081-9633
Pojawia się w:
Warsaw Forum of Economic Sociology
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Geneza i skutki kryzysu finansów publicznych w Grecji
The Origin and Implications of Greece’s Public Finance Crisis
Autorzy:
Baran, Bernadeta
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/574279.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011-06-30
Wydawca:
Szkoła Główna Handlowa w Warszawie. Kolegium Analiz Ekonomicznych
Tematy:
Greece
crisis
public finance
budget deficit
public debt
Opis:
The article traces the development of the budgetary situation in Greece since the early 1990s and aims to identify the main causes behind the public finance crisis in this country that began in 2009 and continued in 2010. The author discusses the most important implications of the crisis for the functioning of the euro area. The period covered by the analysis was divided into several subperiods: the period of 1990-1995, which saw the continuation of an expansionary fiscal policy initiated in the 1980s; the period directly preceding the country’s entry into the euro zone Jan. 1, 2001, marked by an improvement in Greece’s budgetary performance; the years after Greece’s entry into the euro zone and the return of the fiscal expansion policy; and the period when the country was forced to launch budgetary reforms. Greece’s current public finance problems are not only a direct effect of the global financial crisis, but also an outcome of domestic factors, which led to persistent economic problems in the country, including the loss of financial stability and decreased competitiveness. The following factors generate high budgetary expenditures and limit revenue in Greece (consequently leading to a high budget deficit and an escalation in public debt): low administrative efficiency, high operating costs of the public sector (high employment and a high level of wages in the public sector), excessive social spending, an inefficient pension system, an overregulated labor market and excessive regulation on markets for goods and services. Greece’s public finance crisis was therefore primarily provoked by structural problems that were evident still before the country joined the euro area and that have not been resolved since then. According to Baran, Greece met the budget deficit criterion for adopting the single European currency only because the country’s government artificially increased its revenues and resorted to statistical manipulation. Meanwhile, budget expenditures increased steadily, Baran notes, and an interest rate cut after the country’s euro-zone entry enabled public borrowing at a lower cost as internal problems accumulated due to abandoned reforms. The result was an explosion of the budget deficit and public debt in 2009. Fellow EU countries have decided to provide financial aid to Greece to maintain the stability of the euro and avoid a situation in which Greece’s problems would spill over to other member states, the author says. According to Baran, Greece is struggling with what is the most serious public finance crisis in this country since it joined the euro zone and adopted the single European currency in 2001. The country’s unresolved structural problems are the fundamental issue that underlies the crisis. Greece scores poorly in terms of competition and product market liberalization. The Greek economy has a low level of competitiveness due to labor market problems, an inefficient social security system and excessive public-sector employment. As a result, the government in Greece collects insufficient revenue and has high public expenditures, Baran notes. Fiscal consolidation has been based on higher revenues and lower interest payments since the mid-1990s. Despite powerful arguments for a radical domestic adjustment, all reforms have been marked by controversy and conflict between the government and its social partners.
Źródło:
Gospodarka Narodowa. The Polish Journal of Economics; 2011, 248, 5-6; 49-67
2300-5238
Pojawia się w:
Gospodarka Narodowa. The Polish Journal of Economics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Kryzys finansów publicznych czy kryzys płatniczy krajów PIIGS?
PIIGS Countries: A Public Finance Crisis or a Balance-of-Payments Crunch?
Autorzy:
Koronowski, Adam
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/574312.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011-06-30
Wydawca:
Szkoła Główna Handlowa w Warszawie. Kolegium Analiz Ekonomicznych
Tematy:
monetary union
financial crisis
public finance
economic policy
Opis:
The article examines the causes behind a credibility crisis that has hit a group of euro-zone countries collectively referred to as PIIGS: Portugal, Ireland, Italy, Greece and Spain. The author discusses the economic policy being pursued in these countries in response to the crisis. The credibility crisis is generally being attributed to high public finance deficits and significant levels of public debt in the PIIGS countries. But this interpretation fails to consider the fact that various other countries are also struggling with high deficits and public debts. In addition to problems related to their public finances, Portugal, Ireland, Italy, Greece and Spain, are also suffering from an imbalance of payments. The high current-account deficits in these countries reflect unbalanced public finance-sector budgets and excessive private sector spending. The balance-of-payments aspect of the credibility crisis besetting PIIGS countries is obscured by these countries’ membership of the euro zone. This diagnosis is the starting point for asking a question about an economic policy aimed at addressing the imbalance-of-payments problem experienced by PIIGS countries. The widely recommended “consolidation” of public finances is hardly an optimal measure, according to Koronowski; nor can it be applied on a satisfactory scale, the author says. The best option would be to use an appropriate exchange rate policy, Koronowski says, because of the asymmetrical nature of the difficulties being experienced by these countries, including the balance-of-payments aspect of the crisis. However, such a policy is missing in euro-zone countries. In the absence of adequate national economic policies, the EU’s policy towards the PIIGS countries boils down to either explicit or implicit assistance granted by the European Central Bank, the European Commission and member states. According to Koronowski, this violates the underpinnings of the euro zone, undermines the credibility of the European Central Bank, ignores the principle of democratic control over public finances, and ultimately fails to effectively resolve the problem.
Źródło:
Gospodarka Narodowa. The Polish Journal of Economics; 2011, 248, 5-6; 69-84
2300-5238
Pojawia się w:
Gospodarka Narodowa. The Polish Journal of Economics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Nierównowaga finansów publicznych w krajach Unii Europejskiej
Public Finance Sustainability in European Union Countries
Autorzy:
Gajewski, Paweł
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/574413.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011-10-31
Wydawca:
Szkoła Główna Handlowa w Warszawie. Kolegium Analiz Ekonomicznych
Tematy:
public debt
public finance sustainability
financial crisis
Opis:
The article aims to estimate the current level of public finance sustainability in the European Union, taking into account the starting fiscal position, the possibility of withdrawing fiscal impulses, the future costs of population aging, and possible financial market responses. The author achieves this objective by using an indicator method similar to that used by the European Commission. However, this method has been modified by diversifying projected GDP growth rates and public debt interest rates, Gajewski says. The assumption is that the interest rate may vary depending on the response of financial markets to the debt-to-GDP ratio. The author demonstrates that almost all EU countries have lost their medium- and long-term fiscal sustainability. Greece and Ireland appear to be the worst off among the analyzed countries, Gajewski says. Both these economies suffer from a high structural budget deficit and potentially high costs of population aging. Most other countries will also be forced to make strong fiscal adjustments to achieve primary surpluses far exceeding those in the period before the financial crisis. The calculations also show that Sweden, Estonia and Bulgaria boast the highest levels of public finance sustainability in the European Union, the author concludes.
Źródło:
Gospodarka Narodowa. The Polish Journal of Economics; 2011, 251, 10; 21-38
2300-5238
Pojawia się w:
Gospodarka Narodowa. The Polish Journal of Economics
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Tytuł:
Preferencje finansowe związane z działalnością organizacji pożytku publicznego
Financial Preferences Relating to the Activity of a Public Benefit Organization
Autorzy:
Tyrakowski, Marek
Powiązania:
https://bibliotekanauki.pl/articles/512261.pdf
Data publikacji:
2011
Wydawca:
Wydawnictwo Diecezjalne Adalbertinum
Tematy:
finance
public benefit organization
Opis:
Financial preferences, which are established by the government, are one of the widely accepted methods of financing public benefit organizations. Their main purpose is to achieve statutory goals of such organizations, which are generally public tasks. Financial preferences include income tax exemption for legal entities, property tax exemption, donations based on income tax laws, etc. Worth mentioning is the fact that tax exemptions and donations are most profitable.
Źródło:
Studia Ełckie; 2011, 13; 389-400
1896-6896
2353-1274
Pojawia się w:
Studia Ełckie
Dostawca treści:
Biblioteka Nauki
Artykuł
Wyświetlanie 1-15 z 284

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